FB2026_02 , released June 18, 2026
Gene: Dmel\Slob
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Slob
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Slowpoke binding protein
Annotation Symbol
CG43756
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0264087
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
Regulator of calcium-activated channel Slo. Increases or decreases the voltage sensitivity of Slo, depending on the absence or presence of 14-3-3-zeta in the complex, respectively. (UniProt, Q8IPH9)
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
Also Known As

SLO-binding protein

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-28
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:7642005..7675078
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (7 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:P29310
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q03720
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008586722
Biological Process (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasm
non-traceable author statement
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
UNCLASSIFIED CONVENTIONAL PROTEIN KINASE DOMAIN KINASES -
This group comprises conventional protein kinase domain kinases that do not classify under other groups in FlyBase.
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Regulator of calcium-activated channel Slo. Increases or decreases the voltage sensitivity of Slo, depending on the absence or presence of 14-3-3-zeta in the complex, respectively.
(UniProt, Q8IPH9)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
11
Number of Unique Polypeptides
9

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Slob for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q8IPH9)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Annotated transcripts do not represent all possible combinations of alternative exons and/or alternative promoters.

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0330699
2461
515
FBtr0330698
2888
638
FBtr0330697
2525
515
FBtr0330700
2449
511
FBtr0330701
2500
511
FBtr0330702
2553
578
FBtr0330703
2293
459
FBtr0330704
4872
455
FBtr0330705
4664
1280
FBtr0330706
6363
1347
FBtr0335491
5779
1191
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0303542
57.9
515
9.17
FBpp0303541
71.7
638
9.57
FBpp0303540
57.9
515
9.17
FBpp0303543
57.4
511
8.92
FBpp0303544
57.4
511
8.92
FBpp0303545
65.2
578
9.66
FBpp0303546
51.9
459
9.52
FBpp0303547
51.3
455
9.30
FBpp0303548
141.1
1280
7.06
FBpp0303549
148.8
1347
7.70
FBpp0307463
131.4
1191
6.75
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

515 aa isoforms: Slob-PA, Slob-PC
511 aa isoforms: Slob-PD, Slob-PE
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts specifically with Slo; which activates Slo activity. Interacts with 14-3-3-zeta when phosphorylated. Forms a heterotetrameric complex containing phosphorylated Slob, Slo and 14-3-3-zeta, which represses Slo activity due to the indirect interaction between Slo and 14-3-3-zeta.

(UniProt, Q8IPH9)
Post Translational Modification

Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation of Ser-54 and Ser-79 is required for the interaction with 14-3-3-zeta but not with that of Slo.

(UniProt, Q8IPH9)
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Slob using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.64

Transcript Expression
expression microarray
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
RT-PCR
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

Slob is detected in at last two of the three subsets of PI neurons, PI-1 and PI-3 by RT-PCR.

A probe common to all Slob transcripts detects expression in the adult photoreceptors, optic lobe, and brain cortex. One isoform is found preferentially in the optic lobes, particularly in the medulla and in the brian cortex but not in photoreceptors. Another isoform is seen in the eye and to a lesser extent in the optic lobe and brian cortex.

The pattern of Slob transcript expression in the adult photoreceptor cells, optic lobes, and brain cortex is similar to that observed of tim, Clk and cyc transcripts.

Eye-enriched transcripts determined by ratio of expression level in wild-type heads. versus expression level in so heads.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
western blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

Slob staining is seen in nerve and nerve terminals and to a more limited extent in muscle at neuromuscular junctions.

Staining with an antibody to a particular Slob isoform (Slob71/65) is observed in the optic lobe and large ventral lateral neurons (I-LNvs) and less intense staining in the surrounding brain cortex. Punctate staining is seen in the medulla.

Slob protein expression exhibtions a circadian pattern, with an expression peak at ZT 10-14, and a trough at ZT 2. Slob immunoreactivty is intense in the nuclei of photoreceptor cells and basal cells of the eye. In the adult brain, bright and discrete cytoplasmic immunoreactivity is observed in 6-8 neurons of the pars intercerebralis, while more diffuse staining is observed in optic lobes and brain cortex. Slob protein exhibits circadian oscillation; in the nuclei of photoreceptor cells, protein levels peak at ZT 14-21, and trough at ZT 2, while in the pars intercerbralis neurons, the peak is at ZT 3 and trough at ZT 15-21.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Slob in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 11 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 13 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Slob
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Slob
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (14)
2 of 14
Yes
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
2  
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
6  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (10)
2 of 14
Yes
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (11)
2 of 14
Yes
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (8)
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (18)
2 of 14
Yes
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (2)
1 of 14
Yes
No
1 of 14
Yes
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (3)
10 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (10)
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (3)
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
1 of 13
Yes
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Slob. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (4)
3 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    Interaction Browsers

    Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
    protein-protein
    Physical Interaction
    Assay
    References
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
    Interacts specifically with Slo; which activates Slo activity. Interacts with 14-3-3-zeta when phosphorylated. Forms a heterotetrameric complex containing phosphorylated Slob, Slo and 14-3-3-zeta, which represses Slo activity due to the indirect interaction between Slo and 14-3-3-zeta.
    (UniProt, Q8IPH9 )
    Linkouts
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    FlyBase
    External Links
    External Data
    Linkouts
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    2L
    Recombination map
    2-28
    Cytogenetic map
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    28B4-28C1
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP2419EP2419&P{EP}EP575 and P{PZ}l(2)rL220rL220
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    28B1-28B2
    (determined by in situ hybridisation)
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (19)
    Genomic Clones (41)
    cDNA Clones (69)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Cell Line Information
    Publicly Available Cell Lines
     
      Other Stable Cell Lines
       
        Other Comments

        Slob protein shows weak and barely detectable protein kinase activity in vitro. Slob protein kinase activity is markedly enhanced when Slob protein is pretreated with the catalytic subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKAc). The major site of phosphorylation by PKAc within Slob is serine 54.

        Shows particularly robust cycling of transcription in adult heads, as assessed by expression analysis using high density oligonucleotide arrays with probe generated during three 12-point time course experiments over the course of 6 days. Shows significant change of expression pattern in circadian mutant background; decreased expression in per01, tim01 and ClkJrk background.

        Identified as a gene with significant level of mRNA cycling as assessed by expression analysis using high density oligonucleotide arrays with probe generated from adult heads harvested over six time points over the course of a day.

        14-3-3ζ can interact with and modulate slo via Slob. The binding between 14-3-3ζ and Slob is regulated by calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II phosphorylation.

        Identification: Protein that binds to the carboxy-terminal domain of slo in a yeast two-hybrid screen. Slob and slo co-immunoprecipitate from heads and heterologous host cells, suggesting they interact in vivo. Slob also co-immunoprecipitates with eag but not with Sh. Slob is a potassium channel-binding protein that influences multiple channel properties.

        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database merge of

        Source for merge of: Slob CG13792

        Additional comments

        Annotations CG6772 and CG13792 merged as CG43756 in release 5.44 of the genome annotation. Merge supported by RNA-Seq junction and coverage data.

        Nomenclature History
        Source for database identify of
        Nomenclature comments
        Etymology
        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (12)
        Datasets (0)
        Study focus (0)
        Experimental Role
        Project
        Project Type
        Title
        Study result (0)
        Result
        Result Type
        Title
        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 75 )
        Sequence Crossreferences
        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
        UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
        UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        Other crossreferences
        AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
        DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
        EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
        FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
        MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
        Linkouts
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
        Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
        iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        References (92)