FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\kek1

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\kek1

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

kekkon 1

Annotation Symbol

CG12283

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0015399

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

60 publicly available

Gene Summary

kekkon 1 (kek1) encodes a transmembrane protein that acts in a negative feedback loop to modulate the activity of the product of Egfr in a number of tissues, including follicle cells and imaginal discs. It also plays a role in axonal outgrowth in the central nervous system. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Pathway
Gene Group
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

kek, kekkon, kek-1, kekon, unstrung

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

34A1-34A1

Sequence location

2L:12,817,000..12,822,787 [-]

Recombination map

2-47

RefSeq locus

NT_033779 REGION:12817000..12822787

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (6 terms)

Molecular Function (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables epidermal growth factor receptor binding

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Egfr; FB:FBgn0003731

(Alvarado et al., 2004, Ghiglione et al., 2003, Ghiglione et al., 1999)

enables signaling receptor inhibitor activity

inferred from direct assay

(Alvarado et al., 2004, Ghiglione et al., 2003, Ghiglione et al., 2002)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)

Biological Process (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Alvarado et al., 2004, Duchek and Rorth, 2001, Ghiglione et al., 1999)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Egfr; FB:FBgn0003731

(Alvarado et al., 2004, Alvarado et al., 2004, Ghiglione et al., 1999)

inferred from direct assay

(Ghiglione et al., 2003)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:grk; FB:FBgn0001137

(Ghiglione et al., 1999)

involved_in oogenesis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Ghiglione et al., 1999)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)

Cellular Component (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in apical plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Ghiglione et al., 2003)

located_in plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Ghiglione et al., 2003)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in plasma membrane

inferred from sequence model

(Derheimer et al., 2004, Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

KEKKONS

Pathway (FlyBase)

NEGATIVE REGULATORS OF EGFR SIGNALING PATHWAY

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Gene Group (FlyBase)

KEKKONS -: Kekkons are transmembrane leucine-rich repeat (LRR) and immunoglobulin-like (Ig) domain-containing (LIG) proteins. Kekkons may function in cell adhesion and the modulation of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. (Adapted from FBrf0179316, FBrf0207272 and FBrf0107731).

Pathway (FlyBase)

NEGATIVE REGULATORS OF EGFR SIGNALING PATHWAY -: Negative regulators of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor signaling down-regulate the pathway, suppressing the activation of ERK kinase (rl) or acting on downstream effectors.

Summary (Interactive Fly)

Ig domain protein, Leucine-rich repeat protein - plays a role in axonal outgrowth in the central nervous system - acts in a negative feedback loop to modulate the activity of the Egfr tyrosine kinase during oogenesis

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\kek1 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q9VK54)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Gene model reviewed during 6.02

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

kek1-RB

FBtr0332210

NM_078835

5788

880

kek1-RC

FBtr0346702

NM_001316391

3852

880

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

5.5 (northern blot)

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

kek1-PB

FBpp0304518

94.5

880

7.17

FBpp0312315

94.5

880

7.17

Q9VK54

NP_001303320

ALI30206

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

880 aa isoforms: kek1-PB, kek1-PC

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

880 (aa); 92 (kD predicted)

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\kek1 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

kek1_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.84

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

larval ventral nerve cord

(Ulian-Benitez et al., 2017)

larval peripheral nervous system

(Ulian-Benitez et al., 2017)

embryonic stage 9 -- 12

midline primordium | subset

(Kearney et al., 2004)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

larval midline neuron

(Kearney et al., 2004)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

peripheral nervous system | restricted

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

larval antenno-maxillary sensory complex

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

central nervous system

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

adult stage | female

ovary

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

Additional Descriptive Data

Expression pattern inferred from unspecified enhancer trap line.

(Kearney et al., 2004)

kek1 transcripts are detected in9-13hr embryos on northern blots. They are detected by in situhybridization early in the midline and later in most neurons in the CNS.In the PNS, they are expressed in cap cells and weakly in ventral andlateral clusters. They are also expressed in the antenno-maxillary complexand in ovaries in a pattern similar to that of the corresponding enhancertrap line (EcollacZ^kek1-15A6).

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in apical plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Ghiglione et al., 2003)

located_in plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Ghiglione et al., 2003)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

Reporter: P{lArB}kek1^15A6

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 10 -- 11

neuroblast NB6-4

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

embryonic stage 12 -- 17

central nervous system

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

larval VUM neuron

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

ventral midline of embryo

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

embryonic stage 14 -- 17

presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system | restricted

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

larval antenno-maxillary sensory complex

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

larval stage

imaginal disc

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

eye-antennal disc

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

ocellus

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

ocellar bristle

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

eye disc posterior to the morphogenetic furrow

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

third instar larval stage

wing disc | restricted

(Ghiglione et al., 2003)

eye disc posterior to the morphogenetic furrow

(Ghiglione et al., 2003)

dorsal mesothoracic pleura primordium

Comment: notum

(Pallavi et al., 2006)

wing hinge primordium

(Pallavi et al., 2006)

wing pouch | restricted

(Pallavi et al., 2006)

anterior-posterior compartment boundary of the wing disc

(Pallavi et al., 2006)

haltere disc | restricted

Comment: presumptive hinge; NOT haltere pouch

(Pallavi et al., 2006)

adult stage & oogenesis

nurse cell

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

follicle cell

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

border follicle cell

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

oogenesis & adult stage | female

ovary

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

oogenesis

germarium region 2

(Ghiglione et al., 1999)

oogenesis stage S1 -- S6

egg chamber | restricted

Comment: at anterior and posterior poles

(Ghiglione et al., 1999)

oogenesis stage S8 -- S9

oocyte associated follicular epithelium | anterior | dorsal

(Ghiglione et al., 1999)

Reporter: P{PZ}kek1⁰¹⁴³³

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

third instar larval stage

wing disc | restricted

(Steinhauer et al., 2013)

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\kek1 in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\kek1

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\kek1

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

34688/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0015399

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0015399

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0015399

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0015399

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 18 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 34 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of kek1

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of kek1

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 4 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 4 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(2L)Exel6034

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Df(2L)kek1^3K2X

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

Df(2L)kek1^RA5

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

Df(2L)Prl

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

Inferred from location ( 11 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PI

kek1^UAS.GFP

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^insc-Mz1407

kek1^GD28

lethal | recessive

lethal - all die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

kek1^GD14381

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^insc-Mz1407

kek1^GD28

visible, with Scer\GAL4^71B

kek1^UAS.cGa

visible, with Scer\GAL4^bbg-C96

kek1^d03841

visible, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

visible (with kek1^RA5)

kek1^RM2

visible (with kek1^RM2)

kek1^RA5

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

border follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4^slbo.2.6

kek1^UAS.cGa

dorsal appendage

dorsal appendage, with Scer\GAL4^CY2

dorsal appendage, with Scer\GAL4^T155

dorsal appendage, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

kek1^UASp.cGa

dorsal appendage (with kek1^RA5)

kek1^RM2

dorsal appendage (with kek1^RM2)

kek1^RA5

dorsal appendage | maternal effect (with kek1^RA5)

kek1^RM2

dorsal appendage | maternal effect (with kek1^RM2)

kek1^RA5

egg

egg, with Scer\GAL4^CY2

egg, with Scer\GAL4^T155

kek1^UAS.cGa

egg, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

kek1^UASp.cGa

egg chorion, with Scer\GAL4^CY2

egg chorion, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

egg chorion, with Scer\GAL4^T155

kek1^UAS.cGa

egg chorion | dorsal, with Scer\GAL4^CY2

embryo, with Scer\GAL4^CY2

kek1^extra.UAS

embryo, with Scer\GAL4^T155

kek1^extra.UAS

eye, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

ganglion mother cell | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^insc-Mz1407

kek1^GD28

larval neuroblast | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^insc-Mz1407

kek1^GD28

ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

oocyte | somatic clone

kek1^k07332

photoreceptor neuron, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

kek1^UAS.cGa

posterior crossvein, with Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

kek1^UAS.cGa

wing, with Scer\GAL4^71B

kek1^UAS.cGa

wing, with Scer\GAL4^bbg-C96

kek1^d03841

wing vein, with Scer\GAL4^71B

kek1^UAS.cGa

wing vein, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

wing vein | ectopic (with kek1^RA5)

kek1^RM2

wing vein | ectopic (with kek1^RM2)

kek1^RA5

wing vein L4, with Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

wing vein L5, with Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

kek1^UAS.cGa

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (76)

Hsap\LINGO1

2 of 14

Yes

Hsap\LINGO2

2 of 14

Yes

Hsap\LINGO3

2 of 14

Yes

Hsap\LINGO4

2 of 14

Yes

Hsap\LRFN1

2 of 14

Yes

Hsap\LRIT1

2 of 14

Yes

Hsap\LRRC4B

2 of 14

Yes

Hsap\LRRC4C

2 of 14

Yes

Hsap\LRRC4

2 of 14

Yes

Hsap\LRRC24

2 of 14

Yes

Hsap\OMG

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Hsap\AMIGO3

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Hsap\FLRT2

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (53)

Rnor\Lrrc24

4 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Lingo4

2 of 14

Rnor\Lrfn1

2 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Lrit1

2 of 14

Yes

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Amigo3

1 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Chadl

1 of 14

Rnor\Flrt1

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Lrfn3

1 of 14

Rnor\Lrfn4

1 of 14

Rnor\Lrfn5

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Lrrc26

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Pxdn

1 of 14

Rnor\RGD1305347

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (57)

Mmus\Lingo2

2 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Lingo3

2 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Lingo4

2 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Lrfn1

2 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Lrit1

2 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Lrrc4b

2 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Lrrc4c

2 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Lrrc4

2 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Lrrc24

2 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Adgra3

1 of 14

Mmus\Amigo1

1 of 14

Mmus\Amigo2

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Amigo3

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Chadl

1 of 14

Mmus\Flrt1

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Flrt2

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Lrfn3

1 of 14

Mmus\Lrfn4

1 of 14

Mmus\Lrfn5

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Lrrc52

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Lrrc55

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Slitrk2

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Slitrk3

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Slitrk4

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Slitrk5

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (60)

Xtro\lrrc24

3 of 13

Yes

Xtro\vasn

3 of 13

Yes

Xtro\LOC116409761

2 of 13

Yes

Xtro\lrfn1.1

2 of 13

Yes

Xtro\lrrc4b

2 of 13

Yes

Xtro\lrrc4c

2 of 13

Yes

Xtro\lrrc4

2 of 13

Yes

Xtro\adgra3

1 of 13

Xtro\amigo1

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\amigo3

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\aspn

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\cetn3

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\flrt1

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\flrt2

1 of 13

Xtro\igsf10

1 of 13

Xtro\islr2

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\slitrk2

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\slitrk3

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\slitrk4

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (75)

Drer\lrit1b

3 of 14

Yes

Drer\lrrc4ba

3 of 14

Yes

Drer\lrrc4bb

3 of 14

Yes

Drer\lrrc4ca

3 of 14

Yes

Drer\lrrc4cb

3 of 14

Yes

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

Yes

Drer\lrfn4b

2 of 14

Yes

Drer\lrfn5a

2 of 14

Yes

Drer\lrit1a

2 of 14

Yes

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

Yes

Drer\lrrn1

2 of 14

Drer\si:cabz01090165.1

2 of 14

Drer\si:ch211-170a17.1

2 of 14

Drer\si:ch211-180f4.1

2 of 14

Drer\adgra2

1 of 14

Drer\amigo1

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\amigo3

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\lrrc38b

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Drer\si:ch73-185c24.2

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\si:ch211-159i8.4

1 of 14

Drer\si:ch211-237i5.4

1 of 14

Drer\si:dkey-1j5.4

1 of 14

Drer\si:dkey-90m5.4

1 of 14

Drer\si:dkey-182i3.11

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\zgc:172282

1 of 14

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (11)

Cele\iglr-3

2 of 14

Yes

Cele\sma-10

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (32)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP009136

10 of 12

Yes

4 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Yes

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (1)

Atha\PIRL8

1 of 13

Yes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)

Scer\CYR1

1 of 13

Yes

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:kek1. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (30)

8 of 13

6 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

3 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

Lrt

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

chp

1 of 13

Fili

1 of 13

Gp150

1 of 13

haf

1 of 13

hfw

1 of 13

lbk

1 of 13

Pxn

1 of 13

rdo

1 of 13

sli

1 of 13

swi2

1 of 13

Toll-6

1 of 13

Toll-7

1 of 13

trn

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

kek1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Alvarado et al., 2004, MacLaren et al., 2004)

kek1 - Egfr

enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag western blot

(Ozkan et al., 2013, Alvarado et al., 2004, Alvarado et al., 2004, Derheimer et al., 2004, Ghiglione et al., 2003)

kek1 - kek2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(MacLaren et al., 2004)

kek1 - kek5

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(MacLaren et al., 2004)

kek1 - kek6

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(MacLaren et al., 2004)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

kek1

enhanceable

(Bai et al., 2001)

kek1

suppressible

Egfr

(Alvarado et al., 2004)

kek1

enhanceable

Egfr

(Ghiglione et al., 2003)

kek1

enhanceable

grk

(Ghiglione et al., 2003, Ghiglione et al., 1999)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Chmp1

enhanceable

kek1

(Valentine et al., 2014)

enhanceable

kek1

(Kucherenko et al., 2008)

Dys

suppressible

kek1

(Kucherenko et al., 2008)

Egfr::kek1

suppressible

kek1

(Alvarado et al., 2004)

Egfr

suppressible

kek1

(Alvarado et al., 2004, Alvarado et al., 2004, Ghiglione et al., 1999)

Egfr

enhanceable

kek1

(Ghiglione et al., 2003)

grk

suppressible

kek1

(Alvarado et al., 2004)

suppressible

kek1

(Singh et al., 2005)

External Data

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

60732

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0015399

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

34688

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

34688

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

NEGATIVE REGULATORS OF EGFR SIGNALING PATHWAY

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

MAPK signaling pathway - fly

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Platelet degranulation

SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.

Q8T3J2

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

2-47

Cytogenetic map

34A1-34A1

Sequence location

2L:12,817,000..12,822,787 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

34A1-34A1

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}bun^k00612&P{EP}EP682^EP682 and P{lacW}l(2)k07015^k07015&P{PZ}l(2)rK639^rK639 34A1--2 Left limit from in situ hybridisation (FBrf0111489) Right limit from in situ hybridisation (FBrf0111489)

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

33F-33F

(Musacchio, 1995.12.11)

34A1-34A2

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Spradling et al., 1999)

33F1-33F2

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

34A1-34A2

(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Initial assessment of map location of gene responsible for the 'unstrung' phenotype as reported in FBrf0053298 was in error.

(Perrimon, 1998.8.10)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-47

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-42.7

(Comeron et al., 2012)

(Musacchio, 1995.12.11)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (60)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Korea

11913

P{VT006537-GAL4}attP2

12017

P{VT006557-GAL4}attP2

12047

P{VT006545-GAL4}attP2

12048

P{VT006549-GAL4}attP2

12049

P{VT006554-GAL4}attP2

12319

P{VT006538-GAL4}attP2

12320

P{VT006555-GAL4}attP2

13369

P{VT006540-GAL4}attP2

13370

P{VT006544-GAL4}attP2

14838

P{VT006543-GAL4}attP2

15342

P{VT006542-GAL4}attP2

VDRC

v101166

P{KK105604}VIE-260B

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (16)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (50)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

GM02380

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0015399

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0015399

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

The leucine rich repeats of kek1 protein are sufficient for binding Egfr protein, however, inhibition of Egfr protein by kek1 protein in vivo requires the kek1 juxta/transmembrane region. kek1 protein is not a phosphorylation substrate for the Egfr protein in vivo.

(Alvarado et al., 2004)

dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R⁺ cell morphology.

(Kiger et al., 2003)

RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene causes a phenotype when assayed in Kc167: binucleate cells.

(Kiger et al., 2003)

kek1 acts as an inhibitor of Egfr.

(Ghiglione et al., 1999)

Original 'unstrung' phenotype was in fact due to deletion of more than one gene, one of which has been shown to be kek1.

(Perrimon, 1998.8.10)

kek1 is a sensitive marker for Egfr activity in follicle cells.

(Sapir et al., 1998)

kek1 expression is regulated in the developing epithelia in addition to the CNS. The absence of kek1 gene product causes no overt phenotype. Results suggest kek1 and kek2, or additional genes, may overlap in function in the assembly of the CNS.

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

Mutants of kek1 exhibit missing intersegmental longitudinal tracts.

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1991)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: kek1 BEST:GM02380

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

kek1 and kek2 represent the union of two superfamilies within one molecule (leucine-rich repeat and immunoglobulin superfamily), so they have been named "kekkon", the Japanese word for marriage.

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (29)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

BEST:GM02380

CG12283

(National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Mosallanejad et al., 2010, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Grieder et al., 2007, Molnar et al., 2006)

CT18186

(Hynes and Zhao, 2000, Hynes and Zhao, 2000)

Dmkek1

(Derheimer et al., 2004)

GM02380

(Spradling et al., 1999)

KEK1

(Alvarado and Duffy, 2002)

Kek

(Mbodj et al., 2013, Freeman, 2002)

Kek-1

(de Lorenzo et al., 2003, de Lorenzo et al., 2001)

Kek1

(Lyu et al., 2026, Bai et al., 2001, Huwe et al., 2000, Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

NB1

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1996)

SD01674

(Herold et al., 2003)

kek

(Suisse et al., 2017, Tian et al., 2013, Upadhyai and Campbell, 2013, Ferguson et al., 2012, Nagel et al., 2012, Sun et al., 2011, Yan et al., 2011, Li et al., 2009, Xia et al., 2008, Firth and Baker, 2007, Mathieu et al., 2007, Peretz et al., 2007, Shravage et al., 2007, Guichet et al., 2001, Peri and Roth, 2000)

kek-1

(Ulian-Benitez et al., 2017, Valentine et al., 2014, Grieder et al., 2007, Molnar et al., 2006, Singh et al., 2005, Goff and Morisato, 2000, Goode et al., 1996)

kek1

(Hu et al., 2025, Fischer et al., 2024, Pfefferkorn et al., 2024, Godfrey et al., 2023, Örkenby et al., 2023, Deshpande et al., 2022, National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Perlegos et al., 2022, Velten et al., 2022, Michki et al., 2021, Xie et al., 2021, Cang and Nie, 2020, Ji et al., 2019, Wittes and Schüpbach, 2019, Croset et al., 2018, Osterfield et al., 2017, Ulian-Benitez et al., 2017, Malartre, 2016, Sarov et al., 2016, Li et al., 2015, de Celis et al., 2013.9.11, Ozkan et al., 2013, Ozkan et al., 2013, Ozkan et al., 2013, Shen et al., 2013, Steinhauer et al., 2013, Nagel et al., 2012, Cherbas et al., 2011, Kitadate and Kobayashi, 2010, Bartkuhn et al., 2009, Zartman et al., 2009, Fan and Bergmann, 2008, Kucherenko et al., 2008, Stephan et al., 2008, Buszczak et al., 2007, Kankel et al., 2007, Zeitlinger et al., 2007, Atkey et al., 2006, Pallavi et al., 2006, Sandmann et al., 2006, Terry et al., 2006, Stevaux et al., 2005, Hall et al., 2004, Layalle et al., 2004)

kekon

(Shilo, 2003, Spencer and Cagan, 2002, Sapir et al., 1998)

l(2)01433

(Spradling et al., 1999)

n(2)k07332

(Spradling, 1999.12.9)

uns

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1991)

Name Synonyms

Kekkon

(Yakoby et al., 2005, Depraetere, 2000)

Kekkon 1

(Firth and Baker, 2003)

Kekkon-1

(Firth and Baker, 2003, Vogel et al., 2003)

Kekkon1

(Stephan et al., 2008, Goentoro et al., 2006)

Kekon-1

(Silverman et al., 2003)

kekkon

(Sopko and Perrimon, 2013, Yan et al., 2011, Li et al., 2009, Xia et al., 2008, Bernardi et al., 2007, Firth and Baker, 2007, Goentoro et al., 2006, Pallavi et al., 2006, Motola and Neuman-Silberberg, 2004, Tanentzapf and Tepass, 2003, Bogdan and Klämbt, 2001, van Buskirk and Schupbach, 1999)

kekkon 1

kekkon-1

(Mukherjee et al., 2020, Osterfield et al., 2017, Malartre, 2016, Nagel et al., 2012, Zartman et al., 2009, Kankel et al., 2007, Terry et al., 2006, Hall et al., 2004, van Eeden and St. Johnston, 1999)

kekkon1

(Steinhauer et al., 2013, Chen et al., 2007, Perrimon, 1998.8.10)

kekkonI

(Brendza et al., 2002)

unstrung

(Musacchio and Perrimon, 1991)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0005766
FBgn0028957

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 57 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

34688

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q9VK54

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q9VK54

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

34688/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0015399

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0015399

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0015399

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG12283

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

34688

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

60732

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0015399

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0015399

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0015399

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

kek1_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0015399

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0015399

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0015399

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC007055

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

MAPK signaling pathway - fly

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

34688

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

34688

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Platelet degranulation

SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.

Q8T3J2

References (176)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

-0.84

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