FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\bru1

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\bru1

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

bruno 1

Annotation Symbol

CG31762

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0000114

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

25 publicly available

Gene Summary

bruno 1 (bru1) encodes an RNA binding protein acting in multiple forms of post-transcriptional gene regulation including repression and activation of translation and alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs. The product of bru1 is required for gametogenesis, developmental patterning, and muscle organization. [Date last reviewed: 2018-09-06] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Red Book
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

aret, Bruno, Bru, arrest, Dm Bru

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

33D2-33E1

Sequence location

2L:12,175,004..12,313,438 [+]

Recombination map

2-46

RefSeq locus

NT_033779 REGION:12175004..12313438

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (24 terms)

Molecular Function (5 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables mRNA 3'-UTR binding

inferred from direct assay

(Kanke et al., 2015, Moore et al., 2009, Filardo and Ephrussi, 2003)

enables protein binding

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:orb; FB:FBgn0004882

(Castagnetti and Ephrussi, 2003)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:apt; FB:FBgn0015903

(Lie and Macdonald, 1999)

enables RNA binding

inferred from direct assay

(Chekulaeva et al., 2006)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables mRNA 3'-UTR binding

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002539198

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

traceable author statement

(Dean et al., 2002)

enables mRNA binding

non-traceable author statement

(Dean et al., 2002)

traceable author statement

(van Eeden and St. Johnston, 1999)

inferred from sequence or structural similarity

(Lasko, 2000)

enables nucleic acid binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR035979

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

enables RNA binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000504

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Biological Process (13 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (12 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in female germ-line stem cell population maintenance

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:enok; FB:FBgn0034975

(Xin et al., 2013)

involved_in germ cell development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Sugimura and Lilly, 2006)

involved_in negative regulation of oskar mRNA translation

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:osk; FB:FBgn0003015

(Castagnetti and Ephrussi, 2003)

inferred from direct assay

(Chekulaeva et al., 2006)

involved_in negative regulation of translation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Moore et al., 2009, Filardo and Ephrussi, 2003)

involved_in oogenesis

inferred from high throughput mutant phenotype

(Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kanke et al., 2015, Filardo and Ephrussi, 2003, Parisi et al., 2001)

involved_in pole plasm assembly

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:osk; FB:FBgn0003015

(Siddiqui et al., 2024)

involved_in positive regulation of exit from mitosis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Sugimura and Lilly, 2006)

involved_in positive regulation of oskar mRNA translation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Siddiqui et al., 2024)

involved_in positive regulation of stem cell differentiation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Xin et al., 2013)

involved_in regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome

inferred from high throughput mutant phenotype

(Park et al., 2004)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Spletter et al., 2015, Oas et al., 2014)

involved_in regulation of myofibril size

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Spletter et al., 2015)

involved_in sarcomere organization

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Spletter et al., 2015)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in mRNA splice site recognition

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002769006

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in negative regulation of oskar mRNA translation

traceable author statement

(Johnstone and Lasko, 2001, Cooperstock and Lipshitz, 1997)

non-traceable author statement

(Leatherman and Jongens, 2003, Dean et al., 2002)

involved_in regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002769006

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Cellular Component (6 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in cytoplasm

inferred from direct assay

(Spletter et al., 2015, Snee et al., 2008)

located_in nuclear body

inferred from direct assay

(Oas et al., 2014)

located_in nuclear membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Spletter et al., 2015)

located_in nucleus

inferred from direct assay

(Spletter et al., 2015, Oas et al., 2014)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:sbr; FB:FBgn0003321

(Snee et al., 2008)

located_in P granule

inferred from direct assay

(Kanke et al., 2015, Snee and Macdonald, 2004)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in nucleus

inferred by curator from GO:0000381

(Park et al., 2004)

part_of ribonucleoprotein complex

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002768817

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)

aret: arrest (T. Schupbach and E. Wieschaus)

Female sterile; homozygous females often have underdeveloped ovaries which seem to lack germ cells altogether. In some females a small number of developing egg chambers is found. These never develop beyond the first few stages of oogenesis.

Summary (Interactive Fly)

ribonucleoprotein-type RNA-binding protein - regulates multiple mRNAs involved in female and male gametogenesis

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\bru1 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q8IP90)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

2KHC

Comments on Gene Model

Annotated transcripts do not represent all possible combinations of alternative exons and/or alternative promoters.

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Gene model reviewed during 6.46

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

bru1-RA

FBtr0080345

NM_165004

2651

604

bru1-RB

FBtr0080344

NM_165002

3436

810

bru1-RD

FBtr0080347

NM_165005

2385

361

bru1-RE

FBtr0300567

NM_001169492

2302

604

bru1-RF

FBtr0331644

NM_165003

3342

620

bru1-RG

FBtr0331645

NM_001273474

4147

810

bru1-RH

FBtr0331646

NM_001273475

3381

573

bru1-RI

FBtr0331647

NM_001273476

3019

573

bru1-RJ

FBtr0331648

NM_001273477

2431

573

bru1-RK

FBtr0331998

NM_001273478

3510

573

bru1-RL

FBtr0481698

NM_001414076

2942

254

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

4.0, 3.7, 3.3, 2.7 (northern blot)

(Webster et al., 1997)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

bru1-PA

FBpp0079927

64.1

604

7.74

FBpp0079926

88.3

810

7.06

FBpp0079929

37.7

361

8.73

FBpp0289794

64.1

604

7.74

FBpp0304034

65.6

620

8.67

FBpp0304035

88.3

810

7.06

FBpp0304036

60.4

573

7.74

FBpp0304037

60.4

573

7.74

FBpp0304038

60.4

573

7.74

FBpp0304320

60.4

573

7.74

FBpp0428458

29.9

254

6.83

UYI43957

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

810 aa isoforms: bru1-PB, bru1-PG

604 aa isoforms: bru1-PA, bru1-PE

573 aa isoforms: bru1-PH, bru1-PI, bru1-PJ, bru1-PK

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

808, 604 (aa)

(Webster et al., 1997)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

2KHC

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\bru1 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

2.23

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

pole plasm

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism

• pole plasm

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 1 -- 4

pole plasm | posterior

(Lecuyer et al., 2007)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism

Comment: rapidly degraded

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

primordial germ cell

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 5

primordial germ cell

(Lecuyer et al., 2007)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

primordial germ cell

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

germline cell

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

germline cell

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

embryonic anal pad

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic hindgut

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic/larval fat body

(Fisher et al., 2012)

germline cell

(Fisher et al., 2012)

gonad

(Fisher et al., 2012)

adult stage & oogenesis

nurse cell

(Webster et al., 1997)

germarium

(Webster et al., 1997)

oocyte

(Webster et al., 1997)

oogenesis & adult stage | female

germarium region 2a

(Webster et al., 1997)

microinjection

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

pupal stage P6

indirect flight muscle cell

Comment: RNA-Seq, isolated IFM, 30 hours APF

(Spletter et al., 2015)

pharate adult stage P9

indirect flight muscle cell

Comment: RNA-Seq, isolated IFM, 72 hours APF

(Spletter et al., 2015)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage | female

(Webster et al., 1997)

adult stage | male

testis

(Webster et al., 1997)

Additional Descriptive Data

bru1 mRNA is highly expressed in developing IFMs at 30 and 72 hours APF and is maintained at lower levels in adult IFMs but is not in tubular leg or jump muscles.

(Spletter et al., 2015)

aret expression at embryonic stages 1-4 is localized to the posterior pole of the embryo.

(Lecuyer et al., 2007)

The 4.0kb aret transcript is expressed specifically in the testis.

(Webster et al., 1997)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

pupal stage -- adult stage

flight muscle cell

• nucleus

(Oas et al., 2014)

pupal stage P5 -- P6

flight muscle cell

• nucleus

(Oas et al., 2014)

adult stage & oogenesis

germarium

(Webster et al., 1997)

nurse cell

(Webster et al., 1997)

oocyte

(Webster et al., 1997)

adult stage | female & oogenesis

female germline cyst

(Wang and Lin, 2007)

oogenesis & adult stage | female

oocyte | intense

(Wang and Lin, 2007)

germline stem cell | faint

(Wang and Lin, 2007)

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

Additional Descriptive Data

bru1 protein is localized to the nucleus of flight muscles; it is immunologically undetectable in other adult muscles.

(Oas et al., 2014)

bru1 accumulates in nuclei of flight muscles, but not jump muscles.

(Oas et al., 2014)

bru1 is detectable in 4-cell cysts and reaches high levels in 16-cell cysts.

(Wang and Lin, 2007)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in cytoplasm

inferred from direct assay

(Spletter et al., 2015, Snee et al., 2008)

located_in nuclear body

inferred from direct assay

(Oas et al., 2014)

located_in nuclear membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Spletter et al., 2015)

located_in nucleus

inferred from direct assay

(Spletter et al., 2015, Oas et al., 2014)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:sbr; FB:FBgn0003321

(Snee et al., 2008)

located_in P granule

inferred from direct assay

(Kanke et al., 2015, Snee and Macdonald, 2004)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\bru1 in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\bru1

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\bru1

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0000114

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

34648/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0000114

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0000114

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0000114

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG31762

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0000114

Images

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

Show all FlyExpress processed images for Dmel\bru1

Stages(s) 1-3
Stages(s) 4-6
Stages(s) 7-8
Stages(s) 9-10
Stages(s) 13-16

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 46 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 37 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of bru1

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of bru1

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 5 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 5 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(2L)BSC407

(Christensen et al., 2008.4.15)

Df(2L)esc-P3-0

(Sugimura and Lilly, 2006, Castrillon et al., 1993)

Df(2L)prd1.7

(Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991)

Df(2L)Prl

(Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991)

Gene partially disrupted in

Df(2L)CRIMIC-CR71460

(Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-)

Inferred from location ( 8 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal

bru1^MI00135

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

bru1^GD17093

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^nub-AC-62

bru1^HMJ21531

lethal | female limited, with Scer\GAL4^dome-PG14

bru1^HMJ21531

lethal - all die during embryonic stage | dominant | maternal effect | partially

bru1^QB

partially lethal | maternal effect

bru1^3glu

partially lethal - majority die | recessive

viable

bru1^{MI00135-GFSTF.1}

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

bru1^GD8699

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

bru1^GD8699

viable (with bru1^PA)

viable (with bru1^PD)

viable (with bru1^QB)

Sterility

Allele

female sterile

female sterile, with Scer\GAL4^VP16.otu

female sterile (with bru1^PA)

female sterile (with bru1^PD)

female sterile (with bru1^QB)

female sterile (with Df(2L)esc-P3-0)

bru1^Z2286

female sterile | recessive

male sterile | recessive

bru1⁰¹²⁸⁴

semi-sterile, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.mGFP6

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal behavior | recessive

bru1^BG01566

abnormal cell polarity | oogenesis, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.cFa

abnormal flight, with Scer\GAL4^Act88F.PB

abnormal mitotic cell cycle (with bru1^PA)

abnormal mitotic cell cycle (with bru1^QB)

bru1^PA

abnormal mitotic cell cycle (with bru1^WH)

bru1^PA

abnormal mitotic cell cycle (with bru1^Z2286)

bru1^PA

abnormal size

bru1^M2

abnormal size | adult stage

bru1^M1

decreased cell number | embryonic stage | maternal effect, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.mat.αTub67C}

decreased occurrence of cell division | oogenesis, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.cFa

decreased size, with Scer\GAL4^Mhc.PU

bru1^UAS.cOa

embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

flightless

bru1^M1

flightless, with Scer\GAL4^Act88F.PU

bru1^GD8699

flightless, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

flightless, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PU

bru1^GD8699

flightless (with bru1^PA)

flightless (with bru1^PD)

flightless (with bru1^QB)

flightless (with Df(2L)BSC407)

bru1^M1

increased occurrence of cell division | oogenesis, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.cFa

some die during embryonic stage | maternal effect | partially

bru1^QB

visible, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

bru1^HM04010

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

dorsal appendage, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

egg chamber

egg chamber | germline clone

bru1^QB

egg chamber | oogenesis, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.cFa

egg chorion, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.cFa

embryo, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.mGFP6

embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | maternal effect, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.cFa

embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | maternal effect (with bru1^PA)

bru1^PD

embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | maternal effect (with bru1^PD)

bru1^PA

embryonic/larval cuticle | posterior

embryonic abdominal segment | maternal effect, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.cSa

female germline cyst

bru1^QB

female germline cyst, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.mGFP6

female germline stem cell

bru1¹

female germline stem cell | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.cFa

female germline stem cell | progressive, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.cFa

flight muscle cell, with Scer\GAL4^Act88F.PB

bru1^GD17093

germ cell & egg chamber

germ cell & egg chamber (with Df(2L)esc-P3-0)

bru1^Z2286

germ cell & egg chamber | supernumerary

germ cell & egg chamber | supernumerary (with Df(2L)esc-P3-0)

bru1^Z2286

indirect flight muscle cell

bru1^M2

indirect flight muscle cell, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

bru1^GD8699

indirect flight muscle cell (with bru1^PD)

bru1^QB

indirect flight muscle cell (with bru1^QB)

bru1^PD

indirect flight muscle cell | adult stage

bru1^M1

micropyle | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.cFa

mitotic spindle | ectopic | oogenesis stage S4 (with bru1^PA)

mitotic spindle | ectopic | oogenesis stage S4 (with bru1^QB)

bru1^PA

mitotic spindle | ectopic | oogenesis stage S4 (with bru1^WH)

bru1^PA

mitotic spindle | ectopic | oogenesis stage S4 (with bru1^Z2286)

bru1^PA

muscle cell

bru1^M2

muscle cell | absent, with Scer\GAL4^Mhc.PU

bru1^UAS.cOa

myofibril

bru1^M2

myofibril, with Scer\GAL4^Act88F.PB

bru1^GD17093

myofibril, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

bru1^GD8699

myofibril, with Scer\GAL4^Mhc.PU

bru1^UAS.cOa

myofibril (with bru1^PD)

bru1^QB

myofibril (with bru1^QB)

bru1^PD

myofibril | adult stage

bru1^M1

nurse cell

nurse cell, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.cFa

nurse cell (with bru1^PA)

nurse cell (with bru1^QB)

bru1^PA

nurse cell (with bru1^WH)

bru1^PA

nurse cell | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.cFa

nurse cell | oogenesis stage S4 (with bru1^PA)

nurse cell | oogenesis stage S4 (with bru1^QB)

bru1^PA

nurse cell | oogenesis stage S4 (with bru1^WH)

bru1^PA

nurse cell | oogenesis stage S4 (with bru1^Z2286)

bru1^PA

nurse cell fusome

nurse cell ring canal

nurse cell spectrosome

oocyte

oocyte, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.cFa

oocyte | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.cFa

ovariole

ovary

ovary (with bru1^PA)

bru1^PD

ovary (with bru1^PD)

ovary (with bru1^QB)

bru1^PD

ovary (with Df(2L)esc-P2-0)

bru1^PD

primordial germ cell | decreased number | maternal effect, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.mat.αTub67C}

ring canal | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}

bru1^UASp.cFa

sarcomere

bru1^M2

sarcomere, with Scer\GAL4^Act88F.PB

bru1^GD17093

sarcomere, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

bru1^GD8699

sarcomere, with Scer\GAL4^Mhc.PU

bru1^UAS.cOa

sarcomere (with bru1^PD)

bru1^QB

sarcomere (with bru1^QB)

bru1^PD

sarcomere | adult stage

bru1^M1

wing, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

bru1^HM04010

Z disc, with Scer\GAL4^Act88F.PB

bru1^GD17093

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (76)

Hsap\CELF2

13 of 14

Yes

Hsap\CELF1

12 of 14

Yes

6 of 14

6 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

144

Hsap\TIA1

1 of 14

Hsap\TIAL1

1 of 14

Hsap\U2AF2

1 of 14

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (56)

Rnor\Celf1

12 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Celf2

12 of 14

Yes

6 of 14

6 of 14

6 of 14

4 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (59)

Mmus\Celf1

12 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Celf2

12 of 14

Yes

6 of 14

6 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (49)

Xtro\celf2

10 of 13

Yes

Xtro\celf1

9 of 13

Yes

4 of 13

4 of 13

3 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (71)

Drer\celf2

12 of 14

Yes

Drer\celf1

11 of 14

Yes

6 of 14

6 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (30)

Cele\etr-1

9 of 14

Yes

7 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (48)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP009477

8 of 12

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP004950

4 of 12

Agam\AgaP_AGAP009474

3 of 12

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP009475

3 of 12

Yes

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (88)

Atha\AT1G03457

9 of 13

Yes

Atha\RBP-DR1

9 of 13

Yes

Atha\FCA

6 of 13

Atha\AT2G47310

5 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\LIF2

1 of 13

Atha\ML4

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (15)

Scer\GBP2

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\HRP1

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\MIP6

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\MRD1

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\NOP12

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\NOP13

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\NOP15

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\NPL3

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\NSR1

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\PAB1

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\PUB1

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\SGN1

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\SNP1

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\WHI3

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\WHI4

1 of 13

Yes

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (10)

Spom\cwf29

1 of 12

Yes

Spom\nop12

1 of 12

Yes

Spom\pabp

1 of 12

Yes

Spom\rsd1

1 of 12

Yes

Spom\SPAC25G10.01

1 of 12

Yes

Spom\SPAC328.05

1 of 12

Yes

Spom\SPBC660.15

1 of 12

Yes

Spom\SPBP22H7.02c

1 of 12

Yes

Spom\SPCC1827.05c

1 of 12

Yes

Spom\spo5

1 of 12

Yes

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:bru1. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (43)

10 of 13

9 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

Spx

2 of 13

ssx

2 of 13

Sxl

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

fne

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

mod

1 of 13

msi

1 of 13

nito

1 of 13

nonA-l

1 of 13

nonA

1 of 13

Pof

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

sqd

1 of 13

Syp

1 of 13

TBPH

1 of 13

trv

1 of 13

U2af50

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Alzheimer disease, susceptibility to (postulated), CELF1-related

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

CELF2; CUGBP Elav-like family member 2

model of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 97

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

bru1^UASp.cSa

ameliorates tauopathy

modeled by Hsap\MAPT^V337M.UAS

(Shulman et al., 2014)

bru1^BG01566

exacerbates tauopathy

modeled by Hsap\MAPT^UAS.cWa

(Bernstein et al., 2016)

modeled by Hsap\MAPT^V337M.UAS

(Bernstein et al., 2016)

modeled by Hsap\MAPT^R406W.UAS

(Bernstein et al., 2016)

bru1^GD8699

exacerbates tauopathy

modeled by Hsap\MAPT^V337M.UAS

(Shulman et al., 2014)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

CELF2; CUGBP Elav-like family member 2

13 of 14

602538

DEVELOPMENTAL AND EPILEPTIC ENCEPHALOPATHY 97; DEE97

developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 97

CELF1; CUGBP Elav-like family member 1

12 of 14

CUGBP- AND ELAV-LIKE FAMILY, MEMBER 1; CELF1

CELF3; CUGBP Elav-like family member 3

6 of 14

612678

CELF4; CUGBP Elav-like family member 4

6 of 14

612679

CELF5; CUGBP Elav-like family member 5

5 of 14

612680

CELF6; CUGBP Elav-like family member 6

5 of 14

612681

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

RNA-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

bru1 - B52

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography, systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment, full identification by DNA sequencing

(Kim et al., 2003)

bru1 - Sxl

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Wang and Lin, 2007)

bru1 - aub

iclip, partial RNA sequence identification

(Barckmann et al., 2015)

bru1 - gcl

pull down, autoradiography

(Moore et al., 2009)

bru1 - grk

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, nucleic acid uv cross-linking assay, autoradiography

(Filardo and Ephrussi, 2003)

bru1 - pgc

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr

(Flora et al., 2018)

bru1 - smg

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr

(Chen et al., 2014)

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

bru1

pull down, anti tag western blot

(Kim et al., 2015)

bru1 - Rbfox1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Tastan et al., 2010)

bru1 - apt

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Lie and Macdonald, 1999)

bru1 - cup

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, two hybrid, pull down, anti tag western blot, colocalization, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author

(Salgania et al., 2024, Kim et al., 2015, Nakamura et al., 2004)

bru1 - eIF4E1

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Nakamura et al., 2004)

bru1 - me31B

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Nakamura et al., 2004)

bru1 - nanos

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, colocalization, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author, two hybrid, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Marhabaie et al., 2024, Salgania et al., 2024, Bansal et al., 2020)

bru1 - orb

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Wong et al., 2011, Castagnetti and Ephrussi, 2003)

bru1 - sqd

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, pull down, autoradiography

(Norvell et al., 1999)

bru1 - vas

pull down, western blot

(Webster et al., 1997)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

bru1

suppressible

eIF4E1

(Yan and Macdonald, 2004)

enhanceable

(Xin et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Yan and Macdonald, 2004)

bru1

enhanceable

Lk6

(Yan and Macdonald, 2004)

bru1

suppressible

Mhc

(Nikonova et al., 2022, Spletter et al., 2015)

bru1

enhanceable

(Yan and Macdonald, 2004)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

grk

suppressible

bru1

(Filardo and Ephrussi, 2003)

mbl

enhanceable

bru1

(Vicente-Crespo et al., 2008)

osk

enhanceable

bru1

(Yano et al., 2004, Webster et al., 1997)

Rbfox1

enhanceable

bru1

(Nikonova et al., 2022, Tastan et al., 2010)

External Data

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

60697

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0000114

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

34648

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

34648

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Dorso-ventral axis formation

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

2-46

Cytogenetic map

33D2-33E1

Sequence location

2L:12,175,004..12,313,438 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

33D2-33E1

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

33D-33D

(Webster, 1996.10.9)

33C1-33D5

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Spradling et al., 1999)

33D-33D

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Webster et al., 1997)

33C1-33D5

(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-46

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-40.2

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (25)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

12583

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GT1}bru1^BG01566

12635

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GT1}bru1^BG00614

25234

w¹¹¹⁸; Mi{ET1}bru1^MB05908

44483

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMC02374}attP2

38983

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMS01899}attP40

54812

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMJ21531}attP40

30595

y¹ w^*; Mi{MIC}bru1^MI00010

NIG-Fly

HMC02374

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMC02374}attP2

HMJ21531

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMJ21531}attP40/CyO

VDRC

v107459

P{KK110026}VIE-260B

v41568

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD8699}v41568

v48237

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD17093}v48237/TM3

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (80)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (134)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0000114

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0000114

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Nikonova et al., 2024, Nikonova et al., 2022, Webster et al., 1997)

monoclonal

(Na et al., 2016, Kim et al., 2015)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

aret represses the expression of Sxl through the BRE (Bruno Response Element) sites in the Sxl promoter.

(Wang and Lin, 2007)

Cell-free assays indicate that aret represses osk translation by two different mechanisms. The first is by interacting with the cup protein that binds the eIF-4E protein, thus preventing recruitment of the small ribosomal subunit. The second is by inducing oligomerization of osk mRNA which is then sequestered in large RNP complexes that cannot be accessed by the 43S preinitiation complex.

(Chekulaeva et al., 2006)

aret encodes an mRNA binding protein that binds to sequences found in the 3'UTRs of osk and grk.

(Filardo and Ephrussi, 2003)

Control of germ cell proliferation.

(Filardo and Ephrussi, 2003)

aret has a function in the cytoblast to cyst transition during early oogenesis.

(Parisi et al., 2001)

aret protein regulates multiple mRNAs involved in gametogenesis and early embryogenesis.

(Webster et al., 1997)

One readily detectable protein with an apparent molecular weight of 80kD binds specifically to the nos mRNA 3' untranslated region (3'UTR), the protein is called aret. Binding assays demonstrate aret response elements (BRE) exist in the A, B and C region of osk 3' UTR. aret is required for preventing translation of osk mRNA prior to its localisation at the posterior pole of the oocyte.

(Kim-Ha et al., 1995)

Postmeiotic differentiation defect.

(Castrillon et al., 1993)

The aret locus affects early oogenesis.

(Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991)

Mutations cause the production of few, defective, germ cells. In weak alleles their may be small egg chambers that fail to develop.

(Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: aret NEST:bs34h11

(Rana, 2004.7.8)

Source for merge of: aret NEST:bs01g04

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Source for merge of: aret BcDNA:GM15173

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Additional comments

Source for merge of aret NEST:bs01g04 was sequence comparison ( date:030903 ).

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003, FlyBase, 1996-)

Source for merge of aret BcDNA:GM15173 was a shared cDNA ( date:030728 ).

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: aret CG6319

(Zhong, 1999.11)

Source for identity of: bru1 aret

(FlyBase, 2009-)

Nomenclature comments

Changed from 'aret/arrest' to 'bru1/bruno 1' to reflect the nomenclature used in first paper to characterize the gene (FBrf0082225), the preferred usage in the literature since, and the subsequent discovery of additional members of the bruno family (FBrf0129832).

(FlyBase, 2009-)

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (22)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

ARET

(Ray et al., 2013, Sofola et al., 2007)

Aret

(Nikonova et al., 2020, Sofola et al., 2007, Bandyopadhyay et al., 2006)

BcDNA:GM15173

Bru1

(Wilby and Weil, 2023, Lasko, 2020, Nikonova et al., 2020, Rust et al., 2020)

Bruno

(Breznak et al., 2023, Bansal et al., 2020, Laws et al., 2015, Gonsalvez and Long, 2012, Jansen and Niessing, 2012, Li et al., 2012, Vazquez-Pianzola and Suter, 2012, Tastan et al., 2010, Wong et al., 2007)

Bruno 1

(Bayer et al., 2024)

CG31762

(National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Na et al., 2016, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Macdonald and Long, 2006)

CG6319

(Oliver, 2001.8.16, Good, 2000.3.24)

Dm Bru

(Horb and Horb, 2010, Good et al., 2000)

NEST:bs01g04

NEST:bs34h11

aret

(Dyson et al., 2025, Victor Atoki et al., 2025, Giong et al., 2021, Bolus et al., 2020, Trcek et al., 2020, Fingerhut et al., 2019, Flora et al., 2018, Joos et al., 2018, Bernstein et al., 2016, Davidson et al., 2016, McMahon et al., 2016, Na et al., 2016, Aradska et al., 2015, Barckmann et al., 2015, Gene Disruption Project members, 2015-, Jambor et al., 2015, Kanke et al., 2015, Liu and Lasko, 2015, Morozova et al., 2015, Spletter et al., 2015, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Chen et al., 2014, Oas et al., 2014, Olesnicky et al., 2014, Shulman et al., 2014, Temme et al., 2014, Yan et al., 2014, Vlasova-St Louis et al., 2013, Mackay et al., 2012, Carreira et al., 2011, Friedman et al., 2011, Hartmann et al., 2011, Reveal et al., 2011, Gan et al., 2010, Kong et al., 2010, Chau et al., 2009, Kwon et al., 2009, Moore et al., 2009, Christensen et al., 2008.4.15, Snee et al., 2008, Vicente-Crespo et al., 2008, Lecuyer et al., 2007, Maines et al., 2007, Neuman-Silberberg, 2007, Sofola et al., 2007, Tadros et al., 2007, Wang and Lin, 2007, Hempel et al., 2006, McIntyre et al., 2006, Sugimura and Lilly, 2006, Webster et al., 1997)

aret/bruno1

(Vicente-Crespo et al., 2008)

arrest/Bruno

(Deng and Lin, 2001)

bru

(Marhabaie et al., 2024, Kina et al., 2019, Flora et al., 2018, Kelleher et al., 2018, Fabian and Brill, 2012, Snee et al., 2008, Snee et al., 2007, Braat et al., 2004, Lie and Macdonald, 1999, Webster et al., 1997)

bru-1

(Whittle and Extavour, 2019)

bruno

(Bose et al., 2024, Vicente-Crespo et al., 2008, Wang and Lin, 2007, Sugimura and Lilly, 2006, Delaunay et al., 2004, Yano et al., 2004)

ms(2)01284

Name Synonyms

Bruno

(Breznak et al., 2023, Hinnant et al., 2020, Sankaranarayanan and Weil, 2020, Spletter et al., 2015, Barckmann and Simonelig, 2013, Vlasova-St Louis et al., 2013, Vazquez-Pianzola et al., 2011, Wong et al., 2011, Lan et al., 2010, Besse et al., 2009, Lyon et al., 2009, Moore et al., 2009, Reich et al., 2009, Vardy et al., 2009, Moore and Lasko, 2008, Snee et al., 2008, Maines et al., 2007, Tadros et al., 2007, Chekulaeva et al., 2006, Jenny et al., 2006, Kozak, 2006, Seydoux and Braun, 2006, Valencia-Sanchez et al., 2006, Macdonald, 2004, Nakamura et al., 2004, Filardo and Ephrussi, 2003, Leatherman and Jongens, 2003, Darnell, 2002, Kloc et al., 2002, Riechmann et al., 2002, Riechmann and Ephrussi, 2001, Wilkinson and Shyu, 2001, Castagnetti et al., 2000, Castagnetti et al., 2000, Lie and Macdonald, 1999, Macdonald et al., 1999, Norvell et al., 1999, Norvell et al., 1999, Preiss and Hentze, 1999, Ephrussi, 1998, Gunkel et al., 1998, Ephrussi, 1997)

Bruno 1

(Milano et al., 2025)

arrest

(Spletter et al., 2015, Laver et al., 2013, Vlasova-St Louis et al., 2013, Xin et al., 2013, Tastan et al., 2010, Chau et al., 2009, Edwards et al., 2009, Snee et al., 2008, Neuman-Silberberg, 2007, Tadros et al., 2007, Wang and Lin, 2007, Hempel et al., 2006)

bruno 1

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0015367
FBgn0045095
FBgn0045436
FBgn0051762
FBgn0063197

Datasets (0)

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External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 105 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

34648

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q8IP90

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q8IP90

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0000114

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

34648/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0000114

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0000114

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0000114

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG31762

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

34648

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

2KHC

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

60697

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0000114

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0000114

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0000114

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0000114

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0000114

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG31762

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0000114

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Dorso-ventral axis formation

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

34648

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

34648

References (265)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

2.23

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