FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\lwr[5]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\lwr⁵

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0122956

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\lwr

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Also Known As

Ubc9⁵

Key Links

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Capelson and Corces, 2006, Sun et al., 2003)

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

(Apionishev et al., 2001)

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Nucleotide substitution: G?A. Amino acid replacement: R104H.

(Apionishev et al., 2001)

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

point_mutation

2L:541,937..541,937 [-]

Nucleotide change:

G541937A

Reported nucleotide change:

G?A

Amino acid change:

R104H | lwr-PA; R104H | lwr-PB; R104H | lwr-PC; R104H | lwr-PD

Reported amino acid change:

R104H

(Apionishev et al., 2001)

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Disease

Evidence

References

model of hematologic cancer

CEA

(Kalamarz et al., 2012)

CEA with lwr^4-3

(Paddibhatla et al., 2010)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

Phenotype Manifest In

embryonic/larval crystal cell (with lwr^4-3)

(Chiu et al., 2005)

embryonic/larval crystal cell (with lwr¹⁴)

(Chiu et al., 2005)

embryonic/larval fat body (with lwr^4-3)

(Paddibhatla et al., 2010)

embryonic/larval hemocoel (with lwr^4-3)

(Paddibhatla et al., 2010)

embryonic/larval hemocyte | increased number (with lwr^4-3)

(Huang et al., 2005)

embryonic/larval plasmatocyte | increased number (with lwr^4-3)

(Huang et al., 2005)

hemocyte | increased number (with lwr^4-3)

(Chiu et al., 2005)

hemocyte | increased number (with lwr¹⁴)

(Chiu et al., 2005)

lamellocyte | increased number (with lwr^4-3)

(Chiu et al., 2005, Huang et al., 2005)

lamellocyte | increased number (with lwr¹⁴)

(Chiu et al., 2005)

melanotic mass | larval stage

(Huang et al., 2005)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

Loss of sumoylation in lwr^4-3/lwr⁵ mutants results in hyperactive immunity with blood cells infiltrating the fat body upon L.victoriae parasitic wasp infection.

(Paddibhatla et al., 2010)

Over 90% of lwr^4-3/lwr⁵ and lwr⁵/lwr¹⁴ larvae have melanotic tumours, which are surrounded by lamellocytes. Four days after egg lay, the amount of circulating hemocytes and lamellocytes are significantly higher in these transheterozygotes. Levels of circulating hemocytes continue to increase six days after egg lay in lwr^4-3/lwr⁵ mutants, but do not further increase after eight days. lwr^4-3/lwr⁵ mutants exhibit large hemocytes and a low penetrance of multinucleate hemocytes. There is no significant population of multinucleate hemocytes in lwr⁵/lwr¹⁴ mutants. There is a significant reduction in crystal cells in both lwr¹⁴/lwr⁵ (>20-fold) and lwr^4-3/lwr⁵ (5- to 10-fold) mutants. lwr^4-3/lwr⁵ mutants show a developmental delay and only 25% undergo pupariation on day 8.

(Chiu et al., 2005)

lwr⁵ mutants develop melanotic tumours during the third larval stage, which become particularly large in the posterior half of the body. In some cases, hemocytes can invade self-tissues such as fat body cells. The number of hemocytes in the hemolymph of lwr^4-3/lwr⁵ mutant larvae is significantly higher than in wild type and the number of lamellocytes is increased within the hemocyte pool. Most aggregated hemocytes consist of lamellocytes that are partially to fully melanized. Mitotic analyses of hemocytes show that lamellocytes do not divide in circulation so the excess number must be due to proliferation in the lymph gland. However, plasmatocytes and prohemocytes do divide in circulation in lwr^4-3/lwr⁵ mutants, while no such division occurs in wild type.

(Huang et al., 2005)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has abnormal immune response phenotype, suppressible by cact^E10

(Paddibhatla et al., 2010)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has neoplasia phenotype, suppressible by cact^E10

(Paddibhatla et al., 2010)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has melanotic mass phenotype | larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by cact^E8/cact^E10

(Chiu et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has melanotic mass phenotype | larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by Df(2L)J4/dl¹

(Chiu et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has melanotic mass phenotype | larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by Df(2L)TW119/Dif¹

(Chiu et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has melanotic mass phenotype | larval stage phenotype, suppressible by Df(2L)TW119/Df(2L)J4

(Chiu et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has increased cell number | larval stage phenotype, suppressible by Df(2L)J4/dl¹

(Huang et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has increased cell number | larval stage phenotype, suppressible | partially by Df(2L)J4/Dif²

(Huang et al., 2005)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

lwr⁵/lwr[+] is a suppressor of abnormal meiotic cell cycle | female phenotype of nod^DTW

(Apionishev et al., 2001)

Other

Statement

Reference

cact^E10, lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has lethal | wandering third instar larval stage phenotype

(Paddibhatla et al., 2010)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3, spz⁴ has lethal | wandering third instar larval stage phenotype

(Paddibhatla et al., 2010)

Phenotype Manifest In

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has embryonic/larval fat body phenotype, suppressible by cact^E10

(Paddibhatla et al., 2010)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has embryonic/larval hemocoel phenotype, suppressible by cact^E10

(Paddibhatla et al., 2010)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has hemocyte | increased number phenotype, suppressible by Df(2L)TW119/Df(2L)J4

(Chiu et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has hemocyte | increased number phenotype, suppressible by cact^E8/cact^E10

(Chiu et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has hemocyte | increased number phenotype, suppressible | partially by Df(2L)J4/dl¹

(Chiu et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has hemocyte | increased number phenotype, suppressible | partially by Df(2L)TW119/Dif¹

(Chiu et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has embryonic/larval hemocyte | increased number phenotype, suppressible | partially by Df(2L)J4/dl¹

(Huang et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has lamellocyte | increased number phenotype, suppressible by Df(2L)TW119/Df(2L)J4

(Chiu et al., 2005, Huang et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has lamellocyte | increased number phenotype, suppressible by Df(2L)J4/Dif²

(Huang et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has embryonic/larval hemocyte | increased number phenotype, suppressible by Df(2L)TW119/Df(2L)J4

(Huang et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has embryonic/larval hemocyte | increased number phenotype, suppressible | partially by Df(2L)J4/Dif²

(Huang et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has embryonic/larval plasmatocyte | increased number phenotype, suppressible | partially by Df(2L)J4/Dif²

(Huang et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has embryonic/larval plasmatocyte | increased number phenotype, suppressible | partially by Df(2L)J4/dl¹

(Huang et al., 2005)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has lamellocyte | increased number phenotype, non-suppressible by Df(2L)TW119/Dif¹

(Chiu et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has lamellocyte | increased number phenotype, non-suppressible by cact^E8/cact^E10

(Chiu et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 has lamellocyte | increased number phenotype, non-suppressible by Df(2L)J4/dl¹

(Chiu et al., 2005, Huang et al., 2005)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

lwr⁵/lwr[+] is a suppressor of meiosis & nuclear chromosome | female phenotype of nod^DTW

(Apionishev et al., 2001)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

A cact^E10 background suppresses blood cell infiltration and tumorigenesis in lwr^4-3/lwr⁵ mutants upon L.victoriae parasitic wasp infection.

(Paddibhatla et al., 2010)

The penetrance of melanotic tumours is reduced from over 90% in lwr^4-3/lwr⁵ mutants to less than 2% in lwr^4-3 Df(2L)TW119/lwr⁵ Df(2L)J4 triple mutants. The amount of circulating hemocytes and lamellocytes are reduced by day 8 in lwr^4-3 Df(2L)TW119/lwr⁵ Df(2L)J4 triple mutants compared to lwr^4-3/lwr⁵ single mutants. The melanotic tumour penetrance and circulating hemocyte levels are reduced in lwr^4-3 Df(2L)J4/lwr⁵ dl¹ and lwr^4-3 Df(2L)TW119/lwr⁵ Dif¹ double mutants, but to a lower extent than in lwr^4-3 Df(2L)TW119/lwr⁵ Df(2L)J4 triple mutants. However, the amount of lamellocytes is not reduced in the double mutants. The melanotic tumour penetrance is reduced in lwr^4-3 cact^E8/lwr⁵ cact^E10 double mutants compared to lwr^4-3/lwr⁵ single mutants and by day 8, the amount of circulating hemocytes is reduced in the double mutants. In contrast, the amount of lamellocytes remains as high as in the single mutants.

(Chiu et al., 2005)

In lwr^4-3/lwr⁵; dl¹/Df(2L)J4, total numbers of hemocytes are reduced compared to lwr^4-3/lwr⁵ single mutants. Plasmatocyte levels are reduced by 50% compared to single mutants, while lamellocyte levels are not significantly reduced. In lwr^4-3/lwr⁵; Dif²/Df(2L)J4 double mutants the number of lamellocytes are the same as in wild-type larvae, while the number of plasmatocytes are reduced compared to lwr^4-3/lwr⁵ single mutants, but remain higher than in wild type. In lwr^4-3/lwr⁵; Df(2L)TW119/Df(2L)J4 double mutants, the total number of hemocytes, including lamellocytes, is the same as wild type.

(Huang et al., 2005)

lwr⁵ dominantly suppresses the nondisjunction phenotype of nod^DTW females.

(Apionishev et al., 2001)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Complements

lwr^semi710

(Apionishev et al., 2001)

lwr⁰²⁸⁵⁸

(Apionishev et al., 2001)

Fails to complement

lwr¹⁰

(Sun et al., 2003)

lwr¹³

(Sun et al., 2003)

lwr^4-3

(Apionishev et al., 2001)

lwr⁰⁵⁴⁸⁶

(Apionishev et al., 2001)

Rescued by

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 is rescued by Scer\GAL4^76B/lwr^UAS.cAa

(Paddibhatla et al., 2010)

lwr⁵ is rescued by lwr^+t2.4

(Casso et al., 2005)

Partially rescued by

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 is partially rescued by lwr^UAS.cAa/Scer\GAL4^Cg.PA

(Chiu et al., 2005)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^nanos.PG/lwr^UAS.cAa

(Apionishev et al., 2001)

lwr⁵/lwr^4-3 is partially rescued by lwr^UAS.cAa/Scer\GAL4^e22c

(Apionishev et al., 2001)

Not rescued by

lwr⁵ is not rescued by lwr^UAS.cAa/Scer\GAL4^e22c

(Apionishev et al., 2001)

lwr⁵ is not rescued by Scer\GAL4^nanos.PG/lwr^UAS.cAa

(Apionishev et al., 2001)

Comments

Expression of lwr^Scer\UAS.cAa in a subset of the lymph gland cells under the control of Scer\GAL4^76B significantly reduced the infiltration index in lwr^4-3/lwr⁵ mutants, indicating an anti-inflammatory role for lwr.

(Paddibhatla et al., 2010)

Expression of lwr^Scer\UAS.cAa under the control of Scer\GAL4^Cg.PA partially rescues the developmental delay of lwr^4-3/lwr⁵ mutants, increasing the amount of animals undergoing pupariation from 25 to 61% at day 8. However, there is no clear rescue of the melanotic tumour phenotype.

(Chiu et al., 2005)

lwr^Scer\UAS.cAa rescues lwr^4-3/lwr⁵ females to adulthood when expressed using Scer\GAL4^e22c or Scer\GAL4^nos.PG, however the rescued flies are sterile. The ovaries develop to stage 8 or 9 (Scer\GAL4^nos.PG) or stage 2 (Scer\GAL4^e22c).

(Apionishev et al., 2001)

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (0)

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (2)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

Ubc9⁵

(Panettieri et al., 2019, Kalamarz et al., 2012, Paddibhatla et al., 2010)

lwr⁵

(Liaw, 2022, Panettieri et al., 2019, Monribot-Villanueva et al., 2013, Reo et al., 2010, Talamillo et al., 2008, Capelson and Corces, 2006)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (13)

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