abnormal flight (with lace2)
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage (with lace2)
partially lethal (with lace1)
partially lethal (with lace2)
partially lethal (with lace8)
adult fat body (with lace2)
axon | adult stage (with lace2)
growth cone (with lace2)
Kenyon cell (with lace2)
lipid droplet | adult stage (with lace2)
NMJ bouton | decreased number | larval stage (with lace2)
NMJ bouton | decreased number | larval stage (with lace7)
terminal bouton | larval stage (with lace2)
Unlike wild-type and lace[2] heterozygous controls, lacek05305/lace2 and lacek05305/laceU2 transheterozygous adults show a mushroom body "lost-lobe" phenotype in about half of cases; the overall dendrite organization in lacek05305/lace2 seems unaffected, as indicated by microtubule polarity (nod) and compartment identity (Apc2, DenMark, etc). Single cell analysis reveals a failure of lacek05305/lace2 mushroom body neurons to extend their axon branches dorsally, instead developing parallel horizontal branches. In lacek05305/lace2 larvae and pupae the vertical α/α' Kenyon cell lobe is already missing. Despite the missing lobe in larvae, the α/β axons and α'/β' axons still segregate into distinct horizontal lobes; there is non-segregation of the α' and β' growth cones, despite of unperturbed peduncle development; γ Kenyon cells do not seem to be affected.
lace2/lacek05305 and lacek05305/Df(3L)BSC671 larvae have significantly reduced bouton number and significantly increased bouton size at the neuromuscular junction of muscle 4, compared to controls, with no effect on the number of satellite boutons.
lacek05305/lace2 transheterozygous mutant adults present significantly decreased survival to starvation, decreased body weight, decreased adiposity in abdominal sections and decreased sizes of fat body cells and lipid droplets, but similar feeding behavior, as assessed by starvation-induced appetite, postprandial meal volume, average meal frequency and volume, and caloric intake, as compared to controls.
When raised on a standard diet, lacek05305 mutants survive to adulthood, although in reduced numbers. However, when these mutants are raised on lipid-depleted medium+cholesterol, 90% arrest as third instar larvae. This arrest is likely to be caused by the lack of dietary sphingolipid in lipid-depleted media. More than 80% of arrested lacek05305 mutant larvae remain viable for at least 10 days by which time their heterozygote siblings have pupariated. When raised on lipid-depleted medium with cholesterol, homozygous lacek05305 mutant larvae die 3 days earlier than their heterozygous siblings.
Heterozygotes have normal photoreceptor organisation.
lacek05305/lace2 adults have an average flight score of 1.41 +/- 0.063 compared to 1.62 +/- 0.14 in wild-type flies in a standard flight performance assay. The average number of dorsal longitudinal flight muscles per hemithorax is 5.94 +/- 0.030 in the mutant flies, compared to 6.00 +/- 0.00 in wild-type flies. Homozygotes show 91% lethality. Those adults that do survive have a lifespan of less than one week and have pronounced morphological defects; wings are notched and often fail to inflate, bristles are missing and the eyes are often rough with irregular ommatidia. Surviving adults have an average of 4.82 +/- 0.53 dorsal longitudinal flight muscles per hemithorax, compared to 6.00 +/- 0.00 in wild-type flies.
lacek05305/lace2 shows reduced viability. lacek05305/lace2 flies often show incision of the wing margin, and there is an ectopic crossvein. The hexagonal array of the ommatidia is disrupted, especially along the equatorial plane. The deep pseudopupil pattern is normal. In the notum, the microchaetae lack pigment and are occasionally missing, while the number of macrochaetae is variable. In the leg and antenna, bifurcation of the distal portion is rarely seen. The lethality and various adult mutant phenotypes of lacek05305/lace2 flies can be rescued by feeding with sphingosine. The adult mutant phenotypes cannot be rescued by exogenous sphingomyelin or ceramide. The wing, leg and eye-antennal discs of lacek05305/lace2 animals contain a considerably high number of dead cells. Severe malformation of the primordial wing blade is seen in the wing disc. The developing pupal eye shows loss of cells among cone cells, primary pigment cells, secondary pigment cells, tertiary pigment cells and interommatidial bristles.
laceU2/lacek05305 has abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage phenotype, enhanceable by Spt-I[+]/Spt-Il(2)49Fb-4
laceU2/lacek05305 has abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage phenotype, enhanceable by Spt-I[+]/Spt-IB2
lace2/lacek05305 has abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage phenotype, enhanceable by Scer\GAL4Dscam1.4.5/Dscam1TM1.UAS.RFP(Unk)
lace2/lacek05305 has abnormal starvation stress response | adult stage phenotype, enhanceable by Sply05091/Sply05091
lace2/lacek05305 has abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by Scer\GAL4Dscam1.4.5/Dscam1RNAi.UAS.17.1
lacek05305 has abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage phenotype, suppressible by hiwND9/hiwND9
lacek05305 has lethal | recessive phenotype, suppressible by Sply05091/Sply05091
lace2/lacek05305 has visible phenotype, suppressible by Dsor1Su1
lace2/lacek05305 has visible phenotype, suppressible by rlSem
lace[+]/lacek05305 is an enhancer of abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage phenotype of Df(2L)cl7/bchs58
lace[+]/lacek05305 is an enhancer of decreased cell number | third instar larval stage phenotype of Df(2L)cl7/bchs58
lace2/lacek05305 is an enhancer of abnormal starvation stress response | adult stage phenotype of Sply05091
lacek05305/lacek05305 is a suppressor of abnormal neuroanatomy | recessive | larval stage phenotype of hiwND9
lace[+]/lacek05305 is a suppressor of increased cell death phenotype of Sply05091
lace[+]/lacek05305 is a suppressor of lethal | recessive phenotype of Sply05091
lace[+]/lacek05305 is a suppressor of flightless | recessive phenotype of Sply05091
lace[+]/lacek05305 is a suppressor of semi-sterile | recessive phenotype of Sply05091
lace2/lacek05305 is a non-suppressor of abnormal feeding behavior | adult stage phenotype of Sply05091
hiwND9, lacek05305 has abnormal neuroanatomy | dominant | larval stage phenotype
hiwND9, lacek05305 has abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage phenotype
hiwND9, lacek05305 has increased size | larval stage phenotype
Bsg6925, lacek05305 has increased size | larval stage phenotype
Scer\GAL4elav.PU, Spt-IC129W.UAS, lace[+]/lacek05305 has abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage phenotype
laceU2/lacek05305 has lobe system of adult mushroom body phenotype, enhanceable by Spt-I[+]/Spt-Il(2)49Fb-4
laceU2/lacek05305 has lobe system of adult mushroom body phenotype, enhanceable by Spt-I[+]/Spt-IB2
laceU2/lacek05305 has lobe system of adult mushroom body phenotype, enhanceable by Scer\GAL4Dscam1.4.5/Dscam1TM1.UAS.RFP(Unk)
lace2/lacek05305 has adult fat body phenotype, non-enhanceable by Sply05091/Sply05091
lace2/lacek05305 has lipid droplet | adult stage phenotype, non-enhanceable by Sply05091/Sply05091
laceU2/lacek05305 has lobe system of adult mushroom body phenotype, suppressible | partially by Scer\GAL4Dscam1.4.5/Dscam1RNAi.UAS.17.1
lacek05305 has NMJ bouton | larval stage | decreased number phenotype, suppressible by hiwND9/hiwND9
lacek05305 has chaeta phenotype, suppressible by Sply05091/Sply05091
lacek05305 has eye phenotype, suppressible by Sply05091/Sply05091
lacek05305 has ommatidium phenotype, suppressible by Sply05091/Sply05091
lacek05305 has wing phenotype, suppressible by Sply05091/Sply05091
lace2/lacek05305 has microchaeta phenotype, suppressible by rlSem
lace2/lacek05305 has wing disc phenotype, suppressible by hepr75
lace2/lacek05305 has wing phenotype, suppressible by Dsor1Su1
lace2/lacek05305 has crossvein phenotype, suppressible by Dsor1Su1
lace2/lacek05305 has ommatidium phenotype, suppressible by Dsor1Su1
lace2/lacek05305 has microchaeta phenotype, suppressible by Dsor1Su1
lace2/lacek05305 has macrochaeta phenotype, suppressible by Dsor1Su1
lace2/lacek05305 has wing phenotype, suppressible by rlSem
lace[+]/lacek05305 is an enhancer of larval RP2 motor neuron | third instar larval stage | decreased number phenotype of Df(2L)cl7/bchs58
lace[+]/lacek05305 is an enhancer of larval DA1 motor neuron | third instar larval stage | decreased number phenotype of Df(2L)cl7/bchs58
lacek05305/lacek05305 is a suppressor of NMJ bouton | increased number | larval stage phenotype of hiwND9
lace[+]/lacek05305 is a suppressor of autophagosome | third instar larval stage | decreased number phenotype of Df(2L)cl7/bchs58
lace[+]/lacek05305 is a suppressor of eye phenotype of DrefUAS.cSa
lace[+]/lacek05305 is a suppressor of photoreceptor neuron phenotype of Scer\GAL4GMR.PF, shi1.UAS
lace[+]/lacek05305 is a suppressor of rhabdomere phenotype of Arr23
lace[+]/lacek05305 is a suppressor of rhabdomere phenotype of norpAP41
lace[+]/lacek05305 is a suppressor of dorsal longitudinal indirect flight muscle cell phenotype of Sply05091
hiwND9, lacek05305 has NMJ bouton | larval stage | decreased number phenotype
hiwND9, lacek05305 has embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction phenotype
Bsg6925, lacek05305 has NMJ bouton | larval stage | decreased number phenotype
Scer\GAL4elav.PU, Spt-IC129W.UAS, lace[+]/lacek05305 has embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction phenotype
The mushroom body "lost lobe" phenotype penetrance observed in lacek05305/lace2 transheterozygous adults is significantly increased and decreased by the Scer\GAL4Dscam1.4.5-driven expression of Dscam1TM1.UAS.RFP(Unk) and Dscam1miRNA.UAS.17.1, respectively.
lacek05305/lace2 transheterozygous adults that also express Vap33UAS.cPa under the control of Scer\GAL4Tab2-201Y do not show a mushroom body "lost lobe" phenotype.
Introduction of heterozygous lacek05305 in the presence of Spt-IC129W.Scer\UAS and the pan-neuronal driver Scer\GAL4elav.PU induces a 50% reduction of bouton numbers compared with wild-type.
lacek05305/lace2, Sply05091/Sply05091 adults exhibit a more severe decrease in survival in response to starvation as compared to either lacek05305/lace2 or Sply05091/Sply05091 mutants.
The decreased body weight, decreased adiposity in abdominal sections and decreased sizes of fat body cells and lipid droplets, observed in lacek05305/lace2 transheterozygous mutant adults are not altered by Sply05091 homozygosity.
The decreased feeding behavior observed in Sply05091 homozygous mutant adults, as assessed by their decreased starvation-induced appetite, decreased postprandial meal volume, decreased average meal frequency and volume, and decreased daily food intake, is not suppressed by lacek05305/lace2 transheterozygosity.
One copy of lacek05305 partially suppresses the degeneration of rhabdomeres seen in Arr23 flies; the rhabdomeres are mostly intact in the rescued flies, but some cellular degeneration (characterised by vacuoles and dark multivesicular bodies) is still seen. The degeneration of photoreceptor cells seen in flies expressing shi1.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4GMR.PF is substantially suppressed by lacek05305/+. One copy of lacek05305 suppresses the retinal degeneration seen in norpA39 flies.
Sply05091/Sply05091 lacek05305/+ adults have an average flight score of 1.41 +/- 0.063 compared to 2.60 +/- 0.032 in wild-type flies in a standard flight performance assay. The average number of dorsal longitudinal flight muscles per hemithorax is 5.13 +/- 0.26 in the mutant flies, compared to 6.00 +/- 0.00 in wild-type flies. Sply05091 lacek05305 double homozygotes show 61% lethality. The eye, bristle and wing defects of lacek05305 surviving adults are suppressed in Sply05091 lacek05305 double homozygotes.
rlSem suppresses the wing margin incision and loss of microchaetae phenotypes of lacek05305/lace2 flies.
lace2/lacek05305 is rescued by Scer\GAL4Dscam1.4.5/laceWT.UAS.Tag:HA
lace2/lacek05305 is rescued by Scer\GAL4repo.PL/laceWT.UAS.Tag:HA
lacek05305 is rescued by laceUAS.Tag:HA/Scer\GAL4Tub.PU
lacek05305 is rescued by laceUAS.Tag:HA/Scer\GAL4repo.PU
lace2/lacek05305 is rescued by laceUAS.Tag:HA/Scer\GAL469B
lace2/lacek05305 is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4Tab2-201Y/laceWT.UAS.Tag:HA
lacek05305 is partially rescued by laceUAS.Tag:HA/Scer\GAL4Mhc.PU
lacek05305 is not rescued by Scer\GAL4elav.PU/laceUAS.Tag:HA
Incision of the wing margin in lacek05305/lace2 flies is rescued by laceScer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1 expressed under the control of Scer\GAL469B.
I. Kiss.
The phenotype is caused by the P{lacW} insertion.
Complements: CycEk02602.