FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\GstD3
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\GstD3
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Glutathione S transferase D3
Annotation Symbol
CG4381
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0010039
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
3 publicly available
Gene Summary
Has no glutathione S-transferase activity. (UniProt, Q9VG97)
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Also Known As

DmGSTD3, DmGST22, Gst, GST-D3

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
87B8-87B8
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-52
RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:12373068..12373813
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (3 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
NOT enables glutathione transferase activity
inferred from direct assay
(Saisawang et al., 2012)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in glutathione metabolic process
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001679864
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with RGD:70952
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the GST superfamily. Delta family. (Q9VG97)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
UNCLASSIFIED PSEUDOENZYMES -
This group comprises pseudoenzymes that do not classify under other groups in FlyBase.
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Has no glutathione S-transferase activity.
(UniProt, Q9VG97)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\GstD3 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VG97)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.53

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
GstD3-RA
FBtr0082570
NM_176479
746
199
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
GstD3-PA
FBpp0082042
22.9
199
5.08
Q9VG97
NP_788656
AAO41561
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Homodimer.

(UniProt, Q9VG97)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\GstD3 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

0.32

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism

Comment: rapidly degraded

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
anterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
anterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
embryonic proventriculus
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval midgut
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | faint | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
RT-PCR
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
larval stage
organism
(Sawicki et al., 2003)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\GstD3 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 0 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 3 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of GstD3
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of GstD3
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 3 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal body color, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
egg chamber, with Scer\GAL4GR1
mesonotum, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
nurse cell, with Scer\GAL4GR1
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (27)
Hsap\GSTT2B
7 of 14
Yes
No
Hsap\GSTT2
5 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\GSTT4
5 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GSTT1
4 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\GDAP1L1
3 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\GSTZ1
3 of 14
No
No
Hsap\EEF1E1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\EEF1G
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GDAP1
2 of 14
No
No
2  
Hsap\GSTO1
2 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\GSTO2
2 of 14
No
No
2  
Hsap\MARS1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\VARS1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\AIMP2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CLIC1
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\CLIC2
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\CLIC3
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\CLIC4
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CLIC5
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\EPRS1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GSTA1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GSTA2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GSTA3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GSTA4
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GSTA5
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\HPGDS
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\LOC100652871
1 of 14
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (33)
Rnor\Gstt1
8 of 14
Yes
No
Rnor\Gstt3
8 of 14
Yes
No
Rnor\Gstt4
8 of 14
Yes
No
Rnor\Gstt2
7 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gdap1l1
3 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gstz1
3 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Eef1e1
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Eef1g
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gdap1
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gsto1
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gsto2
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Mars1
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Vars1
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Clic1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Clic2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Clic3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Clic4
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Clic5
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Eprs
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gsta1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gsta2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gsta3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gsta4
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gsta5
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gsta6
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gstm1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gstm3l
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gstm4
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gstm5
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gstm6l
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gstm6
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gstm7
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Hpgds
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (25)
Mmus\Gstt4
8 of 14
Yes
No
Mmus\Gstt1
7 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gstt2
7 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gstt3
6 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gstz1
3 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Eef1e1
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Eef1g
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gdap1l1
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gdap1
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gsto1
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gsto2
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Mars1
2 of 14
No
No
2  
Mmus\Vars
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Clic1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Clic3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Clic4
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Clic5
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Eprs
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gm3776
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gsta1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gsta3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gsta4
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gsta5
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gstm3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Hpgds
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (17)
Xtro\gstt1-like.2
4 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\gstt1
3 of 13
No
No
Xtro\gdap1l1
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\gstz1
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\eef1e1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\gdap1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\gsta4
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\gsto1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\hpgds
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC100496158
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC100498493
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC101730710
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\mrps12
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pcsk6
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tm2d2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\trnt1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\vars1
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (23)
Drer\gstt2
7 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\gstt1a
6 of 14
No
No
Drer\gstt1b
6 of 14
No
No
Drer\gstr
5 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\gdap1l1
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\gstz1
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\eef1e1
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\eef1g
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\gdap1
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\gsto1
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\gsto2
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\clic1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\clic2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\clic3
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\clic4
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\clic5a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\clic5b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\eprs1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\gsta.1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\gsta.2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\gstp2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\mars1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\vars1
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (46)
Cele\gst-43
4 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\Y53G8B.1
4 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\gst-42
3 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-4
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-12
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-13
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-14
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-15
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-16
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-19
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-20
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-24
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-26
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-28
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-29
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-31
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-32
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-34
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-35
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-37
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-39
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\C02D5.4
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\eef-1G
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-3
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-5
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-6
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-7
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-8
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-9
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-11
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-17
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-18
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-21
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-22
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-27
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-30
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-33
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-36
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-38
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-40
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gst-44
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gsto-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gsto-2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\gsto-3
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (36)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP004172
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012702
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012838
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\GSTD3
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\GSTD4
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\GSTD5
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\GSTD6
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\GSTD8
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\GSTD10
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\GSTD11
7 of 12
Yes
No
Agam\GSTD12
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\GSTT2_ANOGA
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\GSTU2
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\GSTU3
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\GST1D_ANOGA
6 of 12
No
No
Agam\GSTE1
6 of 12
No
No
Agam\GSTE2
6 of 12
No
No
Agam\GSTE3
6 of 12
No
No
Agam\GSTE4
6 of 12
No
No
Agam\GSTE5
6 of 12
No
No
Agam\GSTE6
6 of 12
No
No
Agam\GSTE7
6 of 12
No
No
Agam\GSTT7_ANOGA
6 of 12
No
No
Agam\GSTU1
6 of 12
No
No
Agam\GSTT1
5 of 12
No
No
Agam\GSTU4
5 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012839
4 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\GSTT2
4 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000883
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP004929
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\GSTZ1
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006132
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007891
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRGR27
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GST_ANOGA
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GSTO1
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (57)
Atha\GSTF2
8 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\GSTF3
8 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\GSTF5
8 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\GSTF6
8 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\GSTF7
8 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\ATGSTF13
7 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTF4
7 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTF8
7 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTF11
7 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\GSTF12
7 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTF14
7 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTF9
6 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTF10
6 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTT1
5 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTT2
5 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTT3
5 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTZ1
3 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTZ2
3 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G09640
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G57720
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G77290
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G19550
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT2G40660
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G26710
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\DHAR1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\DHAR2
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\DHAR3
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\ERD9
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTL1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTL3
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU2
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU3
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU4
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU5
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU6
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU7
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU8
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU9
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU10
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU11
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU12
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU13
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU14
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU15
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU16
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU18
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU19
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU20
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU21
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU22
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU23
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU24
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU25
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU26
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU27
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GSTU28
1 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (6)
Scer\URE2
9 of 13
Yes
Yes
Scer\GTT2
4 of 13
No
No
Scer\CAM1
3 of 13
No
No
Scer\TEF4
3 of 13
No
No
Scer\YGR201C
3 of 13
No
No
Scer\GTT1
1 of 13
No
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (7)
Spom\gst1
9 of 12
Yes
Yes
Spom\gst2
9 of 12
Yes
Yes
Spom\gst3
2 of 12
No
Yes
Spom\SPCC1183.02
2 of 12
No
No
Spom\SPAC29A4.02c
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\SPAC30C2.04
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\tef5
1 of 12
No
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (9)
Ecol\yfcG
7 of 11
Yes
Yes
Ecol\yghU
7 of 11
Yes
Yes
Ecol\gstB
5 of 11
No
No
Ecol\sspA
3 of 11
No
No
Ecol\yfcF
3 of 11
No
No
Ecol\grxB
1 of 11
No
Yes
Ecol\gstA
1 of 11
No
No
Ecol\yibF
1 of 11
No
No
Ecol\yncG
1 of 11
No
No
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:GstD3. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (43)
GstD1
11 of 13
GstD2
11 of 13
GstD4
11 of 13
GstD5
11 of 13
GstD6
11 of 13
GstD7
11 of 13
GstD8
11 of 13
GstE3
11 of 13
GstE4
11 of 13
GstE5
11 of 13
GstE6
11 of 13
GstE7
11 of 13
GstE8
11 of 13
GstE11
11 of 13
GstE12
11 of 13
GstD9
10 of 13
GstD10
10 of 13
GstE1
10 of 13
GstE2
10 of 13
GstE9
10 of 13
GstE10
10 of 13
GstD11
9 of 13
GstE13
9 of 13
GstE14
9 of 13
gfzf
7 of 13
GstT1
7 of 13
GstT2
7 of 13
GstT3
7 of 13
GstT4
6 of 13
GstZ1
4 of 13
GstZ2
4 of 13
eEF1γ
3 of 13
AIMP3
2 of 13
Gdap1
2 of 13
GstO1
2 of 13
GstO2
2 of 13
GstO3
2 of 13
se
2 of 13
Clic
1 of 13
GluProRS
1 of 13
Gr59f
1 of 13
GstS1
1 of 13
MetRS
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    GSTT2B; glutathione S-transferase theta 2B
    7 of 14
        GSTT2; glutathione S-transferase theta 2 (gene/pseudogene)
        5 of 14
        600437
             
            GSTT4; glutathione S-transferase theta 4
            5 of 14
                GSTT1; glutathione S-transferase theta 1
                4 of 14
                600436
                     
                    GDAP1L1; ganglioside induced differentiation associated protein 1 like 1
                    3 of 14
                         
                        GSTZ1; glutathione S-transferase zeta 1
                        3 of 14
                        603758
                          Functional Complementation Data
                          Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                          Interactions
                          Summary of Physical Interactions
                          Interaction Browsers
                          View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
                          Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
                          protein-protein
                          Physical Interaction
                          Assay
                          References
                          GstD3 - kel
                          proximity-dependent biotin identification, Identification by mass spectrometry
                          (Mannix et al., 2019)
                          Summary of Genetic Interactions
                          Interaction Browsers
                          Starting gene(s)
                          Interaction type
                          Interacting gene(s)
                          Reference
                          Starting gene(s)
                          Interaction type
                          Interacting gene(s)
                          Reference
                          External Data
                          Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
                          Homodimer.
                          (UniProt, Q9VG97 )
                          Linkouts
                          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                          Pathways
                          Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
                          Metabolic Pathways
                          FlyBase
                          External Links
                          KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                          External Data
                          Linkouts
                          KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                          Class of Gene
                          Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                          Chromosome (arm)
                          3R
                          Recombination map
                          3-52
                          Cytogenetic map
                          87B8-87B8
                          Sequence location
                          FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                          Cytogenetic map
                          Evidence for location
                          87B8-87B8
                          Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}svp07842 and P{lacW}Vha55j2E9
                          Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                          Cytogenetic map
                          Notes
                          References
                          Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                          Location

                          3-52

                          (FlyBase, 2016)

                          3-49.4

                          (Comeron et al., 2012)
                          Left of (cM)
                          Right of (cM)
                          Notes
                          Stocks and Reagents
                          Stocks (3)
                          Genomic Clones (20)
                          cDNA Clones (8)
                           

                          Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                          cDNA clones, fully sequenced
                          BDGP DGC clones
                          Other clones
                            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                            For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                            cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                            BDGP DGC clones
                              Other clones
                              RNAi and Array Information
                              Linkouts
                              DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                              Antibody Information
                              Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                               
                              Commercially Available Antibodies
                               
                              Cell Line Information
                              Publicly Available Cell Lines
                               
                                Other Stable Cell Lines
                                 
                                  Other Comments

                                  GstD3 is transcribed in D.melanogaster, indicating that the GstD3 gene is probably functional. Overall orientation not stated: GstD10- GstD9- GstD1- GstD2+ GstD3+ GstD4+ GstD5+ GstD6+ GstD7+ GstD8+

                                  (Sawicki et al., 2003)

                                  GstD3 is probably a functional gene; EST clone LP11313 corresponds to GstD3 indicating it is transcribed.

                                  (Zimniak and Benes, 2002.7.15)

                                  GstD3 stated to probably be a pseudogene, as the gene has N-terminal truncation which includes a conserved tyrosine residue. Overall orientation not stated: GstD8- GstD7- GstD6- GstD5- GstD4- GstD3- GstD2- GstD1+

                                  (Toung et al., 1993)
                                  Relationship to Other Genes
                                  Source for database merge of

                                  Source for merge of: GstD22 CG4381

                                  (FlyBase, 1996-)
                                  Additional comments

                                  Source for merge of GstD22 CG4381 was Swiss-Prot update ( date:001007 ).

                                  (FlyBase, 1996-)
                                  Nomenclature History
                                  Source for database identify of
                                  Nomenclature comments
                                  Etymology
                                  Synonyms and Secondary IDs (17)
                                  Reported As
                                  Symbol Synonym
                                  BcDNA:LP11313
                                  CG4381
                                  (National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2023-, Rosa-Ferreira et al., 2015, Monzo et al., 2010, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Li et al., 2009, Alias and Clark, 2007, Lai et al., 2007, Asha et al., 2003)
                                  D3
                                  (Alias and Clark, 2007)
                                  DmGST22
                                  (Zimniak and Benes, 2002.7.15, Chelvanayagam et al., 2001, Ranson et al., 2001, Toung et al., 1993)
                                  DmGSTD3
                                  (Vignesvaran and Alias, 2016, Wongtrakul et al., 2012, Alias and Clark, 2007, Sawicki et al., 2003, Zimniak and Benes, 2002.7.15, Chelvanayagam et al., 2001)
                                  GST-D3
                                  (Wagner et al., 2009, Beckstead et al., 2007)
                                  GSTD3
                                  (Schwartz et al., 2024, Li et al., 2008, Alias and Clark, 2007, Low et al., 2007)
                                  Gst
                                  (Ranz et al., 2001, Ranz et al., 2001)
                                  GstD22
                                  GstD3
                                  (Bandyadka et al., 2025, Haas et al., 2025, He et al., 2025, He et al., 2024, Meyer et al., 2024, Petiot et al., 2024, Floc'hlay et al., 2023, Gonis et al., 2022, Känel et al., 2022, Rahman et al., 2022, Sebastian et al., 2022, Xie et al., 2021, Brown et al., 2020, Cho et al., 2020, Hope et al., 2020, Raghuraman et al., 2020, Swanson et al., 2020, Jia et al., 2019, Li et al., 2019, Mannix et al., 2019, Huang et al., 2015, Sujkowski et al., 2015, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Guo et al., 2014, Luck et al., 2014, Sen et al., 2013, Catalán et al., 2012, Zhao et al., 2011, Mahapatra et al., 2010, Monzo et al., 2010, Gruenewald et al., 2009, Li et al., 2009, Roeder et al., 2009, Zhang et al., 2007)
                                  gst
                                  (Chen et al., 2020)
                                  gstD22
                                  (Toung et al., 1993)
                                  gstD3
                                  (Riveron et al., 2013)
                                  gstd3
                                  (Saisawang et al., 2012)
                                  Name Synonyms
                                  Glutathione S transferase D22
                                  Glutathione S transferase D3
                                  (Zimniak and Benes, 2002.7.15)
                                  Glutathione-S-transferase D3
                                  (Ramond et al., 2020)
                                  Secondary FlyBase IDs
                                  • FBgn0038022
                                  • FBgn0063086
                                  Datasets (0)
                                  Study focus (0)
                                  Experimental Role
                                  Project
                                  Project Type
                                  Title
                                  Study result (0)
                                  Result
                                  Result Type
                                  Title
                                  External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 43 )
                                  Sequence Crossreferences
                                  NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                                  GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                                  GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                                  RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                                  UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                                  UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                                  Other crossreferences
                                  AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                                  BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                                  DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                                  EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                                  FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                                  FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                                  InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                                  KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                                  MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                                  Linkouts
                                  Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                                  DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                                  DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                                  Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                                  FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                                  FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                                  Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                                  Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                                  iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                                  KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                                  KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                                  References (79)