FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Allele: Dmel\rdgB9
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\rdgB9
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
FlyBase ID
FBal0014486
Feature type
allele
Associated gene
Associated Insertion(s)
Carried in Construct
Also Known As
rdgBKS222
Key Links
Genomic Maps

Allele class
Nature of the Allele
Allele class
Progenitor genotype
Cytology
Description

The premature stop codon is within the PITP domain.

Amino acid replacement: Q147term.

Mutations Mapped to the Genome
Curation Data
Type
Location
Additional Notes
References
Nucleotide change:

C13769167T

Amino acid change:

Q147term | rdgB-PA; Q147term | rdgB-PB; Q147term | rdgB-PC; Q147term | rdgB-PD; Q147term | rdgB-PE; Q147term | rdgB-PF; Q147term | rdgB-PG; Q147term | rdgB-PH; Q147term | rdgB-PI; Q147term | rdgB-PJ; Q147term | rdgB-PK

Reported amino acid change:

Q147term

Comment:

Site of nucleotide substitution in mutant inferred by FlyBase based on reported amino acid change.

Variant Molecular Consequences
Associated Sequence Data
DNA sequence
Protein sequence
 
Expression Data
Reporter Expression
Additional Information
Statement
Reference
 
Marker for
Reflects expression of
Reporter construct used in assay
Human Disease Associations
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Disease
Evidence
References
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Disease
Interaction
References
Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
 
Disease-implicated variant(s)
 
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
Phenotype Manifest In
Detailed Description
Statement
Reference

rdgB9 adults show decreased retinal electrical response to green light (decreased amplitude), compared to controls.

rdgB9 adults exhibit progressive retinal degeneration (with substantial loss of rhabdomere integrity) under constant dark condition, a reduced electroretinogram amplitude and a reduced rate of PIP2 and PI4P recovery.

Dark-reared rdgB9 adults exhibit a reduction in the endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact site density in outer photoreceptors at eclosion.

rdgB9 homozygotes exhibit a severe decrease in electroretinogram peak amplitude, a decrease in light sensitivity and severe retinal degeneration in individuals exposed to 12 h:12 h light-dark regime, as compared to controls.

Compared to wild type, rdgB9 photoreceptors produce a very small receptor potential in response to light. rdgB9 mutants show light-dependent retinal degeneration.

rdgB9 mutant adults display progressive degeneration phenotype of rhabdomeres in peripheral photoreceptors, which are completely lost by day 5 post-eclosion, whereas the central UV-sensitive photoreceptor is spared. 1-day-old (i.e. prior to the onset of detectable retinal degeneration) rdgB9 adults show significantly decreased electroretinogram amplitude (the reduction is more pronounced in flies that had been exposed to light than those kept in darkness until testing) as well as reduced sensitivity to light of increasing intensity compared to wild-type.

rdgB9 flies undergo age-dependent loss of the rhabdomeres; 6 day-old-flies that have been raised under a light/dark cycle have few rhabdomeres left.

Electroretinograms show that, 1 day after eclosion, rdgB9 mutants do not respond appropriately to light stimulus even though retinal degeneration is not obvious. Retinal degeneration is apparent in 3-day old rdgB9 mutant eyes: rhabdomeres are decreased in size and vacuolation has increased. 7 days after eclosion, ommatidial architecture is completely destroyed in rdgB9 mutant eyes.

Response of rdgB9 photoreceptors to moderate flashes of light are indistinguishable from wild type under control conditions, providing the flies are strictly dark reared. Quantum bumps are indistinguishable from wild type. Mutant photoreceptors exposed to La3+ show no recovery after a light stimulus of sufficient intensity and duration to induce complete decay, in contrast to wild type (which recover within about 90 seconds). In the absence of La3+ the same light stimulus usually results in responses which fail to terminate, leaving channels constitutively activated. Relatively dim flashes repeated at 30 second intervals in a Ca2+ free solution result in an exponential and irreversible reduction in sensitivity in mutant photoreceptors (in wild type the response recovers fully between flashes).

10 day old rdgB9 flies raised in a 12 hour light:dark cycle show massive retinal degeneration, and completely lack photoreceptors and rhabdomeres R1-R6. The electroretinogram light response amplitude is reduced compared to wild-type and the off transient is absent.

Third instar foraging larvae show negative photobehaviour indistinguishable from the wild-type response to light. Third instar larvae show a decrease in negative phototaxis from the onset of wandering culminating in random photobehaviour indistinguishable from the response of wild-type larvae.

Flies retain large, regular rhabdomeres and exhibit a few holes in their retina if maintained in the dark for over one week. After a week at 12h light dark cycles rhabdomeres become very small and irregular in shape and many holes appear in the retina. rdgB9; P{DGq2-203} lines show no gross histological changes in their retinas after one week in the dark. rdgB9; P{DGq1-203} lines show signs of degeneration, small irregular rhabdomeres and holes in the retina.

Application of calcium channel blockers to eyes over a 7 day period largely inhibit light-dependent degeneration of photoreceptor cells.

Abnormal olfactory behaviour. EAG defect.

Microvilli of degenerating rhabdomeres separate and collapse and the detritus they generate is immunopositive to anti-actin.

Rhabdomeres R1-R6 degenerate in flies exposed to light or phorbol esters. Early stages of degeneration are characterised by the appearance of vesicles between the microvilli, phagocytotic vacuoles in the cytoplasm, and partial internalisation of the whole rhabdomere into the cytoplasm. Later, shedding of the rhabdomeres is observed. Rhabdomeres R7 and R8 remain intact.

Photoreceptor degeneration is induced by light stimulation.

The ocelli are normal in 3 week old flies.

The retina appears fairly normal in newly emerged flies but degenerates with age, particularly the R1-R6 receptors. The lamina is striated into neat cartridges in the newly emerged fly, but appears degenerate and disorganised in older flies. The medulla appears relatively normal at all ages from newly emerged to 3 week old flies. R1-R6 photopigment levels are one-third to one-half of normal in newly emerged flies, and decline within a week to undetectable levels.

Receptor mutant. Orientation effect is almost absent in the fixation Y-maze.

Photoreceptor cells R7 and R8 are normal. Newly emerged mutant flies have a normal peripheral retina and normal optic neuropiles. By 3 days after eclosion the soma of only one peripheral photoreceptor cell per ommatidium usually shows degenerative ultrastructural changes; the cytoplasm is filled with electron dense bodies, residual bodies, secondary lysosomes, liposomes and an electron dense network immediately beneath the rhabdomere, which appears to be composed of aggregated ribosomes. Strands of microvillar membrane appear to detach from the rhabdomere and partly autophaged mitochondria are seen. The axon terminals of these cells are very degenerate. At one week after eclosion an electron dense meshwork pervades the entire cell, and few if any cytoplasmic organelles can be recognised. At this time, most R1-R6 photoreceptor cells and their axons are degenerate. Lamina interneurons do not show any transsynaptic degeneration, but have a larger diameter than normal, and are misaligned. By three weeks after eclosion only amorphous, dense, vacuolated vestiges of the peripheral photoreceptor cells remain. Epithelial glia have multiplied and filled in any gaps in the lamina ganglionaris produced by the degenerating R1-R6 axons.

Flies show light-induced inactivation and degeneration of photoreceptor cells R1-R6. Flies do not show phototaxis in response to extremely dim light stimuli.

Retinal degeneration is occurring by 24 hours after eclosion in mutant flies kept in the light and at 72 hours degeneration is well underway in almost all mutant flies. No retinal degeneration is seen in 5 day old flies kept in darkness at 18oC. Dark-to-light shifts indicate that it is the adult photoreceptor cell that is sensitive to light induced degeneration. Mosaic analysis indicates that the degeneration defects are autonomous to the retina. Retinal degeneration in constant light or in darkness is temperature sensitive. Photoreceptors R7 and R8 are preserved in almost every ommatidium in 7 day old mutant flies. The electroretinogram (ERG) of 7 day old flies shows reduced receptor potentials and the absence of on-transients. The prolonged depolarising afterpotential produced by exposing dark raised mutant flies to intense 470nm light is abnormal and results in the photoreceptors becoming completely unresponsive to light.

External Data
Interactions
Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Enhanced by
Statement
Reference
NOT Enhanced by
Statement
Reference
Suppressed by
NOT suppressed by
Statement
Reference
Suppressor of
Statement
Reference
Phenotype Manifest In
Enhanced by
NOT Enhanced by
Statement
Reference

rdgB9 has retina | conditional phenotype, non-enhanceable by sktlΔ20

rdgB9 has retina | conditional phenotype, non-enhanceable by PIP4K29

Suppressed by
Statement
Reference

rdgB9 has retina phenotype, suppressible by pnut[+]/pnutXP

rdgB9 has rhabdomere phenotype, suppressible by PisninaE.PW

rdgB9 has retina phenotype, suppressible by norpAsu76

rdgB9 has retina phenotype, suppressible by norpAsu68

rdgB9 has retina phenotype, suppressible by norpAsu99

rdgB9 has retina phenotype, suppressible by ninaEsu71

rdgB9 has retina phenotype, suppressible by stops69

rdgB9 has retina phenotype, suppressible by su(rdgB)8282

rdgB9 has retina phenotype, suppressible by Su(rdgB)8383

rdgB9 has retina phenotype, suppressible by stops102

rdgB9 has retina phenotype, suppressible by stops103

rdgB9 has retina phenotype, suppressible by stops104

rdgB9 has retina phenotype, suppressible by Su(rdgB)116116

rdgB9 has eye photoreceptor cell phenotype, suppressible by trp1

rdgB9 has ommatidium phenotype, suppressible by trp1

rdgB9 has phenotype, suppressible by norpAsuII

rdgB9 has phenotype, suppressible by norpAsuIII

rdgB9 has phenotype, suppressible by norpAsuI

NOT suppressed by
Statement
Reference

rdgB9 has retina phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4ninaE.PD/PldUAS.cLa

rdgB9 has eye photoreceptor cell phenotype, non-suppressible by inaC2

rdgB9 has ommatidium phenotype, non-suppressible by inaC2

rdgB9 has phenotype, non-suppressible by HdcJK910

Suppressor of
Statement
Reference

rdgB9 is a suppressor of retina phenotype of pnutXP

Other
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement
Reference

rdgB9 Esyt2KO exhibit substantially greater rhabdomeral degeneration than rdgB9 when flies are reared for 2 days under conditions of 12-h L/D cycle.

PIP5K59B18, but not sktlΔ20 or PIP4K29, exacerbates the reduced electrical response to light and retinal degeneration phenotypes of rdgB9.

The progressive retinal degeneration as well as reduced electroretinogram amplitude characteristic for rdgB9 mutant adults cannot be suppressed by expression of vibUbi.PG.

Expression of CG11426Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP under the control of Scer\GAL4ninaE.PT enhances the photoreceptor degeneration seen in rdgB9 flies.

laza22 slows the rate of photoreceptor degeneration seen in rdgB9 flies.

The degeneration of rhabdomeres in rdgB9 flies is greatly suppressed by expression of PisninaE.PW.

Expression of PldScer\UAS.cLa under the control of Scer\GAL4ninaE.PD suppresses the defective light response phenotype of 1 day-old rdgB9 mutants.

The retinal degeneration phenotype observed upon expression of PldScer\UAS.cLa under the control of Scer\GAL4ninaE.PD when flies are raised under continuous light for 1 or 3 days is suppressed in a rdgB9 mutant background. Conversely, expression of PldScer\UAS.cLa under the control of Scer\GAL4ninaE.PD does not prevent or slow the rate of retinal degeneration seen in rdgB9 flies.

The retinal degeneration phenotype of rdgB9 flies is suppressed by norpAsu76, norpAsu68, norpAsu99, ninaEsu71, su(rdgB)6969, su(rdgB)8282, Su(rdgB)8383, su(rdgB)69102, su(rdgB)69103, su(rdgB)69104, or Su(rdgB)116116. inaC2 does not significantly alter the deep pseudopupil loss of rdgB9 flies and fails to suppress the photoreceptor degeneration and ommatidial disorganisation seen in these flies at 6 days after eclosion. trp1 does not slow the initiation of deep pseudopupil loss of rdgB9 flies, but dramatically suppresses photoreceptor degeneration and ommatidial disorganisation in these flies.

The initial photopigment level is increased and then decreases more slowly in rdgB9 flies also carrying norpA56 or norpA7. The retinal degeneration phenotype is inhibited by norpA56.

Acph-1n11 does not prevent, but delays, the retinal degeneration seen in rdgB9 flies. rdgB9 ort1 double mutants do not show degeneration of photoreceptor cells at 18oC even after 20 days in constant light. However, at 25oC they do show degeneration after about 10 days, independent of light condition. norpA7 rdgB9 double mutants have normal looking R1-6 photoreceptors even after 20 days in constant light at 18oC. Retinal degeneration in rdgB9 flies is not suppressed by HdcJK910. norpA55 rdgB9 double mutants have almost no electroretinogram receptor potential and do not show retinal degeneration. norpA56 rdgB9 double mutants have a normal electroretinogram but do not show retinal degeneration.

Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement
Reference

After a light stimulus just sufficient to induce decay, the photoreceptor cell IRK current is suppressed in rdgB9 flies expressing Hsap\KCNJ2Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP under the control of Scer\GAL4ninaE.PT (as occurs in a rdgB+ background), but the current recovers at most about 50% over a period of several minutes (in flies expressing Hsap\KCNJ2Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP under the control of Scer\GAL4ninaE.PT in a rdgB+ background full recovery with a half-time of about 30 seconds is seen).

Complementation and Rescue Data
Partially rescued by
Comments

The severe decrease in electroretinogram peak amplitude observed in rdgB9 homozygotes is fully rescued by the expression of rdgBScer\UAS.cYa or rdgBPITPd.Scer\UAS, is partially rescued by the expression of rdgBFF-AA.Scer\UAS, and is not rescued by the expression of rdgBFFD-AAA.Scer\UAS (expression under the control of Scer\GAL4ninaE.PU).

The severe retinal degeneration observed in rdgB9 homozygotes exposed to 12 h:12 h light-dark regime is fully and partially rescued by the expression of rdgBScer\UAS.cYa and rdgBFF-AA.Scer\UAS, respectively, under the control of under the control of Scer\GAL4ninaE.PU.

The decreased light sensitivity observed in rdgB9 homozygotes is fully rescued by the expression of rdgBScer\UAS.cYa and partially rescued by the expression of rdgBFF-AA.Scer\UAS or rdgBPITPd.Scer\UAS. This decreased light sensitivity is also fully rescued by the expression of either rdgBScer\UAS.cYa or rdgBPITPd.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4GMR.PF.

The progressive retinal degeneration, reduced electroretinogram amplitude and sensitivity to light of increasing intensity characteristic for rdgB9 mutant adults can be fully rescued by expression of either rdgBScer\UAS.cYa or rdgBPITP.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4ninaE.PU.

The progressive retinal degeneration as well as reduced electroretinogram amplitude characteristic for rdgB9 mutant adults cannot be rescued by expression of any of the following: rdgBT59A.PITP.Scer\UAS, rdgBT59E.PITP.Scer\UAS, rdgBPITP.K61A.Scer\UAS, rdgBPITP.N90F.Scer\UAS, rdgBK61A.Scer\UAS or rdgBYW-AA.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4ninaE.PU.

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Mutant
Wild-type
Stocks (1)
Notes on Origin
Discoverer
Comments
Comments

Alleles can be ranked with respect to how much R7 and R8 are affected in each mutant; rdgB5 > rdgB7 > rdgB6 = rdgB8 > rdgB1 = rdgB9.

No genetic or interallelic interaction with rdgC306.

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )
Synonyms and Secondary IDs (4)
References (39)