FB2026_02 , released June 18, 2026
Gene: Dmel\kug
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\kug
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
kugelei
Annotation Symbol
CG7749
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0261574
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
11 publicly available
Gene Summary
kugelei (kug) (also known as Fat2 or Fat-like) encodes a member of the cadherin superfamily of transmembrane proteins, which mediate cell-cell adhesion and/or cell-cell communication. It is related to the product of ft and its roles include control of planar cell polarity, collective cell migration and morphogenesis. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

fat2, fat-like, kugel, CT23445, ftl

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
76E1-76E1
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-46
RefSeq locus
NT_037436 REGION:20005301..20024607
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (27 terms)
Molecular Function (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables cell adhesion molecule binding
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:A0A0B4K774
(Squarr et al., 2016)
enables protein-containing complex binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Abi; FB:FBgn0020510
(Squarr et al., 2016)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables calcium ion binding
inferred from sequence model
(Hill et al., 2001)
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Biological Process (17 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (13 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in centripetally migrating follicle cell migration
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Barlan et al., 2017, Squarr et al., 2016)
involved_in defense response to Gram-negative bacterium
inferred from high throughput mutant phenotype
(Cronin et al., 2009)
involved_in establishment of planar polarity of follicular epithelium
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Squarr et al., 2016, Viktorinová et al., 2009)
involved_in establishment or maintenance of actin cytoskeleton polarity
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Viktorinová et al., 2009)
involved_in foregut morphogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Castillejo-Lopez et al., 2004)
involved_in growth of a germarium-derived egg chamber
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Viktorinová et al., 2009)
involved_in hindgut morphogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Castillejo-Lopez et al., 2004)
involved_in oogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Viktorinová et al., 2009)
involved_in open tracheal system development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Castillejo-Lopez et al., 2004)
involved_in positive regulation of filopodium assembly
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Barlan et al., 2017)
involved_in positive regulation of innate immune response
inferred from high throughput mutant phenotype
(Cronin et al., 2009)
involved_in protein localization to cell leading edge
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Barlan et al., 2017)
involved_in salivary gland development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Castillejo-Lopez et al., 2004)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion
traceable author statement
(Hynes and Zhao, 2000)
involved_in cell adhesion
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR020894
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
involved_in cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin
inferred from sequence model
(Hill et al., 2001)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001931937
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in homophilic cell-cell adhesion
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002126
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
traceable author statement
(Hynes and Zhao, 2000)
Cellular Component (7 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in actin-based cell projection
inferred from direct assay
(Squarr et al., 2016)
located_in basal plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Viktorinová et al., 2009)
located_in cell trailing edge
inferred from direct assay
(Barlan et al., 2017)
located_in focal adhesion
inferred from direct assay
(Viktorinová et al., 2009)
located_in plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Viktorinová et al., 2009)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in adherens junction
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001931937
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
located_in membrane
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002126, InterPro:IPR015919
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
is_active_in plasma membrane
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN009075295
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
located_in plasma membrane
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR020894
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
non-traceable author statement
(Hynes and Zhao, 2000)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
kugelei (kug) (also known as Fat2 or Fat-like) encodes a member of the cadherin superfamily of transmembrane proteins, which mediate cell-cell adhesion and/or cell-cell communication. It is related to the product of ft and its roles include control of planar cell polarity, collective cell migration and morphogenesis. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
CADHERINS -
The cadherin superfamily represent a diverse group of transmembrane receptors which mediate cell-cell adhesion. Cadherins are defined by the presence of cadherin domains, typically organised in tandem repeats, which mediate calcium-dependent homophilic interactions between cadherin molecules. (Adapted from FBrf0146675).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Required for the planar polarity of actin filament orientation at the basal side of ovarian follicle cells (PubMed:19906848, PubMed:23369713). Required for proper egg chamber shape and elongation of the egg chamber during oogenesis (PubMed:19906848, PubMed:23369713). Required for the correct planar polarization of Rab10 within the basal follicle cell epithelium and is therefore indirectly involved in the Rab10-dependent remodeling of the basal membrane during egg chamber elongation (PubMed:23369713).
(UniProt, Q9VW71)
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
kug: kugelei
Female sterile. Mature eggs not laid and almost round.
Summary (Interactive Fly)

a cadherin related to Fat - required for the planar polarity of actin filament orientation at the basal side of ovarian follicle cells - acts non-autonomously in follicle cells in the transmission of polarity information required for morphogenesis and maintenance of tubular structures of ectodermal origin

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
3
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\kug for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VW71)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Gene model reviewed during 5.56

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
kug-RC
FBtr0332721
NM_140914
14288
4689
kug-RD
FBtr0332722
NM_001031967
14221
4699
kug-RE
FBtr0346077
NM_001300197
14407
4689
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
kug-PC
FBpp0304967
522.7
4689
4.68
X2JCN4
NP_649171
AAF49078
kug-PD
FBpp0304968
523.8
4699
4.69
Q9VW71
NP_001027138
AAZ66056
kug-PE
FBpp0311915
522.7
4689
4.68
X2JCN4
NP_001287126
AHN58151
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

4689 aa isoforms: kug-PC, kug-PE
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\kug using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.91

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
oogenesis stage S8 -- S9
main body follicle cell
(Zartman et al., 2009)
nurse cell
(Zartman et al., 2009)
oogenesis stage S10A
floor cell

Comment: strong

(Zartman et al., 2009)
roof cell

Comment: weak

(Zartman et al., 2009)
Additional Descriptive Data

Before oogenesis stage S9, kug is expressed uniformly in oocyte associated follicle cells and nurse cells. At stage S10A kug expression shifts such that it is strongly expressed in floor cells and weakly in roof cells.

(Zartman et al., 2009)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
day 5 of adulthood | male -- day 7 of adulthood | male
spermatozoon
(Wasbrough et al., 2010)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in actin-based cell projection
inferred from direct assay
(Squarr et al., 2016)
located_in basal plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Viktorinová et al., 2009)
located_in cell trailing edge
inferred from direct assay
(Barlan et al., 2017)
located_in focal adhesion
inferred from direct assay
(Viktorinová et al., 2009)
located_in plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Viktorinová et al., 2009)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\kug in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 32 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 13 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of kug
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of kug
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )
Gene not disrupted in
Df(3L)rdgC-co2
(Horne-Badovinac et al., 2012)
Gene disrupted in
Df(3L)ED4858
(Horne-Badovinac et al., 2012)
Inferred from location ( 5 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
partially lethal, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
viable
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Sterility
Allele
female sterile
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal cell migration | cell autonomous | oogenesis | somatic clone
abnormal cell migration | cell autonomous | oogenesis | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
abnormal cell migration | cell non-autonomous | oogenesis | somatic clone
abnormal cell migration | oogenesis
abnormal cell migration | oogenesis | somatic clone
abnormal cell migration | somatic clone
abnormal cell polarity
abnormal cell polarity | somatic clone
abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage
abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4peb-GAL4
abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage (with kug58D)
abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage (with kugN103-2)
abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage | recessive
abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage | semidominant
abnormal neuroanatomy | P-stage
abnormal size | dominant | oogenesis
visible | adult stage | progressive
visible | dominant | oogenesis
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
actin-based cell projection | oogenesis | somatic clone
actin filament
actin filament & follicle cell
actin filament bundle | oogenesis
adult antennal lobe glomerulus
adult antennal lobe glomerulus, with Scer\GAL4peb-GAL4
adult antennal lobe glomerulus (with kug58D)
adult antennal lobe glomerulus (with kugN103-2)
adult antennal lobe glomerulus | P-stage
adult antennal olfactory receptor neuron
adult antennal olfactory receptor neuron (with kug58D)
adult antennal olfactory receptor neuron (with kugN103-2)
adult antennal olfactory receptor neuron | P-stage
adult olfactory receptor neuron Ir64a
adult olfactory receptor neuron Ir76a ac4
adult olfactory receptor neuron Ir92a
adult olfactory receptor neuron Or19
adult olfactory receptor neuron Or22
adult olfactory receptor neuron Or23a
adult olfactory receptor neuron Or47a
adult olfactory receptor neuron Or47b
adult olfactory receptor neuron Or47b, with Scer\GAL4peb-GAL4
adult olfactory receptor neuron Or69a
adult olfactory receptor neuron Or88a
antenna
antennal lobe glomerulus D
antennal lobe glomerulus D | absent
antennal lobe glomerulus VA1v | adult stage
antennal lobe glomerulus VA1v | adult stage (with kug58D)
antennal lobe glomerulus VA1v | adult stage (with kugN103-2)
centripetal follicle cell | somatic clone
dorsal appendage
egg
egg (with Df(3L)ED4858)
egg (with kugED4978)
egg (with kugJ18)
egg (with kugri-79c)
egg | maternal effect
egg | maternal effect, with Scer\GAL4GR1
egg | somatic clone
egg chamber
egg chamber (with kug003)
egg chamber (with kug58D)
egg chamber (with kug103C)
egg chamber (with kug602)
egg chamber | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone
embryonic hindgut, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
embryonic proventriculus, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
epithelium, with Scer\GAL4NP1624
female germline cyst, with Scer\GAL4NP1624
follicle cell
follicle cell | somatic clone
microtubule
oocyte associated follicular epithelium
oocyte associated follicular epithelium | cell autonomous | somatic clone
oocyte associated follicular epithelium | cell autonomous | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
oocyte associated follicular epithelium | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone
presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system, with Scer\GAL4prd.RG1
presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
presumptive embryonic salivary gland, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
tracheal dorsal trunk primordium, with Scer\GAL4prd.RG1
tracheal dorsal trunk primordium, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (97)
Hsap\FAT1
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\FAT2
12 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\FAT3
11 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CDH23
3 of 14
No
No
Hsap\DCHS1
2 of 14
No
No
0  
Hsap\DCHS2
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\FAT4
2 of 14
No
No
0  
Hsap\PCDH11X
2 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PCDH11Y
2 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PCDHGA3
2 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\ADGRL2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ADGRL3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDH1
1 of 14
No
No
9  
Hsap\CDH2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDH3
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\CDH4
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDH5
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDH6
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDH7
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDH8
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\CDH9
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDH10
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDH11
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\CDH12
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDH13
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDH15
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDH16
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CDH17
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDH18
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDH19
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDH20
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDH22
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDH24
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDH26
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDHR4
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDHR5
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CELSR1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CELSR2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CELSR3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CRB1
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\CRB2
1 of 14
No
No
6  
Hsap\CRELD1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CRELD2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\DNER
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\DSC1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\DSC2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\DSC3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\DSG2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\DSG3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\DSG4
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\EGFL8
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\EYS
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\F7
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\F9
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\F10
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\FBLN2
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\FBLN5
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\FBN2
1 of 14
No
No
2  
Hsap\FRAS1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GAS6
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\HABP2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\LAMA1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\LAMA2
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\LRP1
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\LTBP1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\LTBP4
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\MATN2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NOTCH1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NOTCH2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PCDH7
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PCDH9
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PCDH15
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PCDH20
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PCDHB11
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PCDHB12
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PCDHGA2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PCDHGA4
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PCDHGA5
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PCDHGA6
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PCDHGA7
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PCDHGA8
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PCDHGA9
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PCDHGA10
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PCDHGA11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PCDHGA12
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PCSK5
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PROC
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\PROS1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PROZ
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\SHBG
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\SLIT1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SNED1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SVEP1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TMPRSS9
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\VCAN
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\VWCE
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\VWDE
1 of 14
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (64)
Rnor\Fat1
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Fat2
12 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Fat3
11 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Dchs1
3 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Cdh23
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Fat4
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pcdhb11
2 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pcdhga2
2 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Adgrl2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Adgrl3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Cdh12
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Cdh18
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Cdhr5
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Celsr1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Celsr2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Celsr3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Crb1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Crb2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Creld1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Creld2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Dchs2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Dll1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Dner
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Dsc2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Dsc3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Dsg2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Dsg3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Dsg4
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Egfl8
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\F7
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\F9
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\F10
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Fbln1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Fbn2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gas6
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Hgfac
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Lama1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Megf6
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Notch2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pcdh1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pcdh7
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pcdh9
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pcdh12
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pcdh20
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pcdhb1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pcdhb4
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pcdhb5
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pcdhb6l
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pcdhb7
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pcdhb8
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pcdhb9
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pcdhb12
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pcdhb16l
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pcdhb20
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pcdhga3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pcdhga5
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pcdhgb6
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Proc
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pros1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Proz
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Shbg
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Slit1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Svep1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Vcan
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (48)
Mmus\Fat1
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Fat2
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Fat3
11 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Cdh23
3 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Dchs1
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Dchs2
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Fat4
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Adgrl2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Adgrl3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Cdh6
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Cdh12
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Cdh18
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Cdhr4
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Cdhr5
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Celsr1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Celsr2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Celsr3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Crb1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Crb2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Creld1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Creld2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Dll1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Dner
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Dsc1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Dsc2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Dsc3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Dsg2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Dsg3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Dsg4
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Egfl8
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\F7
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\F9
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\F10
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Fbn2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gas6
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gm281
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Lama1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Notch2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Pcdh1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Pcdh7
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Pcdh15
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Pcdhga2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Proc
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Pros1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Proz
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Shbg
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Slit1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Vcan
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (44)
Xtro\fat1
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\fat3
9 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\snrpf
9 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\fat2
6 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\cdh23
3 of 13
No
No
Xtro\ccdc88a
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\cdh3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\cdh5
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\cdh7
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\cdh8
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\cdh9
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\cdh10
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\cdh12
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\cdh13
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\cdh16
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\cdh18
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\celsr3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\crb2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\creld1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\creld2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\cubn
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\emx2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\f7
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\f10
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\fat4
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\kcng3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\lama1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC100490929
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC100493382
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC101733947
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\lrp1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\notch1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\notch2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pcdha13
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pcdhac2
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\pcdhga11
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\pcdhgc4
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\proc.2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pros1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\proz
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\prrg1
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\slit1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\vcan
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\vwce
1 of 13
No
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (96)
Drer\fat1a
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\fat1b
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\fat2
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\fat3a
11 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\LOC568600
10 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\cdh23
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\dchs1a
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\dchs1b
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC101883589
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC108191529
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh1g26
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh2ab6
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh2ab11
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\si:ch211-186j3.6
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\si:dkey-22o22.2
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\cdh26.2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\cdh27
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\cdhr5b
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\cdhr5-rs
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\celsr1a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\celsr1b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\celsr2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\celsr3
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\crb1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\crb2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\crb2b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\creld1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\creld2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\dchs2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\dner
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\dsc2l
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\egfl7
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\eys
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\f7
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\f7i
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\f7l
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\f9a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\f9b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\f10
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\fbln1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\fbn2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\gas6
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\lama1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC100003741
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC100004411
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC100006777
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\LOC101886358
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC103911742
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\megf6a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\megf6
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\notch1a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\notch1b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\pcdh1a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\pcdh1b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\pcdh1g1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh1g2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh1g3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh1g9
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh1g11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh1g13
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh1g18
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh1g22
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh1g29
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh1g30
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh1g31
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh1g32
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh1g33
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh1gb2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh1gb9
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh1gc5
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh1gc6
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh2aa1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh2aa15
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\pcdh2ab2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\pcdh2ab3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh2ab5
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh2ab7
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\pcdh2ab10
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh2g10
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh2g17
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh7a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\pcdh7b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\pcdh10a
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh10b
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pcdh15a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\pcdh15b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\proca
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\pros1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\proza
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\prozb
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\shbg
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\si:ch73-74h11.1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\si:ch73-233f7.1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\slit1b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\sned1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\svep1
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (18)
Cele\cdh-4
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\cdh-1
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\cdh-3
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\cdh-7
2 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\cdh-8
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\hmr-1
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\apx-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\cdh-9
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\cdh-12
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\clec-78
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\crld-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\cubn-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\F35D2.3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\fbl-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\fbn-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\fmi-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\slt-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\T03D8.7
1 of 14
No
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (35)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007924
3 of 12
Yes
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011525
3 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011526
3 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011529
3 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP004166
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007905
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011527
2 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011528
2 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001015
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001591
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002310
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002739
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002828
1 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003579
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003607
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003873
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP005682
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006731
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006732
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007203
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007207
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007216
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007849
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007968
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009711
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009715
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009716
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009717
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009723
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009725
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009726
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP010049
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011589
1 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\CTL5
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRSTN
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:kug. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (24)
ft
7 of 13
ds
4 of 13
stan
3 of 13
Cad74A
2 of 13
Cad87A
2 of 13
Cad89D
2 of 13
Cad99C
2 of 13
CadN2
2 of 13
CadN
2 of 13
shg
2 of 13
Cad86C
1 of 13
Cad88C
1 of 13
Cad96Cb
1 of 13
CG5909
1 of 13
crb
1 of 13
Creld
1 of 13
Cubn2
1 of 13
Delta
1 of 13
dpy
1 of 13
MP1
1 of 13
N
1 of 13
uif
1 of 13
wb
1 of 13
wry
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
Human Ortholog
Disease
Evidence
References
FAT2; FAT atypical cadherin 2
model of  spinocerebellar ataxia 45
IEA
(FlyBase, 2019-)
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
FAT1; FAT atypical cadherin 1
13 of 14
600976
      FAT2; FAT atypical cadherin 2
      12 of 14
      604269
      FAT3; FAT atypical cadherin 3
      11 of 14
      612483
          CDH23; cadherin related 23
          3 of 14
          605516
          Functional Complementation Data
          Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
          Interactions
          Summary of Physical Interactions
          Interaction Browsers
          View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
          Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
          protein-protein
          Physical Interaction
          Assay
          References
          kug - Abi
          pull down, molecular weight estimation by staining
          (Squarr et al., 2016)
          kug - HSPC300
          pull down, molecular weight estimation by staining
          (Squarr et al., 2016)
          Summary of Genetic Interactions
          Interaction Browsers
          View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
          Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
          Starting gene(s)
          Interaction type
          Interacting gene(s)
          Reference
          kug
          suppressible
          Apc2|Apc
          (Vien et al., 2024)
          kug
          enhanceable
          Sema5c
          (Stedden et al., 2019)
          Starting gene(s)
          Interaction type
          Interacting gene(s)
          Reference
          Apc2|Apc
          suppressible
          kug
          (Vien et al., 2024)
          Apc
          enhanceable
          kug
          (Vien et al., 2024)
          dop
          enhanceable
          kug
          (Vien et al., 2024)
          External Data
          Linkouts
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          Pathways
          Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
          Metabolic Pathways
          FlyBase
          External Links
          External Data
          Linkouts
          Class of Gene
          Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
          Chromosome (arm)
          3L
          Recombination map
          3-46
          Cytogenetic map
          76E1-76E1
          Sequence location
          FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
          Cytogenetic map
          Evidence for location
          76E1-76E1
          Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(3)L1243L1243&P{lacW}Mi-2j3D4 and P{PZ}eRF100103
          Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
          Cytogenetic map
          Notes
          References
          Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
          Location

          3-46

          (FlyBase, 2016)

          3-43.5

          (Comeron et al., 2012)

          3-47

          (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)
          Left of (cM)
          Right of (cM)
          Notes
          Stocks and Reagents
          Stocks (11)
          Genomic Clones (14)
           

          Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

          cDNA Clones (50)
           

          Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

          cDNA clones, fully sequenced
          BDGP DGC clones
          Other clones
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

            For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

            cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
            BDGP DGC clones
            Other clones
            RNAi and Array Information
            Linkouts
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            Antibody Information
            Laboratory Generated Antibodies
             

            polyclonal

            (Viktorinová et al., 2009)
            Commercially Available Antibodies
             
            Cell Line Information
            Publicly Available Cell Lines
             
              Other Stable Cell Lines
               
                Other Comments

                RNAi mediated silencing of fat2 affects the formation of tubular ectodermal structures in the embryo, specifically the tracheal system, proventriculus, salivary glands and hindgut.

                (Castillejo-Lopez et al., 2004)

                dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology.

                (Kiger et al., 2003)
                Relationship to Other Genes
                Source for database merge of

                Source for merge of: kug fat2

                (Viktorinová et al., 2009)
                Additional comments

                Nine other alleles discarded by Tubingen

                Nomenclature History
                Source for database identify of

                Source for identity of: fat2 CG7749

                (Hynes and Zhao, 2000)
                Nomenclature comments
                Etymology
                Synonyms and Secondary IDs (18)
                Reported As
                Symbol Synonym
                CG7749
                (Li et al., 2020, Hallier et al., 2015, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Castillejo-Lopez et al., 2004, Hill et al., 2001)
                CT23445
                (Hynes and Zhao, 2000, Hynes and Zhao, 2000)
                Cad76E
                (Tepass et al., 2000)
                DCad76E
                (Tepass et al., 2000)
                Fat-like
                (Kasiah and McNeill, 2023)
                Fat2
                (Lefebvre et al., 2023, Roberto and Emery, 2022, Williams et al., 2022, Bischoff and Bogdan, 2021, Popkova et al., 2021, Cerqueira Campos et al., 2020, Finegan et al., 2019, Horne-Badovinac, 2017)
                Ftl
                (Fung et al., 2008)
                Kug
                (Jiang et al., 2022)
                RE-A
                (Horne-Badovinac et al., 2012)
                fat
                (Gong et al., 2021)
                fat2
                (Bhatt et al., 2025, Dong et al., 2025, Vien et al., 2024, Gehrels et al., 2023, Saunders, 2021, Huang et al., 2020, Balaji et al., 2019, Chen et al., 2019, Stedden et al., 2019, Barlan et al., 2017, Chen et al., 2017, Crest et al., 2017, Rupprecht et al., 2017, Aurich and Dahmann, 2016, Isabella and Horne-Badovinac, 2016, Squarr et al., 2016, Lerner et al., 2013, Viktorinová and Dahmann, 2013, Gates, 2012, Horne-Badovinac et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Viktorinová et al., 2011, Mudiganti et al., 2010, Cronin et al., 2009, Viktorinová et al., 2009, Zartman et al., 2009, Dahmann et al., 2008, König et al., 2007)
                ft2
                (Sadeqzadeh et al., 2014)
                ftl
                (Ng et al., 2006, Castillejo-Lopez et al., 2004)
                kug
                (Bischoff et al., 2025, Corthals et al., 2023, Li et al., 2022, Bangi et al., 2021, Bilder et al., 2021, Pang et al., 2021, Aboukilila et al., 2020, Li et al., 2020, Ghavi-Helm et al., 2019, Clandinin and Owens, 2016-, Hsu et al., 2015, Kwon et al., 2013, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Viktorinová et al., 2009)
                Name Synonyms
                Kugelei
                (Horne-Badovinac, 2017)
                fat-like
                (Sadeqzadeh et al., 2014, Fung et al., 2008, Ng et al., 2006, Castillejo-Lopez et al., 2004, Johnston and Gallant, 2002, Hynes and Zhao, 2000, Hynes and Zhao, 2000)
                fat2
                (Sharma and McNeill, 2013, Ejsmont et al., 2009)
                kugel
                (Gates, 2012, Gutzeit et al., 1991)
                kugelei
                (Hallier et al., 2015, Sadeqzadeh et al., 2014, Gates, 2012, Viktorinová et al., 2009, Dahmann et al., 2008)
                Secondary FlyBase IDs
                • FBgn0036930
                • FBgn0001329
                Datasets (0)
                Study focus (0)
                Experimental Role
                Project
                Project Type
                Title
                Study result (0)
                Result
                Result Type
                Title
                External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 49 )
                Sequence Crossreferences
                NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                Other crossreferences
                AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                Linkouts
                Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
                MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                References (117)