FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\Miro

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Miro

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Mitochondrial Rho

Annotation Symbol

CG5410

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0039140

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

10 publicly available

Gene Summary

Mitochondrial Rho (Miro) encodes an atypical GTPase and Ca[2+] sensor on the outer mitochondrial membrane that is vital for mitochondrial homeostasis and microtubule-based mitochondrial transport. It mediates linkage to kinesin and dynein motors through interactions with Milton/TRAK adaptor proteins. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

dmiro

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

95D8-95D9

Sequence location

3R:24,034,362..24,038,847 [-]

Recombination map

3-82

RefSeq locus

NT_033777 REGION:24034362..24038847

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (12 terms)

Molecular Function (5 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables calcium ion binding

inferred from direct assay

(Klosowiak et al., 2013)

enables GTP binding

inferred from direct assay

(Klosowiak et al., 2013)

enables magnesium ion binding

inferred from direct assay

(Klosowiak et al., 2013)

enables protein binding

inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q960V3-1

(Glater et al., 2006)

inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q960V3-2

(Glater et al., 2006)

inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q960V3-4

(Glater et al., 2006)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables calcium ion binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002048, InterPro:IPR021181

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

enables GTP binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001806, InterPro:IPR020860, InterPro:IPR021181

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000632671

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables GTPase activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001806, InterPro:IPR020860, InterPro:IPR021181

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000632671

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

inferred from sequence model

(Klosowiak et al., 2013)

Biological Process (6 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in anterograde axonal transport of mitochondrion

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Guo et al., 2005)

involved_in axonal transport of mitochondrion

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Tsai et al., 2017, Russo et al., 2009)

inferred from direct assay

(Zhang et al., 2025)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Liu et al., 2012)

involved_in regulation of mitochondrion organization

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Ding et al., 2016)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q8IXI2

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

involved_in mitochondrion organization

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR021181

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000633534

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in mitochondrion transport along microtubule

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001177853

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q8IXI2

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

Cellular Component (1 term)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in mitochondrial outer membrane

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000633534

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

located_in mitochondrial outer membrane

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q8IXI2

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR021181

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

RHO GTPASES

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the mitochondrial Rho GTPase family. (Q8IMX7)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)

GTPase activity
RHEA 19669:

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Gene Group (FlyBase)

RHO GTPASES -: Rho (Ras Homologous) GTPases are members of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases. They are best characterized for their roles in regulating actin organization. (Adapted from PMID:15731001).

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Mitochondrial GTPase involved in mitochondrial trafficking (PubMed:16055062, PubMed:16717129, PubMed:22396657). Forms an essential protein complex with Milt that links Khc to mitochondria for light chain-independent, anterograde transport of mitochondria (PubMed:16717129). Required for axonal transport to synapses within nerve terminals (PubMed:16055062, PubMed:22396657). Required presynaptically but not postsynaptically at neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) (PubMed:16055062). Also involved in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics by promoting drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission during high calcium conditions, and negatively regulating fission during normal conditions (PubMed:27716788).

(UniProt, Q8IMX7)

Summary (Interactive Fly)

transmembrane Rho GTPase required for controlling anterograde transport of mitochondria and their proper distribution within nerve terminals

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Miro for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q8IMX7)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.43

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

Miro-RC

FBtr0303849

NM_170114

2712

665

Miro-RD

FBtr0084595

NM_170111

2673

652

Miro-RE

FBtr0084596

NM_142948

2736

673

Miro-RF

FBtr0321262

NM_001275966

3791

673

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

Miro-PC

FBpp0292857

75.4

665

6.15

FBpp0083980

73.8

652

5.86

FBpp0083981

76.4

673

6.15

FBpp0302814

76.4

673

6.15

A0A0B4KGW0

NP_001262895

AGB96275

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

673 aa isoforms: Miro-PE, Miro-PF

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with kinesin-associated protein milt (PubMed:14605208, PubMed:16717129). Interacts with vimar (PubMed:27716788).

(UniProt, Q8IMX7)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Miro using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Miro_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

5.06

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

pole plasm

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism

• pole plasm

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

primordial germ cell

(Fisher et al., 2012)

pole plasm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

primordial germ cell

(Fisher et al., 2012)

posterior endoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

head mesoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

posterior endoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

germline cell

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

posterior midgut primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Miro in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\Miro

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\Miro

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0039140

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

42845/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0039140

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0039140

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0039140

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG5410

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0039140

Images

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

Show all FlyExpress processed images for Dmel\Miro

Stages(s) 1-3
Stages(s) 4-6
Stages(s) 7-8
Stages(s) 9-10
Stages(s) 11-12

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 9 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 30 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Miro

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Miro

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(3R)Exel6197

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Df(3R)mbc-R1

(Guo et al., 2005)

Inferred from location ( 7 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Miro^GD3124

partially lethal - majority die | larval stage | recessive

partially lethal - majority die | pupal stage | recessive

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

Miro^GD3124

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal adult locomotory behavior, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

Miro^KK102189

abnormal body size | larval stage

Miro^B682

abnormal locomotor behavior | larval stage | recessive

abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

Miro^KK102189

abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

Miro^KK102189

abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^ple.PF

Miro^UAS.cGa

abnormal neuroanatomy | wandering third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PU

Miro^{A20V.UAS.Tag:MYC}

abnormal neurophysiology

Miro^unspecified

abnormal neurophysiology | larval stage (with Df(3R)mbc-R1)

Miro^B682

abnormal neurophysiology | larval stage (with Miro^B682)

abnormal neurophysiology | larval stage (with Miro^Sd26)

Miro^B682

abnormal neurophysiology | larval stage (with Miro^Sd32)

Miro^B682

abnormal neurophysiology | larval stage | recessive

Miro^B682

abnormal phototaxis | somatic clone

decreased efficacy of long-term memory | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^c739

Miro^JF02775

decreased efficacy of long-term memory | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^VT030559

flightless, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

Miro^KK102189

increased occurrence of cell division | embryonic stage | maternal effect, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.mat.αTub67C}

some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Miro^GD3124

visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^CCAP.PU

Miro^{A20V.UAS.Tag:MYC}

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

adult brain, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PU

Miro^KK102189

adult mushroom body, with Scer\GAL4^VT030559

Miro^JF02775

axon | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^dpr1-PGaw

axon | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^GMR15B07

Miro^VSH330334

axon | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^109(2)80

axon | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^CCAP.PP

Miro^KK102189

axon | wandering third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PU

Miro^{A20V.UAS.Tag:MYC}

bouton & neuromuscular junction | larval stage

Miro^B682

bouton & neuromuscular junction | larval stage (with Miro^B682)

Miro^Sd32

bouton & neuromuscular junction | larval stage (with Miro^Sd32)

Miro^B682

dendrite, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

Miro^KK102189

dopaminergic neuron | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^ple.PF

Miro^UAS.cGa

embryonic/larval motor neuron | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ple.PF

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ple.PF

epithelium, with Scer\GAL4^Gug-AGiR

Miro^UAS.cGa

gustatory receptor neuron of the wing, with Scer\GAL4^GMR15B07

Miro^VSH330334

indirect flight muscle | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

Miro^KK102189

lamina, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

Miro^KK102189

larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaE, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

Miro^KK102189

larval glial cell, with Scer\GAL4^repo.PL, Scer\GAL4^repo

Miro^KK102189

larval multidendritic class IV neuron | wandering third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PU

Miro^{A20V.UAS.Tag:MYC}

larval multidendritic neuron, with Scer\GAL4^109(2)80

marginal nerve | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^dpr1-PGaw

microtubule & bouton

Miro^B682

midline primordium, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.mat.αTub67C}

mitochondrion

Miro^B682

mitochondrion, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PU

Miro^KK102189

mitochondrion, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

Miro^KK102189

mitochondrion, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

Miro^KK102189

mitochondrion, with Scer\GAL4^Gug-AGiR

mitochondrion, with Scer\GAL4^repo.PL, Scer\GAL4^repo

Miro^KK102189

mitochondrion & motor neuron | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^RapGAP1-OK6

Miro^UAS.Tag:MYC

mitochondrion & motor neuron | larval stage (with Miro^B682)

Miro^Sd32

mitochondrion & motor neuron | larval stage (with Miro^Sd32)

Miro^B682

mitochondrion & neuromuscular junction | supernumerary | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

Miro^UAS.cGa

mitochondrion & neuron | larval stage

Miro^B682

mitochondrion & neuron | larval stage (with Miro^B682)

mitochondrion & neuron | larval stage (with Miro^Sd23)

Miro^B682

mitochondrion & neuron | larval stage (with Miro^Sd26)

Miro^B682

mitochondrion & neuron | larval stage (with Miro^Sd32)

Miro^B682

mitochondrion & somatic muscle | larval stage

Miro^B682

mitochondrion | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^dpr1-PGaw

mitochondrion | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^GMR15B07

Miro^VSH330334

mitochondrion | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

Miro^KK102189

mitochondrion | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^ple.PF

Miro^UAS.cGa

mitochondrion | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^VT030559

Miro^JF02775

mitochondrion | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^109(2)80

mitochondrion | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ple.PF

neuron

Miro^Sd32

neuronal cell body | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^109(2)80

Miro^UAS.cGa

peripodial epithelium, with Scer\GAL4^Gug-AGiR

Miro^KK102189

photoreceptor neuron, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

Miro^KK102189

somatic muscle cell | larval stage

Miro^B682

wing, with Scer\GAL4^CCAP.PU

Miro^{A20V.UAS.Tag:MYC}

wing disc, with Scer\GAL4^Gug-AGiR

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (3)

Hsap\RHOT1

13 of 14

Yes

Hsap\RHOT2

12 of 14

Yes

Hsap\RASD2

1 of 14

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (2)

Rnor\Rhot1

13 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Rhot2

12 of 14

Yes

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (2)

Mmus\Rhot1

12 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Rhot2

12 of 14

Yes

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (3)

Xtro\rhot2

10 of 13

Yes

Xtro\rhot1

8 of 13

Yes

Xtro\plcg2

1 of 13

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (4)

Drer\rhot1a

12 of 14

Yes

Drer\rhot2

12 of 14

Yes

Drer\rhot1b

11 of 14

Yes

Drer\rnd2

1 of 14

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (3)

Cele\miro-1

14 of 14

Yes

Cele\miro-2

1 of 14

Yes

Cele\ssr-2

1 of 14

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (4)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP007998

12 of 12

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP000841

1 of 12

Agam\AgaP_AGAP001573

1 of 12

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011306

1 of 12

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (4)

Atha\MIRO2

13 of 13

Yes

Atha\MIRO1

12 of 13

Yes

Atha\MIRO3

12 of 13

Yes

Atha\RABA5b

1 of 13

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (3)

Scer\GEM1

12 of 13

Yes

Scer\RHO5

1 of 13

Scer\YPT52

1 of 13

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)

Spom\SPCC320.04c

11 of 12

Yes

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Miro. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (10)

Cdc42

2 of 13

Mtl

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Parkinson-like model, RHOT/Miro-related

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 7 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Miro^B682

model of neurodegenerative disease

CEA

(Vagnoni et al., 2016)

Miro^Sd26

model of Parkinson's disease

CEA with Miro^Sd32

(Tsai et al., 2014)

Miro^UAS.cGa

model of neurodegenerative disease

CEA

(Vagnoni et al., 2016)

Miro^UAS.Tag:MYC

model of Parkinson's disease

CEA

(Lee et al., 2018)

Miro^Sd32

model of Parkinson's disease

CEA with Miro^Sd26

(Tsai et al., 2014)

Miro^{S66E.UAS.Tag:MYC}

model of Parkinson's disease

CEA

(Lee et al., 2018)

Miro^{PR.UAS.Tag:T7}

model of Parkinson's disease

CEA

(Tsai et al., 2014)

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 8 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Miro^UAS.cGa

exacerbates Parkinson's disease

modeled by Pink1^B9

(Liu et al., 2012)

exacerbates neuromuscular disease

modeled by Hsap\TRPV4^{R269C.UAS.BID}

(Woolums et al., 2020)

ameliorates Alzheimer's disease 1

modeled by Hsap\APP^{Aβ42.E693G.UAS.VTR}

(Panchal and Tiwari, 2020)

modeled by Hsap\APP^{C99.UAS.Exel.Tag:MYC}

(Panchal and Tiwari, 2020)

ameliorates tauopathy

modeled by Hsap\MAPT^UAS.wt

(Panchal and Tiwari, 2020)

Miro^UAS.Tag:MYC

exacerbates Parkinson's disease 6

modeled by Pink1^B9

(Lee et al., 2018)

model of Parkinson's disease

is ameliorated by MCU^HMS01927

(Lee et al., 2018)

is ameliorated by Marf^RNAi.cUa.UAS

(Lee et al., 2018)

is ameliorated by polo^GD7563

(Lee et al., 2018)

is ameliorated by polo^S025604

(Lee et al., 2018)

is ameliorated by porin^JF03251

(Lee et al., 2018)

is ameliorated by Itpr^JF01957

(Lee et al., 2018)

is ameliorated by Marf^RNAi.UAS.cUa

(Lee et al., 2018)

exacerbates Parkinson's disease 8

modeled by Hsap\LRRK2^{G2019S.UAS.cUa}

(Lee et al., 2018)

Miro^Sd32

exacerbates Parkinson's disease

modeled by Hsap\APP^{Aβ42.UAS.Tag:SS(rPENK)}

(Iijima-Ando et al., 2009)

Miro^KK102189

ameliorates Parkinson's disease

modeled by Pink1^B9

(Liu et al., 2012)

ameliorates Parkinson's disease 6

modeled by Pink1^B9

(Lee et al., 2018)

ameliorates Parkinson's disease 8

modeled by Hsap\LRRK2^{G2019S.UAS.cUa}

(Lee et al., 2018)

modeled by Hsap\LRRK2^{G2019S.UAS.cLa.Tag:FLAG}

(Hsieh et al., 2016)

ameliorates Parkinson's disease 1

modeled by Hsap\SNCA^A53T.UAS.cUa

(Shaltouki et al., 2018)

Miro^JF02775

ameliorates Parkinson's disease

modeled by Pink1^B9

(Liu et al., 2012)

exacerbates frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 2

modeled by Chchd2^S81L.UAS

(Baek et al., 2021)

Miro^GL01583

exacerbates tauopathy

modeled by Hsap\MAPT^UAS.wt

(Panchal and Tiwari, 2020)

Miro^UAS.Tag:T7

ameliorates frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 6

modeled by TER94^RNAi.CDS.UAS

(Gonzalez and Wang, 2020)

Miro^{A20V.UAS.Tag:MYC}

exacerbates neuromuscular disease

modeled by Hsap\TRPV4^{R269C.UAS.BID}

(Woolums et al., 2020)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

RHOT1; ras homolog family member T1

13 of 14

613888

RHOT2; ras homolog family member T2

12 of 14

613889

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

Miro - Marf

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Lee et al., 2016)

Miro - milt

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Mattedi et al., 2023, Glater et al., 2006)

Miro - polo

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Lee et al., 2016)

Miro - porin

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Lee et al., 2016)

Miro - vimar

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Ding et al., 2016)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Pect

suppressible

Miro|Pisd

(Zhao and Wang, 2020)

suppressible

(Liu et al., 2012)

enhanceable

(Liu et al., 2012)

suppressible

(Wu et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Wu et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Nemtsova et al., 2023)

αCOP

suppressible

Miro

(Maddison et al., 2023)

α-Spec

suppressible

Miro

(Keller et al., 2011)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with kinesin-associated protein milt (PubMed:14605208, PubMed:16717129). Interacts with vimar (PubMed:27716788).

(UniProt, Q8IMX7 )

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

67780

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0039140

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

42845

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

42845

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-82

Cytogenetic map

95D8-95D9

Sequence location

3R:24,034,362..24,038,847 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

95D8-95D9

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)04684⁰⁴⁶⁸⁴ and P{PZ}Atg6⁰⁰⁰⁹⁶

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-82

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-82.5

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (10)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

51646

w^*; P{UAS-Miro.G}2

30172

w¹¹¹⁸; P{EP}Miro^G6613

606822

y¹ w^*; P{UAS-Miro.Myc}A

52003

Miro^B682/TM6C, Tb¹ Sb¹

95252

w^*; Miro^Sd32/TM3, Sb¹ Ser¹

27695

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF02775}attP2/TM3, Sb¹

43973

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.GL01583}attP2

5410R-3

v330334

v106683

Genomic Clones (21)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (141)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

IP02778

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0039140

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0039140

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Babic et al., 2015, Tsai et al., 2014)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

Miro binds to milt and can affect its association with mitochondria.

(Glater et al., 2006)

Miro mutant larvae exhibit severe defects in locomotion and die prematurely. Mitochondria accumulate abnormally in parallel rows in the neuronal cell body. Mutant motor nerve terminals lack mitochondria though not synaptic vesicles and cannot sustain neurotransmitter release during prolonged activity. They also lack microtubule loops and exhibit an abnormal structure: synaptic boutons are typically subdivided into numerous small synapse-bearing sub-compartments, which is likely a consequence of destabilized microtubules.

(Macleod et al., 2005)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: Miro CG5410

(Macleod, 2005.3.7)

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (12)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

B682

(Guo et al., 2005)

CG5410

(Meadows, 2017.1.11, Aradska et al., 2015, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Yi et al., 2007, Szuperak et al., 2005, Colicelli, 2004)

DMiro

(Hsieh et al., 2019, Tsai et al., 2017, Hsieh et al., 2016)

DmMiro

(Fransson et al., 2003)

Miro

(Avellaneda et al., 2025, Ogienko et al., 2025, Zhang et al., 2025, Peng et al., 2024, Vedelek et al., 2024, Maddison et al., 2023, Nemtsova et al., 2023, Riemondy et al., 2023, Xiong et al., 2023, Erekat, 2022, Katti et al., 2022, Rahul and Siddique, 2022, Baek et al., 2021, Du et al., 2021, Shadrina and Slominsky, 2021, Gonzalez and Wang, 2020, Imai, 2020, Kanellopoulos et al., 2020, Panchal and Tiwari, 2020, Weiner et al., 2020, Xu et al., 2020, Ge et al., 2019, Tsakiri et al., 2019, Ding et al., 2018, Shaltouki et al., 2018, Chen et al., 2016, Ding et al., 2016, Melkov et al., 2016, Vagnoni et al., 2016, Gehrke et al., 2015, Shiba-Fukushima et al., 2014, Wu et al., 2013, Bossing et al., 2012, Guo, 2012, Iijima-Ando et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Liu et al., 2012, Saxton and Hollenbeck, 2012, Russo et al., 2009, Mast et al., 2008)

Q8IMX7-1

(Rojas et al., 2012)

Q8IMX7-2

(Rojas et al., 2012)

dMiro

(Lee et al., 2018, Lee et al., 2016, Tsai et al., 2014, Fabian and Brill, 2012, Liu et al., 2012, Russo et al., 2009, Yi et al., 2007, Macleod et al., 2005)

dmiro

(Gupta et al., 2022, Babic et al., 2015, Tao and Rolls, 2011, Chouhan et al., 2010, Klose et al., 2009, Russo et al., 2009, Guo et al., 2005, Hollenbeck, 2005)

miro

(Li et al., 2023, Mattedi et al., 2023, Woolums et al., 2020, Sênos Demarco et al., 2019, Duboff et al., 2012, Schmidt et al., 2012, Keller et al., 2011, Dickman and Davis, 2009, Iijima-Ando et al., 2009, Korey, 2007, Glater et al., 2006, McBride et al., 2006, Guo et al., 2005)

Name Synonyms

Mitochondrial Rho

(Fransson et al., 2003)

mitochondrial Rho-GTPase

(Klose et al., 2009)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 61 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

42845

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q8IMX7

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q8IMX7

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q8IMX7

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0039140

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

42845/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0039140

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0039140

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0039140

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG5410

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

42845

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

67780

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0039140

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0039140

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0039140

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Miro_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0039140

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0039140

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG5410

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0039140

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC012343

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

42845

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

42845

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

References (112)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

5.06

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