FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\PolG2
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\PolG2
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
DNA polymerase gamma subunit 2
Annotation Symbol
CG33650
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0004407
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
20 publicly available
Gene Summary
DNA polymerase gamma subunit 2 (PolG2) encodes the accessory subunit of mitocondrial DNA polymerase gamma, which is responsible for the replication and repair of the mitochondrial genome. [Date last reviewed: 2019-12-19] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

l(2)34De, pol γ-β, MtPolB, l(2)br16, DNApol-γ

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
34D1-34D1
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-49
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:13831482..13833105
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (8 terms)
Molecular Function (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables DNA/RNA hybrid binding
inferred from direct assay
(Fan and Kaguni, 2001)
enables single-stranded RNA binding
inferred from direct assay
(Fan and Kaguni, 2001)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables DNA polymerase processivity factor activity
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q9UHN1
(Lee et al., 2010)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002473373
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Biological Process (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in DNA-templated DNA replication
inferred from direct assay
(Luo and Kaguni, 2005, Farr et al., 2004, Fan and Kaguni, 2001, Farr et al., 1999, Williams and Kaguni, 1995, Williams et al., 1993, Olson and Kaguni, 1992, Kaguni and Olson, 1989, Wernette et al., 1988)
involved_in mitochondrial DNA replication
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:PolG1; FB:FBgn0004406
(Wang et al., 1997)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Baqri et al., 2009, Iyengar et al., 2002)
inferred from direct assay
(Ciesielski et al., 2015, Wang and Kaguni, 1999, Olson et al., 1995, Wernette and Kaguni, 1986)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in mitochondrial DNA replication
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002473373
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of gamma DNA polymerase complex
inferred from direct assay
(Ciesielski et al., 2015, Luo and Kaguni, 2005, Fan and Kaguni, 2001, Wang and Kaguni, 1999, Olson et al., 1995, Wernette and Kaguni, 1986)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:PolG1; FB:FBgn0004406
(Wang et al., 1997)
located_in mitochondrion
inferred from direct assay
(Wang and Kaguni, 1999)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:PolG1; FB:FBgn0004406
(Wang et al., 1997)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in cytoplasm
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000078673
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
part_of gamma DNA polymerase complex
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002473373
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
DNA polymerase gamma subunit 2 (PolG2) encodes the accessory subunit of mitocondrial DNA polymerase gamma, which is responsible for the replication and repair of the mitochondrial genome. [Date last reviewed: 2019-12-19]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
DNA POLYMERASE GAMMA -
DNA polymerase gamma is a high-fidelity mitochondrial polymerase responsible for the replication and repair of mitochondrial DNA. It is a heterodimer in which the catalytic subunit is encoded by tam. (Adapted from PMID:30005324.)
MITOCHONDRIAL DNA REPLISOME -
The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replisome is multiprotein assembly required for the replication of mitochondrial DNA. The complex catalyzes the unwinding and strand synthesis of mtDNA. (Adapted from PMID:38884788.)
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
As accessory component of the DNA polymerase gamma complex is involved in the replication of mitochondrial DNA (PubMed:3095323, PubMed:7499423). Does not bind DNA (PubMed:7499423). Essential for mitochondrial DNA maintenance and larval development (PubMed:11917141, PubMed:19924234).
(UniProt, Q9VJV8)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\PolG2 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VJV8)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.41

Gene model reviewed during 5.52

Multiphase exon postulated: this gene shares a region of coding sequence with an overlapping gene, but different reading frames are utilized in the overlapping coding region.

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
PolG2-RA
FBtr0091627
NM_001032091
1570
361
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
PolG2-PA
FBpp0099758
41.0
361
7.41
Q9VJV8
NP_001027262
AAF53341
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

35 (kD)

(Kaguni et al., 1988, Wernette et al., 1988, Wernette and Kaguni, 1986)
Comments

Mitochondrial DNA polymerase was purified to near

homogeneity from early embryos. It is a heterodimer consisting of two

subunits of 125kD and 35kD. The large subunit contains the DNA-polymerase

activity.The DNA polymerase utilizes a large variety of template-primers

efficiently.

(Wernette and Kaguni, 1986)
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Component of the DNA polymerase gamma complex consisting of two subunits: the catalytic subunit DNApol-gamma/DNApolG1 and the accessory subunit PolG2/DNApol-gamma35.

(UniProt, Q9VJV8)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records
 
UniProt
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\PolG2 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

3.62

Transcript Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of gamma DNA polymerase complex
inferred from direct assay
(Ciesielski et al., 2015, Luo and Kaguni, 2005, Fan and Kaguni, 2001, Wang and Kaguni, 1999, Olson et al., 1995, Wernette and Kaguni, 1986)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:PolG1; FB:FBgn0004406
(Wang et al., 1997)
located_in mitochondrion
inferred from direct assay
(Wang and Kaguni, 1999)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:PolG1; FB:FBgn0004406
(Wang et al., 1997)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\PolG2 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 10 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 12 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of PolG2
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of PolG2
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 90 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 90 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(2L)64j
(Iyengar et al., 1999, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Df(2L)b75
(Gubb et al., 1990, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Df(2L)b80c1
(Iyengar et al., 2002, Iyengar et al., 1999, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)b81l42
(Roote, 1997.6.3)
Df(2L)b83l1
(Roote, 1997.6.3)
Df(2L)b84a9
(Iyengar et al., 1999, Roote, 1997.6.3)
Df(2L)b85b1
(Roote, 1997.6.3)
Df(2L)b88g83
(Roote, 1997.6.3)
Df(2L)b89e12
(Roote, 2000.6.5, Ashburner et al., 1999, Roote, 1998.5.15)
Df(2L)fn30
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)fn31
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)GT5
(Gubb et al., 1990)
Df(2L)k07245Lk05605R-mr5
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)k07245Lk05605R-mr9
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)TE35B-5
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-203
(Roote et al., 1996)
Df(2L)TE35BC-6
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-23
(Gubb et al., 1984)
In(2L)b88e45
(Roote, 1997.6.3)
Tp(2;3)dp
(Roote, 1997.6.3)
Gene not disrupted in
Df(2L)A47
(Roote, 1997.6.3, Roote, 1996.8, Gubb et al., 1990, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A48
(Gubb et al., 1990, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A63
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A72
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A178
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A215
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A217
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A220
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A245
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A246
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A260
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A263
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A264
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A266
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A267
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A376
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A377
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A379
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A400
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A445
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR55
(Roote, 1997.6.3)
Df(2L)el77
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Df(2L)el80i1
(Roote, 1997.6.3)
Df(2L)el82f1
(Roote, 1997.6.3)
Df(2L)fn1
(Ashburner et al., 1982, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Df(2L)fn2
(Ashburner et al., 1982, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Df(2L)fn3
(Ashburner et al., 1982, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Df(2L)fn5
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)fn7
(Ashburner et al., 1982, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Df(2L)fn12
(Ashburner et al., 1982, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Df(2L)fn15
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)fn26
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)fn27
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)fn36
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)GT4
(Gubb et al., 1990)
Df(2L)Scorv4
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Df(2L)TE35B-1
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-2
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-3
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-4
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-6
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-7
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-8
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-9
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-10
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-11
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-12
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-15
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-407
(Roote, 1997.6.3)
Df(2L)TE35BC-1
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-3
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-4
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-7
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-8
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-24
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-28
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-29
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-31
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-34
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-35
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)W
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
In(2L)75cLC158.1R
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
In(2L)75c
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
In(2L)TE35B-13
(Gubb et al., 1985)
T(2;3)Scorv7
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
T(Y;2)A80DR15P
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
T(Y;2)J165DP58P
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
T(Y;2)R15DJ165P
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Tp(2;2)A446
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Gene not duplicated in
Dp(2;3)17
(Roote, 1997.6.3)
Inferred from location ( 5 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal | recessive
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with Df(2L)b80c1)
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with PolG21)
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with PolG22)
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal locomotor behavior (with Df(2L)b80c1)
abnormal neuroanatomy (with Df(2L)b80c1)
abnormal neuroanatomy (with PolG21)
abnormal neuroanatomy (with PolG22)
abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage (with PolG21)
abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage (with PolG22)
abnormal size | larval stage (with PolG21)
abnormal size | larval stage (with PolG22)
abnormal size | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA
decreased occurrence of cell division | larval stage (with PolG21)
decreased occurrence of cell division | larval stage (with PolG22)
decreased size | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
increased cell death | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
increased cell death | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
long lived, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
short lived, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
short lived, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
some die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
some die during pupal stage
some die during pupal stage (with Df(2L)b80c1)
some die during pupal stage (with PolG21)
some die during pupal stage (with PolG22)
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
embryonic/larval fat body | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA
embryonic/larval motor neuron | third instar larval stage
embryonic/larval motor neuron | third instar larval stage (with PolG21)
embryonic/larval motor neuron | third instar larval stage (with PolG22)
indirect flight muscle cell | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
larval brain | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
larval central nervous system (with Df(2L)b80c1)
larval central nervous system (with PolG21)
larval central nervous system (with PolG22)
larval segmental nerve | third instar larval stage (with PolG21)
larval segmental nerve | third instar larval stage (with PolG22)
mitochondrion (with Df(2L)b80c1)
mitochondrion (with PolG21)
mitochondrion (with PolG22)
mitochondrion | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
mitochondrion | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
mitochondrion | third instar larval stage
mitochondrion | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA
mitochondrion | third instar larval stage (with PolG21)
mitochondrion | third instar larval stage (with PolG22)
pre-elongation spermatid, with Scer\GAL4VP16.bam
ventral oblique muscle cell | third instar larval stage (with PolG21)
ventral oblique muscle cell | third instar larval stage (with PolG22)
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (2)
Hsap\POLG2
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\GATC
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)
Rnor\Polg2
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (2)
Mmus\Polg2
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Gatc
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (3)
Xtro\fam172a
4 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\polg2
4 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\ddx4
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (2)
Drer\polg2
10 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\gatc
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
Cele\Y66D12A.7
1 of 14
Yes
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (2)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000979
9 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP013093
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)
Scer\GRS1
1 of 13
Yes
No
Scer\GRS2
1 of 13
Yes
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:PolG2. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (2)
GlyRS
2 of 13
GatC
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 3 )
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
POLG2; DNA polymerase gamma 2, accessory subunit
9 of 14
604983
Functional Complementation Data
Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
Interactions
Summary of Physical Interactions
Interaction Browsers
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interaction Browsers
View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
PolG2
suppressible
PolG1
(Iyengar et al., 2002)
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
mRpS23
suppressible
PolG2
(Shan et al., 2024)
Mterf4
suppressible
PolG2
(Shan et al., 2024)
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
Component of the DNA polymerase gamma complex consisting of two subunits: the catalytic subunit DNApol-gamma/DNApolG1 and the accessory subunit PolG2/DNApol-gamma35.
(UniProt, Q9VJV8 )
Linkouts
BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
Pathways
Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
Metabolic Pathways
FlyBase
External Links
External Data
Linkouts
KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
Class of Gene
Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
Chromosome (arm)
2L
Recombination map
2-49
Cytogenetic map
34D1-34D1
Sequence location
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Evidence for location
34D1-34D1
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Sosk05224&P{lacW}RpII33k05605 and P{lacW}l(2)34Fak00811&P{PZ}wb09437
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Notes
References
34D-34E
(Kaguni, 1997.3.20)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location

2-49

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-45.1

(Comeron et al., 2012)
Left of (cM)
(Ashburner et al., 1999)
Right of (cM)
Notes

Maps between Sop2 or Orc5 and RpII33.

(Ashburner et al., 1999)
Stocks and Reagents
Stocks (20)
Genomic Clones (21)
cDNA Clones (411)
 

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
     

    polyclonal

    (Yu et al., 2017)
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Cell Line Information
    Publicly Available Cell Lines
     
      Other Stable Cell Lines
       
        Other Comments

        Multiple amino acid sequence alignments show the DNA polymerases from numerous species forms a family strongly conserved from yeast to man.

        (Lecrenier et al., 1997)

        Subunit structure and enzymatic activity of DNA polymerase γ are studied using a combination of physical and immunological approaches. The role of the 2 subunits in template primer DNA binding is explored.

        (Olson et al., 1995)

        mtSSB stimulates DNA polymerase γ activity in vitro.

        (Williams and Kaguni, 1995)

        The rate and processivity of DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase γ has been analysed under a variety of different conditions.

        (Williams et al., 1993)

        Biochemical description of the 3'->5' exonuclease associated with mitochondrial DNA polymerase.

        (Olson and Kaguni, 1992)

        The 3' to 5' exonuclease encoded provides a proof reading function to enhance the fidelity of DNA synthesis during mitochondrial DNA replication.

        (Kaguni and Olson, 1989)

        A structural and mechanistic analysis of DNApol-γ125 and DNApol-γ35 demonstrates them to be both effective and accurate in the synthesis of DNA.

        (Kaguni et al., 1988)

        Comparison of the rate and specificity of DNA synthesis by DNApol-γ125 and DNApol-γ35 on several template primers, and an examination of the products of DNA synthesis has been carried out.

        (Wernette et al., 1988)

        DNApol-γ125 and DNApol-γ35 have been isolated and purified and their subunit structure and catalytic properties examined.

        (Wernette and Kaguni, 1986)
        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database merge of

        Source for merge of: MtPolB l(2)34De

        (Ashburner et al., 1999)
        Additional comments

        Dicistronic annotation CG33084 split out into separate annotations for each open reading frame, CG33649 and CG33650 in release 4.2 of the genome annotation. CG33650 corresponds to DNApol-γ35.

        (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2005)

        One or more of the processed transcripts for this gene contain(s) two non-overlapping open reading frames (ORFs). The non-overlapping ORFs are represented by CG33649 and DNApol-γ35.

        (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)

        The identity of l(2)34De and MtPolB is based on mapping with T(2;3)b89e12 ordering l(2)34De and RpII33.

        (Ashburner et al., 1999.10.12)
        Nomenclature History
        Source for database identify of

        Source for identity of: PolG2 DNApol-γ35

        (Marygold et al., 2020)
        Nomenclature comments
        Etymology
        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (41)
        Reported As
        Symbol Synonym
        BG:DS00941.9
        (Ashburner et al., 1999, Ashburner et al., 1999.10.12)
        CG33084
        CG33650
        (National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Kandul et al., 2021, Zhou et al., 2019, Foriel et al., 2015, Hosono et al., 2015, Fukuoh et al., 2014, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Perkins et al., 2009)
        CG8969
        D-pol γ-β
        (Lefai et al., 2000)
        DNA pol-gam.35
        (De Lucia et al., 2005)
        DNApol-gamma35
        (Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21)
        DNApol-γ
        (Dusenbery and Smith, 1996, Williams and Kaguni, 1995, Williams et al., 1993)
        DNApol-γ.35
        (De Lucia et al., 2005)
        DNApol-γ35
        (Foriel et al., 2015, Cayirlioglu et al., 2003)
        DNApolg-35
        (Sênos Demarco et al., 2019)
        MtPolB
        (Reese et al., 2000, Ashburner et al., 1999, Ashburner et al., 1999, Kaguni, 1997.3.20)
        POLG
        (Salminen and Vale, 2020)
        Pol γ
        (Ciesielski et al., 2015)
        PolG
        (Martínez-Azorín et al., 2008)
        PolG2
        (Shan et al., 2024, Ozaki et al., 2022, Kandul et al., 2021, Marygold et al., 2020)
        Polg
        (Fukuoh et al., 2014)
        Polγ
        (Lecrenier et al., 1997)
        Polγ-35
        (Yu et al., 2017)
        Polγ-β
        (Meng et al., 2017)
        br16
        (Gubb et al., 1985, Ashburner and Harrington, 1984)
        l(2)34De
        (Iyengar et al., 2002, Pflumm and Botchan, 2001, Ashburner et al., 1999, Ashburner et al., 1999.10.12, Iyengar et al., 1999, Roote, 1998.5.15, Alexandrova et al., 1996, Roote et al., 1996, Spradling et al., 1995, Lindsley and Zimm, 1992, Gubb et al., 1990)
        l(2)br16
        (The Moscow Regional Drosophila melanogaster Stock Center, Dubna, Gubb et al., 1984, Ashburner et al., 1982, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
        pol γ-α
        (Martínez-Azorín et al., 2008)
        pol γ-β
        (Chiang et al., 2019, Oliveira et al., 2015, Luo and Kaguni, 2005, Iyengar et al., 2002, Fan and Kaguni, 2001, Lefai et al., 2000)
        pol γ35
        (Baqri et al., 2009)
        polγ
        (Fan et al., 1999, Farr et al., 1999)
        polγ-β
        (Lefai et al., 2000)
        Name Synonyms
        DNA polymerase -γ
        (Martínez-Azorín et al., 2008)
        DNA polymerase gamma 35kD subunit
        DNA polymerase gamma subunit 2
        (Marygold et al., 2020)
        DNA polymerase γ
        (Farr et al., 2004, Vontom and Kaguni, 1992)
        DNA polymerase γ 35kD
        DNA polymerase γ subunit α
        (Martínez-Azorín et al., 2008)
        Mitochondrial DNA polymerase accessory subunit
        accessory subunit of mitochondrial DNA polymerase
        (Sardiello et al., 2005)
        accessory(β)subunit
        (Wang and Kaguni, 1999)
        lethal 16 in the black-reduced region
        (Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
        lethal(2)34De
        mitochondrial γ polymerase
        (Mandavilli et al., 2002)
        β subunit
        (Alahari et al., 1999, Wang et al., 1997)
        Secondary FlyBase IDs
        • FBgn0000476
        • FBgn0001962
        • FBgn0020398
        • FBgn0053084
        • FBgn0053650
        • FBtr0089832
        • FBtr0089833
        • FBpp0088774
        Datasets (0)
        Study focus (0)
        Experimental Role
        Project
        Project Type
        Title
        Study result (0)
        Result
        Result Type
        Title
        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 40 )
        Sequence Crossreferences
        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
        UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
        UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        Other crossreferences
        AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
        DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
        EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
        FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
        FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
        InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
        MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
        Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
        KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        References (96)