FB2026_02 , released June 18, 2026
FB2026_02 , released June 18, 2026
Gene: Dmel\RnrS
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\RnrS
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase small subunit
Annotation Symbol
CG8975
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0011704
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
11 publicly available
Enzyme Name (EC)
ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase (1.17.4.1)
Gene Summary
Provides the precursors necessary for DNA synthesis. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides. (UniProt, P48592)
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Also Known As

RNR2, DmRNR2

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
48D5-48D5
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-65
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:11983145..11985393
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (5 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables oxidoreductase activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR012348
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase activity, thioredoxin disulfide as acceptor
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001158161
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P11157
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
Biological Process (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in deoxyribonucleotide biosynthetic process
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001158161
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000358, InterPro:IPR033909
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in cytosol
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001158161
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
part_of ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase complex
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P31350
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase small chain family. (P48592)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase activity, thioredoxin disulfide as acceptor
a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate + [thioredoxin]-disulfide + H2O = a ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol (1.17.4.1)
RHEA 23252:
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
CH OR CH2 GROUP OXIDOREDUCTASES -
CH or CH2 group oxidoreductases, include dehydrogenases that oxidize CH or CH2 group with the reduction of hydrogen or electron acceptor.
RIBONUCLEOTIDE REDUCTASE COMPLEX -
Ribonucleotide reductase is a heteromeric complex that maintains balanced deoxynucleoside triphosphate pools by reducing ribonucleoside diphosphates to deoxyribonucleoside diphosphates. The alpha/RR1/L subunit is the catalytic subunit, while the beta/RR2/S subunit houses the free radical required for catalysis. The complex is allosterically regulated by its activator ATP and its inhibitor dATP. (Adapted from PMID: 21336276.)
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Provides the precursors necessary for DNA synthesis. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides.
(UniProt, P48592)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\RnrS for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry P48592)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
RnrS-RA
FBtr0088046
NM_080372
1593
393
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
RnrS-PA
FBpp0087152
45.1
393
5.34
P48592
NP_525111
AAF58599
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Heterodimer of a large and a small subunit.

(UniProt, P48592)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\RnrS using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.30

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
mesoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
antennal primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
anterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
epipharynx primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
hindgut proper primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
hypopharynx proper primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
Malpighian tubule primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13
peripheral nervous system
(Du and Dyson, 1999)
hindgut

Comment: excluded from rectum primordium

(Fuss et al., 2001)
embryonic brain
(Asano and Wharton, 1999)
anterior midgut primordium
(Asano and Wharton, 1999)
posterior midgut primordium
(Asano and Wharton, 1999)
larval ventral nerve cord
(Asano and Wharton, 1999)
embryonic/larval midgut primordium
(Cayirlioglu et al., 2003)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
embryonic anal pad
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic brain
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic central brain neuron
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic central brain surface glial cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic epipharynx
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic hindgut
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic hypopharynx
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic large intestine
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic Malpighian tubule
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic midgut chamber
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval tracheal dorsal trunk
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval fat body
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval lymph gland
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval midgut
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval midgut interstitial cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
larval nervous system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval posterior spiracle
(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral cord neuron
(Fisher et al., 2012)
larval lateral VNC surface glial cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral midline of embryo
(Fisher et al., 2012)
larval ventral nerve cord
(Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data

RnrS transcript is expressed in germ band retracted embryos in a pattern coincident with that of replicating cells.

(Cayirlioglu et al., 2003)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\RnrS in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 6 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 9 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of RnrS
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of RnrS
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 0 )
Inferred from location ( 7 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (2)
Hsap\RRM2
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Hsap\RRM2B
12 of 14
No
Yes
1  
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (3)
Rnor\Rrm2
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\LOC100359539
12 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Rrm2b
10 of 14
No
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (2)
Mmus\Rrm2
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Rrm2b
10 of 14
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (6)
Xtro\rrm2.2
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\rrm2.1
10 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\rrm2b
4 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\pbdc1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\stx18
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\ubtf
1 of 13
No
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (3)
Drer\rrm2
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\rrm2b
8 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\LOC100330864
3 of 14
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (3)
Cele\rnr-2
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\F19G12.2
2 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\F58F9.1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006818
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (5)
Atha\TSO2
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\RNR2A
12 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\RNR2B
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT1G33780
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT3G29240
1 of 13
No
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)
Scer\RNR2
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Scer\RNR4
8 of 13
No
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
Spom\suc22
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (3)
Ecol\nrdB
9 of 11
Yes
Yes
Ecol\nrdF
3 of 11
No
Yes
Ecol\yqgE
1 of 11
No
Yes
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:RnrS. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 2 )
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    RRM2; ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2
    14 of 14
    180390
         
        RRM2B; ribonucleotide reductase regulatory TP53 inducible subunit M2B
        12 of 14
        604712
         
        Functional Complementation Data
        Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
        Interactions
        Summary of Physical Interactions
        Summary of Genetic Interactions
        Interaction Browsers
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        External Data
        Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
        Heterodimer of a large and a small subunit.
        (UniProt, P48592 )
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        Pathways
        Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
        Metabolic Pathways
        External Data
        Linkouts
        KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
        Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
        Class of Gene
        Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
        Chromosome (arm)
        2R
        Recombination map
        2-65
        Cytogenetic map
        48D5-48D5
        Sequence location
        FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Evidence for location
        48D5-48D5
        Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(2)k06612k06612 and P{lacW}jebk05644
        Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Notes
        References
        48D-48D
        (determined by in situ hybridisation)
        (Duronio and O'Farrell, 1994, Foe et al., 1993)
        Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
        Location

        2-65

        (FlyBase, 2016)

        2-66.3

        (Comeron et al., 2012)
        Left of (cM)
        Right of (cM)
        Notes
        Stocks and Reagents
        Stocks (11)
        Genomic Clones (21)
        cDNA Clones (110)
         

        Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

        cDNA clones, fully sequenced
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

        For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

        cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        RNAi and Array Information
        Linkouts
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Antibody Information
        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
         
        Commercially Available Antibodies
         
        Cell Line Information
        Publicly Available Cell Lines
         
          Other Stable Cell Lines
           
            Other Comments

            Area matching Drosophila EST AA951890. This EST has sequence similarity to mouse RIR2 gene.

            (Davies, 2001.3.15)

            The coordinate program of expression of S phase genes (DNApol-α180, mus209, RnrL and RnrS) can be induced by CycE expression, but is not disrupted in stg mutants and is therefore not a secondary consequence of cell cycle progression.

            (Duronio and O'Farrell, 1994)
            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database merge of

            Source for merge of: RnrS anon-WO0118547.148

            (FlyBase, 1996-)
            Additional comments

            Source for merge of RnrS anon-WO0118547.148 was sequence comparison ( date:051113 ).

            (FlyBase, 1996-)
            Nomenclature History
            Source for database identify of
            Nomenclature comments
            Etymology
            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (19)
            Reported As
            Symbol Synonym
            CG8975
            (National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Lin et al., 2018, Meadows, 2017.1.11, Hosono et al., 2015, Lin et al., 2015, Fukuoh et al., 2014, Schertel et al., 2013, Müller et al., 2010, Ni et al., 2010.12.1)
            DmRNR2
            (Delanoue et al., 2004, Duronio et al., 1998, Duronio et al., 1998, Duronio et al., 1996, Duronio and O'Farrell, 1995, Duronio et al., 1995, Sauer et al., 1995, Duronio and O'Farrell, 1994)
            R2
            (Arnaoutov et al., 2020)
            RNR-S
            (Zhang et al., 2021)
            RNR2
            (Frolov et al., 2005, Taylor-Harding et al., 2004, Zraly et al., 2004, Bosco et al., 2001, Frolov et al., 2001, Fuss et al., 2001, Park et al., 2001, Myster et al., 2000, Asano and Wharton, 1999, Du and Dyson, 1999, Royzman et al., 1999, Staehling-Hampton et al., 1999, Dyson, 1998, Follette et al., 1998, Royzman and Orr-Weaver, 1998, Royzman et al., 1997, Foe et al., 1993)
            RNRS
            (Joyce et al., 2012)
            RNrS
            (Chen et al., 2003)
            RnRs
            (Swevers et al., 2018)
            Rnr2
            (Zielke et al., 2008, Cayirlioglu et al., 2001, Johnston and Edgar, 1998)
            RnrS
            (Fang et al., 2026, GenetiVision Corporation, 2026-, Tang et al., 2024, Eickelberg et al., 2022, Song and Shvartsman, 2020, Rivera et al., 2019, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, Solis et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Kong et al., 2016, Hughes et al., 2014, King et al., 2014, Liang et al., 2014, Kwon et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013, Schertel et al., 2013, Davidson and Duronio, 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Longworth et al., 2012, Hsieh et al., 2010, Maqbool et al., 2010, Müller et al., 2010, Shibutani et al., 2008, Somma et al., 2008, Akdemir et al., 2007, Shibutani et al., 2007, Shibutani et al., 2007, Swanhart et al., 2007, Loop et al., 2004, Cayirlioglu et al., 2003)
            Rnrs
            (Xiang et al., 2017, Foglietti et al., 2006)
            anon-WO0118547.148
            dRNR2
            (Legent et al., 2004)
            rnr2
            (Moon et al., 2008, Moon et al., 2006, Moon et al., 2005, Korenjak et al., 2004)
            rnrS
            (Kim et al., 2021, Kim et al., 2018, Bradley-Gill et al., 2016)
            Name Synonyms
            Ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase small subunit
            Ribonucleotide reductase
            (Somma et al., 2008)
            Ribonucleotide reductase small subunit
            (Foe et al., 1993)
            ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase small subunit
            (Duronio, 1994.5.4)
            Secondary FlyBase IDs
            • FBgn0062214
            Datasets (0)
            Study focus (0)
            Experimental Role
            Project
            Project Type
            Title
            Study result (0)
            Result
            Result Type
            Title
            External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 62 )
            Sequence Crossreferences
            NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
            GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
            GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
            RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
            UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
            UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            Other crossreferences
            AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
            BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
            DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
            EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
            FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
            FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
            InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
            KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
            MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
            Linkouts
            BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
            FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
            Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
            FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
            iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
            KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
            KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
            MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
            Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.
            References (131)