FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\pzg
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\pzg
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
putzig
Annotation Symbol
CG7752
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0259785
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
16 publicly available
Gene Summary
putzig (pzg) encodes a nuclear protein that is involved in chromatin activation of replication related genes and signalling pathways including Notch, Ecdysone and JAK/STAT. It regulates growth, cell death and various developmental processes. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

Z4, Pzg/Z4, p160

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
78C5-78C6
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-47
RefSeq locus
NT_037436 REGION:21286099..21290310
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (16 terms)
Molecular Function (5 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables chromatin binding
inferred from direct assay
(Kugler and Nagel, 2010)
enables nuclear receptor binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:pzg; FB:FBgn0259785
(Kugler et al., 2011)
enables protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q86BS3,UniProtKB:Q9VCH5,UniProtKB:Q9VGA4
(Pascual-Garcia et al., 2014)
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding
inferred from direct assay
(Yao et al., 2018)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008617116
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008617116
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Biological Process (7 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in chromatin organization
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kugler and Nagel, 2007)
involved_in chromosome organization
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Eggert et al., 2004)
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:mrt; FB:FBgn0039507
(Yao et al., 2018)
involved_in negative regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kugler et al., 2011)
involved_in positive regulation of ecdysone receptor signaling pathway
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kugler et al., 2011)
involved_in positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kugler and Nagel, 2007)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in chromatin organization
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002812652
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008617116
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in chromosome, telomeric region
inferred from direct assay
(Heseding et al., 2017)
located_in euchromatin
inferred from direct assay
(Heseding et al., 2017, Gortchakov et al., 2005, Eggert et al., 2004)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Kugler and Nagel, 2007, Eggert et al., 2004)
located_in polytene chromosome
inferred from direct assay
(Pascual-Garcia et al., 2014)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008617116
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Pathway (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
putzig (pzg) encodes a nuclear protein that is involved in chromatin activation of replication related genes and signalling pathways including Notch, Ecdysone and JAK/STAT. It regulates growth, cell death and various developmental processes. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
C2H2 ZINC FINGER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS -
Zinc finger C2H2 transcription factors are sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that regulate transcription. They possess DNA-binding domains that are formed from repeated Cys2His2 zinc finger motifs. (Adapted from PMID:1835093, FBrf0220103 and FBrf0155739).
Pathway (FlyBase)
NEGATIVE REGULATORS OF JAK-STAT SIGNALING PATHWAY -
Negative regulators of JAK-STAT signaling down-regulate the pathway, attenuating transcriptional control by Stat92E.
Summary (Interactive Fly)

zinc finger transcription factor that acts as key regulator of cell proliferation and as a positive of Notch target genes - physically interacts with DREF and TRF2 to activate replication-related genes

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\pzg for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VP57)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
pzg-RA
FBtr0078336
NM_141040
4093
996
pzg-RB
FBtr0331793
NM_001275214
3824
996
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
pzg-PA
FBpp0077992
105.1
996
4.54
Q9VP57
NP_649297
AAF51699
pzg-PB
FBpp0304178
105.1
996
4.54
Q9VP57
NP_001262143
AGB94836
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

996 aa isoforms: pzg-PA, pzg-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\pzg using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.67

Transcript Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
third instar larval stage
wing disc | ubiquitous
(Kugler and Nagel, 2007)
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
antennal anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
antennal primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
central brain primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
embryonic brain
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval midgut
(Fisher et al., 2012)
larval nervous system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | faint | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
larval ventral nerve cord
(Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood
adult heart
(Cammarato et al., 2011)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in chromosome, telomeric region
inferred from direct assay
(Heseding et al., 2017)
located_in euchromatin
inferred from direct assay
(Heseding et al., 2017, Gortchakov et al., 2005, Eggert et al., 2004)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Kugler and Nagel, 2007, Eggert et al., 2004)
located_in polytene chromosome
inferred from direct assay
(Pascual-Garcia et al., 2014)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\pzg in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 12 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 15 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of pzg
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of pzg
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 4 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 4 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(3L)Pc-2q
(Kugler et al., 2011)
Df(3L)Pc
(Kugler et al., 2011)
Df(3L)Pc-MK
(Kugler et al., 2011)
Gene partially disrupted in
Df(3L)Z4-1.3
(Eggert et al., 2004)
Inferred from location ( 3 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
lethal, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
lethal, with Scer\GAL4T80
lethal (with Df(3L)Pc-2q)
lethal (with Df(3L)Pc)
lethal (with Df(3L)Pc-MK)
lethal | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
lethal - all die before end of larval stage | recessive
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage | recessive
lethal - all die during embryonic stage | recessive
partially lethal - majority die
partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal developmental rate, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
abnormal developmental rate | larval stage
abnormal locomotor behavior | larval stage
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
abnormal size | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
abnormal size | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ppl.PU
decreased body size | larval stage
enhancer of variegation, with In(1)wm4
flightless, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
melanotic mass phenotype | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA
melanotic mass phenotype | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Hml.PG
melanotic mass phenotype | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA
melanotic mass phenotype | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Hml.PG
melanotic mass phenotype | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA
melanotic mass phenotype | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4Hml.PG
some die during embryonic stage | recessive
some die during larval stage | recessive
some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
some die during pupal stage | recessive
suppressor of variegation | dominant, with In(1)wm4
visible, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
visible, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
visible, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
visible, with Scer\GAL4sd-SG29.1
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4en.PU
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4nub.PK
visible | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
anterior crossvein, with Scer\GAL4nub.PK
embryonic/larval fat body | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ppl.PU
embryonic/larval salivary gland, with Scer\GAL4G61
eye, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
ganglion mother cell | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
larval neuroblast | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
lipid droplet | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ppl.PU
melanotic mass | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA
melanotic mass | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Hml.PG
melanotic mass | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA
melanotic mass | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Hml.PG
melanotic mass | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA
melanotic mass | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4Hml.PG
mesonotum, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
polytene chromosome
polytene chromosome (with pzg1.3)
polytene chromosome (with pzg7.1)
polytene chromosome band
polytene chromosome band (with pzg1.3)
polytene chromosome band (with pzg7.1)
wing, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
wing, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
wing, with Scer\GAL4sd-SG29.1
wing | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
wing blade, with Scer\GAL4en.PU
wing blade, with Scer\GAL4nub.PK
wing margin, with Scer\GAL4nub.PK
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (22)
Hsap\ZNF462
2 of 14
Yes
No
Hsap\RBAK
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZFP2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZFP64
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZNF28
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZNF99
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZNF107
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZNF142
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZNF160
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZNF208
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZNF266
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\ZNF335
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZNF347
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZNF407
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZNF497
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZNF513
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\ZNF521
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZNF665
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZNF729
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZNF836
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZNF845
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ZSCAN2
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (11)
Rnor\Zfp462
2 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\LOC100365363
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Rest
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Zfp51
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Zfp64
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Zfp91
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Zfp236
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Zfp335
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Zfp407
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Zfp513
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Zfp521
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (14)
Mmus\Zfp462
2 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Zfp521
2 of 14
Yes
No
Mmus\2610021A01Rik
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Rbak
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Zfp40
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Zfp64
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Zfp91
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Zfp93
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Zfp160
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Zfp335
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Zfp407
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Zfp451
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Zfp646
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Zfp975
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (11)
Xtro\LOC105947126
1 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\LOC108648854
1 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\tsc22d3
1 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\XB1010452
1 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\XB5795368
1 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\zfat
1 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\zfp64
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\zfp91
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\znf335
1 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\znf462
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\znf568
1 of 13
Yes
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (21)
Drer\LOC568955
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\LOC100537431
1 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\LOC103910897
1 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\LOC108182171
1 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\patz1
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\prdm9
1 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\si:dkey-154p10.3
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\si:dkeyp-84f3.5
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\zfp64
1 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\zfp91
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\zgc:66448
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\znf131
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\znf236
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\znf335
1 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\znf513a
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\znf710b
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\znf983
1 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\znf1015
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\znf1053
1 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\znf1124
1 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\znf1136
1 of 14
Yes
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (2)
Cele\lin-13
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\row-1
1 of 14
Yes
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (7)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006534
8 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001555
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003446
1 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003961
1 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP005348
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008515
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP013139
1 of 12
No
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:pzg. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (31)
CG30020
2 of 13
az2
1 of 13
CG1602
1 of 13
CG2129
1 of 13
CG3032
1 of 13
CG4282
1 of 13
CG4707
1 of 13
CG6254
1 of 13
CG6791
1 of 13
CG7101
1 of 13
CG7368
1 of 13
CG8089
1 of 13
CG8388
1 of 13
CG8944
1 of 13
CG9932
1 of 13
CG10366
1 of 13
CG10654
1 of 13
CG11695
1 of 13
CG12219
1 of 13
CG15073
1 of 13
CG17803
1 of 13
CG18011
1 of 13
crol
1 of 13
dumpless1
1 of 13
hang
1 of 13
indra
1 of 13
kmg
1 of 13
mld
1 of 13
Prdm13
1 of 13
Sry-δ
1 of 13
zf30C
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
    Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
    protein-protein
    Physical Interaction
    Assay
    References
    pzg
    bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy, protein cross-linking with a bifunctional reagent, molecular weight estimation by staining, x ray scattering, two hybrid array
    (Bonchuk and Georgiev, 2024, Shokri et al., 2019)
    pzg - BEAF-32
    coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, two hybrid, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, two hybrid array
    (Melnikova et al., 2021, Shokri et al., 2019, Gan et al., 2011)
    pzg - CG31955
    two hybrid array
    (Shokri et al., 2019)
    pzg - CTCF
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
    (Bohla et al., 2014)
    pzg - Caf1-55
    anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
    (Kugler and Nagel, 2010)
    pzg - Camta
    two hybrid array, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy
    (Shokri et al., 2019)
    pzg - Cap-H2
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
    (Puerto et al., 2024)
    pzg - Chro
    two hybrid, experimental knowledge based, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry, pull down
    (Kaushal et al., 2022, Melnikova et al., 2020, Gan et al., 2011, Guruharsha et al., 2011, Eggert et al., 2004)
    pzg - Cp190
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, pull down, Identification by mass spectrometry, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
    (Kaushal et al., 2022, Maksimenko et al., 2015, Bohla et al., 2014)
    pzg - Dredd
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
    (Fukuyama et al., 2012)
    pzg - Dref
    two hybrid array
    (Shokri et al., 2019)
    pzg - E(bx)
    anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
    (Kugler and Nagel, 2010)
    pzg - HeT-A\gag
    anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
    (Silva-Sousa et al., 2012)
    pzg - Hr78
    two hybrid array
    (Shokri et al., 2019)
    pzg - Iswi
    anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
    (Kugler and Nagel, 2010)
    pzg - JIL-1
    anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
    (Silva-Sousa et al., 2012, Gan et al., 2011)
    pzg - Lkb1
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
    (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
    pzg - M1BP
    two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Osadchiy et al., 2025)
    pzg - MBD-R2
    anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
    (Raja et al., 2010, Mendjan et al., 2006)
    pzg - Nurf-38
    anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
    (Kugler and Nagel, 2010)
    pzg - Opbp
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, two hybrid
    (Osadchiy et al., 2025)
    pzg - Rel
    two hybrid array
    (Shokri et al., 2019)
    pzg - S6kII
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
    (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
    pzg - Trl
    two hybrid array, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry, two hybrid, western blot
    (Shokri et al., 2019, Lomaev et al., 2017)
    pzg - Tsc1
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
    (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
    pzg - Ubx
    bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy
    (Bischof et al., 2018)
    pzg - abd-A
    bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy
    (Bischof et al., 2018)
    pzg - chn
    two hybrid array
    (Shokri et al., 2019)
    pzg - drm
    two hybrid array
    (Shokri et al., 2019)
    pzg - foxo
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
    (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
    pzg - gig
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
    (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
    pzg - kel
    proximity-dependent biotin identification, Identification by mass spectrometry
    (Mannix et al., 2019)
    pzg - ken
    anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
    (Kugler et al., 2011)
    pzg - mip120
    two hybrid array
    (Shokri et al., 2019)
    pzg - mof
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
    (Mendjan et al., 2006)
    pzg - mrt
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, Identification by mass spectrometry
    (Yao et al., 2018)
    pzg - nsl1
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry, western blot
    (Raja et al., 2010)
    pzg - otp
    two hybrid array
    (Shokri et al., 2019)
    pzg - prod
    two hybrid
    (Takács et al., 2012)
    pzg - rictor
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
    (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
    pzg - row
    experimental knowledge based
    (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
    pzg - sima
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
    (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
    pzg - su(Hw)
    pull down, Identification by mass spectrometry
    (Kaushal et al., 2022)
    pzg - toy
    two hybrid array
    (Shokri et al., 2019)
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    pzg
    enhanceable
    CycE
    (Kugler and Nagel, 2007)
    pzg
    suppressible
    dap
    (Kugler and Nagel, 2007)
    pzg
    suppressible
    EcR
    (Kugler et al., 2011)
    pzg
    suppressible
    H
    (Kugler and Nagel, 2007)
    pzg
    suppressible
    N
    (Kugler and Nagel, 2007)
    pzg
    enhanceable
    PCNA
    (Kugler and Nagel, 2007)
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    ct
    suppressible
    pzg
    (Krupp et al., 2005)
    H
    suppressible
    pzg
    (Müller et al., 2005)
    hop
    enhanceable
    pzg
    (Kugler et al., 2011)
    mrt
    suppressible
    pzg
    (Yao et al., 2018)
    External Data
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    FlyBase
    External Links
    External Data
    Linkouts
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    3L
    Recombination map
    3-47
    Cytogenetic map
    78C5-78C6
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    78C5-78C6
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}ppl00217 and P{lacW}l(3)j1B10j1B10
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location

    3-47

    (FlyBase, 2016)

    3-43.8

    (Comeron et al., 2012)
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (16)
    Genomic Clones (18)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (144)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
      RNAi and Array Information
      Linkouts
      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
      Antibody Information
      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
       
      Commercially Available Antibodies
       
      Cell Line Information
      Publicly Available Cell Lines
       
        Other Stable Cell Lines
         
          Other Comments

          Identification: as a suppressor of H mediated cell death induction.

          (Nagel et al., 2005)

          Reduction in levels of pzg gene activity during larval development results in developmental delays and reduction of tissue size due to impaired cell cycle progression and induction of cell death.

          (Nagel et al., 2005)

          Null mutants of Z4 are embryonic lethal and hypomorphic mutants die at late larval/early pupal stages. Z4 mutants have a dosage-sensitive effect on position-effect variegation with a haplo-suppressor and triplo-enhancer phenotype.

          (Eggert et al., 2003)
          Relationship to Other Genes
          Source for database merge of

          Source for merge of: pzg Z4

          (Kugler and Nagel, 2007)
          Additional comments
          Nomenclature History
          Source for database identify of

          Source for identity of: Z4 CG7752

          (Eggert, 2004.11.5)
          Nomenclature comments
          Etymology

          Gene is named "putzig" (German for tiny/droll) owing to its influence on the growth of larvae.

          (Kugler and Nagel, 2007)
          Synonyms and Secondary IDs (11)
          Reported As
          Symbol Synonym
          CG7752
          (Kolkhof et al., 2017, Lomaev et al., 2017, Hosono et al., 2015, Azad et al., 2012, Christis and Munro, 2012, Cammarato et al., 2011, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Baeg et al., 2007, Kugler and Nagel, 2007, Stuart et al., 2007, Krupp et al., 2005, Müller et al., 2005, Eggert et al., 2004, Brody et al., 2002)
          Pzg
          (Osadchiy et al., 2025, Kaushal et al., 2022, Erokhin et al., 2021, Frankenreiter et al., 2021, Kallappagoudar et al., 2010)
          Pzg/Z4
          (Chetverina et al., 2021, Lomaev et al., 2017, Schaaf et al., 2013)
          Q9VP57_DROME
          (Fukuyama et al., 2012)
          Z4
          (Bonchuk and Georgiev, 2024, Puerto et al., 2024, Melnikova et al., 2020, Bischof et al., 2018, Pokholkova et al., 2018, Cubeñas-Potts et al., 2017, El-Sharnouby et al., 2017, Sarov et al., 2016, Maksimenko et al., 2015, Zielke and Saumweber, 2014, Raffa et al., 2013, Wang et al., 2013, Gan et al., 2011, Prestel et al., 2010, Raja et al., 2010, Andreyeva et al., 2007, Buszczak et al., 2007, Demakova et al., 2007, Gan et al., 2007, Mendjan et al., 2006, Andreyeva et al., 2005, Gortchakov et al., 2005, Eggert et al., 2004, Semeshin et al., 2002)
          Z4/Putzig
          (Heseding et al., 2017)
          p160
          (Hochheimer et al., 2002, Hochheimer et al., 2002)
          pzg
          (Yheskel et al., 2023, Hurtado et al., 2022, Wang et al., 2021, Sigalova et al., 2020, Mannix et al., 2019, Matthews and White, 2019, Shokri et al., 2019, Yao et al., 2018, Zhang et al., 2018, Li et al., 2017, Clandinin and Owens, 2016-, Dietz et al., 2015, Schertel et al., 2015, Zimmermann et al., 2015, Hughes et al., 2014, Kwon et al., 2013, Moshkin et al., 2013, Raffa et al., 2013, Antao et al., 2012, Azad et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Takács et al., 2012, Friedman et al., 2011, Kugler et al., 2011, Kugler and Nagel, 2007, Kugler and Nagel, 2007)
          z4
          (Larschan et al., 2012)
          Name Synonyms
          Putzig
          (El-Sharnouby et al., 2017, Heseding et al., 2017, Maksimenko et al., 2015)
          Z4
          (Cammarato et al., 2011)
          putzig
          (Bischof et al., 2018, Dietz et al., 2015, Zimmermann et al., 2015, Kugler et al., 2011, Biehs et al., 2010, Kugler and Nagel, 2010, Kugler and Nagel, 2007, Nagel et al., 2005)
          Secondary FlyBase IDs
          • FBgn0083067
          • FBgn0037066
          Datasets (0)
          Study focus (0)
          Experimental Role
          Project
          Project Type
          Title
          Study result (0)
          Result
          Result Type
          Title
          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 37 )
          Sequence Crossreferences
          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
          UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          Other crossreferences
          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
          BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
          InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
          Linkouts
          BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
          Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
          Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
          MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          References (129)