FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\mAChR-A

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\mAChR-A

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor, A-type

Annotation Symbol

CG4356

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0000037

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

63 publicly available

Gene Summary

The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is Pi turnover. May have a role in the processing of olfactory and mechanosensory signals; regulation of neurosecretion. (UniProt, P16395)

Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.

All Summaries

Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Red Book
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

mAChR, mAcR-60C, DM1, muscarinic receptor, mAcR

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

60C7-60C7

Sequence location

2R:24,378,630..24,390,294 [-]

Recombination map

2-106

RefSeq locus

NT_033778 REGION:24378630..24390294

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (13 terms)

Molecular Function (3 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor activity

inferred from direct assay

(Collin et al., 2013, Honda et al., 2007, Blake et al., 1993)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001207082

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

inferred from sequence or structural similarity

(Brody and Cravchik, 2000)

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000995

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

enables G protein-coupled amine receptor activity

inferred from sequence or structural similarity

(Radford et al., 2002)

enables G protein-coupled receptor activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000276

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Biological Process (6 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway

inferred from direct assay

(Collin et al., 2013)

involved_in phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

inferred from direct assay

(Blake et al., 1993)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (5 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001207082

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in chemical synaptic transmission

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000664111

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway

inferred from sequence or structural similarity

(Brody and Cravchik, 2000)

involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000664111

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000276, InterPro:IPR000995

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Cellular Component (4 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Honda et al., 2007, Blake et al., 1993)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in dendrite

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000664111

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

located_in membrane

inferred from sequence or structural similarity

(Brody and Cravchik, 2000)

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000276, InterPro:IPR017452

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

is_active_in plasma membrane

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000664111

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

located_in plasma membrane

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000995

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

is_active_in synapse

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001207082

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

MUSCARINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subfamily. (P16395)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Group (FlyBase)

MUSCARINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS -: Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are Class A GPCRs activated by acetylcholine and muscarine. Acetylcholine is thought to be the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS of insects. (Adapted from FBrf0222405).

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

(UniProt, P16395)

Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)

Acr60C: Acetyl choline receptor in 60C

The structural gene encoding a Drosophila homologue of vertebrate muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR). When expressed in Y1 adrenal cells it is physiologically active as measured by agonist dependent stimulation of phosphatidylinositol metabolism.

Summary (Interactive Fly)

olfactory associative learning, ON/OFF discrimination in the Drosophila larval visual system, modulation of locomotion and neural circuit excitability in larvae

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\mAChR-A for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry P16395)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.52

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

mAChR-A-RA

FBtr0072367

NM_166668

5370

788

mAChR-A-RB

FBtr0072368

NM_079120

5425

805

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

mAChR-A-PA

FBpp0072274

84.8

788

9.37

NP_726440

AAF47197

mAChR-A-PB

FBpp0072275

86.6

805

9.36

P16395

NP_523844

AAM68310

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

P16395

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\mAChR-A using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

mAChR-A_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.65

Transcript Expression

RT-PCR

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage -- embryonic stage

organism

(Collin et al., 2013)

adult stage | female

adult head

(Collin et al., 2013)

adult stage | male

adult head

(Collin et al., 2013)

Additional Descriptive Data

Transcripts are 80 times more prevalent in female head than body and also more prevalent in male head than body. Transcripts are detected at all stages tested but are most prevalent in 3-day male and female pupae and in adults and are more abundant in males than females.

(Collin et al., 2013)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Honda et al., 2007, Blake et al., 1993)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\mAChR-A in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\mAChR-A

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\mAChR-A

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

37892/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0000037

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0000037

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0000037

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0000037

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 11 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 13 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of mAChR-A

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of mAChR-A

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(2R)bs-F31

(Fristrom et al., 1994)

Df(2R)Exel6278

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Inferred from location ( 4 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

viable

mAChR-A^MI13848

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^e22c, Scer\GAL4^sqh.PW

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

mAChR-A^GD630

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

mAChR-A^GD630

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

mAChR-A^GD630

viable (with Df(2R)BSC603)

mAChR-A^k00808

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal chemosensory behavior | adult stage | chemical conditional

mAChR-A^KK

abnormal memory | adult stage

mAChR-A^MI13848

abnormal memory | adult stage, with Ecol\lexA^GMR44E04, Scer\GAL4^Mef2.247, Scer\GAL80^{IVS.WPRE.8xlexAop}

mAChR-A^JF02725

abnormal memory | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

abnormal memory | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.247

mAChR-A^JF02725

abnormal memory | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

mAChR-A^JF02725

abnormal neurophysiology | adult stage | chemical conditional

mAChR-A^KK

abnormal neurophysiology | adult stage | chemical conditional, with Scer\GAL4^GH298

mAChR-A^JF02725

visible, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

mAChR-A^GD630

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

adult antennal lobe local neuron | chemical conditional

mAChR-A^KK

adult antennal lobe local neuron | chemical conditional, with Scer\GAL4^GH298

mAChR-A^JF02725

mesonotum, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

mAChR-A^GD630

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (111)

Hsap\CHRM1

11 of 14

Yes

Hsap\CHRM3

11 of 14

Yes

Hsap\CHRM5

10 of 14

Yes

Hsap\CHRM4

9 of 14

Yes

Hsap\CHRM2

6 of 14

Yes

Hsap\HRH1

3 of 14

Yes

Hsap\HRH3

2 of 14

Yes

Hsap\HRH4

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Hsap\CCR4

1 of 14

Yes

Hsap\CNR1

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Hsap\GALR1

1 of 14

Hsap\GHSR

1 of 14

Hsap\GPR4

1 of 14

Yes

Hsap\GPR17

1 of 14

Hsap\GPR21

1 of 14

Hsap\GPR45

1 of 14

Yes

Hsap\GPR50

1 of 14

Hsap\GPR52

1 of 14

Hsap\GPR63

1 of 14

Yes

Hsap\GPR88

1 of 14

Yes

Hsap\GPR101

1 of 14

Hsap\GPR139

1 of 14

Hsap\GPR161

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Hsap\MC5R

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Hsap\OR1M1

1 of 14

Yes

Hsap\OR2A14

1 of 14

Yes

Hsap\OR2D2

1 of 14

Yes

Hsap\OR2V2

1 of 14

Yes

Hsap\OR10A7

1 of 14

Yes

Hsap\OR14I1

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (44)

Rnor\Chrm1

11 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Chrm3

11 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Chrm5

10 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Chrm4

8 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Chrm2

6 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Hrh1

3 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Hrh3

2 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Hrh4

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Ccr4

1 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Ccr8

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Gpr45

1 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Gpr101

1 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Gpr161

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Mchr1

1 of 14

Rnor\Npffr1

1 of 14

Rnor\Olr1061

1 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Olr1413

1 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Sstr1

1 of 14

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (48)

Mmus\Chrm1

11 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Chrm3

11 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Chrm5

9 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Chrm4

7 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Chrm2

6 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Hrh1

3 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Hrh3

2 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Hrh4

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Ccr8

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Drd5

1 of 14

Mmus\Gm7582

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Gm7592

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Gm7609

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Gm15433

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Gpr45

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Gpr101

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Gpr161

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Olfr1396

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (81)

Xtro\chrm1

10 of 13

Yes

Xtro\chrm3

9 of 13

Yes

Xtro\chrm5

9 of 13

Yes

Xtro\chrm2

5 of 13

Yes

Xtro\chrm4

3 of 13

Yes

Xtro\hrh4.b2

2 of 13

Yes

Xtro\ackr4

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\gpr142

1 of 13

Xtro\gpr161

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\hrh1

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\hrh4.d1

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\hrh4.g3

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\LOC101733812

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\LOC101734771

1 of 13

Xtro\LOC105946838

1 of 13

Xtro\LOC116411706

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\mc4r

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\opn5

1 of 13

Xtro\opn8

1 of 13

Xtro\opnpl [provisonal]

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\rho

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\tmtops

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (79)

Drer\chrm3a

11 of 14

Yes

Drer\chrm1a

9 of 14

Yes

Drer\chrm3b

9 of 14

Yes

Drer\chrm5a

9 of 14

Yes

Drer\chrm5b

9 of 14

Yes

Drer\chrm4a

6 of 14

Yes

Drer\chrm2a

5 of 14

Yes

Drer\chrm2b

5 of 14

Yes

Drer\chrm4b

4 of 14

Yes

Drer\LOC100334962

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\gpr61l

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\gpr101

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\gpr161a

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\gpr161b

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\gpr173

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\gpr176

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\hrh1

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\hrh2a

1 of 14

Drer\hrh3

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\LOC100333270

1 of 14

Drer\LOC101886918

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\LOC103910036

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\LOC110437881

1 of 14

Drer\LOC110438988

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\si:dkey-247m21.3

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (66)

Cele\gar-3

13 of 14

Yes

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Cele\dop-6

1 of 14

Cele\E04D5.2

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Cele\srw-121

1 of 14

Yes

Cele\srw-124

1 of 14

Yes

Cele\srw-127

1 of 14

Yes

Cele\T11F9.1

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (56)

Agam\GPRMAC1

12 of 12

Yes

2 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Yes

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:mAChR-A. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (52)

4 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

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Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

CHRM3; cholinergic receptor muscarinic 3

model of prune belly syndrome

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

mAChR-A^GD630

ameliorates Alexander disease

modeled by Hsap\GFAP^R79H.UAS

(Wang et al., 2016)

mAChR-A^KK109077

ameliorates Alexander disease

modeled by Hsap\GFAP^R79H.UAS

(Wang et al., 2016)

mAChR-A^HMC02343

ameliorates amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 8

modeled by Vap33^P58S.UAS

(Wong et al., 2021)

ameliorates tauopathy

modeled by Hsap\MAPT^UAS.cAa

(Wong et al., 2021)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

CHRM1; cholinergic receptor muscarinic 1

11 of 14

118510

CHRM3; cholinergic receptor muscarinic 3

11 of 14

118494

PRUNE BELLY SYNDROME; PBS

prune belly syndrome

CHRM5; cholinergic receptor muscarinic 5

10 of 14

118496

CHRM4; cholinergic receptor muscarinic 4

9 of 14

118495

CHRM2; cholinergic receptor muscarinic 2

6 of 14

118493

HRH1; histamine receptor H1

3 of 14

600167

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

External Data

Linkouts

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0000037

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Class of Gene

gene_with_edited_transcript

(Rodriguez et al., 2012, Graveley et al., 2011)

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

2-106

Cytogenetic map

60C7-60C7

Sequence location

2R:24,378,630..24,390,294 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

60C7-60C7

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}bs⁰³²⁶⁷&P{lacW}l(2)k10502^k10502 and P{lacW}Nurf-38^k16102

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

60C7-60C8

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Onai et al., 1989, Shapiro et al., 1989)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-106

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-110.6

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (63)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

97366

w^*; mAChR-A^KK/CyO

Korea

13121

P{VT021844-GAL4}attP2

13122

P{VT021845-GAL4}attP2

11051

P{EP}mAChR-A^G8029

14507

P{VT021842-lexA::p65}attP2

11631

P{EP}mAChR-A^G17273

17075

P{VT021845-lexA::GADfl}attP40

4356R-2

4356R-3

v101407

v203853

P{VT021842-GAL4}attP2

v33123

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD630}v33123

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (15)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (10)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0000037

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0000037

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

Immunostaining demonstrates that mAcR-60C has a discrete localisation pattern in the brain including staining in regions associated with the processing of sensory information and certain neurosecretory cells.

(Harrison et al., 1995)

The pharmacological properties of the mAcR-60C protein, as measured after expression in monkey COS-7 cells and Xenopus oocytes, is similar to that of the mammalian M₁ and M₃ subtypes.

(Blake et al., 1993)

The structural gene encoding a Drosophila homologue of vertebrate muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR). When expressed in Y1 adrenal cells it is physiologically active as measured by agonist- dependent stimulation of phosphatidylinositol metabolism.

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: mAcR-60C CG4356

(Wang, 1999.11)

Source for identity of: mAcR mAcR-60C

(FlyBase, 2009-)

Source for identity of: mAChR mAcR

(FlyBase, 2009-)

Source for identity of: mAChR-A mAChR

(Collin et al., 2013)

Nomenclature comments

Renamed from 'mAcR-60C' to 'mAcR' as there is a single mAcR gene in the D. melanogaster genome (so there's no need for the '60C' suffix) and to better reflect preferred usage in the literature.

(FlyBase, 2009-)

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (23)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

Acr60C

(Hannar and Hall, 1993)

AcrC

CG4356

(Mao et al., 2024, National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Kondo et al., 2020, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Jayakumar et al., 2016, Hosono et al., 2015, Collin et al., 2013, Tsubouchi et al., 2012, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Hauser et al., 2006)

DM1

(Parnas et al., 2009, Towers and Sattelle, 2002, Chyb et al., 1999, Yagodin et al., 1998)

Dm-mAChR-A

(Collin et al., 2013)

Dm1

(Cordova et al., 2003, Stankiewicz et al., 1999, Hardie et al., 1997)

mAChR

(Mitra et al., 2021, Sharma and Hasan, 2020, Silva et al., 2015, Cao et al., 2014, Ghezzi et al., 2014, Agrawal et al., 2010, Venkiteswaran and Hasan, 2009, Honda et al., 2007, Towers and Sattelle, 2002, Wang et al., 1997, Millar et al., 1995, Reaper et al., 1995, Trimmer, 1995, Blake et al., 1993, Buchner, 1991)

mAChR A

(Collin et al., 2013)

mAChR-1

(Hall et al., 1991)

mAChR-A

(Shi et al., 2025, Avila et al., 2024, Bossen et al., 2023, Schlichting et al., 2022, Barber et al., 2021, Jin et al., 2021, Rozenfeld et al., 2021, Chvilicek et al., 2020, Kondo et al., 2020, Mazzotta et al., 2020, Bielopolski et al., 2019, Malloy et al., 2019, Meltzer et al., 2019, Rao and Deng, 2019.10.23, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, Wang et al., 2016)

mAChR-A1

(Liu et al., 2021)

mAChRA

(Zheng et al., 2025)

mAcR

(Jayakumar et al., 2016)

mAcR-60C

(Elizar'ev et al., 2019, Melnikova et al., 2019, Baxley et al., 2017, Crocker et al., 2016, Soshnev et al., 2013, Hazelett et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Rodriguez et al., 2012, Tsubouchi et al., 2012, Takemura et al., 2011, Venkiteswaran and Hasan, 2009)

mAcR60C

(Hoopfer et al., 2008)

mAchR

(Srikanth et al., 2006)

Name Synonyms

A-type mAChR

(Ren et al., 2015, Collin et al., 2013)

Muscarinic acetylcholine Receptor 60C

(Cao et al., 2014)

muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor

muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor 60C

(Tsubouchi et al., 2012)

muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor, A-type

muscarinic acetylcholine receptor

(Srikanth et al., 2006)

muscarinic receptor

(Parnas et al., 2009, Saudou et al., 1990)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 42 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

37892

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

P16395

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

P16395

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

P16395

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

37892/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0000037

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0000037

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0000037

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG4356

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

37892

Linkouts

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0000037

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0000037

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0000037

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

mAChR-A_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0000037

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0000037

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0000037

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0000037

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC004470

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

References (120)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

-0.65

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