FB2025_05 , released December 11, 2025
Gene: Dmel\PolE2
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\PolE2
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
DNA polymerase epsilon subunit 2
Annotation Symbol
CG10489
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0035644
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
5 publicly available
Gene Summary
DNA polymerase epsilon subunit 2 (PolE2) encodes a non-catalytic subunit of the major replicative polymerase epsilon. It is involved in the regulation of DNA endoreduplication. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-19] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

DNApol-ε58

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
64F4-64F4
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-15
RefSeq locus
NT_037436 REGION:5895691..5897435
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (10 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables DNA binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR007185, InterPro:IPR016266
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Biological Process (8 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in DNA endoreduplication
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Sahashi et al., 2013)
involved_in DNA replication proofreading
inferred from direct assay
(Oshige et al., 2004)
involved_in mitotic DNA replication
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Sahashi et al., 2013)
involved_in positive regulation of cell cycle process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Sahashi et al., 2013)
involved_in positive regulation of DNA endoreduplication
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Sahashi et al., 2013)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in DNA replication
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR007185
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
involved_in DNA-templated DNA replication
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000295225
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR016266
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
involved_in error-prone translesion synthesis
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000295225
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of epsilon DNA polymerase complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:PolE1; FB:FBgn0264326
(Oshige et al., 2004)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of epsilon DNA polymerase complex
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR016266
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000295225
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the DNA polymerase epsilon subunit B family. (Q9VRQ7)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
DNA polymerase epsilon subunit 2 (PolE2) encodes a non-catalytic subunit of the major replicative polymerase epsilon. It is involved in the regulation of DNA endoreduplication. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-19]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
DNA POLYMERASE EPSILON -
DNA polymerase epsilon functions as a leading strand polymerase during nuclear DNA synthesis. It is a heterotetramer in which DNApol-ε255 encodes the catalytic subunit with polymerase and 3'-5' exonuclease proofreading activities. (Adapted from PMID:30005324.)
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Accessory component of the DNA polymerase epsilon complex (By similarity). Participates in DNA repair and in chromosomal DNA replication (By similarity). Has a role in the entrance and progression through S phase (PubMed:24224125). Has a role in endoreplication (PubMed:24224125). Essential for viability and tissue development (PubMed:24224125).
(UniProt, Q9VRQ7)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\PolE2 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VRQ7)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
PolE2-RA
FBtr0077081
NM_139738
1688
525
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
PolE2-PA
FBpp0076789
58.8
525
6.45
Q9VRQ7
NP_647995
AAF50735
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Component of the epsilon DNA polymerase complex consisting of four subunits: the catalytic subunit PolE1/DNApol-epsilon255 and the accessory subunits PolE2/DNApol-epsilon58, Chrac-14/DNApolE3 and PolE4.

(UniProt, Q9VRQ7)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\PolE2 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

1.61

Transcript Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of epsilon DNA polymerase complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:PolE1; FB:FBgn0264326
(Oshige et al., 2004)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\PolE2 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 3 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 3 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of PolE2
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of PolE2
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(3L)Exel6107
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Inferred from location ( 5 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (2)
Hsap\POLE2
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\POLA2
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (2)
Rnor\Pole2
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Pola2
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (2)
Mmus\Pole2
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Pola2
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (3)
Xtro\pole2
7 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\mag
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\pglyrp1
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (2)
Drer\pole2
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\pola2
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (2)
Cele\pole-2
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\div-1
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (2)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP004614
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP004392
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (2)
Atha\DPB2
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\POLA2
1 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)
Scer\DPB2
10 of 13
Yes
Yes
Scer\POL12
1 of 13
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (2)
Spom\dpb2
9 of 12
Yes
Yes
Spom\spb70
1 of 12
No
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:PolE2. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)
PolA2
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    POLE2; DNA polymerase epsilon 2, accessory subunit
    14 of 14
    602670
        Functional Complementation Data
        Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
        Interactions
        Summary of Physical Interactions
        Interaction Browsers
        View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
        Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
        protein-protein
        Physical Interaction
        Assay
        References
        PolE2 - PolE1
        affinity chromatography technology, western blot
        (Oshige et al., 2004)
        PolE2 - osk
        two hybrid
        (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
        Summary of Genetic Interactions
        Interaction Browsers
        View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
        Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        PolE2
        enhanceable
        Orc2
        (Sahashi et al., 2013)
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        Orc2
        enhanceable
        PolE2
        (Sahashi et al., 2013)
        External Data
        Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
        Component of the epsilon DNA polymerase complex consisting of four subunits: the catalytic subunit PolE1/DNApol-epsilon255 and the accessory subunits PolE2/DNApol-epsilon58, Chrac-14/DNApolE3 and PolE4.
        (UniProt, Q9VRQ7 )
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        Pathways
        Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
        Metabolic Pathways
        FlyBase
        External Links
        External Data
        Class of Gene
        Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
        Chromosome (arm)
        3L
        Recombination map
        3-15
        Cytogenetic map
        64F4-64F4
        Sequence location
        FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Evidence for location
        64F4-64F4
        Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}vn10567 and P{PZ}loj04026
        Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Notes
        References
        Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
        Location

        3-15

        (FlyBase, 2016)

        3-14.0

        (Comeron et al., 2012)
        Left of (cM)
        Right of (cM)
        Notes
        Stocks and Reagents
        Stocks (5)
        Genomic Clones (15)
         

        Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

        cDNA Clones (6)
         

        Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

        cDNA clones, fully sequenced
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

        For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

        cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        RNAi and Array Information
        Linkouts
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Antibody Information
        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
         

        monoclonal

        (Sahashi et al., 2013)
        Commercially Available Antibodies
         
        Cell Line Information
        Publicly Available Cell Lines
         
          Other Stable Cell Lines
           
            Other Comments
            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database merge of
            Additional comments

            Source for identity of Pole2 CG10489 was sequence comparison ( date:040622 ).

            (FlyBase, 1996-)
            Nomenclature History
            Source for database identify of

            Source for identity of: Pole2 CG10489

            (FlyBase, 1996-)

            Source for identity of: DNApol-ε58 Pole2

            (FlyBase, 2009-)

            Source for identity of: PolE2 DNApol-ε58

            (Marygold et al., 2020)
            Nomenclature comments

            Renamed from 'Pole2' to 'DNApol-ε58' to better match the other DNApol-ε subunit (DNApol-ε255) and to be consistent with the nomenclature of other DNA polymerase genes.

            (FlyBase, 2009-)
            Etymology
            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (14)
            Reported As
            Symbol Synonym
            10489
            (Ravi et al., 2009)
            CG10489
            (Hosono et al., 2015, Perkins et al., 2009, Peng et al., 2007, Cayirlioglu et al., 2003, Dimova et al., 2003, Anholt and Mackay, 2001)
            DNApol-epsilon
            (Luck et al., 2014)
            DNApol-ε
            (Cayirlioglu et al., 2003)
            DNApol-ε58
            (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
            POLE2
            (Oshige, 2003.2.4)
            PolE2
            (Yamaguchi and Cotterill, 2023, Marygold et al., 2020)
            Pole2
            (Olivares et al., 2023, Bosch et al., 2020, Bonnay et al., 2014, Liang et al., 2014, Sun et al., 2010)
            dpolεp58
            (Sahashi et al., 2013)
            pol.ε 2
            (Oshige et al., 2004)
            Name Synonyms
            DNA polymerase epsilon 58kD subunit
            DNA polymerase epsilon subunit 2
            (Marygold et al., 2020)
            DNA polymerase ε 58kD subunit
            DNA polymerase ε B subunit
            (Sahashi et al., 2013)
            Pole2
            Secondary FlyBase IDs
              Datasets (0)
              Study focus (0)
              Experimental Role
              Project
              Project Type
              Title
              Study result (0)
              Result
              Result Type
              Title
              External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 45 )
              Sequence Crossreferences
              NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
              GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
              GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
              RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
              UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
              UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
              Other crossreferences
              AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
              DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
              EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
              FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
              FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
              InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
              KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
              MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
              Linkouts
              BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
              Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
              DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
              DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
              Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
              FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
              FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
              Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
              Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
              FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
              iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
              KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
              MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
              Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
              References (50)