FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\E2f1[91]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\E2f1⁹¹

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0044773

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\E2f1

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Also Known As

de2f1⁹¹, dE2F⁹¹, E2F⁹¹

Key Links

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Allele class

loss of function allele

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Seum et al., 1996)

loss of function allele

(Du, 2000, Royzman et al., 1997)

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

(Duronio et al., 1995)

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Nucleotide substitution: C91T.

(Duronio et al., 1995)

Amino acid replacement: Q31term.

(Duronio et al., 1995)

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

point_mutation

3R:21,626,407..21,626,407 [-]

Nucleotide change:

C21626407T

Reported nucleotide change:

C91T

Amino acid change:

Reported amino acid change:

Q31term

(Duronio et al., 1995)

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

abnormal behavior

(Royzman et al., 1997)

abnormal developmental rate (with E2f1^rM729)

(Frolov et al., 2001)

abnormal developmental rate | larval stage

(Royzman et al., 1997)

abnormal developmental rate | larval stage (with E2f1^rM729)

(Du, 2000)

abnormal size | larval stage (with E2f1^rM729)

(Du, 2000)

decreased occurrence of cell division | larval stage (with E2f1^rM729)

(Du, 2000)

enhancer of variegation, with In(1)w^m4

(Sass and Henikoff, 1998)

enhancer of variegation | dominant, with Dp1187-8-23, In(1)w^m4h

(Seum et al., 1996)

female sterile, with E2f1^hs.PD

(Royzman et al., 2002)

lethal (with E2f1⁰⁷¹⁷²)

(Royzman et al., 1997)

lethal | recessive

(Du, 2000, Royzman et al., 1997, Seum et al., 1996, Duronio et al., 1995)

lethal - all die before end of larval stage (with E2f1^rM729)

(Frolov et al., 2001)

melanotic mass phenotype

(Royzman et al., 1997)

some die during larval stage (with E2f1^rM729)

(Frolov et al., 2001)

viable (with E2f1ⁱ²)

(Cayirlioglu et al., 2003)

Phenotype Manifest In

chordotonal organ

(Duronio et al., 1995)

egg chorion

(Royzman et al., 1999)

embryonic/larval optic lobe

(Du, 2000)

embryonic/larval optic lobe | larval stage (with E2f1^rM729)

(Du, 2000)

epidermis

(Duronio et al., 1995)

eye, with E2f1^hs.PD

(Royzman et al., 2002)

eye disc

(Du, 2000)

eye disc & mitotic cell cycle

(Du, 2000)

eye disc | larval stage (with E2f1^rM729)

(Du, 2000)

heterochromatin & nurse cell, with E2f1^hs.PD

(Royzman et al., 2002)

imaginal disc (with E2f1^rM729)

(Frolov et al., 2001)

peripheral nervous system

(Duronio et al., 1995)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

E2f⁹¹/+ flies exhibit no wing abnormalities when raised on a low dose of aminopterin (0.5mg/kg).

(Delanoue et al., 2004)

Homozygous mother exhibit a dramatic increase in the amount of heterochromatic DNA in the nurse cell nuclei. E2f⁹¹ animals partially rescued by E2f^hs.PD have rough eyes and are female sterile. Nurse cell heterochromatin is also increased.

(Royzman et al., 2002)

E2f⁹¹/E2f^rM729 transheterozygous larvae, are much smaller than wild-type, 5 days after egg laying. They fail to develop into 3rd instar larvae.

(Frolov et al., 2001)

E2f⁹¹/E2f¹⁶⁴ transheterozygotes develop normally, with no obvious developmental defects. The pattern of BrdU incorporation in E2f⁹¹/E2f¹⁶⁴ eye discs is the same as wild type. E2f⁹¹/E2f^rM729 transheterozygotes can develop into the late second instar or early third instar larval stage at a very slow pace (around 13 days after egg laying), but do not develop into pupae. BrdU incorporation is not seen in the optic lobe region of the brain in day 13 E2f⁹¹/E2f^rM729 larvae, in contrast to wild-type third instar larvae. The eye discs of E2f⁹¹/E2f^rM729 larvae are very small and have only a few cells labelled with BrdU with no specific pattern.

(Du, 2000)

E2fⁱ¹/E2f⁹¹ flies produce thin eggshells.

(Royzman et al., 1999)

Enhances the position effect variegation at the w locus caused by In(1)w^m4. Does not enhance the position effect variegation at the bw locus caused by In(2R)bw^VDe2 or Byron or the position effect variegation of w seen in the P{wA^R}41A insertion.

(Sass and Henikoff, 1998)

E2f1/Dp-dependent G[[1]]-S transcription is disrupted late in embryogenesis, but S phase takes place. Lethality of E2f1⁹¹/E2f1⁰⁷¹⁷² occurs at late larval, early pupal stages. Larval growth is dramatically delayed taking 288 to 432 hours from larvae to pupation compared to 120 hours for wild type. Five days after egg laying larvae are very sluggish and much smaller in size than wild type. Salivary glands, imaginal discs and the brain are greatly reduced in size in 5 day old larvae but they do grow to wild type proportions by the end of their larval life. Larvae also exhibit melanotic pseudotumours, they first appear 7 days after egg laying and they grow and darken as the larvae age.

(Royzman et al., 1997)

The five cell body array of the pentascolopidial chordotonal organ is disrupted.

(Duronio et al., 1995)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

E2f1ⁱ¹/E2f1⁹¹ has lethal phenotype, enhanceable by CycE[+]/CycE⁰⁵²⁰⁶

(Royzman et al., 1999)

E2f1⁹¹/E2f1⁰⁷¹⁷² has lethal phenotype, enhanceable | maternal effect by CycE[+]/CycE⁰⁵²⁰⁶

(Royzman et al., 1997)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

E2f1⁹¹/E2f1^rM729 has abnormal developmental rate phenotype, suppressible by Df(2R)vg-B/Dp^a2

(Frolov et al., 2001)

E2f1⁹¹/E2f1^rM729 has abnormal developmental rate phenotype, suppressible by Df(2L)G5.1/E2f2^76Q1

(Frolov et al., 2001)

E2f1⁹¹/E2f1^rM729 has lethal phenotype, suppressible by Rbf¹⁴/Rbf^120a

(Du, 2000)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

E2f[+]/E2f1⁹¹ is an enhancer of visible phenotype of sd^ETX4

(Delanoue et al., 2004)

NOT Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

E2f[+]/E2f1⁹¹ is a non-enhancer of visible | dominant | conditional phenotype of vg^null

(Delanoue et al., 2004)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

E2f1[+]/E2f1⁹¹ is a suppressor of visible phenotype of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E, crol^UAS.cMa

(Mitchell et al., 2008)

E2f1⁹¹ is a suppressor of neoplasia | somatic clone phenotype of Ras85D^V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL, scrib¹

(Brumby and Richardson, 2003)

E2f1⁹¹ is a suppressor of neoplasia | somatic clone | larval stage phenotype of Ras85D^V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL, scrib¹

(Brumby and Richardson, 2003)

E2f[+]/E2f1⁹¹ is a suppressor of increased cell death phenotype of Dref^UAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4^GMR.PS

(Hirose et al., 2001)

E2f1¹⁶⁴/E2f1⁹¹ is a suppressor of lethal | recessive phenotype of Rbf¹⁴

(Du, 2000)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

E2f1[+]/E2f1⁹¹ is a non-suppressor of visible phenotype of Dref^UAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

(Yoshida et al., 2001)

Other

Statement

Reference

E2f1⁹¹/E2f1^rM729, E2f2^g5/E2f2^76Q1 has decreased cell death | wandering third instar larval stage phenotype

(Moon et al., 2005)

CycD¹, E2f[+]/E2f1⁹¹ has viable phenotype

(Emmerich et al., 2004)

CycD², E2f[+]/E2f1⁹¹ has viable phenotype

(Emmerich et al., 2004)

CycD¹, E2f1⁹¹ has viable phenotype

(Emmerich et al., 2004)

CycD², E2f1⁹¹ has viable phenotype

(Emmerich et al., 2004)

E2f1ⁱ²/E2f1⁹¹, E2f2^1-188, E2f2³²⁹ has lethal phenotype

(Cayirlioglu et al., 2003)

E2f1¹⁶⁴/E2f1⁹¹, Rbf¹⁴/Rbf^120a has abnormal developmental rate | larval stage phenotype

(Du, 2000)

E2f1¹⁶⁴/E2f1⁹¹, Rbf¹⁴/Rbf^120a has increased cell death | larval stage phenotype

(Du, 2000)

E2f1¹⁶⁴/E2f1⁹¹, Rbf¹⁴/Rbf^120a has abnormal size | larval stage phenotype

(Du, 2000)

E2f1¹⁶⁴/E2f1⁹¹, Rbf¹⁴/Rbf^120a has abnormal body size | larval stage phenotype

(Du, 2000)

E2f1¹⁶⁴/E2f1⁹¹, Rbf¹⁴/Rbf^120a has increased occurrence of cell division | larval stage phenotype

(Du, 2000)

Phenotype Manifest In

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

E2f1⁹¹/E2f1^rM729 has imaginal disc phenotype, suppressible by Df(2L)G5.1/E2f2^76Q1

(Frolov et al., 2001)

E2f1⁹¹/E2f1^rM729 has embryonic/larval optic lobe phenotype, suppressible by Rbf¹⁴/Rbf^120a

(Du, 2000)

E2f1⁹¹/E2f1^rM729 has eye disc phenotype, suppressible by Rbf¹⁴/Rbf^120a

(Du, 2000)

E2f1⁹¹/E2f1^rM729 has eye disc & mitotic cell cycle phenotype, suppressible by Rbf¹⁴/Rbf^120a

(Du, 2000)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

E2f[+]/E2f1⁹¹ is an enhancer of wing margin phenotype of sd^ETX4

(Delanoue et al., 2004)

NOT Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

E2f[+]/E2f1⁹¹ is a non-enhancer of wing | conditional phenotype of vg^null

(Delanoue et al., 2004)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

E2f1[+]/E2f1⁹¹ is a suppressor of wing blade posterior compartment phenotype of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E, crol^UAS.cMa

(Mitchell et al., 2008)

E2f[+]/E2f1⁹¹ is a suppressor of eye phenotype of Hsap\MAPT^V337M.UAS, Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

(Khurana et al., 2006)

E2f[+]/E2f1⁹¹ is a suppressor | partially of follicle cell phenotype of E2f2^1-188, E2f2³²⁹

(Cayirlioglu et al., 2003)

E2f1[+]/E2f1⁹¹ is a suppressor of wing phenotype of Mmus\Cul1^UAS.cHa, Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

(Heriche et al., 2003)

E2f[+]/E2f1⁹¹ is a suppressor of eye phenotype of Dref^UAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4^GMR.PS

(Hirose et al., 2001)

E2f1¹⁶⁴/E2f1⁹¹ is a suppressor of ommatidium phenotype of Rbf¹⁴

(Du, 2000)

E2f1¹⁶⁴/E2f1⁹¹ is a suppressor of scutellar bristle phenotype of Rbf¹⁴

(Du, 2000)

E2f1¹⁶⁴/E2f1⁹¹ is a suppressor of eye phenotype of Rbf¹⁴

(Du, 2000)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

E2f1[+]/E2f1⁹¹ is a non-suppressor of wing blade posterior compartment phenotype of Dref^UAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

(Yoshida et al., 2001)

Other

Statement

Reference

E2f1⁹¹/E2f1^rM729, E2f2^c03344/E2f2^76Q1 has larval fat cell of larval fat body | third instar larval stage phenotype

(Zappia et al., 2021)

E2f1⁹¹/E2f1^rM729, E2f2^c03344/E2f2^76Q1 has nucleus | increased number | third instar larval stage phenotype

(Zappia et al., 2021)

E2f1⁹¹/E2f1^rM729, E2f2^g5/E2f2^76Q1 has wing disc | wandering third instar larval stage phenotype

(Moon et al., 2005)

E2f1¹⁶⁴/E2f1⁹¹, Rbf¹⁴/Rbf^120a has eye disc morphogenetic furrow | larval stage phenotype

(Du, 2000)

E2f1¹⁶⁴/E2f1⁹¹, Rbf¹⁴ has eye disc phenotype

(Du, 2000)

E2f1¹⁶⁴/E2f1⁹¹, Rbf¹⁴ has eye disc & mitotic cell cycle phenotype

(Du, 2000)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

E2f2^76Q1/E2f2^c03344, E2f1⁹¹/E2f1^rM729 third instar larvae exhibit binucleated cells in the fat body.

(Zappia et al., 2021)

The reduced size of the posterior compartment of the wing that is seen in animals expressing crol^Scer\UAS.cMa under the control of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E is suppressed if they are also heterozygous for E2f⁹¹.

(Mitchell et al., 2008)

vg^null/+, E2f⁹¹/+ flies display small notches at the wing tip when raised on a low dose of aminopterin (0.5mg/kg).

sd^ETX4/Y, E2f⁹¹/+ males display a severe mutant wing phenotype compared to sd^ETX4/Y males.

(Delanoue et al., 2004)

The addition of E2f⁹¹ suppresses the overproliferation phenotype seen in scrib¹, Ras85D^V12.Scer\UAS, Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL clones.

(Brumby and Richardson, 2003)

The ectopic genomic replication that is seen in the follicle cells of stage 13 E2f2³²⁹/E2f2^1-188 egg chambers is partially suppressed by E2f⁹¹/+; 55% of the double mutant egg chambers show a 50% reduction in the number of follicle cells exhibiting ectopic genomic replication compared to the single mutant egg chambers.

(Cayirlioglu et al., 2003)

The addition of E2f2^76Q1/Df(2L)G5.1 to E2f⁹¹/E2f^rM729 flies almost completely suppresses the E2f⁹¹/E2f^rM729 phenotypes - mutants develop normally without any significant delay in larval growth, reach pupal stage and finally die as mid- or late pupae. The pattern of DNA synthesis in eye discs is largely normal. The addition of Dp^a2/Df(2R)vg-B to E2f⁹¹/E2f^rM729 flies almost completely suppresses the E2f⁹¹/E2f^rM729 phenotypes - mutants develop normally without any significant delay in larval growth.

(Frolov et al., 2001)

The rough eye phenotype seen upon expression of Dref^Scer\UAS.cSa in the developing eye under the control of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PS is suppressed in an E2f⁹¹, heterozygous background.

(Hirose et al., 2001)

The early larval lethality of Rbf¹⁴/Y males is partially suppressed by E2f⁹¹/E2f¹⁶⁴; these larvae survive to the third larval instar stage. Their development is delayed by about 2 days compared to wild type, and most of the larvae can develop further into pupae. The Rbf¹⁴/Y ; E2f⁹¹/E2f¹⁶⁴ larvae and pupae are slightly smaller than wild type. Some develop into very late stage pupae with adult structures (such as eyes, legs, wings, cuticle and bristles) but they cannot completely eclose. There are two differences in the pattern of BrdU incorporation in the eye discs of Rbf¹⁴/Y ; E2f⁹¹/E2f¹⁶⁴ larvae compared to wild type. Firstly, the G₁ arrested region in the morphogenetic furrow is much narrower, cells just anterior to the morphogenetic furrow are not arrested in G₁, instead they become part of the first mitotic wave. Secondly, some cells posterior to the second mitotic wave still incorporate BrdU. Rbf¹⁴/Y ; E2f⁹¹/E2f¹⁶⁴ eye discs are slightly smaller than normal. There is increased cell death (seen just anterior to the morphogenetic furrow) in these eye discs compared to those of wild-type or E2f⁹¹/E2f¹⁶⁴ larvae. Adult Rbf¹⁴ flies rescued by expressing Rbf^hs.PD during the first 3 days after egg laying show a number of alterations in adult structures such as abnormal macrochaetae on the notum and rough eyes. These adult phenotypes are also rescued without heat shock if the flies are also carrying E2f⁹¹/E2f¹⁶⁴. The larval lethality of E2f⁹¹/E2f^rM729 animals can be suppressed by Rbf^120a/Rbf¹⁴; the larvae develop into large late third instar larvae and many can pupate. Some Rbf^120a/Rbf¹⁴ ; E2f⁹¹/E2f^rM729 animals can develop into pharate adults with adult eyes, legs and wing structures. The development of these larvae is significantly retarded compared to wild-type larvae, with the earliest pupae observed at around day 11 after egg laying. The normal pattern of DNA replication in the optic lobe region is restored in E2f⁹¹/E2f^rM729 larvae that are also carrying Rbf^120a/Rbf¹⁴. In Rbf^120a/Rbf¹⁴ ; E2f⁹¹/E2f^rM729 eye discs the overall pattern of DNA replication is normal. No significant cell death is seen in these eye discs. In late third instar discs there are about 25 rows of developing photoreceptor cells (as in wild-type discs) but there are much fewer cells anterior to the morphogenetic furrow than in wild type.

(Du, 2000)

One copy of CycE⁰⁵²⁰⁶ has no effect on the viability of E2fⁱ²/E2f⁹¹ flies. One copy of CycE⁰⁵²⁰⁶ enhances the lethality of E2fⁱ¹/E2f⁹¹ flies; no adults are recovered.

(Royzman et al., 1999)

Dominantly enhances the rough eye phenotype and reduction in the number of cells entering S phase posterior to the morphogenetic furrow seen in CycE^JP homozygotes.

(Secombe et al., 1998)

Lethality of E2f1⁹¹/E2f1⁰⁷¹⁷² transheterozygotes is dramatically enhanced by reducing the maternal dosage of CycE (CycE⁰⁵²⁰⁶).

(Royzman et al., 1997)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

The rough-eye phenotype observed in animals expressing Hsap\MAPT^{V337M.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF is suppressed in a E2f⁹¹/+ background.

(Khurana et al., 2006)

A E2f1⁹¹/+ background rescues wing size to wild-type in Mmus\Cul1^Scer\UAS.cHa/Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096 over-expression mutants.

(Heriche et al., 2003)

Complementation and Rescue Data

Fails to complement

E2f1^{E(Sev-CycE)3A}

(Lane et al., 2000)

Rescued by

E2f1⁹¹ is rescued by E2f1^hs.PS

(Seum et al., 1996)

Partially rescued by

E2f1⁹¹ is partially rescued by E2f1^hs.PD

(Royzman et al., 2002)

Comments

Mild heat induced expression of E2f^hs.PS can rescue homozygous lethality.

(Seum et al., 1996)

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (1)

Bloomington

84349

e^s E2f1⁹¹/TM3, Sb¹

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

N. Azpiazu and M. Frasch.

(Duronio et al., 1995)

Comments

Chromosome causes embryonic lethality due to a mutation other than E2f⁹¹.

(Royzman et al., 1997)

mir-11^Δ1 complements E2f⁹¹.

(Truscott et al., 2011)

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (9)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

E2F1⁹¹

(Mitchell et al., 2008, Emmerich et al., 2004)

E2F⁹¹

(Khurana et al., 2006, Delanoue et al., 2004, Heriche et al., 2003, Asano and Wharton, 1999, Sass and Henikoff, 1998)

E2f1⁹¹

(Zappia et al., 2021, Sloan et al., 2012, Cayirlioglu et al., 2003)

E2f⁹¹

(Hirose et al., 2001)

dE2F1⁹¹

(Legent et al., 2006, Royzman et al., 2002, Lane et al., 2000)

dE2F⁹¹

(Yoshida et al., 2001, de Nooij et al., 2000, Whittaker et al., 2000, Royzman et al., 1999, Tao et al., 1999, Duronio et al., 1998, Secombe et al., 1998)

dE2f1⁹¹

(Truscott et al., 2011)

de2f1⁹¹

(Moon et al., 2005, Frolov et al., 2003, Du, 2000)

e2f1⁹¹

(Brumby and Richardson, 2003)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (33)

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