FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\Syt1[N13]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Syt1^N13

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0035747

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\Syt1

Associated Insertion(s)

P{5'lacW}Syt1^N13

Carried in Construct

Also Known As

Df(2L)N13, syt^N13

Key Links

Allele class

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

Mutagen

Delta2-3 transposase

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Littleton et al., 1994)

Mutagen

Delta2-3 transposase

(Littleton and Bellen, 1994)

Progenitor genotype

Syt1^T77

(Littleton and Bellen, 1994, Littleton et al., 1994)

Associated Insertion(s)

P{5'lacW}Syt1^N13

Cytology

Description

Deletes 3'region of the syt^T77 insertion and a small portion of the genomic DNA encoding the 5' part of the syt transcript.

(Littleton and Bellen, 1994)

Imprecise excision of the P{lacW} insertion.

(Littleton et al., 1994)

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

abnormal locomotor rhythm | larval stage (with Syt1^AD4)

(Adolfsen et al., 2004)

abnormal neurophysiology

(Yoshihara and Littleton, 2002)

abnormal neurophysiology (with Syt1^AD1)

(Yoshihara and Littleton, 2002)

abnormal neurophysiology (with Syt1^AD3)

(Yoshihara and Littleton, 2002)

abnormal neurophysiology (with Syt1^AD4)

(Saraswati et al., 2007, Poskanzer et al., 2006, Adolfsen et al., 2004, Yoshihara and Littleton, 2002)

abnormal neurophysiology (with Syt1^AD4), with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^B-D3.4N.UAS

(Poskanzer et al., 2006)

abnormal neurophysiology (with Syt1^AD4), with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155, Syt1^{C2A*-C2B*.UAS}

(Lee et al., 2013)

abnormal neurophysiology (with Syt1^AD4), with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155, Syt1^{C2B-C2B.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Lee et al., 2013)

abnormal neurophysiology | embryonic stage (with Syt1^AD4)

(Yoshihara et al., 2010)

abnormal neurophysiology | embryonic stage (with Syt1^AD4), with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^B-D3.4N.UAS

(Yoshihara et al., 2010)

abnormal neurophysiology | embryonic stage (with Syt1^AD4), with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^{C2A-D3.4N.UAS}

(Yoshihara et al., 2010)

abnormal neurophysiology | larval stage (with Syt1^AD4)

(Guan et al., 2020, Montes-Chinea et al., 2018)

abnormal neurophysiology | larval stage (with Syt1^AD4), with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155, Syt1^UAS.Tag:MYC

(Montes-Chinea et al., 2018)

abnormal neurophysiology | third instar larval stage (with Syt1^AD4)

(Lee et al., 2013)

lethal (with Df(2L)C144)

(Kahsai et al., 2016)

lethal - all die before end of larval stage (with Syt1^AD4)

(Adolfsen et al., 2004)

majority die during larval stage (with Syt1^AD4)

(Guan et al., 2020)

majority die during larval stage (with Syt1^AD4), with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155, Syt1^UAS.Tag:MYC

(Montes-Chinea et al., 2018)

partially lethal (with Syt1^AD4)

(Montes-Chinea et al., 2018)

partially lethal - majority die (with Syt1^AD4)

(Guan et al., 2020)

partially lethal - majority die (with Syt1^AD4), with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155, Syt1^UAS.Tag:MYC

(Montes-Chinea et al., 2018)

short lived (with Syt1^AD4)

(Guan et al., 2020)

some die during larval stage (with Syt1^AD4)

(Montes-Chinea et al., 2018)

some die during P-stage (with Syt1^AD4)

(Guan et al., 2020)

some die during third instar larval stage (with Syt1^AD4)

(Adolfsen et al., 2004)

uncoordinated (with Syt1^AD4)

(Saraswati et al., 2007)

uncoordinated | adult stage (with Syt1^AD4)

(Guan et al., 2020)

Phenotype Manifest In

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 transheterozygous larvae exhibit synaptic transmission defects across neuromuscular junctions, including severely defective synchronous neurotransmitter release, a large increase in failure rate following stimulation, and enhancement of the slower asynchronous phase of release. These defects are enhanced upon the expression of Syt1^{I426K.UAS.Tag:MYC} under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav-C155.

(Montes-Chinea et al., 2018)

Nerve-evoked excitatory junction potentials (eEJPs) at third instar NMJs are absent in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 mutants at either low (0.2mM) or high (1.0mM) external Ca[2+].

The frequency of spontaneous neurotransmitter release, as measured by mEJPs at third instar NMJs, is slightly but significantly increased in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 mutants at low (0.2mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2A*-C2B*.Scer\UAS} in a Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 background results in spontaneous neurotransmitter release frequency (measured as mEJPs) at third instar NMJs far beyond the levels observed in controls.

Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 third instar larvae display a reduction in docked synaptic vesicles as well as a reduced vesicle density at type 1b boutons.

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2B-C2B.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1} in a Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 background results in significantly enhanced spontaneous neurotransmitter release amplitude (measured as mEJPs) at third instar NMJs above the levels observed in controls.

(Lee et al., 2013)

Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 hatching stage embryos lack the synchronous component of release when evoked release properties are recorded from muscle 6 following motor nerve stimulation in 4mM extracellular Ca[2+]. In contrast, a slower asynchronous release is uncovered. Total synaptic charge transfer following stimulation (reflecting the number of released vesicles) is reduced by 97.5% in the mutant synapses.

Expression of Syt1^{C2A-D3.4N.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 embryos results in similar levels of evoked release and total charge transfer as wild-type controls when evoked release properties are recorded from muscle 6 following motor nerve stimulation in 4mM extracellular Ca[2+]. However, the asynchronous release seen in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 embryos is even more prominent in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 embryos expressing Syt1^{C2A-D3.4N.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu. Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 embryos expressing Syt1^{C2A-D3.4N.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu show an enhanced rate of spontaneous release compared to controls.

At lower Ca[2+] concentrations, recordings from muscle 6 following motor nerve stimulation in embryos expressing Syt1^{C2A-D3.4N.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu in a Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 background have larger synaptic currents than controls, not only in the asynchronous component, but also in synchronous release.

Embryos expressing Syt1^{C2A-D3.4N.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu in a Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 background show a similar level of hypertonic stimulated release as controls.

Expression of Syt1^{B-D3.4N.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu largely suppresses the asynchronous component of release seen in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 embryos when evoked release properties are recorded from muscle 6 following motor nerve stimulation in 4mM extracellular Ca[2+]. Only a small amount of residual synchronous release is seen in these embryos and the total charge transfer is dramatically reduced, similar to Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 embryos. Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 embryos expressing Syt1^{B-D3.4N.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu show an enhanced rate of spontaneous release compared to controls.

Embryos expressing Syt1^{B-D3.4N.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu in a Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 background show a similar level of hypertonic stimulated release as controls.

(Yoshihara et al., 2010)

Evoked neurotransmitter release in Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 animals is characterized by a dramatic reduction in the overall number of vesicle fusion events, compared with controls, and a shift from fast fusion to a slower and prolonged asynchronous release of vesicles. Paired-pulse facilitation is enhanced compared with wild type across all extracellular Ca[2+] levels examined. Similar to wild type, the extent of facilitation in these mutants decreases with increasing interpulse interval. Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 mutants show a 5.6-fold reduction in the absolute number of vesicles released during the second pulse, compared with controls at identical extracellular Ca[2+].

(Saraswati et al., 2007)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 synapses show decreased evoked neurotransmitter release compared to wild-type controls. They also show a significantly slower time constant of endocytosis.

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 synapses contain vesicles with a modest increase in diameter when at rest. After stimulation, there is a dramatic further increase in average vesicle diameter. Inspection of individual active zones demonstrates that vesicular structures with diameters greater than 10nm are observed throughout the vesicle cluster, both at the active zone and periactive zone region. The retrieval of abnormally large vesicles is on going at a time when most endocytosis has been completed in controls.

There is no difference in τ values in Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13; Syt1^KQ.Scer\UAS Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu flies in response to a 50Hz, 10s stimulus, indicating that endocytosis rate is normal at Syt1^KQ.Scer\UAS synapses.

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13; Syt1^KQ.Scer\UAS Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu synapses at rest have a mean vesicle diameter equivalent to controls. Following stimulation, however, they show a significant further increase in mean vesicle diameter. Vesicles with diameters in excess of 80nm are observed.

Following a 50 Hz, 10 s stimulus, the peak ΔF/F SpH change in Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13; Syt1^{B-D3.4N.Scer\UAS} Scer\GAL4^elav.PLuflies is reduced compared to controls, which agrees with prior electrophysiological demonstration of a decrease in evoked release. A slowed endocytosis rate constant is found at Syt1^{B-D3.4N.Scer\UAS} rescue synapses, with an average endocytic value that is more than 2-fold slower than controls. Increasing the Ca[2+] concentration speeds the rate of endocytosis, although not to control levels.

There is no difference in τ values in Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13; Syt1^Scer\UAS.cMa Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu flies in response to a 50Hz, 10s stimulus.

There is no difference in the endocytic rate in Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13; Syt1^{D229N.Scer\UAS} Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu flies compared to controls. There is also no change in mean vesicle diameter comparing rest and post-stimulation conditions.

(Poskanzer et al., 2006)

syt^AD4/syt^N13 null mutants exhibit dramatically slow larval locomotion. In addition to a decrease in distance travelled and locomotor cycle number, syt^AD4/syt^N13 mutants display an increase in the duration of a single locomotor cycle from 1 second to approximately 6 seconds. Synaptic transmission is severely decreased in syt^AD4/syt^N13 mutants, which show the characteristic slow rise and decay reflecting asynchronous release and a loss of the synchronous component of fusion.

(Adolfsen et al., 2004)

Synchronous release following stimulation of the neuromuscular junction is abolished in syt^AD4/syt^N13 mutants, with the appearance of residual delayed release that is not seen in controls. The population time constant for delayed release latencies is 115ms in the syt^AD4/syt^N13 mutants, compared to less than 6ms for synchronous release in wild type. Asynchronous release in syt^AD4/syt^N13 mutants shows a steep Ca²⁺ dependence. Release during repetitive stimulation at the syt^AD4/syt^N13 neuromuscular junction is asynchronous to nerve stimulation. The frequency of spontaneous miniature synaptic currents at the embryonic syt^AD4/syt^N13 neuromuscular junction is not increased compared to wild type. syt^AD1/syt^N13 mutants show synchronous release following stimulation of the neuromuscular junction, although it is greatly reduced compared to controls. The cooperative Ca²⁺ dependence of synchronous release is abolished. Although the absolute number of asynchronous release events is reduced in syt^AD1/syt^N13 mutants, the time constant for the remaining delayed release events is unchanged. The total number of vesicles release during repetitive stimulation at the syt^AD1/syt^N13 neuromuscular junction is reduced approximately twofold compared to wild type, but the quantal content is reduced more than 100-fold. The frequency of spontaneous miniature synaptic currents at the embryonic syt^AD1/syt^N13 neuromuscular junction is not increased compared to wild type. No asynchronous release following stimulation of the neuromuscular junction is seen in syt^AD3/syt^N13 mutants. The quantal content of synchronous release is reduced more than 10-fold, although the Ca²⁺ cooperativity is not altered compared to wild type. The total number of vesicles release during repetitive stimulation at the syt^AD3/syt^N13 neuromuscular junction is reduced approximately twofold compared to wild type, but the quantal content is reduced more than 10-fold. The frequency of spontaneous miniature synaptic currents at the embryonic syt^AD3/syt^N13 neuromuscular junction is not increased compared to wild type. The quantal content of nerve evoked release at the neuromuscular junction is reduced in heterozygotes compared to controls.

(Yoshihara and Littleton, 2002)

No obvious morphological defects.

(Littleton and Bellen, 1994)

Transheterozygote combinations with other syt alleles are lethal.

(Littleton et al., 1994)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 has increased mortality during development phenotype, enhanceable by Syt7^M1/Syt7^M1

(Guan et al., 2020)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 has abnormal neurophysiology | larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by Syt7^M1/Syt7^M1

(Guan et al., 2020)

NOT Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 has abnormal neurophysiology phenotype, non-enhanceable by Syt4^BA1

(Saraswati et al., 2007)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 has uncoordinated phenotype, non-enhanceable by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt7^RNAi.UAS

(Saraswati et al., 2007)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 has lethal | third instar larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Syt7^UAS.cAa/Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

(Adolfsen et al., 2004)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 has lethal | third instar larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt4^UAS.cLa

(Adolfsen et al., 2004)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 has lethal | third instar larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt4^UAS.cLa/Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(Adolfsen et al., 2004)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 has abnormal locomotor rhythm | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt4^UAS.cLa

(Adolfsen et al., 2004)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 has abnormal locomotor rhythm | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt4^UAS.cLa/Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(Adolfsen et al., 2004)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 has abnormal neurophysiology phenotype, non-suppressible by Syt7^UAS.cAa/Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

(Adolfsen et al., 2004)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 has abnormal neurophysiology phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt4^UAS.cLa

(Adolfsen et al., 2004)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 has abnormal neurophysiology phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt4^UAS.cLa/Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(Adolfsen et al., 2004)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 has abnormal locomotor rhythm | larval stage phenotype, non-suppressible by Syt7^UAS.cAa/Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

(Adolfsen et al., 2004)

Other

Statement

Reference

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155, Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13, Syt7^RNAi.UAS has lethal | third instar larval stage phenotype

(Saraswati et al., 2007)

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 has embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage phenotype, enhanceable by Syt7^M1/Syt7^M1

(Guan et al., 2020)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Like Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 mutants alone, Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13, Syt4^BA1 double mutants display robust asynchronous release. Paired-pulse facilitation remains intact in the double mutants, with enhanced facilitation as observed in Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 mutants alone. Also similar to Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 mutants alone, the release observed during paired-pulse stimulation in the double mutants remains asynchronous compared to wild type controls.

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 mutants that also express Syt7^{dsRNA.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav-C155 hatch and exhibit uncoordinated and slow movements (similar to Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 mutants alone), but then die during the first larval instar stage.

(Saraswati et al., 2007)

Overexpression of Syt7^Scer\UAS.cAa or SytIV^Scer\UAS.cLa, under the regulation of Scer\GAL4^elav-C155, in a syt^AD4/syt^N13 does not rescue any aspect of the behavioral phenotype. Overexpression of Syt7^Scer\UAS.cAa or SytIV^Scer\UAS.cLa, under the regulation of Scer\GAL4^elav-C155, in a syt^AD4/syt^N13 null mutant background has no effect on the synaptic transmission defects. Only slow release reflecting the asynchronous component of fusion is observed with the evoked EJP unchanged from the null mutant alone. Overexpression of SytIV^Scer\UAS.cLa, under the regulation of both Scer\GAL4^elav-C155 and Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu does not rescue the syt^AD4/syt^N13 phenotype. However, this overexpression does result in a 96% reduction in the expected Mendelian ratios.

(Adolfsen et al., 2004)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Rescued by

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt1^UAS.Tag:MYC

(Montes-Chinea et al., 2018)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt1^C2A-C2B.UAS

(Lee et al., 2013)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt1^C2A*-C2B.UAS

(Lee et al., 2013)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is rescued by Syt1^UAS.cLa/Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(Yoshihara et al., 2010)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is rescued by Syt1^UAS.cMa/Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(Poskanzer et al., 2006)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt1^UAS.cLa

(Adolfsen et al., 2004)

Partially rescued by

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt1^C2A-C2B.UAS

(Lee et al., 2013)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt1^{C2A*-C2B*.UAS}

(Lee et al., 2013)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is partially rescued by Syt1^B-D3.4N.UAS/Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(Yoshihara et al., 2010)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is partially rescued by Syt1^{C2A-D3.4N.UAS}/Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(Yoshihara et al., 2010)

Not rescued by

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt1^{I426K.UAS.Tag:MYC}

(Montes-Chinea et al., 2018)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt1^C2A-C2B*.UAS

(Lee et al., 2013)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt1^{C2A*-C2B*.UAS}

(Lee et al., 2013)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt1^C2A.UAS

(Lee et al., 2013)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt1^C2A*.UAS

(Lee et al., 2013)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt1^C2B.UAS

(Lee et al., 2013)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt1^C2B*.UAS

(Lee et al., 2013)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^elav-C155/Syt1^{C2A-C2A.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Lee et al., 2013)

Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13 is not rescued by Syt1^{C2B-C2B.UAS.Tag:HA}/Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

(Lee et al., 2013)

Comments

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2A-C2B.Scer\UAS} restores synchronous neurotransmitter release (measured as eEJPs) at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals. Partial rescue is seen at low (0.2mM) external Ca[2+], and near full rescue at high (1.0mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2A*-C2B.Scer\UAS} restores synchronous neurotransmitter release (measured as eEJPs) at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals. Near full rescue is seen at both low (0.2mM) and high (1.0mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2A-C2B*.Scer\UAS} fails to restore synchronous neurotransmitter release (measured as eEJPs) at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at either low (0.2mM) or high (1.0mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2A*-C2B*.Scer\UAS} fails to restore synchronous neurotransmitter release (measured as eEJPs) at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at either low (0.2mM) or high (1.0mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^C2A.Scer\UAS fails to restore synchronous neurotransmitter release (measured as eEJPs) at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at high (1.0mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2A*.Scer\UAS} fails to restore synchronous neurotransmitter release (measured as eEJPs) at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at high (1.0mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2A-C2A.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1} fails to restore synchronous neurotransmitter release (measured as eEJPs) at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at high (1.0mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^C2B.Scer\UAS fails to restore synchronous neurotransmitter release (measured as eEJPs) at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at high (1.0mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2B*.Scer\UAS} fails to restore synchronous neurotransmitter release (measured as eEJPs) at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at high (1.0mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2B-C2B.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1} fails to restore synchronous neurotransmitter release (measured as eEJPs) at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at high (1.0mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2A-C2B.Scer\UAS} restores spontaneous neurotransmitter release frequency (measured as mEJPs) to control levels at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at low (0.2mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2A*-C2B.Scer\UAS} restores spontaneous neurotransmitter release frequency (measured as mEJPs) to control levels at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at low (0.2mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2A-C2B*.Scer\UAS} fails to restore spontaneous neurotransmitter release frequency (measured as mEJPs) to control levels at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at low (0.2mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2A*-C2B*.Scer\UAS} fails to restore spontaneous neurotransmitter release frequency (measured as mEJPs) to control levels at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at low (0.2mM) external Ca[2+]. Rather, mEJP frequency is dramatically increased.

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2A-C2B.Scer\UAS} partially rescues the reduction in docked synaptic vesicles and vesicle density at type 1b boutons in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 third instar larvae.

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2A*-C2B*.Scer\UAS} partially rescues the reduction in docked synaptic vesicles and vesicle density at type 1b boutons in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 third instar larvae.

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^C2A.Scer\UAS fails to restore spontaneous neurotransmitter release frequency (measured as mEJPs) to control levels at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at low (0.2mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2A*.Scer\UAS} fails to restore spontaneous neurotransmitter release frequency (measured as mEJPs) to control levels at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at low (0.2mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^C2B.Scer\UAS fails to restore spontaneous neurotransmitter release frequency (measured as mEJPs) to control levels at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at low (0.2mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2B*.Scer\UAS} fails to restore spontaneous neurotransmitter release frequency (measured as mEJPs) to control levels at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at low (0.2mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2A-C2A.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1} fails to restore spontaneous neurotransmitter release frequency (measured as mEJPs) to control levels at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at low (0.2mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2B-C2B.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1} fails to restore spontaneous neurotransmitter release frequency (measured as mEJPs) to control levels at third instar NMJs in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 animals at low (0.2mM) external Ca[2+].

Scer\GAL4^elav-C155-mediated expression of Syt1^{C2B-C2B.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1} fails to rescue the reduction in docked synaptic vesicles and vesicle density, or the increase in vesicle diameter, at type 1b boutons in Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 third instar larvae.

(Lee et al., 2013)

Expression of Syt1^Scer\UAS.cLa under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu completely rescues the defects in the evoked synaptic currents recorded from muscle 6 of Syt1^N13/Syt1^AD4 embryos following motor nerve stimulation in 4mM extracellular Ca[2+]; evoked release is fully synchronous, and few asynchronous release events are seen in the rescued animals.

(Yoshihara et al., 2010)

Transgenic expression of syt^Scer\UAS.cLa (under the regulation of Scer\GAL4^elav-C155) in the null syt^AD4/syt^N13 background is able to partially restore all the behavioral defects observed. Overexpression of syt^Scer\UAS.cLa (under the regulation of Scer\GAL4^elav-C155) is able to restore evoked excitatory junctional potential (EJP) amplitudes to near wild-type levels in syt^AD4/syt^N13 mutants.

(Adolfsen et al., 2004)

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Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (1)

Bloomington

39667

y¹ w^*; P{lacW}B8-2-30 Syt1^N13/In(2LR)Gla, wg^Gla-1 PPO1^Bc

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

Comments

Mutant phenotype can be rescued, when homozygous or in trans to syt^N6, by syt^elav.PD.

(Littleton et al., 1994)

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (7)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

Df(2L)N13

(Adolfsen et al., 2004, Yoshihara and Littleton, 2002, Littleton et al., 1995, Littleton and Bellen, 1994)

Syt 1^N13

(Yoshihara et al., 2010)

Syt1^N13

(Guan et al., 2020, Alicea et al., 2017, Poskanzer et al., 2006)

Syt1N13

(Montes-Chinea et al., 2018)

Syt^N13

(Ugur et al., 2017)

syt1^N13

(Sauvola et al., 2021, Akbergenova et al., 2018, Guan et al., 2017, Ugur et al., 2017, Lee and Littleton, 2015, Lee et al., 2013)

syt^N13

(Saraswati et al., 2007)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (19)

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