FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\nod

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\nod

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

no distributive disjunction

Annotation Symbol

CG1763

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0002948

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

9 publicly available

Gene Summary

no distributive disjunction (nod) encodes a kinesin-like protein that is important for nonexchange chromosome biology. The nod product is necessary for chromosome segregation during meiosis and for proper chromosome alignment along the meiotic spindle. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-21] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Red Book
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

l(1)TW6, DmNod

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

10C7-10C8

Sequence location

X:11,580,772..11,585,750 [+]

Recombination map

1-35

RefSeq locus

NC_004354 REGION:11580772..11585750

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (15 terms)

Molecular Function (5 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables microtubule motor activity

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Zhang et al., 1990)

enables microtubule plus-end binding

inferred from direct assay

(Cui et al., 2005)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables ATP binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001752, InterPro:IPR019821

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

enables ATP hydrolysis activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000648413

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables microtubule binding

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000648413

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001752

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

enables microtubule motor activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000648413

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001752, InterPro:IPR019821, InterPro:IPR027640

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Biological Process (7 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in distributive segregation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Theurkauf and Hawley, 1992, Carpenter, 1973)

involved_in establishment of meiotic spindle orientation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Theurkauf and Hawley, 1992)

involved_in female meiotic nuclear division

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Collins et al., 2012)

involved_in meiotic chromosome segregation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Zhang et al., 1990)

involved_in positive regulation of microtubule polymerization

inferred from direct assay

(Cui et al., 2005)

involved_in spindle assembly involved in female meiosis I

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Theurkauf and Hawley, 1992)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in microtubule-based movement

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001752, InterPro:IPR019821, InterPro:IPR027640

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000648413

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Cellular Component (3 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

part_of kinesin complex

inferred from direct assay

(Zhang et al., 1990)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in cytoplasm

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000648413

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

part_of kinesin complex

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000648413

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

is_active_in microtubule

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000648413

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

KINESINS

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. (P18105)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)

ATP hydrolysis activity
RHEA 13065:

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Gene Group (FlyBase)

KINESINS -: Kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs) are microtubule motor proteins which use the hydrolysis of ATP to drive directional movement along microtubules. KIFs possess a well-conserved 360 residue globular head domain which binds and hydrolyses ATP and interacts with microtubules. Many KIFs homodimerize via coiled-coil interactions in the stalk region. KIFs bind cargo through their variable tail regions and are involved in transporting organelles, protein complexes, mRNAs and the movement of spindles and chromosomes during cell division. (Adapted from FBrf0219884).

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Required for the distributive chromosome segregation of non-exchange chromosomes during meiosis. May be a microtubule motor required to hold distributively 'paired' chromosomes at the metaphase plate until anaphase.

(UniProt, P18105)

Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)

nod: no distributive disjunction (R.S. Hawley)

Females homozygous for nod alleles exhibit high frequencies of meiotic chromosome loss and nondisjunction at meiosis I. Most nod-induced nondisjunctional events involve nonexchange chromosomes. For example, in nod/nod females nondisjunction frequencies for the always nonexchange fourth chromosomes approaches 90% (the vast majority of gametes are nullo-4 ova), whereas nonexchange X chromosomes apparently disjoin at random. Both the frequency of exchange and the disjunction of exchange bivalents was shown to be normal in nod/nod females. Thus, with respect to its role in meiosis, the nod+ function appears to be limited to the distributive segregation system. Based on an analysis of secondary nondisjunction in noda/noda females, Carpenter concluded that the nod defect does not impair the process of partner choice within the distributive system, but rather specifically impairs the disjunctional process. Nonexchange chromosomes derived from noda/noda mothers also undergo nondisjunction, and presumably loss, at meiosis II. In addition, chromosomes derived from noda/noda mothers are mitotically unstable. nod-induced mitotic chromosome loss is restricted to maternal nonexchange chromosomes and does not exert any discernable effect on meiosis in males or on mitotic chromosome stability (Baker et al., 1978). Although none of the existing nod alleles is lethal or female sterile, the dosage-sensitive antimorphic mutation l(1)TW6 (Wright, 1973) is argued to be allelic to nod on the basis of three lines of evidence. First, l(1)TW6/+ females display a meiotic phenotype that is virtually identical to that exhibited by noda/noda females. Second, the two loci map to the same position on the X chromosome (Wright, 1973; Baker). Third, a γ-ray induced revertant of l(1)TW6 was shown to be a recessive nod allele (New and Hawley).

Summary (Interactive Fly)

kinesin - cytoskeletal motor protein that functions during meiosis and mitosis - produces chromosome congression forces by microtubule plus end-directed motility and tip-tracking on polymerizing microtubule plus ends via association with EB1 plus end-directed motor - necessary for chromosome segregation during meiosis and for proper chromosome alignment along the meiotic spindle

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\nod for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry P18105)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

nod-RA

FBtr0073516

NM_078570

2449

666

nod-RB

FBtr0340297

NM_001298200

2279

666

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

2.4 (northern blot)

(Zhang et al., 1990)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

nod-PA

FBpp0073363

73.9

666

10.19

FBpp0309258

73.9

666

10.19

P18105

NP_001285129

AHN59599

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

666 aa isoforms: nod-PA, nod-PB

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

666 (aa); 74 (kD)

(Zhang et al., 1990)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\nod using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

nod_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.36

Transcript Expression

No Assay Recorded

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage -- adult stage

(Zhang et al., 1990)

adult stage & oogenesis

germarium

(Zhang et al., 1990)

adult stage oogenesis stage S1 -- S3

ovariole

(Zhang et al., 1990)

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

central brain anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)

dorsal ectoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)

ventral ectoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)

antennal anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)

dorsal head epidermis anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)

visual anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

central brain anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)

head mesoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

trunk mesoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

ventral ectoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

central brain primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

head mesoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

trunk mesoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

ventral nerve cord primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

central brain primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

ventral nerve cord primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

embryonic brain

(Fisher et al., 2012)

larval nervous system

(Fisher et al., 2012)

larval ventral nerve cord

(Fisher et al., 2012)

Additional Descriptive Data

nod transcripts are detected in the germarium and in oogenesis stages S1-S3. Expression is again observed in stage S9-S12 egg chambers primarily in the nurse cell cytoplasm. By stage 12, the nurse cells have degenerated and nod transcripts are detected in the ooplasm. nod transcripts are detected throughout development with significantly higher levels in embryos and adult females than in other stages.

(Zhang et al., 1990)

The 2.4kb nod transcript is present in In(1)nod-bd/Df(1)nod females.

(Zhang et al., 1990)

The 2.4kb transcript is increased in size and present at reduced levels in nod³/Df(1)nod females.

(Zhang et al., 1990)

The 2.4kb nod transcript is greatly reduced or absent in nod²/FBab0000863:Df (1)nod females. Only very faint staining is observed in ovaries from FBal0013066:nod²@ homozygous females.

(Zhang et al., 1990)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

part_of kinesin complex

inferred from direct assay

(Zhang et al., 1990)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\nod in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\nod

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\nod

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0002948

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

32107/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0002948

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0002948

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0002948

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG1763

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0002948

Images

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

Show all FlyExpress processed images for Dmel\nod

Stages(s) 4-6
Stages(s) 7-8
Stages(s) 9-10
Stages(s) 11-12
Stages(s) 13-16

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 20 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 18 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of nod

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of nod

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 14 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 14 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(1)52

(Meller and Rattner, 2002)

Df(1)HA85

(Cook et al., 1997, Voelker et al., 1985)

Df(1)m259-4

(Voelker et al., 1985)

Df(1)N71

(Rasooly et al., 1991, Voelker et al., 1985)

Df(1)v65b

(Rasooly et al., 1991)

Df(1)v-N48

(Zhang et al., 1990, Voelker et al., 1985)

Gene not disrupted in

Df(1)GA112

(Zhang et al., 1990, Voelker et al., 1985)

Df(1)HM456

(Voelker et al., 1985)

Df(1)RA37

(Voelker et al., 1985)

Gene not duplicated in

Dp(1;2)v⁺75d

(Voelker et al., 1985)

Dp(1;Y)v⁺y⁺

(Voelker et al., 1985)

Gene duplicated in

Dp(1;2)v⁺65b

(Rasooly et al., 1991)

Dp(1;3)v⁺74c

(Rasooly et al., 1991)

Dp(1;Y)y⁺v⁺#3

(Rasooly et al., 1991)

Inferred from location ( 20 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal | male | cold sensitive

nod^DR4

lethal | recessive | cold sensitive

nod^DTW

viable

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

nod^GD16725

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

nod^GD16725

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

nod^GD16725

Sterility

Allele

fertile

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal meiotic cell cycle

nod⁴

abnormal meiotic cell cycle | dominant

abnormal meiotic cell cycle | dominant | female

nod^DTW

abnormal meiotic cell cycle | female

nod¹⁴³

abnormal meiotic cell cycle | female (with nod²)

nod^a

abnormal meiotic cell cycle | female (with nod^a)

nod²

abnormal meiotic cell cycle | female | cold sensitive

nod^DTW

abnormal meiotic cell cycle | recessive

abnormal mitotic cell cycle

nod^DTW

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

meiosis & nuclear chromosome & oocyte

nod⁴

meiosis & nuclear chromosome | female

nod^DTW

meiosis & nuclear chromosome | female (with nod²)

nod^a

meiosis & nuclear chromosome | female (with nod^a)

nod²

polytene chromosome chromocenter

nod^unspecified

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (25)

Hsap\KIF1C

2 of 14

Yes

Hsap\KIF4A

2 of 14

Yes

Hsap\KIF4B

2 of 14

Yes

Hsap\KIF11

2 of 14

Yes

Hsap\KIF21A

2 of 14

Yes

Hsap\KIF21B

2 of 14

Yes

Hsap\KIF27

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (16)

Rnor\Kif4a

2 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Kif11

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (19)

Mmus\Kif4

2 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Kif11

2 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Kif27

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (17)

Xtro\kif22

2 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (19)

Drer\kif4

2 of 14

Yes

Drer\kif11

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Drer\si:ch73-375g18.1

1 of 14

Drer\si:dkey-26i13.8

1 of 14

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (11)

Cele\bmk-1

2 of 14

Yes

Cele\klp-19

2 of 14

Yes

Cele\unc-104

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (11)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP007815

2 of 12

Yes

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (28)

Atha\AT1G18550

2 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT5G60930

2 of 13

Yes

Atha\FRA1

2 of 13

Yes

Atha\KICP-02

2 of 13

Yes

Atha\KINESIN-12B

2 of 13

Yes

Atha\MRH2

2 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)

Scer\CIN8

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\KIP3

1 of 13

Yes

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (2)

Spom\klp5

1 of 12

Yes

Spom\klp6

1 of 12

Yes

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:nod. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (26)

Khc

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

2 of 13

cos

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

neb

2 of 13

pav

2 of 13

sub

2 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

ncd

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

nod - Eb1

microscale thermophoresis, pull down, autoradiography, peptide array, western blot

(Ye et al., 2018)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

nod

suppressible

lwr

(Apionishev et al., 2001, Apionishev and Rasooly, 1997)

mei-218|nod

suppressible

lwr

(Apionishev et al., 2001)

enhanceable

(Rasooly, 1996)

enhanceable

(Knowles and Hawley, 1991)

nod

enhanceable

neb

(Ruden et al., 1997)

nod

enhanceable

sub

(Giunta et al., 2002)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

neb

enhanceable

nod

(Ruden et al., 1997)

sub

enhanceable

nod

(Giunta et al., 2002)

αTub67C

suppressible

nod

(Matthies et al., 1999)

External Data

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

58516

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0002948

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

32107

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

1-35

Cytogenetic map

10C7-10C8

Sequence location

X:11,580,772..11,585,750 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

10C7-10C8

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

10A-10A

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Stewart et al., 1991)

10C5-10C8

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Endow and Hatsumi, 1991)

10C2-10C5

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Zhang et al., 1990)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

1-35

(FlyBase, 2016)

1-36.5

(Comeron et al., 2012)

1-35.5

(Rasooly et al., 1991)

1-36

Left of (cM)

(Rasooly et al., 1991)

Right of (cM)

(Rasooly et al., 1991)

Notes

Based on mapping of nod^DTW.

(Rasooly et al., 1991)

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (9)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

32010

y¹ w^*; P{Ubi-p63E-nod.Myc}2

20065

y¹ w^67c23 P{EPgy2}nod^EY01772

2331

FM7a, nod²/Dp(1;Y)y⁺/C(1)DX, y¹ f¹; sv^spa-pol

3426

FM7a, nod³/Dp(1;Y)y⁺/C(1)DX, y¹ f¹; sv^spa-pol

3430

FM7a, nod⁴/C(1)DX, y¹ f¹/Dp(1;Y)y⁺; sv^spa-pol

1763R-2

1763R-3

v48150

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD16725}v48150

v48148

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD16725}v48148/TM3

Genomic Clones (6)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (74)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

SD02282

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0002948

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0002948

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Cane et al., 2013)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene results in chromosome misalignment on the metaphase spindle when assayed in S2 cells. This phenotype can be observed when the screen is performed with or without Cdc27 dsRNA.

(Goshima et al., 2007)

dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R⁺ cell morphology.

(Kiger et al., 2003)

nod, a female-specific gene expressed in the ovary, is closely linked to roX2, a gene encoding an RNA with no apparent reading frame that shows male-specific expression in the adult fly.

(Amrein and Axel, 1997)

The reciprocal location of nod and Khc fusion proteins indicates microtubule polarity in the oocyte, epithelium, neuron and muscle.

(Clark et al., 1997)

nod is necessary for chromosome segregation and can interact specifically with the centromere. nod requires extracentromeric regions for its action in chromosome segregation.

(Cook et al., 1997)

Examination of meiotic prophase in nod mutants reveals that while heterochromatic pairing may be a component of the mechanism of homologous segregation, it is not sufficient to guarantee proper disjunction of nonexchange homologs.

(Dernburg et al., 1996)

nod is required for the correct segregation of the non-exchange chromosomes during meiosis, mutations result in a high level of nondisjunction of the non-exchange fourth chromosomes and achiasmate X chromosomes.

(Afshar et al., 1995)

The nonmotor domain of the nod protein can mediate direct binding to DNA. During prometaphase nod protein is localized on oocyte chromosomes and is not restricted to either specific chromosomal regions or to the kinetochore. Thus motor-based chromosome-microtubule interactions are not limited to the centromere but extend along the chromosome arms, providing a molecular explanation for the polar ejection force.

(Afshar et al., 1995)

An 82 amino acid residue segment of the tail of the nod protein is necessary for the localisation of the protein onto chromosomes.

(Afshar et al., 1995)

Transmission of the Dp(1;f)1187 minichromosome is sensitive to the dosage of nod⁺. Multiple regions of Dp(1;f)1187 interact with nod⁺ to promote normal chromosome transmission. Most nod⁺ interactions are observed with regions that are not essential for centromere function.

(Murphy and Karpen, 1995)

The sequence of the nod protein has been compared with the sequences of a variety of kinesin family proteins.

(Goodson et al., 1994)

Mutations at nod do not disrupt meiotic spindle formation and show no interaction with Axs.

(Whyte et al., 1993)

nod gene product is required for nonexchange chromosomes.

(Zhang and Hawley, 1990)

nod protein is a member of the kinesin superfamily so it is proposed that the nod locus encodes a spindle motor that is required to hold distributively paired chromosomes at the metaphase plate until anaphase.

(Zhang et al., 1990)

Females homozygous for nod alleles exhibit high frequencies of meiotic chromosome loss and nondisjunction at meiosis I. Most nod-induced nondisjunctional events involve nonexchange chromosomes. For example, in nod/nod females nondisjunction frequencies for the always nonexchange fourth chromosomes approaches 90% (the vast majority of gametes are nullo-4 ova), whereas nonexchange X chromosomes apparently disjoin at random. Both the frequency of exchange and the disjunction of exchange bivalents was shown to be normal in nod/nod females. Thus, with respect to its role in meiosis, the nod⁺ function appears to be limited to the distributive segregation system. Based on an analysis of secondary nondisjunction in nod^a/nod^a females, Carpenter concluded that the nod defect does not impair the process of partner choice within the distributive system, but rather specifically impairs the disjunctional process. Nonexchange chromosomes derived from nod^a/nod^a mothers also undergo nondisjunction and presumably loss, at meiosis II. In addition, chromosomes derived from nod^a/nod^a mothers are mitotically unstable. nod-induced mitotic chromosome loss is restricted to maternal nonexchange chromosomes and does not exert any discernible effect on meiosis in males or on mitotic chromosome stability (Baker, Carpenter and Ripoll, 1978). Although none of the existing nod alleles is lethal or female sterile, the dosage-sensitive antimorphic mutation l(1)TW6 (Wright, 1973) is argued to be allelic to nod on the basis of three lines of evidence. First, l(1)TW6/+ females display a meiotic phenotype that is virtually identical to that exhibited by nod^a/nod^a females. Second, the two loci map to the same position on the X chromosome (Wright, 1973; Baker). Third, a γ-ray induced revertant of l(1)TW6 was shown to be a recessive nod allele (New and Hawley).

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: nod CG1763

(Zhong, 1999.11)

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (15)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG1763

(Yano et al., 2012, Goshima et al., 2007, Gilliland, 2003.1.7, Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000)

DmNod

(Hirokawa, 2012, Dagenbach and Endow, 2004, Moore and Endow, 1996)

DnMod

(Kim and Endow, 2000)

KIF 22

(Miki et al., 2001)

KIF22

(Hirokawa, 2012.11.20)

NOD

(Ye et al., 2018, Ye et al., 2015, Martín-Peña et al., 2014, Cane et al., 2013, Cochran et al., 2009, Lawrence et al., 2002)

Nod

(Bu et al., 2022, Dzaki et al., 2022, Dewey and Johnston, 2017, Gross et al., 2013, Hirokawa, 2012.11.20, Cochran et al., 2011, Mochizuki et al., 2011, Yang et al., 2008, Goshima et al., 2007, Huo et al., 2007, Cui et al., 2005, Miki et al., 2005, Cleveland et al., 2003, Cui and Hawley, 2003, Goshima and Vale, 2003, Miki et al., 2001, Goodson et al., 1994)

l(1)TW6

(Rasooly et al., 1991, Ripoll et al., 1987)

Name Synonyms

Kinesin4C

(Kollmar, 2015.9.15)

No Distributive Disjunction

(Hirokawa, 2012.11.20)

No distributive disjunction

(Yano et al., 2012)

kinesin-10

(Cochran et al., 2011)

kineskin-10

(Cane et al., 2013)

no distributive disjunction

(Taniguchi et al., 2014, Mukai et al., 2006, Carpenter, 1973)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 56 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

32107

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

P18105

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

P18105

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

X2JEV2

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

P18105

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0002948

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

32107/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0002948

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0002948

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0002948

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG1763

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

32107

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

58516

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0002948

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0002948

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0002948

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

nod_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0002948

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0002948

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG1763

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0002948

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0002948

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC003812

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

32107

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

References (206)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

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