FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\barr

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\barr

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

barren

Annotation Symbol

CG10726

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0014127

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

20 publicly available

Gene Summary

barren (barr) encodes a chromatin binding protein involved in chromatin condensation. It regulates Malpighian tubule development and epithelial morphogenesis. [Date last reviewed: 2019-07-11] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

Cap-H, 38B.3

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

38B1-38B2

Sequence location

2L:20,058,163..20,061,370 [-]

Recombination map

2-54

RefSeq locus

NT_033779 REGION:20058163..20061370

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (18 terms)

Molecular Function (4 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables chromatin binding

inferred from direct assay

(Lupo et al., 2001)

enables DNA topoisomerase binding

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Top2; FB:FBgn0284220

(Lupo et al., 2001)

enables DNA topoisomerase type II (double strand cut, ATP-hydrolyzing) activator activity

inferred from direct assay

(Bhat et al., 1996)

enables protein binding

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:ph-p; FB:FBgn0004861

(Lupo et al., 2001)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables chromatin binding

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000318716

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Biological Process (9 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (8 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in chromatin organization

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Lupo et al., 2001)

involved_in chromosome condensation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Nikalayevich and Ohkura, 2015)

involved_in ectodermal digestive tract morphogenesis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Liu et al., 1999)

involved_in head involution

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Liu et al., 1999)

involved_in Malpighian tubule morphogenesis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Liu et al., 1999)

involved_in mitotic sister chromatid separation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Bhat et al., 1996)

involved_in morphogenesis of an epithelium

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Liu et al., 1999)

involved_in open tracheal system development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Liu et al., 1999)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in mitotic chromosome condensation

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000318716

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR022816

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Cellular Component (5 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in chromatin

inferred from direct assay

(Oliveira et al., 2007)

located_in chromosome, centromeric region

inferred from direct assay

(Oliveira et al., 2007)

located_in condensed chromosome

inferred from direct assay

(Bhat et al., 1996)

part_of condensin complex

inferred from direct assay

(Herzog et al., 2013, Savvidou et al., 2005)

located_in nucleus

inferred from direct assay

(Lupo et al., 2001)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

part_of condensin complex

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000318716

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

traceable author statement

(Ono et al., 2003)

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR022816

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

CONDENSIN I

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Condensin complex subunit 2/barren

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

barren (barr) encodes a chromatin binding protein involved in chromatin condensation. It regulates Malpighian tubule development and epithelial morphogenesis. [Date last reviewed: 2019-07-11]

Gene Group (FlyBase)

CONDENSIN I -: Condensin I is conserved from yeast to humans. Condensin I is involved in the condensation and segregation of chromosomes. Condensin complexes consist of five subunits: a Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes (SMC) 2/4 heterodimer and three regulatory, non-SMC subunits. (Adapted from FBrf0191647).

Summary (Interactive Fly)

CAP-H homologue, a condensin subunit exclusively associated with condensin I - promotes sister chromatid resolution and maintains the structural integrity of centromeric heterochromatin during mitosis

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\barr for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q9VIP9)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.39

Gene model reviewed during 5.52

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

barr-RA

FBtr0081348

NM_057758

2580

735

barr-RB

FBtr0081349

NM_165317

2684

735

barr-RC

FBtr0343850

NM_001299165

2908

735

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

2.6 (northern blot)

(Bhat et al., 1996)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

barr-PA

FBpp0080880

82.8

735

5.26

FBpp0080881

82.8

735

5.26

FBpp0310394

82.8

735

5.26

Q9VIP9

NP_001286094

AHN54608

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

735 aa isoforms: barr-PA, barr-PB, barr-PC

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

736 (aa); 97 (kD observed); 81 (kD predicted)

(Bhat et al., 1996)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Condensin complex subunit 2/barren

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\barr using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

1.39

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

embryonic brain

(Fisher et al., 2012)

larval nervous system

(Fisher et al., 2012)

larval ventral nerve cord

(Fisher et al., 2012)

Additional Descriptive Data

barr is expressed in the embryo in a pattern similar to that of other genes necessary for cell cycle progression. barr transcripts are detected at all stages with northern blots with a peak between 6 and 12 hours of embryogenesis.

(Bhat et al., 1996)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 7

organism | ubiquitous

(Bhat et al., 1996)

western blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 14

(Bhat et al., 1996)

Additional Descriptive Data

barr protein is present in all cells in early development.

(Bhat et al., 1996)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in chromatin

inferred from direct assay

(Oliveira et al., 2007)

located_in chromosome, centromeric region

inferred from direct assay

(Oliveira et al., 2007)

located_in condensed chromosome

inferred from direct assay

(Bhat et al., 1996)

part_of condensin complex

inferred from direct assay

(Herzog et al., 2013, Savvidou et al., 2005)

located_in nucleus

inferred from direct assay

(Lupo et al., 2001)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\barr in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\barr

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\barr

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0014127

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

35287/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0014127

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0014127

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0014127

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG10726

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0014127

Images

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

Show all FlyExpress processed images for Dmel\barr

Stages(s) 1-3
Stages(s) 4-6
Stages(s) 11-12
Stages(s) 13-16

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 18 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 20 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of barr

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of barr

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 41 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 41 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(2L)barr^k04805

(Bhat et al., 1996)

Df(2L)barr^k04912

(Bhat et al., 1996)

Df(2L)be408

(Butler et al., 2001)

Df(2L)BSC258

(Christensen and Cook, 2007.3.22)

Df(2L)BSC860

(Cook et al., 2009.11.25)

Df(2L)E51

(Xu et al., 2001)

Df(2L)Exel7077

(Kahsai et al., 2016, Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Df(2L)pr2b

(Butler et al., 2001)

Df(2L)pr37

(Butler et al., 2001)

Df(2L)pr40

(Butler et al., 2001, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Df(2L)pr49

(Butler et al., 2001, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Df(2L)pr1122

(Butler et al., 2001)

Df(2L)pr8311

(Butler et al., 2001)

Df(2L)pr9201

(Butler et al., 2001)

Df(2L)pr9202

(Butler et al., 2001)

Df(2L)pr9204

(Butler et al., 2001)

Df(2L)pr11163

(Butler et al., 2001)

Df(2L)pr-A14

(Kania et al., 1995, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Df(2L)pr-A16

(Bhat et al., 1996)

Df(2L)pr-A20

(Butler et al., 2001, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Df(2L)pr-M1

(Butler et al., 2001)

Df(2L)TE38A-1

(Bhat et al., 1996)

Df(2L)TW1

(Butler et al., 2001)

Df(2L)TW9

(Butler et al., 2001, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Df(2L)TW65

(Butler et al., 2001, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Df(2L)TW84

(Liu et al., 1999, Spradling et al., 1999, Kania et al., 1995, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Df(2L)TW150

(Butler et al., 2001, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Df(2L)TW161

(Butler et al., 2001, Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Df(2L)VA12

(Butler et al., 2001, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Df(2L)VA19

(Butler et al., 2001, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Gene not disrupted in

Inferred from location ( 6 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^en.PU

barr^HMS00049

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^insc-Mz1407

barr^GD12427

lethal (with Df(2L)Exel7077)

barr^L305

lethal | recessive

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

barr^GD12427

lethal - all die during embryonic stage | recessive

lethal - all die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

barr^GD12427

partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

barr^HMS00049

viable

barr^EY01867

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

barr^GD12427

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

barr^GD12427

Sterility

Allele

fertile

barr^EY01867

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^insc-Mz1407

barr^GD12427

abnormal size | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

barr^HMS00049

abnormal size | embryonic stage

barr^sj440

enhancer of variegation, with In(1)w^m4h

barr^L305

enhancer of variegation | partially, with P{hsp26-pt-T}39C-72

barr^L305

non-enhancer of variegation, with P{hsp26-pt-T}118E-10

barr^L305

some die during embryonic stage | recessive

some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

barr^GD12427

suppressor of variegation | dominant, with In(1)w^m4h

barr^L305

visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

barr^HMS00049

visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^nub.PK

barr^HMS00049

wild-type

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

chordotonal organ | lateral

barr^k00310

embryonic/larval pharynx | embryonic stage

barr^k14014

embryonic/larval proventriculus | embryonic stage

barr^k14014

embryonic/larval tracheal section

barr^k14014

embryonic epidermis

barr^k14014

embryonic head

barr^k14014

embryonic Malpighian tubule

barr^k14014

embryonic midgut constriction

barr^k14014

eye, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

barr^HMS00049

ganglion mother cell | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^insc-Mz1407

barr^GD12427

hypodermal muscle of A1-7 | embryonic stage

hypodermal muscle of A1-7 | embryonic stage (with barr^L305)

hypodermal muscle of A1-7 | embryonic stage (with barr^sj266)

hypodermal muscle of A1-7 | embryonic stage (with barr^sj440)

larval central nervous system | embryonic stage

barr^E831

larval muscle system | embryonic stage

larval muscle system | embryonic stage, with barr^E831/Df(2L)Exel7077, Scer\GAL4^{kirre-rP298-G4}

barr^{UASp.cOa.EGFP}

larval muscle system | embryonic stage, with barr^E831/Df(2L)Exel7077, Scer\GAL4^sns.PK

barr^{UASp.cOa.EGFP}

larval muscle system | embryonic stage (with barr^E831)

barr^L305

larval muscle system | embryonic stage (with barr^L305)

barr^E831

larval muscle system | embryonic stage (with Df(2L)Exel7077), with Scer\GAL4^{kirre-rP298-G4}, barr^{UASp.cOa.EGFP}

barr^E831

larval muscle system | embryonic stage (with Df(2L)Exel7077), with Scer\GAL4^sns.PK, barr^{UASp.cOa.EGFP}

barr^E831

larval neuroblast | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^insc-Mz1407

barr^GD12427

multidendritic neuron

barr^k00310

neuron

peripheral nervous system

presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system

ventral acute muscle 2 | embryonic stage (with barr^L305)

barr^sj266

ventral acute muscle 2 | embryonic stage (with barr^sj266)

ventral acute muscle 2 | embryonic stage (with barr^sj440)

barr^sj266

wing blade, with Scer\GAL4^nub.PK

barr^HMS00049

wing margin, with Scer\GAL4^nub.PK

barr^HMS00049

wing vein, with Scer\GAL4^nub.PK

barr^HMS00049

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (1)

Hsap\NCAPH

14 of 14

Yes

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)

Rnor\Ncaph

11 of 14

Yes

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (1)

Mmus\Ncaph

13 of 14

Yes

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (3)

Xtro\ncaph

8 of 13

Yes

Xtro\calb1

1 of 13

Xtro\chrna6

1 of 13

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (1)

Drer\ncaph

14 of 14

Yes

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011508

12 of 12

Yes

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (1)

Atha\EMB2795

12 of 13

Yes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)

Scer\BRN1

9 of 13

Yes

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)

Spom\cnd2

11 of 12

Yes

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:barr. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (0)

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

microcephaly, condensin subunit insufficiency

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

NCAPH; non-SMC condensin I complex subunit H

model of primary autosomal recessive microcephaly 23

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

NCAPH; non-SMC condensin I complex subunit H

14 of 14

602332

MICROCEPHALY 23, PRIMARY, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE; MCPH23

primary autosomal recessive microcephaly 23

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

barr - AGO2

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Pek and Kai, 2011)

barr - Cap-D2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, autoradiography, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, peptide massfingerprinting

(Herzog et al., 2013, Pek and Kai, 2011, Pek and Kai, 2011, D'Avino et al., 2009, Savvidou et al., 2005)

barr - Cap-D3

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, autoradiography

(Herzog et al., 2013)

barr - Cap-G

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, autoradiography, western blot, peptide massfingerprinting

(Herzog et al., 2013, D'Avino et al., 2009)

barr - SMC2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(D'Avino et al., 2009)

barr - Top2

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Lupo et al., 2001)

barr - bel

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Pek and Kai, 2011)

barr - glu

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, autoradiography, peptide massfingerprinting

(Herzog et al., 2013, D'Avino et al., 2009)

barr - ph-d

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Lupo et al., 2001)

barr - ph-p

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Lupo et al., 2001)

barr - spn-E

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Pek and Kai, 2011)

barr - vas

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Pek and Kai, 2011)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Abd-B

enhanceable

barr

(Lupo et al., 2001)

spn-A

suppressible

barr|vls

(Staeva-Vieira et al., 2003)

Su(var)3-3

suppressible

barr

(Eliazer et al., 2014)

vas

suppressible

barr

(Pek and Kai, 2011)

External Data

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

61258

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0014127

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

35287

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

35287

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Condensation of Prometaphase Chromosomes

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

2-54

Cytogenetic map

38B1-38B2

Sequence location

2L:20,058,163..20,061,370 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

38B1-38B2

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(2)k10239^k10239 and P{lacW}barr^k14014

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

38B2-38B4

(Bhat, 1996.10.11)

38B1-38B2

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Spradling et al., 1999, Bhat et al., 1996)

38A-38A

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Bhat and Bellen, 1995, Kania et al., 1995)

38A-38A

38B1--2

(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-54

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-53.9

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (20)

Genomic Clones (20)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (47)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0014127

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0014127

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Pek and Kai, 2011, Bhat et al., 1996)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene results in defects in chromosome condensation and chromosome misalignment on the metaphase spindle when assayed in S2 cells. This phenotype can be observed when the screen is performed with or without Cdc27 dsRNA.

(Goshima et al., 2007)

Inactivation of barr using RNA-mediated interference in S2 cells results in extensive defects in chromosome condensation and disrupts chromatid segregation.

(Somma et al., 2003)

barr is misexpressed in the PNS of da mutant embryos.

(Hassan and Vaessin, 1997)

Mutations in barr cause a failure of chromosomes to segregate correctly at anaphase, resulting in massive anaphase bridging. barr is not necessary for cell cycle progression out of mitosis. barr encodes a novel, conserved protein that localises throughout chromosomes during mitosis. barr protein associates with Top2 protein and affects its activity, this suggests barr protein functions in chromatid decatenation during the metaphase-anaphase transition.

(Bhat et al., 1996)

Weak alleles of barr cause sterile adults with rough eyes and few bristles that die 3-4 days after eclosion. Embryos exhibit loss of some external sensory and multidendritic neurons in the dorsal cluster and most of the chordotonal neurons in the lateral cluster. Severe alleles cause substantial loss of neurons, fasciculation defects and disruptions in the CNS longitudinal tracts.

(Bhat and Bellen, 1995)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (11)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

38B.3

(Butler, 2001, Butler et al., 2001, McGill Drosophila Genome Project, 2001.9.25)

Barr

(Pek and Kai, 2011)

Barren

(Pek and Kai, 2011, Oliveira et al., 2007, Ono et al., 2003, FBrf0192839)

CAP-H

(Hirano, 2012, Pek and Kai, 2011, Somma et al., 2008, Oliveira et al., 2005, Savvidou et al., 2005, Savvidou and Heck, 2004)

CG10726

(National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Kondo et al., 2017, Neuert et al., 2017, Çiçek et al., 2016, Hosono et al., 2015, Lin et al., 2015, Nikalayevich and Ohkura, 2015, Schertel et al., 2013, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Chen et al., 2008, Goshima et al., 2007)

CG14684

(Carter and Sjögren, 2012)

Cap-H

(Beck and Llopart, 2015, Nikalayevich and Ohkura, 2015, Herzog et al., 2013, Smith et al., 2013, Herzog et al., 2008, Longworth et al., 2008)

CapH

(Smith et al., 2013)

barren

(Edwards et al., 2006)

dCap-H

(Longworth et al., 2008)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 47 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

35287

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q9VIP9

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q9VIP9

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0014127

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

35287/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0014127

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0014127

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0014127

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Condensin complex subunit 2/barren

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG10726

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

35287

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

61258

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0014127

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0014127

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0014127

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0014127

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0014127

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG10726

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0014127

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0014127

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

35287

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

35287

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Condensation of Prometaphase Chromosomes

References (146)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

1.39

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