FB2026_02 , released June 18, 2026
FB2026_02 , released June 18, 2026
Gene: Dmel\jeb
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\jeb
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
jelly belly
Annotation Symbol
CG30040
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0086677
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
jelly belly (jeb) encodes a secreted, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) repeat containing protein that functions as signalling ligand for the product of Alk. Binding of the ligand to its receptor activates intracellular Ras/ERK and PI3K signalling pathways. The roles of the product of jeb include embryonic visceral muscle development, growth and organ size regulation, retinal axon targeting, modulation of neuromuscular transmission as well as sleep regulation and olfactory learning. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

l(2)k05644

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-66
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:12085194..12119340
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (18 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
Biological Process (10 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (9 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in axon guidance
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from direct assay
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
traceable author statement
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000473686
Cellular Component (6 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cell surface
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
located_in synaptic vesicle
inferred from direct assay
located_in terminal bouton
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
traceable author statement
is_active_in terminal bouton
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000473686
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
jelly belly (jeb) encodes a secreted, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) repeat containing protein that functions as signalling ligand for the product of Alk. Binding of the ligand to its receptor activates intracellular Ras/ERK and PI3K signalling pathways. The roles of the product of jeb include embryonic visceral muscle development, growth and organ size regulation, retinal axon targeting, modulation of neuromuscular transmission as well as sleep regulation and olfactory learning. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
UNCLASSIFIED RECEPTOR LIGANDS -
This group comprises receptor ligands that do not classify under other groups in FlyBase.
Summary (Interactive Fly)

a secreted ligand that contains an LDL receptor repeat - required for visceral mesoderm development

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\jeb for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q95NU8)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0088021
4455
560
FBtr0333065
10378
560
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0087128
61.5
560
6.32
FBpp0305279
61.5
560
6.32
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

560 aa isoforms: jeb-PA, jeb-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\jeb using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.77

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

jeb transcript is embryonically expressed in the ventral somatic mesoderm, adjacent to dorsal visceral mesoderm precursors. Somatic mesoderm expression is detected beginning at embryonic stage 8, and can no longer be detected at stage 12. At embryonic stage 10 jeb expressing cell clusters are interdigitated with bap-expressing cell clusters. At embryonic stage 11, jeb-expressing cells form continuous stripes that are adjacent and ventral to bap-expressing cells. At embryonic stage 16, jeb is expressed in a subset of neurons in the ventral nerve cord.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
No Assay Recorded
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
visceral trunk mesoderm | dorsal

Comment: jeb is taken up by, but not expressed in, this tissue

mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

jeb is prdominantly expressed in the CNS and not in salivary gland, fat body, Malpighian tubule, or imaginal discs. High levels of jeb signal are detected in neurons and in the neurite-like structures that surround dorsomedial neurosecretory cells.

jeb protein labels the cell surface of lamina cells in pupa.

jeb is expressed at larval glutamergic neuromusclular junction synapses where it is primarily presynaptic and exhibits a localized punctate bouton expression pattern. It is strongly concentrated in smaller bouton subtypes, Is, II, and III and is heterogeneously and weakly expressed in type Ib boutons (with Alk). Extracellular jeb is localized at all bouton subtypes, predominantly closely associated with the presynaptic membrane. Concentrated jeb puncta are also observed a short distance from synaptic boutons. In mature embryos, jeb exhibited dense and extensive punctate localization along longitudinal neuropil axon tracts, and was also present in neuronal somata and segmental nerve trunks.

jeb protein is expressed in photoreceptor cells R1-8 from the third instar larval stage through adulthood. Expression is strong at 24 and 40 hours APF, decreasing at 50 hours APF. Strong pupal expression is observed in the R1-6 axons in the lamina, and R7-8 axons in the medulla at the 24 and 40 hours APF timepoints. The expression pattern in the developing visual system is complementay to that of Alk.

Secreted jeb protein is taken up by Alk-expressing cells in the visceral mesoderm.

jeb protein is secreted from cells in the somatic mesoderm and taken up by cells in the visceral mesoderm. Later in development, jeb is localized to a subset of axons in the ventral nerve cord, including the longitudinal connectives, and axons projecting to the periperal nervous system.

Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cell surface
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
located_in synaptic vesicle
inferred from direct assay
located_in terminal bouton
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\jeb in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 13 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 11 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of jeb
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of jeb
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 5 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
Other Phenotypes
Allele
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
axon & photoreceptor cell R1 | somatic clone
axon & photoreceptor cell R2 | somatic clone
axon & photoreceptor cell R3 | somatic clone
axon & photoreceptor cell R4 | somatic clone
axon & photoreceptor cell R5 | somatic clone
axon & photoreceptor cell R6 | somatic clone
axon & photoreceptor cell R8 | somatic clone
fusion competent cell & visceral mesoderm, with Scer\GAL4twi.PG
fusion competent cell & visceral muscle primordium
muscle founder cell & circular visceral muscle primordium
muscle founder cell & visceral mesoderm, with Scer\GAL4twi.PG
muscle founder cell & visceral muscle primordium
muscle founder cell & visceral muscle primordium | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4twi.2PE
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (0)
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (0)
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (2)
4 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (0)
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:jeb. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    Interaction Browsers

    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Linkouts
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    FlyBase
    External Links
    External Data
    Linkouts
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    2R
    Recombination map
    2-66
    Cytogenetic map
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    48E1-48E2
    Left limit from in situ hybridisation (FBrf0157097) Right limit from in situ hybridisation (FBrf0157097)
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    48E1-48E2
    48E9-48E9
    48E9-48E9
    (determined by in situ hybridisation)
    48E1-48E2
    (determined by in situ hybridisation)
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (10)
    Genomic Clones (35)
    cDNA Clones (5)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      BDGP DGC clones
        RNAi and Array Information
        Linkouts
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Antibody Information
        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
        Commercially Available Antibodies
         
        Cell Line Information
        Publicly Available Cell Lines
         
          Other Stable Cell Lines
           
            Other Comments

            jeb is required in R1-R6 cells to target their axons to the appropriate sets of target neurons in the lamina.

            ChEST reveals this is a target of Mef2.

            1 allele of l(2)SH0422 recovered in a P-insertion screen.

            jeb protein is produced by somatic muscle precursors and is taken up by visceral muscle precursors.

            jeb is required for visceral mesoderm migration and differentiation.

            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database merge of

            Source for merge of: jeb l(2)k05644

            Source for merge of: jeb l(2)SH0422

            Additional comments

            Annotations CG13180, CG13182 merged as CG30040 in release 3 of the genome annotation.

            Source for identity of jelly-belly CG13180 CG13182 was sequence comparison ( date:011117 ).

            Nomenclature History
            Source for database identify of

            Source for identity of: jelly-belly CG13180 CG13182

            Nomenclature comments
            Etymology
            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (13)
            Reported As
            Symbol Synonym
            CG13182
            l(2)SH0422
            Secondary FlyBase IDs
            • FBgn0033681
            • FBgn0065792
            • FBgn0022161
            • FBgn0040761
            • FBgn0050040
            Datasets (0)
            Study focus (0)
            Experimental Role
            Project
            Project Type
            Title
            Study result (0)
            Result
            Result Type
            Title
            External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 43 )
            Sequence Crossreferences
            NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
            GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
            GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
            RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
            UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
            UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            Other crossreferences
            AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
            DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
            EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
            FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
            FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
            KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
            MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
            Linkouts
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
            FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
            FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
            Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
            iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
            Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
            MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            References (136)