FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\Nlg2

FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026

FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026

Gene: Dmel\Nlg2

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Nlg2

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Neuroligin 2

Annotation Symbol

CG13772

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0031866

Gene Model Status

Stock Availability

54 publicly available

Gene Summary

Neuroligin 2 (Nlg2) encodes a transmembrane protein that interacts with the product of Nrx-1, and recruits scaffolding proteins for organization of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptors. The product of Nlg2 functions in synaptic growth and regulation, and is involved in the modulation of social and courtship behavior. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

neuroligin, dnlg2, dnl2

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

Sequence location

2L:6,874,900..6,906,656 [+]

Recombination map

2-23

RefSeq locus

NT_033779 REGION:6874900..6906656

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (30 terms)

Molecular Function (5 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables cell-cell adhesion mediator activity

inferred from direct assay

(Chen et al., 2012)

enables protein binding

inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:O61307

(Mosca et al., 2012)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables neurexin family protein binding

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables signaling receptor activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

NOT enables peptidase activity

inferred from key residues with MEROPS:S09.986

(GO curators, 2012-)

Biological Process (20 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (14 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in adult walking behavior

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hahn et al., 2013)

involved_in inter-male aggressive behavior

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hahn et al., 2013)

involved_in larval locomotory behavior

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Sun et al., 2011)

involved_in maintenance of presynaptic active zone structure

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Mosca et al., 2012)

involved_in male courtship behavior, veined wing extension

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hahn et al., 2013)

involved_in male courtship behavior, veined wing generated song production

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hahn et al., 2013)

involved_in negative regulation of synaptic transmission

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Sun et al., 2011)

involved_in neuromuscular synaptic transmission

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Chen et al., 2012)

involved_in regulation of terminal button organization

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Mosca et al., 2012)

involved_in social behavior

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hahn et al., 2013)

involved_in synapse maturation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Sun et al., 2011)

involved_in synapse organization

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Sun et al., 2011)

involved_in synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Chen et al., 2012)

involved_in synaptic vesicle membrane organization

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Mosca et al., 2012)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (6 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in chemical synaptic transmission

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in neuron cell-cell adhesion

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in postsynaptic membrane assembly

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in presynaptic membrane assembly

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in synaptic vesicle endocytosis

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Cellular Component (5 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in neuromuscular junction

inferred from direct assay

(Sun et al., 2011)

located_in plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Tu et al., 2017)

located_in postsynaptic membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Mosca et al., 2012)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in cell surface

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

is_active_in plasma membrane

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

is_active_in postsynaptic membrane

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002889381

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

is_active_in synapse

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

S9 NON-PEPTIDASE HOMOLOGS

Protein Family (UniProt)

-

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Neuroligin 2 (Nlg2) encodes a transmembrane protein that interacts with the product of Nrx-1, and recruits scaffolding proteins for organization of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptors. The product of Nlg2 functions in synaptic growth and regulation, and is involved in the modulation of social and courtship behavior. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]

Gene Group (FlyBase)

S9 NON-PEPTIDASE HOMOLOGS -: S9 non-peptidase homologs are similar in amino acid sequence to S9 serine peptidases but lack one or more of the expected catalytic residues. (Adapted from FBrf0239469.)

Summary (Interactive Fly)

Postsynaptic receptor that interacts with presynaptic Neurexins - recruits scaffolding proteins for organization of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptors - mediates the precise apposition of presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

3

Number of Unique Polypeptides

1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Nlg2 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q9NGK5)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.52

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

FBtr0079344

4776

1248

FBtr0307033

5383

1248

FBtr0343867

5007

1248

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

FBpp0078972

136.8

1248

7.52

FBpp0297876

136.8

1248

7.52

FBpp0310405

136.8

1248

7.52

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

1248 aa isoforms: Nlg2-PA, Nlg2-PB, Nlg2-PC

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Nlg2 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.47

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

embryonic brain

(Fisher et al., 2012)

larval nervous system

(Fisher et al., 2012)

larval ventral nerve cord

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 14 -- 15

presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system

(Sun et al., 2011)

embryonic stage 16

larval central nervous system

(Sun et al., 2011)

larval ventral nerve cord

(Chen et al., 2012)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

(Sun et al., 2011)

Additional Descriptive Data

In embryos from stages 14 to 16, neuroligin transcript is restricted to the brain and ventral nerve cord.

(Sun et al., 2011)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 16

larval central nervous system

(Sun et al., 2011)

third instar larval stage

larval central nervous system

Comment: same as Nrx1

(Sun et al., 2011)

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction

(Chen et al., 2012, Sun et al., 2011)

Comment: same as Dlg,Nrx1,Fas2,Syt

(Sun et al., 2011)

embryonic/larval hypodermal muscle cell | faint

(Sun et al., 2011)

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

day 5 of adulthood | male -- day 7 of adulthood | male

(Wasbrough et al., 2010)

western blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

(Chen et al., 2012, Sun et al., 2011)

Additional Descriptive Data

In stage 16 embryos, neuroligin protein is restricted to the brain and ventral nerve cord. In third instar larva, neuroligin protein is detected in the central nervous system, co-localising with Nrx-1. neuroligin protein is highly expressed in glutamatergic type I boutons of the neuromuscular junction, which are labelled by dlg1. In synaptic boutons neuroligin protein co-localises with the synaptic markers Nrx-1, Fas2 and Syt1.

(Sun et al., 2011)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in neuromuscular junction

inferred from direct assay

(Sun et al., 2011)

located_in plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Tu et al., 2017)

located_in postsynaptic membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Mosca et al., 2012)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Nlg2 in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\Nlg2

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\Nlg2

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0031866

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

33962/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0031866

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0031866

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0031866

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG13772

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0031866

Images

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

Show all FlyExpress processed images for Dmel\Nlg2

Stages(s) 13-16

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 5 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 16 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Nlg2

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Nlg2

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 3 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 3 )

Gene disrupted in

(Sun et al., 2011)

(Chen et al., 2012)

(Chen et al., 2012)

Inferred from location ( 6 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Nlg2^GD962

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

Nlg2^GD962

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Nlg2^GD962

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

Nlg2^GD962

Sterility

Allele

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal behavior | adult stage

Nlg2^KO17

abnormal courtship behavior | male

Nlg2^KO17

abnormal locomotor behavior

abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage

Nlg2^KO17

abnormal neuroanatomy

Nlg2^KO70

abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage

Nlg2^GD962

abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^C57

Nlg2^UAS.cSa

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

Nlg2^UAS.cSa

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL

Nlg2^UAS.cSa

abnormal neurophysiology

abnormal neurophysiology (with Df(2L)ED7007)

abnormal neurophysiology | larval stage

Nlg2^KO70

abnormal neurophysiology | third instar larval stage

Nlg2^KO17

decreased rate of larval locomotory behavior

Nlg2^KO70

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

Nlg2^KO70

bouton | embryonic stage

Nlg2^GD962

bouton | larval stage

Nlg2^GD962

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage

Nlg2^KO70

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^C57

Nlg2^UAS.cSa

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

Nlg2^UAS.cSa

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL

Nlg2^UAS.cSa

filamentous actin | larval stage

Nlg2^KO70

muscle cell of A1-7 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 | third instar larval stage

Nlg2^CL5

NMJ bouton | decreased number | larval stage

Nlg2^KO70

NMJ bouton | increased number | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL

Nlg2^UAS.cSa

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^C57

Nlg2^UAS.cSa

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

Nlg2^UAS.cSa

postsynaptic density

Nlg2^CL2

presynaptic active zone

Nlg2^CL5

presynaptic active zone | increased number

subsynaptic reticulum

synapse | embryonic stage

Nlg2^GD962

synapse | larval stage

Nlg2^GD962

Nlg2^KO70

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (15)

8 of 14

Yes

No

4

8 of 14

Yes

No

8 of 14

Yes

No

2

8 of 14

Yes

No

8 of 14

Yes

No

3 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

3

1 of 14

No

No

3

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (24)

8 of 14

Yes

No

7 of 14

No

No

7 of 14

No

No

3 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

Rnor\RGD1561236

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (26)

7 of 14

Yes

No

7 of 14

Yes

No

6 of 14

No

No

4 of 14

No

No

3 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (13)

7 of 13

Yes

No

6 of 13

No

No

5 of 13

No

No

3 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

Xtro\LOC101730373

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

Xtro\palm2akap2

1 of 13

No

Yes

1 of 13

No

No

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (14)

7 of 14

Yes

No

7 of 14

Yes

No

7 of 14

Yes

No

7 of 14

Yes

No

7 of 14

Yes

No

7 of 14

Yes

No

6 of 14

No

No

3 of 14

No

No

3 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

Drer\si:dkey-193c22.1

1 of 14

No

No

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (45)

8 of 14

Yes

No

4 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

Cele\Y71G12B.28

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (48)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP002090

10 of 12

Yes

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP003115

3 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP003568

3 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP003570

3 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP008190

3 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011916

3 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP001101

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP001722

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP002391

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP005644

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP005756

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP005758

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP005834

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP005837

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP006227

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP006228

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP006724

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP006726

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP006727

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP006728

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP006956

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP010390

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP010911

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP010917

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011365

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011366

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011507

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011509

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011575

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP013509

2 of 12

No

No

2 of 12

No

No

2 of 12

No

No

2 of 12

No

No

2 of 12

No

No

2 of 12

No

No

2 of 12

No

No

2 of 12

No

No

2 of 12

No

No

2 of 12

No

No

2 of 12

No

No

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\ACES_ANOGA

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP000466

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP006723

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP010912

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP010913

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP010914

1 of 12

No

No

1 of 12

No

No

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (3)

Atha\ICME-LIKE1

1 of 13

Yes

No

Atha\ICME-LIKE2

1 of 13

Yes

No

1 of 13

Yes

No

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (3)

Spom\SPAC8F11.08c

1 of 12

Yes

Yes

Spom\SPAPB18E9.04c

1 of 12

Yes

Yes

Spom\SPCC417.12

1 of 12

Yes

No

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Nlg2. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (34)

7 of 13

5 of 13

5 of 13

4 of 13

3 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

model of autism spectrum disorder

CEA with Nlg3^KO127

(Guangming et al., 2023)

CEA

(Sun et al., 2023)

model of autism spectrum disorder

CEA

(Hahn et al., 2013)

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

model of autism spectrum disorder

is ameliorated by tsr^S3A.UAS.EGFP

(Sun et al., 2023)

is ameliorated by tsr^UAS.EGFP

(Sun et al., 2023)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

NLGN1; neuroligin 1

8 of 14

NEUROLIGIN 1; NLGN1

AUTISM, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 20; AUTS20

NLGN2; neuroligin 2

8 of 14

NLGN3; neuroligin 3

8 of 14

AUTISM, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, X-LINKED 1; AUTSX1

NLGN4X; neuroligin 4 X-linked

8 of 14

AUTISM, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, X-LINKED 2; AUTSX2

NLGN4Y; neuroligin 4 Y-linked

8 of 14

CEL; carboxyl ester lipase

3 of 14

MATURITY-ONSET DIABETES OF THE YOUNG, TYPE 8, WITH EXOCRINE DYSFUNCTION; MODY8

maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 8

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Tu et al., 2017)

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Chen et al., 2012, Sun et al., 2011)

pull down, Identification by mass spectrometry, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Sun et al., 2023)

pull down, Identification by mass spectrometry, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Sun et al., 2023)

RNA-RNA

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

luminiscence technology, necessary binding region

(Qian et al., 2016)

RNA-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

pull down, western blot

(Mastushita-Sakai et al., 2010)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

suppressible

(Ramesh et al., 2021)

enhanceable

(Sun et al., 2011)

suppressible

(Ramesh et al., 2021)

suppressible

(Sun et al., 2023)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

enhanceable

(Sun et al., 2011)

External Data

Linkouts

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0031866

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

33962

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Class of Gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

2L

Recombination map

2-23

Cytogenetic map

Sequence location

2L:6,874,900..6,906,656 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

27C1-27C4

; Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}Rca1⁰³³⁰⁰&P{lacW}l(2)k09022^k09022 and P{lacW}xl6^k00230&P{EP}Hrb27C^EP748

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

27C-27C

(Xie, 2000.4.3)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-23

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-22.1

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (54)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

39109

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GMR55C11-GAL4}attP2

39135

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GMR55H05-GAL4}attP2

39206

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GMR59A12-GAL4}attP2

39219

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GMR59E08-GAL4}attP2

11903

P{VT003478-GAL4}attP2

12573

P{VT003477-GAL4}attP2

13647

P{VT003476-GAL4}attP2

13648

P{VT003480-GAL4}attP2

16119

P{GMR54H03-lexA}attP40

14060

P{VT003478-lexA::GADfl}attP40

v107166

P{KK102797}VIE-260B

v44236

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD962}v44236

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (44)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (7)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

RH63339

Other clones

FI21425

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0031866

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0031866

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

monoclonal

(Tu et al., 2017, Sun et al., 2011)

polyclonal

(Qian et al., 2016, Chen et al., 2012, Sun et al., 2011)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

Nlg2 is required both presynaptically and postsynaptically for proper synaptic differentiation and synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction.

(Chen et al., 2012)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

mir-932 is located within neuroligin.

(Stark et al., 2007)

Source for identity of neuroligin CG13772 was sequence comparison ( date:000509 ).

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: neuroligin CG13772

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Source for identity of: Nlg2 neuroligin

(Sun et al., 2011)

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (13)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG13772

(National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Li et al., 2013, Chen et al., 2012, Sun et al., 2011, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009)

DNlg2

(Xing et al., 2018, Tu et al., 2017, Li et al., 2013)

Dnlg2

(Corthals et al., 2017)

Neuroligin

(Mastushita-Sakai et al., 2010)

Nlg-2

(Harris and Littleton, 2015)

Nlg2

(Smith et al., 2024, Corthals et al., 2023, Garcia-Vaquero et al., 2023, Praschberger et al., 2023, McLaughlin et al., 2021, Ramesh et al., 2021, Slaidina et al., 2021, Mariano et al., 2020, Bellosta and Soldano, 2019, Coll-Tané et al., 2019, Hope et al., 2019, Huang et al., 2019, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Shen et al., 2016)

dnl2

(Hahn et al., 2013, Sun et al., 2011)

dnlg2

(Sun et al., 2023, Wu et al., 2018, Xing et al., 2018, Liu et al., 2017, Qian et al., 2016, Chen et al., 2012)

neuroligin

(Kamimura and Maeda, 2021, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Adryan et al., 2007)

nl2

(Sun et al., 2011)

nlg2

(Brandt and Ackerman, 2025, Gunderson et al., 2021, Guangming et al., 2020, Meltzer, 2019-, Meltzer et al., 2019, Loedige et al., 2015)

Name Synonyms

Neuroligin 2

neuroligin

(Brenman-Suttner et al., 2020, Hahn et al., 2013, Soshnev et al., 2013, Logan et al., 2012, Bartkuhn et al., 2009, Adryan et al., 2007, Stark et al., 2007, Xie, 2000.4.3)

neuroligin 2

(Tu et al., 2017, Chen et al., 2014, Chen et al., 2012, Sun et al., 2011)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 47 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

33962

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q9NGK5

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q9NGK5

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0031866

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

33962/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0031866

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0031866

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0031866

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG13772

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

33962

Linkouts

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0031866

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0031866

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0031866

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0031866

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0031866

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG13772

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0031866

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0031866

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

33962

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

References (74)