FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\DIP1
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\DIP1
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
DISCO Interacting Protein 1
Annotation Symbol
CG17686
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0024807
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
10 publicly available
Gene Summary
DISCO Interacting Protein 1 (DIP1) encodes a protein that binds to double-stranded RNA and pre-miRNA. It is involved in the defense response to virus. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-19] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

UbxBP1, klett

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
20A4-20A5
Sequence location
Recombination map
1-66
RefSeq locus
NC_004354 REGION:21624796..21630148
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (18 terms)
Molecular Function (6 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables double-stranded RNA binding
inferred from direct assay
(Catanese and Matthews, 2010, Bondos et al., 2004)
enables lncRNA binding
inferred from direct assay
(Wong et al., 2017)
enables pre-miRNA binding
inferred from direct assay
(Catanese and Matthews, 2010)
enables pre-mRNA intronic binding
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Tay and Pek, 2019)
enables protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Ubx; FB:FBgn0003944
(Bondos et al., 2004)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables double-stranded RNA binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN005287422
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables siRNA binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN005287422
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Biological Process (7 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in cellular response to virus
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Zhang et al., 2015)
involved_in defense response to virus
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Zhang et al., 2015)
involved_in germ-line stem-cell niche homeostasis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Wong et al., 2017)
involved_in lncRNA catabolic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Wong et al., 2017)
involved_in pre-mRNA catabolic process
inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VHB0
(Tay and Pek, 2019)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in regulation of regulatory ncRNA processing
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN005287422
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in siRNA processing
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN005287422
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (5 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(DeSousa et al., 2003)
is_active_in nuclear body
inferred from direct assay
(Wong et al., 2017)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(DeSousa et al., 2003)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in cytoplasm
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN005287422
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN005287422
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
part_of RISC complex
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN005287422
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
part_of RISC-loading complex
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN005287422
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
DISCO Interacting Protein 1 (DIP1) encodes a protein that binds to double-stranded RNA and pre-miRNA. It is involved in the defense response to virus. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-19]
Summary (Interactive Fly)

double-stranded RNA binding protein - regulates the abundance of stable intronic sequence RNAs (sisRNAs) - controls germline stem cell self-renewal - involved in innate immunity - prevents transcriptional activation by Ubx

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
8
Number of Unique Polypeptides
6

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\DIP1 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9TW27)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.52

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
DIP1-RB
FBtr0077371
NM_167773
3553
409
DIP1-RC
FBtr0077372
NM_079929
2559
395
DIP1-RD
FBtr0077373
NM_167772
2604
410
DIP1-RE
FBtr0300373
NM_001169343
3823
378
DIP1-RF
FBtr0300374
NM_167774
3508
394
DIP1-RG
FBtr0301292
NM_001169344
3195
378
DIP1-RH
FBtr0301293
NM_001169345
2466
309
DIP1-RI
FBtr0301294
NM_001169346
3477
378
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
DIP1-PB
FBpp0077063
44.4
409
7.13
A4V4V2
NP_728450
AAN09008
DIP1-PC
FBpp0077064
43.0
395
8.42
Q9U4F5
NP_524668
AAN09006
DIP1-PD
FBpp0077065
44.6
410
8.72
Q9TW27
NP_728449
AAN09007
DIP1-PE
FBpp0289602
41.0
378
6.38
Q8MRC7
NP_001162814
ACZ95347
DIP1-PF
FBpp0289603
42.8
394
6.80
Q9W5S7
NP_728451
AAF45390
DIP1-PG
FBpp0290507
41.0
378
6.38
Q8MRC7
NP_001162815
ACZ95348
DIP1-PH
FBpp0290508
34.0
309
8.06
Q9TW12
NP_001162816
ACZ95349
DIP1-PI
FBpp0290509
41.0
378
6.38
Q8MRC7
NP_001162817
ACZ95350
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

378 aa isoforms: DIP1-PE, DIP1-PG, DIP1-PI
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records
 
UniProt
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\DIP1 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.83

Transcript Expression
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(DeSousa et al., 2003)
is_active_in nuclear body
inferred from direct assay
(Wong et al., 2017)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(DeSousa et al., 2003)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\DIP1 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 8 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 17 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of DIP1
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of DIP1
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (2)
Hsap\ADARB1
1 of 14
Yes
No
3  
Hsap\ADARB2
1 of 14
Yes
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (2)
Rnor\Adarb1
1 of 14
Yes
No
Rnor\Adarb2
1 of 14
Yes
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (2)
Mmus\Adarb1
1 of 14
Yes
No
Mmus\Adarb2
1 of 14
Yes
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (3)
Drer\adarb1a
1 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\adarb1b
1 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\adarb2
1 of 14
Yes
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (2)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP004281
6 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001028
3 of 12
No
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:DIP1. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (2)
blanks
5 of 13
CG12493
5 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    FlyBase
    External Links
    External Data
    Linkouts
    Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    X
    Recombination map
    1-66
    Cytogenetic map
    20A4-20A5
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    20A4-20A5
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CG1702EP1525 and P{EP}EP1465&P{EP}CG1486EP1192
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    20A-20A
    (Mukhopadhyay, 1999.8.5, Mukhopadhyay, 1999.9.1, Robert, 1999.12.8)
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location

    1-66

    (FlyBase, 2016)

    1-66.2

    (Comeron et al., 2012)
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (10)
    Genomic Clones (10)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (106)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
      RNAi and Array Information
      Linkouts
      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
      Antibody Information
      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
       

      polyclonal

      (Wong et al., 2017)

      monoclonal

      (Na et al., 2016)
      Commercially Available Antibodies
       
      Cell Line Information
      Publicly Available Cell Lines
       
        Other Stable Cell Lines
         
          Other Comments

          Ternary complex formation can occur between UbxIb protein, DIP1-c protein and Ubx target DNA.

          (Bondos et al., 2004)

          Identification: Yeast two hybrid screen for proteins that interact with disco.

          (Mukhopadhyay et al., 1998)
          Relationship to Other Genes
          Source for database merge of
          Additional comments

          "DIP1" does not correspond to the "flam" locus.

          (Mevel-Ninio et al., 2007)

          Source for identity of UbxBP1 CG17686 was sequence comparison ( date:000504 ).

          (FlyBase, 1996-)
          Nomenclature History
          Source for database identify of

          Source for identity of: UbxBP1 CG17686

          (FlyBase, 1996-)
          Nomenclature comments
          Etymology
          Synonyms and Secondary IDs (16)
          Reported As
          Symbol Synonym
          CG17686
          (Çiçek et al., 2016, Na et al., 2016, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Nishida et al., 2007, Mount, 2001.8.14)
          DIP1
          (Dyson et al., 2025, Chan and Pek, 2024, Ng et al., 2024, Riemondy et al., 2023, Pennemann et al., 2021, Munafò et al., 2019, Tay and Pek, 2019, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, Pek, 2018, Hu et al., 2017.6.13, Wong et al., 2017, Na et al., 2016, Khan et al., 2015, Hsiao et al., 2014, Lavrenov et al., 2014, Olesnicky et al., 2014, Immonen and Ritchie, 2012, Rodriguez et al., 2012, Usov et al., 2011, Catanese and Matthews, 2010, Potapova et al., 2009, Venken et al., 2009, Brennecke et al., 2007, Mevel-Ninio et al., 2007, Nefedova et al., 2007, Bergman et al., 2006)
          TO34
          (Robert et al., 2001)
          TO67
          (Robert et al., 2001)
          UbxBP1
          (Catanese and Matthews, 2002, Robert et al., 2001, Tan, 1999.12.21)
          clot 10495
          (Robert et al., 2001)
          clot 2020
          (Robert et al., 2001)
          dip1
          (Warsaba et al., 2020, Zhang et al., 2015, De Sousa et al., 2000, Mukhopadhyay, 1999.8.5, Mukhopadhyay, 1999.8.5, Mukhopadhyay, 1999.9.1, Robert, 1999.9.2, Robert, 1999.12.8)
          dip1a
          (Robert et al., 2001)
          klt
          (Krauss et al., 2001)
          Name Synonyms
          DISCO Interacting Protein 1
          (Mukhopadhyay et al., 1998)
          Disco-interacting protein 1
          (Pek, 2018)
          Disconnected Interacting Protein 1
          (Zhang et al., 2015)
          Disconnected-interacting protein 1
          (Hsiao et al., 2014)
          Ultrabithorax binding protein 1
          (Tan, 1999.12.21)
          klett
          (Krauss et al., 2001, Robert et al., 2001, Krauss, 1999.11.8)
          Secondary FlyBase IDs
            Datasets (0)
            Study focus (0)
            Experimental Role
            Project
            Project Type
            Title
            Study result (0)
            Result
            Result Type
            Title
            External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 123 )
            Sequence Crossreferences
            NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
            GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
            GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
            RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
            UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
            UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            Other crossreferences
            AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
            BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
            DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
            EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
            FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
            FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
            InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
            KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
            MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
            Linkouts
            BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
            FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
            FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
            Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
            iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
            Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
            MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
            References (78)