FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\PEK

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\PEK

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

pancreatic eIF-2α kinase

Annotation Symbol

CG2087

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0037327

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

14 publicly available

Gene Summary

pancreatic eIF-2α kinase (PEK) encodes an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane kinase and a component of the integrated stress response. During ER stress the product of PEK phosphorylates the translation initiation factor encoded by eIF2α resulting in the inhibition of most cap-dependent translation. This is especially important during the development of secretory tissues and the response to cellular stress. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

PERK, dpERK

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

83A4-83A4

Sequence location

3R:5,458,563..5,464,753 [-]

Recombination map

3-47.5

RefSeq locus

NT_033777 REGION:5458563..5464753

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (12 terms)

Molecular Function (3 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha kinase activity

inferred from direct assay

(Pomar et al., 2003)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Paul et al., 2024, Xue et al., 2023)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables ATP binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000719, InterPro:IPR017441

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

enables eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha kinase activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008315216

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables protein kinase activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000719, InterPro:IPR008271

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Biological Process (6 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in PERK-mediated unfolded protein response

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Dad1; FB:FBgn0263852

(Zhang et al., 2016)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Xue et al., 2023)

inferred from direct assay

(Pomar et al., 2003)

involved_in positive regulation of autophagy

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Nagy et al., 2013)

involved_in positive regulation of JNK cascade

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Zhang et al., 2016)

involved_in regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Malzer et al., 2010)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in negative regulation of translation

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000867955

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in regulation of translational initiation

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008511022

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Cellular Component (3 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in endoplasmic reticulum

inferred from direct assay

(Pomar et al., 2003)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in cytoplasm

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000113601

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

is_active_in nucleus

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000113601

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

UNCLASSIFIED CONVENTIONAL PROTEIN KINASE DOMAIN KINASES

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GCN2 subfamily. (Q9NIV1)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Gene Group (FlyBase)

UNCLASSIFIED CONVENTIONAL PROTEIN KINASE DOMAIN KINASES -: This group comprises conventional protein kinase domain kinases that do not classify under other groups in FlyBase.

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation-initiation factor 2 (EIF2), leading to its inactivation and thus to a rapid reduction of translational initiation and repression of global protein synthesis.

(UniProt, Q9NIV1)

Summary (Interactive Fly)

phosphorylates and inhibits the translation initiation factor 2 α, control of intestinal stem cell proliferation, homeostatic regeneration, unfolded protein response of the ER, endoplasmic reticulum stress

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\PEK for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q9NIV1)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

PEK-RA

FBtr0078770

NM_141281

4639

1162

PEK-RB

FBtr0330026

NM_001275353

4265

1110

PEK-RC

FBtr0330027

NM_001275354

4169

1099

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

PEK-PA

FBpp0078417

131.0

1162

4.70

FBpp0303059

125.5

1110

4.71

FBpp0303060

124.1

1099

4.67

A0A0B4KG56

NP_001262283

AGB95666

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Forms dimers with HSPA5/BIP in resting cells. Oligomerizes in ER-stressed cells (By similarity).

(UniProt, Q9NIV1)

Post Translational Modification

Autophosphorylated.

N-glycosylated.

(UniProt, Q9NIV1)

Domain

The lumenal domain senses perturbations in protein folding in the ER, probably through reversible interaction with HSPA5/BIP.

(UniProt, Q9NIV1)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\PEK using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.50

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism

Comment: rapidly degraded

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | ubiquitous

• cytoplasm | basal

Comment: apically cleared

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

trunk visceral muscle primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

larval muscle system

(Fisher et al., 2012)

larval somatic muscle cell

(Fisher et al., 2012)

larval visceral muscle cell

(Fisher et al., 2012)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in endoplasmic reticulum

inferred from direct assay

(Pomar et al., 2003)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\PEK in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\PEK

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\PEK

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0037327

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

40653/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0037327

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0037327

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0037327

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG2087

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0037327

Images

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

Show all FlyExpress processed images for Dmel\PEK

Stages(s) 4-6
Stages(s) 9-10
Stages(s) 13-16

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 11 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 13 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of PEK

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of PEK

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 0 )

Inferred from location ( 3 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal - all die before end of P-stage, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PU

PEK^UAS.cMa

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

PEK^UAS.cMa

viable

PEK^EY09578

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

PEK^GD5584

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

PEK^GD5584

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

PEK^GD5584

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

PEK^GD5584

Sterility

Allele

female semi-sterile, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}, Scer\GAL4^VP16.otu, Scer\GAL4^nanos.PG

fertile

PEK^EY09578

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal mitotic cell cycle | conditional | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL

PEK^UAS.cMa

abnormal mitotic cell cycle | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

PEK^UAS.cMa

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PU

PEK^UAS.cMa

decreased cell number | adult stage | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4^unspecified

PEK^KK100348

increased cell death | oogenesis, with Scer\GAL4^Lsp2.3.1

PEK^KK100348

increased cell number | adult stage | dominant

PEK^ΔLD

long lived, with Scer\GAL4^bun-GSG5961

PEK^GD5584

some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

PEK^UAS.cMa

visible, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

PEK^UAS.cMa

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

abdominal dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaC | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PU

PEK^UAS.cMa

adult gut | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4^unspecified

PEK^KK100348

dendrite | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PU

PEK^UAS.cMa

egg chamber | decreased number, with Scer\GAL4^Lsp2.3.1

PEK^KK100348

eye, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

PEK^UAS.cMa

eye | temperature conditional, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

PEK^UAS.cMa

eye disc, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

PEK^UAS.cMa

eye disc posterior to the morphogenetic furrow, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

PEK^UAS.cMa

eye disc posterior to the morphogenetic furrow | conditional, with Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL

PEK^UAS.cMa

intestinal stem cell of posterior adult midgut epithelium | increased number

PEK^ΔLD

oocyte, with Scer\GAL4^Lsp2.3.1

PEK^KK100348

stage S14 oocyte | increased number, with Scer\GAL4^Lsp2.3.1

PEK^KK100348

yolk granule | decreased number, with Scer\GAL4^Lsp2.3.1

PEK^KK100348

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (27)

Hsap\EIF2AK3

12 of 14

Yes

Hsap\EIF2AK2

4 of 14

Yes

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (22)

Rnor\Eif2ak3

12 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Eif2ak2

3 of 14

Yes

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (26)

Mmus\Eif2ak3

12 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Eif2ak2

4 of 14

Yes

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (19)

Xtro\eif2ak3

7 of 13

Yes

Xtro\eif2ak2

3 of 13

Yes

Xtro\pkr2

3 of 13

Yes

Xtro\smim18

3 of 13

Yes

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\garem2

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\stk39

1 of 13

Xtro\trio

1 of 13

Xtro\wee2

1 of 13

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (25)

Drer\eif2ak3

12 of 14

Yes

Drer\pkz

5 of 14

Yes

Drer\eif2ak2

4 of 14

Yes

Drer\eif2ak1

2 of 14

Yes

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Drer\si:dkey-192d15.2

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (12)

Cele\pek-1

13 of 14

Yes

Cele\Y38E10A.8

7 of 14

Yes

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (9)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP013266

11 of 12

Yes

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (21)

Atha\GCN2

2 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\SPA2

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\SPA3

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\SPA4

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\WEE1

1 of 13

Atha\WNK8

1 of 13

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (5)

Scer\CDC5

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\GCN2

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\IKS1

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\KIN3

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\SPS1

1 of 13

Yes

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (6)

Spom\gcn2

2 of 12

Yes

Spom\hri2

2 of 12

Yes

Spom\cdc7

1 of 12

Yes

Spom\hri1

1 of 12

Spom\ppk16

1 of 12

Yes

Spom\wee1

1 of 12

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:PEK. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (8)

4 of 13

3 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

PKD

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 2 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3

model of Wolcott-Rallison syndrome

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

EIF2AK2; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 2

model of dystonia 33

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 10 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

PEK^HMJ02063

ameliorates prion disease

modeled by Hsap\PRNP^V129.UAS.att

(Myers et al., 2022)

ameliorates congenital disorder of glycosylation Ij

modeled by Alg7^HMC03443

(Dalton et al., 2022)

exacerbates Parkinson's disease 1

modeled by Hsap\SNCA^H50Q.UAS

(Rai and Kumar, 2025)

exacerbates retinitis pigmentosa 4

modeled by ninaE^P37H.GFP

(Zhao et al., 2023)

PEK^EY09578

ameliorates oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy

modeled by Hsap\PABPN1^17ala.UAS

(Naït-Saïdi et al., 2023)

ameliorates Parkinson's disease 6

modeled by Pink1^B9

(Cui et al., 2020)

PEK^KK100348

ameliorates Parkinson's disease 6

modeled by Pink1^B9

(Popovic et al., 2023)

ameliorates prion disease

modeled by Hsap\PRNP^V129.UAS.att

(Myers et al., 2022)

modeled by Hsap\PRNP^V129.UAS

(Fernandez-Funez et al., 2017)

ameliorates Galloway-Mowat syndrome 3

modeled by Tcs3^KK101323

(Krausel et al., 2023)

PEK^UAS.cMa

exacerbates prion disease

modeled by Hsap\PRNP^V129.UAS

(Fernandez-Funez et al., 2017)

ameliorates cancer

modeled by Ras85D^V12.cUa.UAS, l(2)gl⁴

(Yang et al., 2022)

ameliorates Parkinson's disease 1

modeled by Hsap\SNCA^H50Q.UAS

(Rai and Kumar, 2025)

exacerbates Alzheimer's disease 1

modeled by Hsap\APP^{Aβ42.UAS.Tag:SS(rPENK)}

(Cheng and Chiang, 2018)

PEK^GL00030

ameliorates amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

modeled by Hsap\TARDBP^UAS.cEa

(Kim et al., 2014)

ameliorates oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy

modeled by Hsap\PABPN1^17ala.UAS

(Naït-Saïdi et al., 2023)

PEK^GD5584

ameliorates Parkinson's disease

modeled by park²⁵

(Celardo et al., 2016)

modeled by Pink1^B9

(Celardo et al., 2016)

ameliorates Parkinson's disease 6

modeled by Pink1^B9

(Popovic et al., 2023)

ameliorates prion disease

modeled by Hsap\PRNP^V129.UAS

(Fernandez-Funez et al., 2017)

PEK¹²

exacerbates retinitis pigmentosa 4

modeled by ninaE^P37H.GFP

(Zhao et al., 2023)

PEK³⁴

exacerbates retinitis pigmentosa 4

modeled by ninaE^P37H.GFP

(Zhao et al., 2023)

PEK⁴⁶

exacerbates retinitis pigmentosa 4

modeled by ninaE^P37H.GFP

(Zhao et al., 2023)

PEK^trp.PZ

ameliorates retinitis pigmentosa 4

modeled by ninaE^G69D

(Zhao et al., 2023)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3

12 of 14

604032

EPIPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA, MULTIPLE, WITH EARLY-ONSET DIABETES MELLITUS

Wolcott-Rallison syndrome

EIF2AK2; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 2

4 of 14

176871

dystonia 33

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

PEK

enzymatic study, autoradiography, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Pomar et al., 2003)

PEK - eIF2α

enzymatic study, autoradiography

(Pomar et al., 2003)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

PEK

suppressible

CycE

(Malzer et al., 2010)

PEK

suppressible

grp

(Malzer et al., 2010)

PEK

suppressible

PPP1R15

(Malzer et al., 2013)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Dad1

suppressible

PEK

(Zhang et al., 2016)

Ero1L

suppressible

PEK

(Wang et al., 2015)

suppressible

(Xu et al., 2025)

suppressible

(Wang et al., 2015)

Myc

suppressible

PEK

(Nagy et al., 2013)

suppressible

PEK

(Wang et al., 2015)

ninaE

enhanceable

PEK

(Vasudevan et al., 2020)

suppressible

(Xue et al., 2023)

suppressible

(Celardo et al., 2016)

Pink1

suppressible

PEK

(Celardo et al., 2016)

PPP1R15

suppressible

PEK

(Malzer et al., 2013)

prel

suppressible

PEK

(Tsuyama et al., 2017)

Rer1

suppressible

PEK

(Paul et al., 2024)

scrib

enhanceable

PEK

(Zheng et al., 2023)

sud1

suppressible

PEK

(Katz et al., 2014)

Tcs3

suppressible

PEK

(Krausel et al., 2023)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Forms dimers with HSPA5/BIP in resting cells. Oligomerizes in ER-stressed cells (By similarity).

(UniProt, Q9NIV1 )

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

65862

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0037327

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

40653

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.

Q9NIV1

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-47.5

Cytogenetic map

83A4-83A4

Sequence location

3R:5,458,563..5,464,753 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

83A4-83A4

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP974 and P{PZ}Snr1⁰¹³¹⁹&P{PZ}Itp-r83A⁰⁵⁶¹⁶

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

83A1-83A3

(Cavener et al., 2000.3.10)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-47.5

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-44.1

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (14)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

85557

w¹¹¹⁸; PBac{RB}PEK^e01744

42499

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMJ02063}attP40

76248

w¹¹¹⁸; P{UAS-PEK.M}3/TM6B, Tb¹

77559

w¹¹¹⁸; PBac{IT.GAL4}PEK^0466-G4

42102

y¹ w^*; Mi{MIC}PEK^MI05683

76249

w¹¹¹⁸; P{UAS-PEK.KR}2; MKRS/TM6B, Tb¹

17582

y¹ w^67c23; P{EPgy2}PEK^EY09578

35162

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.GL00030}attP2

Kyoto

125978

w¹¹¹⁸; P{RS5}PEK^5-SZ-3285

VDRC

v110278

P{KK100348}VIE-260B

v16427

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD5584}v16427

v341100

P{hsFLP}1, y¹ w¹¹¹⁸; P{HD_CFD00117}attP40/CyO-GFP

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (22)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (71)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

LD41715

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0037327

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0037327

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Malzer et al., 2010, Pomar et al., 2003)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

Changes in expression profiles associated with the unfolded protein response have been analyzed in S2 cells following treatment with dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene.

(Hollien and Weissman, 2006)

dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R⁺ cell morphology.

(Kiger et al., 2003)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: PEK Perk

(Cavener, 2003.12.17)

Additional comments

Source for identity of PEK CG2087 was sequence comparison ( date:000401 ).

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: PEK CG2087

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (20)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG2087

(Vasudevan et al., 2020, Hosono et al., 2015, Park et al., 2014, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Hollien and Weissman, 2006, Pile et al., 2003, Morrison et al., 2000)

DPERK

(Pomar et al., 2003, Pomar-Ballestero, 2001.5.8)

DmPEK

(Sood et al., 2000)

DpERK

(Ninov et al., 2009)

PEK1

(Kumar and Maity, 2021)

PERK

(Nedachi et al., 2025, Scopelliti et al., 2025, Xu et al., 2025, Chen and McDonald, 2024, Kongsung et al., 2024, Paul et al., 2024, Xu et al., 2024, Granat et al., 2023, Monteiro et al., 2023, Morón-Oset et al., 2023, Xue et al., 2023, Deliu et al., 2022, Myers et al., 2022, Joy et al., 2021, Naz and Siddique, 2021, Yamazoe et al., 2021, Yu and Hyun, 2021, Zarini-Gakiye et al., 2021, Elvira et al., 2020, Jeon et al., 2020, Rodriguez-Fernandez et al., 2020, Sorge et al., 2020, Warsaba et al., 2020, Boulan et al., 2019, Hunt et al., 2019, Cheng and Chiang, 2018, Moehlman et al., 2018, Fernandez-Funez et al., 2017, Sekiya et al., 2017, Vasudevan et al., 2017, Lee et al., 2016, Ryoo, 2015, Wang et al., 2015, Mulakkal et al., 2014, Park et al., 2014, Nagy et al., 2013, Mounir et al., 2011, Malzer et al., 2010, Liu et al., 2009, Hollien and Weissman, 2006, Greene et al., 2005, Geething et al., 2000, McNaughton et al., 2000, Zhang et al., 2000)

Pek

(Glineburg and Nguyen, 2025, Cho et al., 2024, Kim et al., 2015)

Perk

(Grmai et al., 2024, Popovic et al., 2023, Aggarwal et al., 2022, Yin et al., 2022, Brown et al., 2021, Vasudevan et al., 2020, Zhang et al., 2016, Moore et al., 2013, Ryoo and Steller, 2007, Cavener et al., 2000.3.10)

dPERK

(Zuko et al., 2021, Ly et al., 2020, Malzer et al., 2013)

dPerk

(Fehr et al., 2025, Popovic et al., 2021, Tsuyama et al., 2017, Celardo et al., 2016)

dmPEK

(Temviriyanukul et al., 2024)

dpERK

(Yang and Johnson, 2023, Papagiannouli, 2022, Hayashi and Ogura, 2020, Rust and Nystul, 2020)

dpErk

(Roach and Lenhart, 2024)

pERK

(Gonzalez et al., 2015, Kirilly et al., 2011)

pek

(Chen et al., 2025, Fangninou et al., 2023, Smibert et al., 2012)

perk

(Rai and Kumar, 2025, Zhao et al., 2023, Vasudevan et al., 2022, Malzer et al., 2018, Kang et al., 2017, Katz et al., 2014, Kang et al., 2012)

Name Synonyms

PEK

PERK

(Kim et al., 2012)

pancreatic eIF-2α kinase

(Sood et al., 2000)

pancreatic eIF2α kinase

(Nagy et al., 2013, Farny et al., 2009)

protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase

(Cheng and Chiang, 2018)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0041196

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 66 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

40653

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q9NIV1

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q9NIV1

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q9NIV1

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0037327

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

40653/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0037327

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0037327

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0037327

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG2087

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

40653

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

65862

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0037327

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0037327

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0037327

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0037327

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0037327

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG2087

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0037327

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0037327

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

40653

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.

Q9NIV1

References (181)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

-0.50

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