FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\sky

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\sky

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

skywalker

Annotation Symbol

CG9339

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0032901

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

43 publicly available

Gene Summary

skywalker (sky) encodes a RabGAP that genetically interacts with and activates GTPase activity of the product of Rab35 through an unconventional mechanism. It restricts the ability of synaptic vesicles to fuse into a synaptic endosomal compartment, thereby limiting synaptic vesicle associated protein sorting at synaptic endosomes. In line with this function, sky also genetically interacts with components of the ESCRT and HOPS complexes. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Interactive Fly

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

38F3-38F5

Sequence location

2L:20,871,335..20,918,931 [-]

Recombination map

2-54

RefSeq locus

NT_033779 REGION:20871335..20918931

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (13 terms)

Molecular Function (1 term)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables GTPase activator activity

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables GTPase activator activity

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:Evi5; FB:FBgn0262740

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

Biological Process (7 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in chemical synaptic transmission

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Fernandes et al., 2014)

involved_in negative regulation of neurotransmitter secretion

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

involved_in negative regulation of synaptic vesicle recycling

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Fernandes et al., 2014)

involved_in neuromuscular synaptic transmission

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Fernandes et al., 2014)

involved_in synaptic vesicle endosomal processing

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

inferred from direct assay

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

involved_in synaptic vesicle recycling via endosome

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in neuron projection development

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q9ULP9

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

Cellular Component (5 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in neuromuscular junction

inferred from direct assay

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

located_in postsynapse

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

is_active_in synapse

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

inferred from direct assay

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

located_in terminal bouton

inferred from direct assay

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in cytoplasm

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q9ULP9

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

RAB GTPASE ACTIVATING PROTEINS

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Gene Group (FlyBase)

RAB GTPASE ACTIVATING PROTEINS -: RabGAPs are GTPase activating proteins for Rab family GTPases. RabGAPs share a common TBC (Tre-2/Bub2/Cdc16) domain. (Adapted from PMID:15731001 and FBrf0158741).

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for Rab35 which regulates synaptic vesicle (SV) protein recycling and turnover at the neuromuscular junction boutons and possibly ventral nerve cord via endosomal trafficking (PubMed:21458671, PubMed:25422373, PubMed:27669036). Inhibits Rab35-mediated endosomal sorting which traffics old or dysfunctional SV proteins through a degradative endolysosomal route that involves the ESCRT pathway and the HOPS complex members dor, vps39 and rab7 (PubMed:21458671, PubMed:25422373). This function is essential for preventing excessive degradation and turnover of vesicles from the readily releasable pool which leads to increased neurotransmission and eventually neurodegeneration (PubMed:21458671, PubMed:25422373, PubMed:27669036). Preferentially binds phosphoinositides phosphorylated at the D5 position of the inositol ring, such as phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) (PubMed:27669036). Binding to phosphoinositides and thus membrane-association, is required for its function in regulating the turnover of synaptic-vesicle proteins (PubMed:27669036). It is therefore likely that it is recruited to vesicle membranes with high phosphoinositide content and thereby selectively prevents endolysosomal degradation of these vesicles (PubMed:27669036).

(UniProt, Q9VIH7)

Summary (Interactive Fly)

a RabGAP that activates GTPase activity of the product of Rab35 - neuromuscular junction - restricts the ability of synaptic vesicles to fuse into a synaptic endosomal compartment - genetically interacts with components of the ESCRT and HOPS complexes

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\sky for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q9VIH7)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Annotated transcripts do not represent all possible combinations of alternative exons and/or alternative promoters.

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

sky-RA

FBtr0081441

NM_136229

4920

587

sky-RB

FBtr0081442

NM_165350

5128

587

sky-RC

FBtr0081444

NM_165352

4758

592

sky-RD

FBtr0081446

NM_206017

5023

568

sky-RE

FBtr0081443

NM_165348

5071

568

sky-RF

FBtr0081445

NM_165351

3041

573

sky-RG

FBtr0081440

NM_165349

4863

568

sky-RH

FBtr0081447

NM_206016

5080

587

sky-RI

FBtr0301961

NM_001169555

4658

573

sky-RJ

FBtr0330255

NM_001273720

5002

607

sky-RK

FBtr0330256

NM_001273721

5158

597

sky-RL

FBtr0330257

NM_001273722

4921

606

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

sky-PA

FBpp0080970

67.3

587

7.97

FBpp0080971

67.3

587

7.97

FBpp0080973

68.0

592

8.29

FBpp0080975

65.1

568

7.68

FBpp0080972

65.1

568

7.68

FBpp0080974

65.7

573

8.10

FBpp0080969

65.1

568

7.68

FBpp0080976

67.3

587

7.97

FBpp0291173

65.7

573

8.10

FBpp0303287

69.4

607

7.92

FBpp0303288

68.2

597

7.82

FBpp0303289

69.2

606

7.80

M9PDI9

NP_001260651

AGB93186

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

587 aa isoforms: sky-PA, sky-PB, sky-PH

568 aa isoforms: sky-PD, sky-PE, sky-PG

573 aa isoforms: sky-PF, sky-PI

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Domain

The Rab-GAP TBC domain is essential for phosphoinositide binding.

(UniProt, Q9VIH7)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\sky using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-1.41

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism

(Fisher et al., 2012)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in neuromuscular junction

inferred from direct assay

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

located_in postsynapse

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

is_active_in synapse

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

inferred from direct assay

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

located_in terminal bouton

inferred from direct assay

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

Reporter: P{Switch2}sky^GSGB94b1-1

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

third instar larval stage

larval somatic muscle cell

(Nicholson et al., 2008)

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\sky in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\sky

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\sky

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0032901

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

35359/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0032901

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0032901

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0032901

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG9339

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0032901

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 48 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 11 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of sky

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of sky

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(2L)BSC105

(Deal and Cook, 2005.3.10)

Df(2L)Exel7080

(Kahsai et al., 2016, Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Inferred from location ( 9 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal (with Df(2L)Exel7080)

sky^KG01403

lethal (with sky²)

sky^d03436

lethal (with sky^d03436)

sky²

lethal - all die before end of first instar larval stage (with Df(2L)Exel7080)

lethal - all die before end of first instar larval stage (with sky¹)

lethal - all die before end of first instar larval stage (with sky^e01084)

sky¹

lethal - all die before end of first instar larval stage (with sky^f06707)

sky¹

lethal - all die before end of P-stage (with Df(2L)Exel7080)

lethal - all die before end of P-stage (with sky¹)

lethal - all die before end of P-stage (with sky^f01467)

sky¹

lethal - all die before end of P-stage (with sky^f07070)

sky¹

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with Df(2L)Exel7080)

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with sky¹)

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with sky²)

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with sky^c00555)

sky¹

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with sky^d03436)

sky¹

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with sky^e01084)

sky²

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with sky^f02146)

sky¹

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with sky^f06707)

sky²

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage | recessive

sky²

lethal - all die during embryonic stage | recessive

sky¹

partially lethal, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

sky^GD14193

viable

sky^GSGB94b1-1

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

sky^GD14193

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

sky^GD14193

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal neuroanatomy | progressive | somatic clone

sky²

abnormal neurophysiology | adult stage | somatic clone

sky²

abnormal neurophysiology | third instar larval stage (with Df(2L)Exel7080)

abnormal neurophysiology | third instar larval stage (with sky¹)

abnormal neurophysiology | third instar larval stage (with sky²)

abnormal neurophysiology | third instar larval stage (with sky^d03436)

some die during embryonic stage | recessive

sky¹

some die during first instar larval stage (with Df(2L)Exel7080)

some die during first instar larval stage (with sky¹)

some die during first instar larval stage (with sky^e01084)

sky¹

some die during first instar larval stage (with sky^f06707)

sky¹

some die during pharate adult stage (with Df(2L)Exel7080)

some die during pharate adult stage (with sky¹)

some die during pharate adult stage (with sky^f01467)

sky¹

some die during pharate adult stage (with sky^f07070)

sky¹

some die during pupal stage (with Df(2L)Exel7080)

some die during pupal stage (with sky¹)

some die during pupal stage (with sky²)

some die during pupal stage (with sky^c00555)

sky¹

some die during pupal stage (with sky^d03436)

sky¹

some die during pupal stage (with sky^e01084)

sky²

some die during pupal stage (with sky^f02146)

sky¹

some die during pupal stage (with sky^f06707)

sky²

some die during pupal stage | recessive

sky²

uncoordinated | adult stage (with sky²)

uncoordinated | adult stage (with sky^c00555)

sky²

uncoordinated | adult stage (with sky^d03436)

sky²

uncoordinated | adult stage (with sky^f01467)

sky²

uncoordinated | adult stage (with sky^f02146)

sky²

uncoordinated | adult stage (with sky^f07070)

sky²

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction (with Df(2L)Exel7080)

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction (with sky¹)

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction (with sky²)

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction (with sky^d03436)

neuromuscular junction (with sky²)

sky^d03436

neuromuscular junction (with sky^d03436)

sky²

retina | progressive | somatic clone

sky²

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (23)

Hsap\TBC1D24

12 of 14

Yes

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (20)

Rnor\Tbc1d24

12 of 14

Yes

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (19)

Mmus\Tbc1d24

13 of 14

Yes

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (18)

Xtro\tbc1d24.1

10 of 13

Yes

Xtro\kdm3a

9 of 13

Yes

Xtro\tbc1d24.2

6 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\tbc1d20.1

1 of 13

Xtro\tbc1d30

1 of 13

Xtro\tldc2

1 of 13

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (24)

Drer\tbc1d24

13 of 14

Yes

Drer\LOC792958

2 of 14

Drer\oxr1b

2 of 14

Drer\si:ch211-15d5.11

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Drer\si:ch211-266k8.4

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\tbc1d14

1 of 14

Drer\usp6nl

1 of 14

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (11)

Cele\tbc-7

12 of 14

Yes

Cele\C31H2.14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (12)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP010235

11 of 12

Yes

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (11)

Atha\AT2G05590

2 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT4G39870

2 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (5)

Scer\OXR1

2 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (5)

Spom\mug63

4 of 12

Yes

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:sky. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (9)

mtd

4 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

wkd

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 4 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

sky¹

model of DOORS syndrome

CEA with sky², sky^R79C.UAS.GFP

(Fischer et al., 2016)

CEA with sky², sky^3Glu.UAS.GFP

(Fischer et al., 2016)

model of Rolandic epilepsy-paroxysmal exercise-induced dystonia-writer's cramp syndrome

CEA with Hsap\TBC1D24^{G501R.UAS.GFP}, sky²

(Lüthy et al., 2019)

DOES NOT model Rolandic epilepsy-paroxysmal exercise-induced dystonia-writer's cramp syndrome

CEA with Hsap\TBC1D24^{R360H.UAS.GFP}, sky²

(Lüthy et al., 2019)

CEA with Hsap\TBC1D24^R40C.UAS.GFP, sky²

(Lüthy et al., 2019)

sky²

model of neurodegenerative disease

CEA

(Fernandes et al., 2014)

model of DOORS syndrome

CEA with sky¹, sky^R79C.UAS.GFP

(Fischer et al., 2016)

CEA with sky¹, sky^3Glu.UAS.GFP

(Fischer et al., 2016)

model of Rolandic epilepsy-paroxysmal exercise-induced dystonia-writer's cramp syndrome

CEA with Hsap\TBC1D24^{G501R.UAS.GFP}, sky¹

(Lüthy et al., 2019)

DOES NOT model Rolandic epilepsy-paroxysmal exercise-induced dystonia-writer's cramp syndrome

CEA with Hsap\TBC1D24^{R360H.UAS.GFP}, sky¹

(Lüthy et al., 2019)

CEA with Hsap\TBC1D24^R40C.UAS.GFP, sky¹

(Lüthy et al., 2019)

sky^R79C.UAS.GFP

model of DOORS syndrome

CEA with sky¹, sky²

(Fischer et al., 2016)

sky^3Glu.UAS.GFP

model of DOORS syndrome

CEA with sky¹, sky²

(Fischer et al., 2016)

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 5 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

TBC1D24; TBC1 domain family member 24

model of Rolandic epilepsy-paroxysmal exercise-induced dystonia-writer's cramp syndrome

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness 86

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 16

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of DOORS syndrome

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness 65

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

sky²

model of neurodegenerative disease

is ameliorated by dor³⁶

(Fernandes et al., 2014)

is ameliorated by dor³⁵

(Fernandes et al., 2014)

is ameliorated by dor³⁰

(Fernandes et al., 2014)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

TBC1D24; TBC1 domain family member 24

12 of 14

TBC1 DOMAIN FAMILY, MEMBER 24; TBC1D24

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

sky - Rab35

gtpase assay

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

sky - orb2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Khan et al., 2015)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

sky

suppressible

dor

(Fernandes et al., 2014)

sky

suppressible

Hrs

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

sky

enhanceable

Rab5

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

sky

suppressible

Rab7

(Fernandes et al., 2014)

sky

suppressible

Rab35

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

sky

suppressible

shrb

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

sky

suppressible

TSG101

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

sky

suppressible

Vps25

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

sky

suppressible

Vps39

(Fernandes et al., 2014)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

External Data

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

61320

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0032901

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

35359

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

Class of Gene

gene_with_dicistronic_mRNA

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2012)

gene_with_edited_transcript

(Rodriguez et al., 2012)

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

2-54

Cytogenetic map

38F3-38F5

Sequence location

2L:20,871,335..20,918,931 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

38F3-38F5

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CG31673^EP432 and P{PZ}l(2)38EFd⁰⁴⁵³⁰

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-54

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-54.3

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (43)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

71245

w¹¹¹⁸; P{VT010664-p65.AD}attP40

71596

w¹¹¹⁸; P{VT010661-p65.AD}attP40

72590

w¹¹¹⁸; P{VT010661-GAL4.DBD}attP2

Korea

12335

P{VT010664-GAL4}attP2

12336

P{VT010670-GAL4}attP2

15041

P{VT010661-GAL4}attP2

15603

P{VT010671-lexA::GADfl}attP40

16758

P{VT010664-lexA::GADfl}attP40

17017

P{VT010666-lexA::GADfl}attP40

17540

P{VT010670-lexA::GADfl}attP40

VDRC

v108736

P{KK107614}VIE-260B

v44655

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD14193}v44655

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (33)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (102)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

MIP14691

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0032901

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0032901

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

Identified as a candidate gene for hypoxia-specific selection (via an experimental evolution paradigm) that is also differentially expressed between control and hypoxia-adapted larvae.

(Jha et al., 2016)

Area matching Drosophila EST AA391470.

(Davies, 2001.3.15)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: CG9339 anon-WO0118547.455

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Source for merge of: CG9339 CG14399 CG9340

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)

Additional comments

One or more of the processed

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2012)

transcripts for these genes contain two non-overlapping open reading frames (ORFs). The non-overlapping ORFs are represented by CG43739 (FBgn0263996), sky (CG9339, FBgn0032901).

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2012)

Annotations CG9339, CG14399 and CG9340 merged as CG9339 in release 3 of the genome annotation.

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)

Source for merge of CG9339 anon-WO0118547.455 was sequence comparison ( date:051113 ).

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: sky CG9339

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

The gene is named "skywalker" based on the mutant phenotype where larvae paralyse and stand upright in the medium.

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (8)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG14399

CG9339

(National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Khan et al., 2015, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Gabernet-Castello et al., 2013, Cole et al., 2012.7.6, Laflamme et al., 2012, Smibert et al., 2012, Uytterhoeven et al., 2011, Deloger et al., 2009, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Thomas et al., 2009, Gandre-Babbe and van der Bliek, 2008, Nicholson et al., 2008, Ranade et al., 2008)

CG9340

Sky

(Jin et al., 2018, Frank et al., 2013)

anon-WO0118547.455

sky

(Sutton et al., 2024, National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Anqueira-González et al., 2021, Huang et al., 2021, Lasko and Lüthy, 2021, Pang et al., 2021, Takai et al., 2020, Lüthy et al., 2019, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Clandinin and Owens, 2016-, Jha et al., 2016, Fernandes et al., 2014, Shlyueva et al., 2014, Sen et al., 2013, FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2012, Rodriguez et al., 2012, Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

Name Synonyms

Skywalker

(Fischer et al., 2016, Frank et al., 2013)

skywalker

(Jha et al., 2016, Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0032902
FBgn0041002
FBgn0061988

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 115 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

35359

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q9VIH7

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q9VIH7

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q9VIH7

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0032901

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

35359/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0032901

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0032901

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0032901

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG9339

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

35359

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

61320

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0032901

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0032901

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0032901

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0032901

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0032901

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG9339

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0032901

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0032901

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC014024

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

35359

References (75)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

-1.41

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