FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\brun
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\brun
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
brunelleschi
Annotation Symbol
CG2478
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0261787
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
10 publicly available
Gene Summary
Cooperates with Rab11 and fwd/PI4K to mediate the flow of membrane through the Golgi, which is required to support cleavage furrow ingression, therefore promoting cytokinesis in male meiotic cells. (UniProt, Q9VIL0)
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Also Known As

bru, 38D.28, TRAPPC9

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
38D2-38D2
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-54
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:20650755..20656178
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (14 terms)
Molecular Function (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (8 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in actomyosin contractile ring contraction
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Robinett et al., 2009, Giansanti et al., 2004)
involved_in male meiosis cytokinesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Robinett et al., 2009)
involved_in meiosis I cytokinesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Giansanti et al., 2004)
involved_in meiosis II cytokinesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Giansanti et al., 2004)
involved_in meiotic spindle organization
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Giansanti et al., 2004)
involved_in spermatocyte division
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Robinett et al., 2009)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in Golgi vesicle transport
inferred by curator from GO:1990071
(Riedel et al., 2018)
involved_in intra-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with SGD:S000002815
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
Cellular Component (6 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in acroblast
inferred from direct assay
(Robinett et al., 2009)
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Robinett et al., 2009)
located_in Golgi apparatus
inferred from direct assay
(Riedel et al., 2018, Robinett et al., 2009)
part_of TRAPPII protein complex
inferred from direct assay
(Riedel et al., 2018)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in trans-Golgi network
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000487689
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
part_of TRAPP complex
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with SGD:S000002815
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the NIBP family. (Q9VIL0)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
TRAPPII COMPLEX -
The TRAPPII complex is a Rab guanine nucleotide-exchange factor complex involved in ER-Golgi and intra-Golgi trafficking. (Adapted from FBrf0238107.)
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Cooperates with Rab11 and fwd/PI4K to mediate the flow of membrane through the Golgi, which is required to support cleavage furrow ingression, therefore promoting cytokinesis in male meiotic cells.
(UniProt, Q9VIL0)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\brun for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VIL0)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.48

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
brun-RA
FBtr0081403
NM_136200
4892
1320
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
brun-PA
FBpp0080933
146.0
1320
6.79
Q9VIL0
NP_610044
AAF53907
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

May be part of the multisubunit TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex.

(UniProt, Q9VIL0)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\brun using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.75

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in acroblast
inferred from direct assay
(Robinett et al., 2009)
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Robinett et al., 2009)
located_in Golgi apparatus
inferred from direct assay
(Riedel et al., 2018, Robinett et al., 2009)
part_of TRAPPII protein complex
inferred from direct assay
(Riedel et al., 2018)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\brun in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 9 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 9 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of brun
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of brun
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(2L)Exel7078
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Df(2L)pr2b
(Robinett et al., 2009, Giansanti et al., 2004)
Inferred from location ( 4 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal - all die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
viable (with Df(2L)Exel7078)
Sterility
Allele
female fertile (with Df(2L)pr2b)
male semi-sterile (with Df(2L)Exel7078)
male sterile
male sterile (with Df(2L)Exel7078)
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal cytokinesis | male (with Df(2L)pr2b)
abnormal cytokinesis | male | recessive
abnormal cytokinesis | male | temperature conditional (with Df(2L)pr2b)
abnormal meiotic cell cycle | male (with Df(2L)pr2b)
abnormal meiotic cell cycle | male | recessive
abnormal meiotic cell cycle | male | temperature conditional (with Df(2L)pr2b)
abnormal mitotic cell cycle | male (with Df(2L)pr2b)
abnormal mitotic cell cycle | male | recessive
some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
acroblast (with Df(2L)pr2b)
contractile ring (with Df(2L)pr2b)
contractile ring & meiotic telophase I | male
contractile ring & meiotic telophase I | male (with Df(2L)pr2b)
contractile ring & meiotic telophase II | male
contractile ring & meiotic telophase II | male (with Df(2L)pr2b)
mesonotum, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
Nebenkern
Nebenkern (with Df(2L)pr2b)
spermatid & nucleus | supernumerary
spermatid & nucleus | supernumerary (with Df(2L)pr2b)
spermatocyte (with Df(2L)pr2b)
spindle & meiotic telophase I | male
spindle & meiotic telophase I | male (with Df(2L)pr2b)
spindle & meiotic telophase II | male
spindle & meiotic telophase II | male (with Df(2L)pr2b)
trichogen cell, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (1)
Hsap\TRAPPC9
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)
Rnor\Trappc9
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (1)
Mmus\Trappc9
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (1)
Xtro\trappc9
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (1)
Drer\si:dkey-218f9.10
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
Cele\trpp-9
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009487
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (1)
Atha\TRS120
9 of 13
Yes
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)
Scer\TRS120
6 of 13
Yes
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
Spom\trs120
5 of 12
Yes
Yes
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:brun. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
Allele
Disease
Evidence
References
brunGD5423
model of  attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
CEA
(Klein et al., 2020)
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
brunGD5423
exacerbates  Machado-Joseph disease
modeled by Hsap\ATXN3tr.Q78.UAS.Tag:HA
(Voßfeldt et al., 2012)
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
TRAPPC9; trafficking protein particle complex subunit 9
13 of 14
611966
 
Functional Complementation Data
Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
Interactions
Summary of Physical Interactions
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interaction Browsers
View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
brun
enhanceable
Rab11
(Robinett et al., 2009)
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
Rab11
enhanceable
brun
(Robinett et al., 2009)
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
May be part of the multisubunit TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex.
(UniProt, Q9VIL0 )
Linkouts
DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
Pathways
Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
Metabolic Pathways
FlyBase
External Links
External Data
Linkouts
Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
Class of Gene
Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
Chromosome (arm)
2L
Recombination map
2-54
Cytogenetic map
38D2-38D2
Sequence location
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Evidence for location
38D2-38D2
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}k02501&P{lacW}k14810 and P{PZ}Hr3802306&P{PZ}dia1
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Notes
References
Location based on deficiency mapping.
(Giansanti et al., 2004)
38B5-38E1
(Giansanti et al., 2004)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location

2-54

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-54.1

(Comeron et al., 2012)

2-

(Giansanti et al., 2004)
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Stocks and Reagents
Stocks (10)
Genomic Clones (14)
 

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (45)
 

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
RNAi and Array Information
Linkouts
DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
Antibody Information
Laboratory Generated Antibodies
 

polyclonal

(Riedel et al., 2018)
Commercially Available Antibodies
 
Cell Line Information
Publicly Available Cell Lines
 
    Other Stable Cell Lines
     
    Other Comments
    Relationship to Other Genes
    Source for database merge of

    Source for merge of: bru CG2478

    (Robinett et al., 2009)
    Additional comments
    Nomenclature History
    Source for database identify of

    Source for identity of: brun bru

    (FlyBase, 2009-)
    Nomenclature comments

    Changed symbol from 'bru' to 'brun' to minimise confusion with the 'bru1' gene (FBgn0000114), which is commonly referred to as 'bru'.

    (FlyBase, 2009-)
    Etymology
    Synonyms and Secondary IDs (7)
    Datasets (0)
    Study focus (0)
    Experimental Role
    Project
    Project Type
    Title
    Study result (0)
    Result
    Result Type
    Title
    External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 37 )
    Sequence Crossreferences
    NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
    GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
    GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
    RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
    UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
    UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
    Other crossreferences
    AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
    BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
    DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
    EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
    FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
    InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
    KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
    MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
    Linkouts
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
    FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
    FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
    Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
    Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
    FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
    References (50)