FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\SdhA

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\SdhA

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Succinate dehydrogenase, subunit A (flavoprotein)

Annotation Symbol

CG17246

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0261439

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

17 publicly available

Enzyme Name (EC)

succinate dehydrogenase (1.3.5.1)

Gene Summary

Succinate dehydrogenase, subunit A (flavoprotein) (SdhA) encodes the FAD-containing subunit of the mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase complex, also known as respiratory chain complex II. This complex catalyzes the sixth step of the of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle by oxidizing succinate to fumarate, and also transfers electrons to quinones as part of the electron transport chain. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-26] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Red Book
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

Scs-fp, sdh, succinate dehydrogenase, Succinate dehydrogenase A, Succinyl coenzyme A synthetase flavoprotein subunit

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

56D3-56D3

Sequence location

2R:19,391,863..19,395,971 [-]

Recombination map

2-89

RefSeq locus

NT_033778 REGION:19391863..19395971

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (13 terms)

Molecular Function (6 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (6 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables electron transfer activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000180228

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables flavin adenine dinucleotide binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR011281, InterPro:IPR014006

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000180228

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR014006

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

enables oxidoreductase activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR003952, InterPro:IPR015939, InterPro:IPR037099

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

enables succinate dehydrogenase (FAD) activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR011281

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

contributes_to succinate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P31040

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q8K2B3

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

enables succinate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000180258

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Biological Process (4 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in electron transport chain

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Mast et al., 2008)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in electron transport chain

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR014006

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

involved_in mitochondrial electron transport, succinate to ubiquinone

non-traceable author statement

(Tripoli et al., 2005)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000180258

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in respiratory electron transport chain

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P31040

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

involved_in tricarboxylic acid cycle

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR011281

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

traceable author statement

(Van Vranken et al., 2014)

Cellular Component (3 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in mitochondrion

inferred from high throughput direct assay

(Alonso et al., 2005)

part_of respiratory chain complex II (succinate dehydrogenase)

inferred from direct assay

(Murari et al., 2021)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in mitochondrial inner membrane

non-traceable author statement

(Tripoli et al., 2005)

located_in mitochondrial inner membrane

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q0QF01

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

part_of respiratory chain complex II (succinate dehydrogenase)

non-traceable author statement

(Porcelli et al., 2007, Tripoli et al., 2005)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

MITOCHONDRIAL COMPLEX II (SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE) SUBUNITS

MITOCHONDRIAL COMPLEX II (SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE)

Pathway (FlyBase)

TRICARBOXYLIC ACID (TCA) CYCLE

OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase 2 family. FRD/SDH subfamily. (Q94523)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)

succinate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity

a quinone + succinate = fumarate + a quinol (1.3.5.1)

RHEA 40523: succinate dehydrogenase (FAD) activity
RHEA 30343:

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Gene Group (FlyBase)

MITOCHONDRIAL COMPLEX II (SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE) SUBUNITS -: The succinate dehydrogenase complex is unique in that it functions in both the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the electron transport chain (ETC), wherein it is referred to as Complex II. It is a heterotetrameric protein complex that is anchored to the inner mitochondrial membrane by two integral membrane proteins, Sdh3 (SDHC) and Sdh4 (SDHD). This Sdh3/Sdh4 dimer binds the peripheral membrane protein Sdh2 (SDHB), which tethers the Sdh1 (SDHA) subunit to the complex. Sdh1 harbors a covalently bound FAD cofactor that is required for the oxidation of succinate to fumarate in the TCA cycle. The two electrons that result from succinate oxidation are channeled through the three iron-sulfur clusters in Sdh2 to ubiquinone, which interacts with the complex via the Sdh3/Sdh4 membrane anchor, and thereby reduce it to ubiquinol as part of the ETC. (Adapted from PMID:24954416 and PMID:37490987.)
MITOCHONDRIAL COMPLEX II (SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE) -: Mitochondrial complex II/Succinate Dehydrogenase is a heterotetrameric protein complex anchored to the inner mitochondrial membrane via two integral membrane subunits. It functions both in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the electron transport chain (ETC) by catalysing the oxidation of succinate to fumarate and then, via electron transfer, reducing ubiquinone to ubiquinol. (Adapted from PMID:24954416.)

Pathway (FlyBase)

TRICARBOXYLIC ACID (TCA) CYCLE -: The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is a central metabolic process that occurs in mitochondria. It consists of a cyclic series of chemical reactions that harness high-energy electrons from nutrients to produce energy (ATP). Each turn of the TCA cycle oxidizes one acetyl-CoA to two CO2 molecules and yields one GTP or ATP and 6 electrons in the form of four reducing equivalents (three NADH and one FADH2). Then, these electron carriers transfer their electrons onto the electron transport chain (ETC) complexes to generate ATP in a process known as oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The TCA cycle intermediates can also be used as precursors for the biosynthesis of amino acids, fatty acids and porphyrins and for gluconeogenesis. (Adapted from PMID:36581208).
OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION -: Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is the coordinated transfer of electrons and protons leading to the production of ATP. The OXPHOS system is composed of five mitochondrial inner membrane complexes, Complexes I-IV comprise the electron respiratory chain and Complex V the ATP synthase. Complexes I and II oxidize the electron donors NADH and FADH2, respectively, derived from the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and the electrons are transferred to the electron carrier ubiquinone which shuttles them to Complex III. Cytochrome c transfers electrons between Complex III and the terminal complex in the respiratory chain, Complex IV. Complex IV catalyzes electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to oxygen. Complex I, II and IV couple electron transfer to proton transport across the inner mitochondrial membrane into the inner membrane space. This generates a proton electrochemical gradient which is used to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate by ATP synthase (Complex V). (Adapted from PMID:23356252 and PMID:11331900.)

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Flavoprotein (FP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q). Maintaining electron transport chain function is required to prevent neurodegenerative changes seen in both early- and late-onset disorders.

(UniProt, Q94523)

Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)

Sdh: Succinic dehydrogenase

The structural gene for succinic dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.99.1). Null mutations are homozygous lethal and lethal in heteroallelic combinations; however clones of homozygous cells survive and develop normally. Detected in clones by a cytochemical test for enzyme activity; cell autonomous with low perdurance; an excellent cell marker.

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\SdhA for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q94523)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.51

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

SdhA-RA

FBtr0086553

NM_057862

2750

661

SdhA-RB

FBtr0086552

NM_166343

2617

661

SdhA-RC

FBtr0086554

NM_166344

2663

661

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

SdhA-PA

FBpp0085737

72.3

661

7.12

FBpp0085736

72.3

661

7.12

FBpp0085738

72.3

661

7.12

Q94523

NP_725882

AAN16127

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

661 aa isoforms: SdhA-PA, SdhA-PB, SdhA-PC

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Component of complex II composed of four subunits: a flavoprotein (FP), an iron-sulfur protein (IP), and a cytochrome b composed of a large and a small subunit.

(UniProt, Q94523)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Q94523

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\SdhA using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

SdhA_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

1.34

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

anterior midgut primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

dorsal pharyngeal muscle primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

esophageal visceral muscle primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

posterior midgut primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

somatic muscle primordium

Comment: reported as muscle system primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

trunk visceral muscle primordium

Comment: reported as muscle system primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

wandering third instar larval stage

wing pouch | restricted

(Molnar et al., 2012)

wing hinge primordium | restricted

(Molnar et al., 2012)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

day 5 of adulthood | male -- day 7 of adulthood | male

spermatozoon

(Wasbrough et al., 2010, Dorus et al., 2006)

day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood

adult heart

(Cammarato et al., 2011)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in mitochondrion

inferred from high throughput direct assay

(Alonso et al., 2005)

part_of respiratory chain complex II (succinate dehydrogenase)

inferred from direct assay

(Murari et al., 2021)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\SdhA in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\SdhA

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\SdhA

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0261439

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

37228/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0261439

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0017539

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0261439

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG17246

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 18 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 6 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of SdhA

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of SdhA

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 0 )

Inferred from location ( 2 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PU

SdhA^KK101728

lethal | heat sensitive

SdhA⁸

lethal | recessive

lethal | recessive | heat sensitive

SdhA⁸

lethal - all die during first instar larval stage | recessive

SdhA^LA374

viable

SdhA²

viable, with Scer\GAL4^nSyb.PS

SdhA^KK101728

viable, with Scer\GAL4^repo.PU

SdhA^KK101728

viable (with SdhA²)

viable (with SdhA³)

SdhA²

viable (with SdhA⁴)

SdhA²

viable (with SdhA⁵)

SdhA²

viable (with SdhA⁶)

SdhA²

viable (with SdhA⁷)

SdhA²

viable (with SdhA⁸)

SdhA²

Sterility

Allele

male fertile, with Scer\GAL4^nanos.PG

SdhA^VSH330053

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal neurophysiology | adult stage

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

eye photoreceptor cell | somatic clone

mitochondrion & eye photoreceptor cell | somatic clone

SdhA¹¹¹⁰

ommatidium | somatic clone

SdhA¹¹¹⁰

ovariole, with Scer\GAL4^bab1-Pgal4-2

SdhA^KK101728

ovariole, with Scer\GAL4^tj.PU

SdhA^KK101728

photoreceptor cell R7

SdhA^LA374

photoreceptor cell R8

SdhA^LA374

retina | somatic clone

SdhA¹¹¹⁰

rhabdomere | somatic clone

SdhA¹¹¹⁰

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (1)

Hsap\SDHA

14 of 14

Yes

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)

Rnor\Sdha

14 of 14

Yes

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (1)

Mmus\Sdha

13 of 14

Yes

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (2)

Xtro\sdha

11 of 13

Yes

Xtro\ap1b1

1 of 13

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (1)

Drer\sdha

14 of 14

Yes

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (3)

Cele\sdha-1

14 of 14

Yes

Cele\sdha-2

14 of 14

Yes

Cele\F48E8.3

2 of 14

Yes

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP010429

12 of 12

Yes

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (3)

Atha\SDH1-1

13 of 13

Yes

Atha\SDH1-2

12 of 13

Yes

Atha\AO

4 of 13

Yes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (4)

Scer\SDH1

12 of 13

Yes

Scer\SDH9

12 of 13

Yes

Scer\FRD1

2 of 13

Yes

Scer\OSM1

2 of 13

Yes

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (2)

Spom\sdh1

12 of 12

Yes

Spom\osm1

2 of 12

Yes

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (3)

Ecol\sdhA

10 of 11

Yes

Ecol\frdA

4 of 11

Yes

Ecol\nadB

2 of 11

Yes

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:SdhA. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)

SdhAL

11 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

mitochondrial complex II deficiency, nuclear type 1

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

SdhA¹¹¹⁰

model of mitochondrial complex II deficiency

CEA

(Mast et al., 2008)

SdhA¹⁴⁰⁴

model of mitochondrial complex II deficiency

CEA

(Mast et al., 2008)

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 3 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

SDHA; succinate dehydrogenase complex flavoprotein subunit A

model of mitochondrial complex II deficiency

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of dilated cardiomyopathy 1GG

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndrome 5

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

SdhA⁵

ameliorates Parkinson's disease 2

modeled by park²⁵

(O'Hanlon et al., 2022)

SdhA¹¹¹⁰

exacerbates Parkinson's disease 2

modeled by park²⁵

(O'Hanlon et al., 2022)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

SDHA; succinate dehydrogenase complex flavoprotein subunit A

14 of 14

600857

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

RNA-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

SdhA - smg

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, primer specific pcr

(Chartier et al., 2015)

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

SdhA - CG14036

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SdhA - CG1532

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SdhA - CG18789

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SdhA - Ccs

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SdhA - SdhB

blue native page, peptide massfingerprinting

(Rahman et al., 2014)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Component of complex II composed of four subunits: a flavoprotein (FP), an iron-sulfur protein (IP), and a cytochrome b composed of a large and a small subunit.

(UniProt, Q94523 )

Linkouts

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0261439

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

37228

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

TRICARBOXYLIC ACID (TCA) CYCLE
OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION

External Links

FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Class of Gene

gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

2-89

Cytogenetic map

56D3-56D3

Sequence location

2R:19,391,863..19,395,971 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

56D3-56D3

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}ena⁰²⁰²⁹&P{lacW}cora^k08713 and P{lacW}hts^k06121

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

56D1-56D1

(Caggese, 1996.10.24)

56D1-56D2

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Caggese et al., 1999)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-89

(FlyBase, 2016, Lawrence, 1981)

2-94.5

(Comeron et al., 2012)

(Caggese, 1996.10.24)

Left of (cM)

(Lawrence, 1981)

Right of (cM)

(Lawrence, 1981)

M(2)53

(Lawrence, 1981)

Notes

Mapping based on heat-labile succinate dehydrogenase phenotype of SdhA¹ animals.

(Lawrence, 1981)

Mapping based on 199 M(2)53-bw recombinants.

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (17)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

94884

cn¹ SdhA²

43481

w^*; P{GSV1}SdhA^s-153.1

22087

w¹¹¹⁸; P{EPg}SdhA^HP21216/CyO

94885

Adc^b-1 pr¹ SdhA⁷/CyO

51659

SdhA¹¹¹⁰/CyO, P{GAL4-Kr.C}DC3, P{UAS-GFP.S65T}DC7

81120

SdhA¹⁴⁰⁴/CyO, P{GAL4-Kr.C}DC3, P{UAS-GFP.S65T}DC7

1563

cn¹ SdhA⁵ bw¹ speck¹/CyO

97635

y¹ w^*; TI{CRIMIC.TG4.0}SdhA^{CR02833-TG4.0}/SM6a

76447

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TKO.GS00620}attP40

17246R-2

v330053

v110440

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (19)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (109)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

GH13919

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0261439

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0261439

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Murari et al., 2020)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: Sdh Scs-fp

(Mast et al., 2008)

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (26)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

2R1

(Bellen, 2020.5.15)

DHSA

(Caggese et al., 2006)

SDH

(Yi et al., 2021, Prasad and Muralidhara, 2014)

SDHA

(Meyer et al., 2024, Zhang et al., 2024)

Scs-fp

(Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Tiefenböck et al., 2010, Langille and Clark, 2007, Caggese et al., 2006, Dorus et al., 2006, Alonso et al., 2005, Tripoli et al., 2005)

Sdh

(Mahanta et al., 2025, de la Cova et al., 2014)

Sdh A

(Kanda et al., 2011)

Sdha

(Takács-Vellai et al., 2021, Drelon et al., 2018, Ling and Salvaterra, 2011)

dSDHA

(Murari et al., 2022, Murari et al., 2020)

scs-fp

(Comas et al., 2004)

sdh

(Lerner et al., 2015, Denholm et al., 2003, Fyrberg et al., 1994, Lawrence, 1981)

sdhA

(Fan et al., 2019)

Name Synonyms

COMPLEX II: flavoprotein subunit

(Porcelli et al., 2007)

SUCCINYL COENZIME A SYNTHETASE FLAVOPROTEIN SUBUNIT

(Alonso et al., 2005)

Succinate dehydrogenase

(Feng et al., 2015)

Succinate dehydrogenase A

(McEachern et al., 2014, Ling and Salvaterra, 2011)

Succinate dehydrogenase Flavoprotein

(Porcelli et al., 2007)

Succinate dehydrogenase Flavoprotein subunit

(Tripoli et al., 2005)

Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit

(Caggese et al., 2006)

Succinate dehydrogenase, subunit A (flavoprotein)

(Porcelli and Marygold, 2014.9.16)

Succinyl coenzyme A synthetase flavoprotein subunit

(Jaspers et al., 2012, Cammarato et al., 2011)

succinate dehydrogenase

(Park et al., 2018, de la Cova et al., 2014, Celotto et al., 2011)

succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein subunit

(Mast et al., 2008, Caggese, 1996.10.24)

succinyl CoA synthetase flavoprotein subunit of complex II

(Tiefenböck et al., 2010)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0003347
FBgn0017539

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 62 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

37228

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q94523

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q94523

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q94523

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0261439

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

37228/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0261439

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0261439

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG17246

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

37228

Linkouts

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0261439

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0261439

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0261439

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

SdhA_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0017539

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0261439

FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG17246

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0261439

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC006271

KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

37228

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.

References (124)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

1.34

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