FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\Pgi
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Pgi
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Phosphoglucose isomerase
Annotation Symbol
CG8251
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0003074
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
16 publicly available
Enzyme Name (EC)
glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (5.3.1.9)
Gene Summary
Phosphoglucose isomerase (Pgi) encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of glucose 6-phosphate to fructose 6-phosphate. It is involved in the second step of glycolysis, and the reverse reaction during gluconeogenesis. [Date last reviewed: 2024-09-19] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

glucose phosphate isomerase, Gpi

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
44F6-44F6
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-59
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:8910900..8914069
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (11 terms)
Molecular Function (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables glucose-6-phosphate isomerase activity
inferred from direct assay
(Charles and Lee, 1980, Lee et al., 1979)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Eanes et al., 2006)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables carbohydrate derivative binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR046348
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables glucose-6-phosphate isomerase activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001672, InterPro:IPR018189, InterPro:IPR023096
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000157839
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables monosaccharide binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000157839
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Biological Process (7 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in canonical glycolysis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Eanes et al., 2006)
involved_in fructose 6-phosphate metabolic process
inferred from direct assay
(Charles and Lee, 1980)
involved_in glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process
inferred from direct assay
(Charles and Lee, 1980)
involved_in glucose homeostasis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Ugrankar et al., 2015)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in carbohydrate derivative metabolic process
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR046348
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
involved_in gluconeogenesis
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001672, InterPro:IPR018189
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P06745
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000157839
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000157839
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in glycolytic process
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001672, InterPro:IPR018189, InterPro:IPR023096
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000157839
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
(Lee et al., 1979)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in cytosol
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000157839
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Pathway (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the GPI family. (P52029)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
glucose-6-phosphate isomerase activity
alpha-D-glucose 6-phosphate = beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate (5.3.1.9)
RHEA 11816:
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Phosphoglucose isomerase (Pgi) encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of glucose 6-phosphate to fructose 6-phosphate. It is involved in the second step of glycolysis, and the reverse reaction during gluconeogenesis. [Date last reviewed: 2024-09-19]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
INTRAMOLECULAR OXIDOREDUCTASES INTERCONVERTING ALDOSES AND KETOSES -
Intramolecular oxidoreductases interconverting aldoses and ketoses catalyze the oxidation of one part of an aldose or ketose molecule and the concurrent reduction of another part of the same molecule. (Adapted from FBrf0238665.)
Pathway (FlyBase)
GLUCONEOGENESIS -
Gluconeogenesis converts non-carbohydrate precursors such as pyruvate, lactate, alanine, glutamine and glycerol into glucose 6-phosphate (Glc-6P) and plays a crucial role in maintaining sugar homeostasis when dietary carbohydrates are limited. The pathway starts in the mitochondrion with the production of oxaloacetate which, via a series of enzymatic reactions and transport, is converted to cytosolic oxaloacetate which in turn is decarboxylated and phosphorylated to form phosphoenolpyruvate. The subsequent steps involved in the production of Glc-6P are the reverse reactions of glycolysis, only the penultimate step, the dephosphorylation of fructose 1,6-phosphate, is carried out by a different enzyme Fbp. In D. melanogaster, Glc-6P is mainly converted into the disaccharide trehalose, the main hemolymph sugar. However, in a subset of neurons, Glc-6P is converted in the endoplasmic reticulum into glucose. (Adapted from FBrf0236342 and PMID:33397651.)
GLYCOLYSIS -
Glycolysis converts glucose into ATP and pyruvate in the cytosol. The overall reaction is glucose + 2 ADP + 2Pi + 2 NAD+ -> 2 pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2 NADH 2H+ + 2 H2O and involves 10 enzymatic steps. In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate is transported into the mitochondrion where, after oxidation into acetyl-CoA, it enters the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle). In anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is reduced to lactate in the cytosol. Although glucose, trehalose and glycogen are the main entry points for glycolysis in D. melanogaster, fructose, galactose, mannose and glycerol can also enter the glycolytic pathway to be converted into pyruvate. (Adapted from PMID:33941515 and FBrf0144936.)
GDP-MANNOSE BIOSYNTHESIS FROM GLUCOSE -
The nucleotide-sugar GDP-D-mannose is primarily synthesized in the cytosol from D-glucose (though it can also be produced from D-mannose). GDP-D-mannose is a precursor for GDP-L-fucose biosynthesis and dolichyl β-D-mannosyl phosphate and it is directly involved in protein glycosylation. (Adapted from PMID:24931670.)
UDP-N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE BIOSYNTHESIS -
The synthesis of the nucleotide-sugar UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) can occur via de novo or salvage pathways in the cytosol. In the de novo pathway, which is the main one, D-glucose, L-glutamine, acetyl-CoA and UTP are used to produce UDP-GlcNAc. In the salvage pathway glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine acquired from environmental sources or from the degradation of glycoconjugates can be used to produce UDP-GlcNAc. UDP-GlcNAc is a precursor for protein glycosylation and the biosynthesis of chitin, peptidoglycans and GPI-anchors. (Adapted from PMID:37107691.)
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
Pgi: Phosphoglucose isomerase
Structural gene for the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase [PGI (E.C. 5.3.1.9)]. There are two electrophoretic variants (fast and slow); also a deficiency for the locus which is CRM negative and probably homozygous lethal (Lee, 1979).
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
3
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Pgi for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry P52029)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Pgi-RA
FBtr0088679
NM_078939
2460
558
Pgi-RB
FBtr0088680
NM_165635
2321
558
Pgi-RC
FBtr0088681
NM_165636
2277
558
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Pgi-PA
FBpp0087760
62.3
558
7.13
P52029
NP_523663
AAF59025
Pgi-PB
FBpp0087761
62.3
558
7.13
P52029
NP_724723
AAM71090
Pgi-PC
FBpp0087762
62.3
558
7.13
P52029
NP_724724
AAM71091
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

558 aa isoforms: Pgi-PA, Pgi-PB, Pgi-PC
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records
 
UniProt
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Pgi using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

2.01

Transcript Expression
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
day 5 of adulthood | male -- day 7 of adulthood | male
spermatozoon
(Wasbrough et al., 2010, Dorus et al., 2006)
day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood
adult heart
(Cammarato et al., 2011)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
(Lee et al., 1979)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Pgi in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 7-8
  • Stages(s) 11-12
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 21 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 11 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Pgi
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Pgi
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(2R)Exel8048
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Inferred from location ( 4 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (1)
Hsap\GPI
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)
Rnor\Gpi
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (1)
Mmus\Gpi1
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (2)
Xtro\gpi
7 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\itm2a
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (2)
Drer\gpia
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\gpib
13 of 14
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
Cele\gpi-1
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012167
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (2)
Atha\AT5G42740
12 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\PGI1
4 of 13
No
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)
Scer\PGI1
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
Spom\pgi1
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (1)
Ecol\pgi
9 of 11
Yes
Yes
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Pgi. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    PgiUAS.cTa
    model of  heart disease
    CEA
    (Zhu et al., 2022)
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    GPI; glucose-6-phosphate isomerase
    14 of 14
    172400
     
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Pgi
    enhanceable
    Tpi
    (Ma et al., 2018)
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Pcl|Su(z)12
    suppressible
    Pgi
    (Ma et al., 2018)
    Tpi
    enhanceable
    Pgi
    (Ma et al., 2018)
    External Data
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    External Data
    Linkouts
    KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
    Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    2R
    Recombination map
    2-59
    Cytogenetic map
    44F6-44F6
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    44F6-44F6
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Dmnk16109&P{lacW}Gγ1k08017 and P{lacW}babok16912
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    44F9-45A2
    (determined by in situ hybridisation)
    (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location

    2-59

    (FlyBase, 2016)

    2-57.9

    (Comeron et al., 2012)

    2-58.0

    (Clark et al., 1995)

    1-

    (Choudhary et al., 1992)

    2-58.6

    (Voelker et al., 1980)
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (16)
    Genomic Clones (11)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (245)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
     
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Cell Line Information
    Publicly Available Cell Lines
     
      Other Stable Cell Lines
       
        Other Comments

        One of 42 Drosophila genes identified as being most likely to reveal molecular and cellular mechanisms of nervous system development or plasticity relevant to human Mental Retardation disorders.

        (Inlow and Restifo, 2004)

        Quantifying rates of protein sequence divergence within and between species reveals that the Drosophila genome harbors a substantial proportion of genes with a very high divergence rate.

        (Schmid and Tautz, 1997)

        The effects of a high sucrose diet on live weight, total protein, stored lipid and glycogen and crude activities of 12 enzymes involved in energy metabolism are quantified. The activities of many enzymes are reduced by the sucrose treatment.

        (Wang and Clark, 1995)

        Structural gene for the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI). There are two electrophoretic variants (fast and slow).

        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database merge of
        Additional comments
        Nomenclature History
        Source for database identify of
        Nomenclature comments
        Etymology
        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (13)
        Reported As
        Symbol Synonym
        CG8251
        (National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Rosa-Ferreira et al., 2015, Buescher et al., 2013, Cammarato et al., 2011, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Chandonia and Cohen, 2003)
        DmG6PI
        (Yang et al., 2022)
        GPI
        (Schulz and Bahr, 2003)
        Gpi
        (Parkhitko et al., 2020, Matthews and Munstermann, 1994)
        PGI
        (Wang et al., 2016, Saj et al., 2010, Pierce et al., 2001, Clark and Wang, 1997, Wang and Clark, 1995, Clark, 1994, Clark and Wang, 1994, Choudhary et al., 1992, Clark, 1990, Clark et al., 1990)
        Pgi
        (Mahanta et al., 2025, Thompson et al., 2025, Bamgbose and Tulin, 2024, Krejčová et al., 2024, Li et al., 2024, Rojas-Ríos et al., 2024, Vesala et al., 2024, Zhu et al., 2024, Fisher et al., 2023, Nozawa et al., 2023, Pang et al., 2023, Hunt and Demontis, 2022, Zhu et al., 2022, Dar et al., 2021, De Groef et al., 2021, Oka et al., 2021, Benoit et al., 2020, Carvalho-Santos et al., 2020, Hood et al., 2020, Parkhitko et al., 2020, Vásquez-Procopio et al., 2020, Gubina et al., 2019, Hudry et al., 2019, Wong et al., 2019, Ding et al., 2018, Ma et al., 2018, Park et al., 2018, Ugrankar et al., 2018, Cogni et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Elgart et al., 2016, Cogni et al., 2015, Ugrankar et al., 2015, Wójtowicz et al., 2015, Chen et al., 2014, de la Cova et al., 2014, Lavington et al., 2014, Luck et al., 2014, Mukherjee et al., 2014, Whitaker et al., 2014, Yasunaga et al., 2014, Beckett et al., 2013, Buescher et al., 2013, Malmendal et al., 2013, Nirala et al., 2013, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Eanes, 2011, Friedman et al., 2011, Tennessen et al., 2011, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Curtis et al., 2007, Flowers et al., 2007, Kaltenbach et al., 2007, Lai et al., 2007, Beller et al., 2006, Dorus et al., 2006, Eanes et al., 2006, Sandmann et al., 2006)
        gpi
        (Martínez-Morentin et al., 2015)
        pgi
        (De Groef et al., 2024, Gera et al., 2024, Knight et al., 2014, Rehwinkel et al., 2005, Hatini et al., 2000)
        Name Synonyms
        Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase
        (Feng et al., 2015)
        Phosphoglucose isomerase
        (Krejčová et al., 2024, de la Cova et al., 2014, Cammarato et al., 2011, Kaltenbach et al., 2007, Harbison et al., 2005)
        glucose phosphate isomerase
        (Calleja et al., 1993, Medina and Vallejo, 1991)
        phosphoglucoisomerase
        (Pierce et al., 2001)
        phosphoglucose isomerase
        (Hosamani et al., 2016, Buescher et al., 2013, Tennessen et al., 2011, Curtis et al., 2007, Eanes et al., 2006)
        Secondary FlyBase IDs
          Datasets (0)
          Study focus (0)
          Experimental Role
          Project
          Project Type
          Title
          Study result (0)
          Result
          Result Type
          Title
          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 121 )
          Sequence Crossreferences
          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
          UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          Other crossreferences
          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
          BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
          FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
          InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
          Linkouts
          BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
          FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
          Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
          FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
          iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
          KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
          Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.
          References (183)