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FB2026_01
,
released March 12, 2026
rhodopsin
Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Rh4 for information on other features
To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.
Gene model reviewed during 5.46
There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene
Phosphorylated on some or all of the serine and threonine residues present in the C-terminal region.
Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Rh4 using the Feature Mapper tool.
The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).
Eye-enriched transcripts determined by ratio of expression level in wild-type heads. versus expression level in so heads.
A fraction of R7 cells co-express both Rh3 and Rh4 in a region that starts near the dorsal edge of the eye and extends toward the equator spanning approximately one-third of the eye. In the ventral region of the eye, Rh3 and Rh4 are expressed at high levels but never in the same cell. In the dorsal regions of the eye, all cells express Rh3, either alone or in combination with Rh4. About 10% of ommatidia have R7 cells that contain both Rh3 and Rh4. These are always coupled with Rh6-expressing R8 cells. The R7 cells that co-express Rh3 and Rh4 are of the yellow subtype of R7 cells.
JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals
View Dmel\Rh4 in JBrowse3-45
3-39.5
Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.
polyclonal
Confocal microscopy suggests that rhodopsin 4 is located in the pale fluorescent R7 cells.
Promoter fusions generated to express Rh4 under control of ninaE promoter, in a ninaE background.
In contrast to D.melanogaster, where the sina gene is located within an intron of Rh4, Dvir\sina and Dvir\Rh4 are widely separated in D.virilis. This different structural arrangement may have been caused by the translocation of the Dvir\Rh4 gene to a different chromosomal location by a retrotransposition event in D.virilis.
Ecol\CAT reporter gene analysis has been used to identify the minimal R7 opsin regulatory regions of the Rh4 promoter region. The promoter region is a simple bipartite structure, the proximal region constitutes a functionally equivalent promoter core and the distal region determines cell-type specificity.
Identified as a cDNA clone that is expressed exclusively or predominantly in the adult visual system.
Encodes the opsin moiety of a rhodopsin specific to the rhabdomere of the seventh photoreceptor cell; Rh3 and Rh4 are expressed in nonoverlapping subsets of ommatidia; the distribution of the two types of R7 cells within the eye is irregular. Transcript first appears during the last 48 hr of the pupal stage and is found in newly eclosed adult heads. Also expressed in Bolwig's organ (FBrf0048777). Rh4 encodes a 378 amino acid protein that is 35% homologous to the opsins found in R1-6 encoded by ninaE and in the ocelli, encoded by Rh2, but 72% homologous to the Rh3-encoded protein.
