FB2025_05 , released December 11, 2025
Gene: Dmel\sinah
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\sinah
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
sina homologue
Annotation Symbol
CG13030
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0259794
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
5 publicly available
Gene Summary
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. The adapter phyl is required to direct the degradation of the two isoforms of the transcriptional repressor Tramtrack (Ttk). E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. It probably triggers the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of different substrates. A phyl-independent mechanism of degradation exists for isoform beta of ttk that involves motifs in the C-terminus of ttk. (UniProt, Q8T3Y0)
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
73D3-73D3
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-45
RefSeq locus
NT_037436 REGION:16859080..16860529
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (12 terms)
Molecular Function (5 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:O77291
(Subramanian et al., 2003)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables ubiquitin conjugating enzyme binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000817023
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000817023
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables ubiquitin-protein transferase activity
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q8IUQ4
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
enables zinc ion binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR013010
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from sequence model
(Ying et al., 2011)
Biological Process (5 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in proteasomal protein catabolic process
inferred from direct assay
(Cooper et al., 2008)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000817023
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in regulation of R7 cell differentiation
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P21461
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
involved_in sensory organ development
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P21461
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
involved_in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR004162, InterPro:IPR018121
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in cytoplasm
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000817023
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR018121
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
located_in nucleus
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P21461
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the SINA (Seven in absentia) family. (Q8T3Y0)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
UNCLASSIFIED RING DOMAIN UBIQUITIN LIGASES -
This group comprises RING domain ubiquitin ligases that do not classify under other groups in FlyBase.
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. The adapter phyl is required to direct the degradation of the two isoforms of the transcriptional repressor Tramtrack (Ttk). E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. It probably triggers the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of different substrates. A phyl-independent mechanism of degradation exists for isoform beta of ttk that involves motifs in the C-terminus of ttk.
(UniProt, Q8T3Y0)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\sinah for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q8T3Y0)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
sinah-RC
FBtr0301683
NM_140670
1450
351
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
sinah-PC
FBpp0290897
39.6
351
7.74
Q8T3Y0
NP_648927
AAF49402
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with ebi and phyl.

(UniProt, Q8T3Y0)
Domain

The RING-type zinc finger domain is essential for ubiquitin ligase activity.

The SBD domain (substrate-binding domain) mediates the homodimerization and the interaction with substrate proteins. It is related to the TRAF family.

(UniProt, Q8T3Y0)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\sinah using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

5.08

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
pupal stage
organism
(Cooper, 2007)
adult stage | male
organism
(Cooper, 2007)
Additional Descriptive Data

sinah is detected in pupae and adults. Expression is much higher in males than females.

(Cooper, 2007)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\sinah in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 2 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 3 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of sinah
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of sinah
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(3L)Exel9003
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Df(3L)Exel9004
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Inferred from location ( 5 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
viable
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Sterility
Allele
female fertile
male fertile
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (20)
Hsap\SIAH1
8 of 14
Yes
No
1  
Hsap\SIAH2
7 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\SIAH3
4 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CYHR1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\LNX2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PDZRN3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PDZRN4
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\RNF41
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\RNF114
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\RNF138
1 of 14
No
Yes
1  
Hsap\RNF151
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TRAF1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TRAF2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TRAF3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TRAF4
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TRAF5
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TRAF6
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TRAF7
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TRIM50
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\TRIM62
1 of 14
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (17)
Rnor\Siah1
8 of 14
Yes
No
Rnor\Siah2
7 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Siah3
4 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Cyhr1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pdzrn3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Rnf41
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Rnf114
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Rnf125
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Rnf138
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Rnf151
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Rnf166
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Traf3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Traf4
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Traf5
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Traf6
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Traf7
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Trim50
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (17)
Mmus\Siah1a
8 of 14
Yes
No
Mmus\Siah1b
8 of 14
Yes
No
Mmus\Siah2
6 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Siah3
4 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Cyhr1
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Pdzrn3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Rnf41
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Rnf114
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Rnf138
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Rnf151
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Rnf166
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Traf3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Traf4
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Traf5
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Traf6
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Traf7
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Trim50
1 of 14
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (11)
Xtro\siah1
6 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\siah2
3 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pmt
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pdzrn3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\rnf41
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\rnf151
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\scaf11
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\siah3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\traf3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\traf5
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\traf6
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (19)
Drer\siah1
8 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\siah2l
7 of 14
No
No
Drer\cyhr1
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\btr02
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\btr30
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\ftr43
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\ftr50
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\lnx2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\pdzrn3a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\pdzrn3b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\rag1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\rnf41
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\rnf41l
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\rnf151
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\traf3
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\traf4a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\traf4b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\traf6
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\traf7
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (3)
Cele\siah-1
6 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\spat-3
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\trf-1
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (9)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006127
7 of 12
Yes
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002322
4 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011871
4 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000377
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002264
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002323
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001882
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003004
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP010017
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (17)
Atha\AT2G41980
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT3G61790
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT4G27880
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT5G53360
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\SINAT2
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT3G13672
9 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT1G66610
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G66620
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G66630
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G66650
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G66660
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G37870
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G37890
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G37900
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G37910
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G37930
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G62800
2 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:sinah. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (11)
sina
10 of 13
CG2681
4 of 13
CG34375
3 of 13
CG6688
2 of 13
CG32486
2 of 13
CG9014
1 of 13
dnr1
1 of 13
elgi
1 of 13
nopo
1 of 13
Traf4
1 of 13
Traf6
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    SIAH1; siah E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1
    8 of 14
    602212
       
      SIAH2; siah E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2
      7 of 14
      602213
           
          SIAH3; siah E3 ubiquitin protein ligase family member 3
          4 of 14
          615609
              Functional Complementation Data
              Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
              Interactions
              Summary of Physical Interactions
              Summary of Genetic Interactions
              Interaction Browsers
              View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
              Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
              Starting gene(s)
              Interaction type
              Interacting gene(s)
              Reference
              Starting gene(s)
              Interaction type
              Interacting gene(s)
              Reference
              cindr
              suppressible
              sinah
              (Ketosugbo et al., 2017)
              External Data
              Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
              Interacts with ebi and phyl.
              (UniProt, Q8T3Y0 )
              Linkouts
              BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
              DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
              MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
              Pathways
              Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
              Metabolic Pathways
              FlyBase
              External Links
              External Data
              Linkouts
              KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
              Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
              Class of Gene
              Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
              Chromosome (arm)
              3L
              Recombination map
              3-45
              Cytogenetic map
              73D3-73D3
              Sequence location
              FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
              Cytogenetic map
              Evidence for location
              73D3-73D3
              Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}Baldspot02281 and P{PZ}blot01658
              Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
              Cytogenetic map
              Notes
              References
              Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
              Location

              3-45

              (FlyBase, 2016)

              3-39.5

              (Comeron et al., 2012)
              Left of (cM)
              Right of (cM)
              Notes
              Stocks and Reagents
              Stocks (5)
              Genomic Clones (20)
              cDNA Clones (120)
               

              Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

              cDNA clones, fully sequenced
              BDGP DGC clones
              Other clones
              Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

              For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

              cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
              BDGP DGC clones
              Other clones
              RNAi and Array Information
              Linkouts
              DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
              Antibody Information
              Laboratory Generated Antibodies
               
              Commercially Available Antibodies
               
              Cell Line Information
              Publicly Available Cell Lines
               
                Other Stable Cell Lines
                 
                  Other Comments

                  CG13030 shares 45% amino acid identity with sina, a ring finger domain of the C3HC4 type and the same protein binding partners. The results of pathway analysis, together with the shared domain organisation, suggest that CG13030 may overlap with sina as a regulator of photoreceptor differentiation.

                  (Giot et al., 2003)

                  Recovered from a yeast two-hybrid screen for interactors with numb protein.

                  (Turner et al., 1996)
                  Relationship to Other Genes
                  Source for database merge of

                  Source for merge of: sinah CG13030

                  (Cooper, 2007)

                  Source for merge of: CG13030 anon-WO0140519.228

                  (FlyBase, 1996-)
                  Additional comments

                  Source for merge of CG13030 anon-WO0140519.228 was sequence comparison ( date:051113 ).

                  (FlyBase, 1996-)
                  Nomenclature History
                  Source for database identify of
                  Nomenclature comments
                  Etymology
                  Synonyms and Secondary IDs (7)
                  Datasets (0)
                  Study focus (0)
                  Experimental Role
                  Project
                  Project Type
                  Title
                  Study result (0)
                  Result
                  Result Type
                  Title
                  External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 48 )
                  Sequence Crossreferences
                  NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                  GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                  GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                  RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                  UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                  UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                  Other crossreferences
                  AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                  DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                  EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                  FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                  InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                  KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                  MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                  Linkouts
                  BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                  Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                  DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                  DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                  Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                  FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                  FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                  Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                  Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                  FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
                  iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                  KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                  MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                  Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                  References (40)