FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\Sf3b3
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Sf3b3
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Splicing factor 3b subunit 3
Annotation Symbol
CG13900
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0035162
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
4 publicly available
Gene Summary
Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as a component of the splicing factor SF3B complex, a constituent of the spliceosome (PubMed:18981222). SF3B complex is required for 'A' complex assembly formed by the stable binding of U2 snRNP to the branchpoint sequence (BPS) in pre-mRNA (PubMed:18981222). Sequence independent binding of SF3A/SF3B complex upstream of the branch site is essential, it may anchor U2 snRNP to the pre-mRNA (By similarity). May also be involved in the assembly of the 'E' complex (By similarity). Also belongs to the minor U12-dependent spliceosome, which is involved in the splicing of rare class of nuclear pre-mRNA intron (By similarity). (UniProt, Q9W0M7)
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
61D2-61D2
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-0.5
RefSeq locus
NT_037436 REGION:826720..833385
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (9 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables nucleic acid binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR004871
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables U2 snRNA binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000068443
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Biological Process (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in mRNA splicing, via spliceosome
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000068443
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred by curator from GO:0071011,GO:0071013
(Herold et al., 2009)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with SGD:S000004513
(Mount and Salz, 2000)
Cellular Component (6 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of catalytic step 2 spliceosome
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Herold et al., 2009)
part_of precatalytic spliceosome
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Herold et al., 2009)
part_of SAGA complex
inferred from direct assay
(Stegeman et al., 2016)
part_of U2 snRNP
inferred from direct assay
(Stegeman et al., 2016)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000068362
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
located_in nucleus
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR004871
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
part_of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with SGD:S000004513
(Mount and Salz, 2000)
part_of U2 snRNP
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with SGD:S000004513
(Mount and Salz, 2000)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000068443
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the RSE1 family. (Q9W0M7)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
SAGA COMPLEX -
The Spt-Ada-Gcn5 Acetyltransferase (SAGA) complex is a chromatin modifying complex. SAGA can acetylate and deubiquitinate histone residues. Also SAGA has been shown to regulate the transcriptional activation of a subset of genes. (Adapted from FBrf0228923, FBrf0219841 and FBrf0233349).
U2 SMALL NUCLEAR RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN PARTICLE -
The U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle (U2 snRNP) contains U2 snRNA. It is recruited to the spliceosome after U1 snRNP and forms a stable interaction with the branch site and 3' splice site in pre-mRNA. (Adapted from PMID:23829528 and PMID:21441581).
SPLICEOSOME COMPLEX A -
Nuclear pre-mRNA splicing is catalyzed by the spliceosome which assembles in a step-wise manner. Complex A, the pre-spliceosome, is composed of U1 and U2 snRNPs and proteins involved in recognition of the 5' splice site and branch point. (Adapted from PMID:24452469 and PMID:23118483).
SPLICEOSOME COMPLEX B -
Nuclear pre-mRNA splicing is catalyzed by the spliceosome which assembles in a step-wise manner. After the assembly of complex A on pre-mRNA, the U4-U6 and U5 snRNPs are recruited as a preassembled tri-snRNP to form complex B. U5 snRNP binds exons at the 5' site. (Adapted from PMID:24452469 and PMID:23118483).
SPLICEOSOME COMPLEX C -
Nuclear pre-mRNA splicing is catalyzed by the spliceosome which assembles in a step-wise manner. Complex B undergoes a number of structural rearrangements and U4 and U1 snRNPs dissociate to generate complex C, the catalytic spliceosome. (Adapted from PMID:24452469 and PMID:23118483).
SPLICEOSOME COMPLEX P -
Nuclear pre-mRNA splicing is catalyzed by the spliceosome which assembles in a step-wise manner. Complex P, the post-spliceosomal complex, is formed after the catalytic removal of the intron by complex C. Complex P contains the lariat intron and spliced exons. (Adapted from PMID:24452469 and PMID:23118483).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as a component of the splicing factor SF3B complex, a constituent of the spliceosome (PubMed:18981222). SF3B complex is required for 'A' complex assembly formed by the stable binding of U2 snRNP to the branchpoint sequence (BPS) in pre-mRNA (PubMed:18981222). Sequence independent binding of SF3A/SF3B complex upstream of the branch site is essential, it may anchor U2 snRNP to the pre-mRNA (By similarity). May also be involved in the assembly of the 'E' complex (By similarity). Also belongs to the minor U12-dependent spliceosome, which is involved in the splicing of rare class of nuclear pre-mRNA intron (By similarity).
(UniProt, Q9W0M7)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Sf3b3 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9W0M7)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.48

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Sf3b3-RA
FBtr0072597
NM_167842
4222
1227
Sf3b3-RC
FBtr0331404
NM_001274294
4329
469
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Sf3b3-PA
FBpp0072494
136.6
1227
5.13
Q9W0M7
NP_728546
AAF47416
Sf3b3-PC
FBpp0303821
52.1
469
5.22
M9PDJ8
NP_001261223
AGB93918
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Identified in the spliceosome A complex; remains associated with the spliceosome throughout the splicing process (By similarity). Component of the spliceosome B complex (By similarity). Identified in the spliceosome C complex (By similarity). Identified in the spliceosome E complex (By similarity). Component of the U11/U12 snRNPs that are part of the U12-type spliceosome (By similarity). Component of splicing factor SF3B complex (PubMed:18981222). Identified in the SAGA transcription regulatory histone acetylation (HAT) complex; the interaction is RNA-independent (PubMed:27185460).

(UniProt, Q9W0M7)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Sf3b3 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.56

Transcript Expression
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of catalytic step 2 spliceosome
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Herold et al., 2009)
part_of precatalytic spliceosome
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Herold et al., 2009)
part_of SAGA complex
inferred from direct assay
(Stegeman et al., 2016)
part_of U2 snRNP
inferred from direct assay
(Stegeman et al., 2016)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Sf3b3 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 1-3
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 7-8
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 3 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 4 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Sf3b3
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Sf3b3
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(3L)Exel6086
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Inferred from location ( 10 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (3)
Hsap\SF3B3
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Hsap\CPSF1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\DDB1
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (3)
Rnor\Sf3b3
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Cpsf1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Ddb1
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (3)
Mmus\Sf3b3
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Cpsf1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Ddb1
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (2)
Xtro\sf3b3
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\ddb1
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (3)
Drer\sf3b3
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\cpsf1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\ddb1
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (3)
Cele\teg-4
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\cpsf-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\ddb-1
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (3)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP005549
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002472
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011340
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (6)
Atha\SAP130a
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\SAP130b
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT3G11960
3 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\CPSF160
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\DDB1A
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\DDB1B
1 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)
Scer\RSE1
12 of 13
Yes
Yes
Scer\CFT1
2 of 13
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (4)
Spom\prp12
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Spom\cft1
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\ddb1
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\rik1
1 of 12
No
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Sf3b3. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (2)
Cpsf160
3 of 13
pic
3 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    SF3B3; splicing factor 3b subunit 3
    14 of 14
    605592
         
        Functional Complementation Data
        Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
        Interactions
        Summary of Physical Interactions
        Interaction Browsers
        View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
        Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
        protein-protein
        Physical Interaction
        Assay
        References
        Sf3b3 - Ada1-2
        anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
        (Stegeman et al., 2016)
        Sf3b3 - Ada2b
        anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
        (Stegeman et al., 2016)
        Sf3b3 - Atxn7
        anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
        (Stegeman et al., 2016)
        Sf3b3 - CG7810
        experimental knowledge based
        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Sf3b3 - Lrpprc2
        experimental knowledge based
        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Sf3b3 - Saf6
        anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
        (Stegeman et al., 2016)
        Sf3b3 - Sf3b1
        experimental knowledge based
        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Sf3b3 - Sf3b5
        anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, two hybrid, experimental knowledge based
        (Stegeman et al., 2016, Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Sf3b3 - Sf3b6
        experimental knowledge based
        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
        Sf3b3 - Sgf29
        anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, two hybrid
        (Stegeman et al., 2016)
        Sf3b3 - Spt20
        anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
        (Stegeman et al., 2016)
        Sf3b3 - Spt3
        anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
        (Stegeman et al., 2016)
        Sf3b3 - Spt7
        two hybrid
        (Stegeman et al., 2016)
        Sf3b3 - snf
        anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
        (Stegeman et al., 2016)
        Sf3b3 - wda
        anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, two hybrid
        (Stegeman et al., 2016)
        RNA-protein
        Physical Interaction
        Assay
        References
        Sf3b3 - polo
        pull down, Identification by mass spectrometry
        (Oliveira et al., 2019)
        Summary of Genetic Interactions
        Interaction Browsers
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        External Data
        Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
        Identified in the spliceosome A complex; remains associated with the spliceosome throughout the splicing process (By similarity). Component of the spliceosome B complex (By similarity). Identified in the spliceosome C complex (By similarity). Identified in the spliceosome E complex (By similarity). Component of the U11/U12 snRNPs that are part of the U12-type spliceosome (By similarity). Component of splicing factor SF3B complex (PubMed:18981222). Identified in the SAGA transcription regulatory histone acetylation (HAT) complex; the interaction is RNA-independent (PubMed:27185460).
        (UniProt, Q9W0M7 )
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        Pathways
        Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
        Metabolic Pathways
        FlyBase
        External Links
        External Data
        Linkouts
        KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
        Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
        Class of Gene
        Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
        Chromosome (arm)
        3L
        Recombination map
        3-0.5
        Cytogenetic map
        61D2-61D2
        Sequence location
        FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Evidence for location
        61D2-61D2
        Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)0596705967 and P{PZ}l(3)0264002640
        Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Notes
        References
        Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
        Location

        3-0.5

        (FlyBase, 2016)

        3-0.7

        (Comeron et al., 2012)
        Left of (cM)
        Right of (cM)
        Notes
        Stocks and Reagents
        Stocks (4)
        Genomic Clones (10)
         

        Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

        cDNA Clones (113)
         

        Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

        cDNA clones, fully sequenced
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

        For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

        cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        RNAi and Array Information
        Linkouts
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Antibody Information
        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
         
        Commercially Available Antibodies
         
        Cell Line Information
        Publicly Available Cell Lines
         
          Other Stable Cell Lines
           
            Other Comments

            Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) down-regulates a distinct splice isoform(s) of this gene.

            (Hansen et al., 2009)

            RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene results in a long metaphase spindle with misaligned chromosomes when assayed in S2 cells. This phenotype can be observed when the screen is performed with or without Cdc27 dsRNA.

            (Goshima et al., 2007)

            Area matching Drosophila EST AA567184.

            (Davies, 2001.3.15)
            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database merge of
            Additional comments

            The "l(3)0083500835" allele fails to complement alleles of the "l(3)61Db-S" and "l(3)61Dc" loci to varying extents. This suggests that the "l(3)61Db-S" and "l(3)61Dc" loci may be physically close to each other so that the single P-element insertion that causes "l(3)0083500835" (P{PZ}l(3)0083500835) may impair the function of both genes. From the position of the P{PZ}l(3)0083500835 insertion, it is likely that "l(3)61Db-S" and "l(3)61Dc" correspond to "CG13900" and "CG13886", although a one-to-one assignment cannot be established.

            (Saito et al., 2002)
            Nomenclature History
            Source for database identify of

            Source for identity of: Sf3b3 CG13900

            (Stegeman et al., 2016)
            Nomenclature comments
            Etymology
            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (6)
            Datasets (0)
            Study focus (0)
            Experimental Role
            Project
            Project Type
            Title
            Study result (0)
            Result
            Result Type
            Title
            External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 54 )
            Sequence Crossreferences
            NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
            GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
            GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
            RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
            UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
            UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            Other crossreferences
            AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
            BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
            DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
            EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
            FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
            FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
            InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
            KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
            MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
            Linkouts
            BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
            FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
            FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
            Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
            FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
            iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
            KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
            MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
            References (78)