FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\tgo

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\tgo

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

tango

Annotation Symbol

CG11987

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0264075

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

17 publicly available

Gene Summary

Heterodimers of tgo/trh are involved in the control of breathless expression. Plays a role in the cellular or tissue response to oxygen deprivation. (UniProt, O15945)

Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.

All Summaries

Alliance
Auto summary
Pathway
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

dARNT, ARNT, HIF-1, jaywalker, Hif1

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

85C2-85C2

Sequence location

3R:9,016,773..9,020,022 [-]

Recombination map

3-48

RefSeq locus

NT_033777 REGION:9016773..9020022

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (28 terms)

Molecular Function (8 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific

inferred from direct assay

(Dekanty et al., 2005)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:sim; FB:FBgn0004666

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:trh; FB:FBgn0262139

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific

inferred from direct assay

(Kozu et al., 2006)

enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity

inferred from direct assay

(Ooe et al., 2007)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:trh; FB:FBgn0262139

(Morozova et al., 2010, Jiang and Crews, 2007)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:sim; FB:FBgn0004666

(Jiang and Crews, 2007)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:dysf; FB:FBgn0290398

(Jiang and Crews, 2007)

enables myosin binding

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Myo10A; FB:FBgn0263705

(Liu et al., 2008)

enables protein heterodimerization activity

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:sim; FB:FBgn0004666

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:sima; FB:FBgn0266411

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:ss; FB:FBgn0003513

(Kozu et al., 2006)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:dysf; FB:FBgn0290398

(Ooe et al., 2007)

enables sequence-specific DNA binding

inferred from direct assay

(Jiang and Crews, 2007, Ooe et al., 2007, Kozu et al., 2006)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000548496

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001067

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

enables protein dimerization activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR011598, InterPro:IPR036638

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000548496

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Biological Process (14 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (14 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in appendage development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Tajiri et al., 2007)

involved_in brain development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Umetsu et al., 2006)

involved_in cellular response to hypoxia

inferred from direct assay

(Dekanty et al., 2005)

involved_in cellular response to insulin stimulus

inferred from direct assay

(Dekanty et al., 2005)

involved_in central nervous system development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hummel et al., 1999)

involved_in glial cell migration

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Schmidt et al., 2011)

involved_in imaginal disc-derived leg joint morphogenesis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Córdoba and Estella, 2014)

involved_in insulin receptor signaling pathway

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Dekanty et al., 2005)

involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kozu et al., 2006)

involved_in oogenesis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Doronkin et al., 2010)

involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Morozova et al., 2010, Dekanty et al., 2005)

inferred from direct assay

(Ooe et al., 2007)

involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription

inferred from direct assay

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

involved_in regulation of R7 cell differentiation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Thanawala et al., 2013)

involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II

inferred from direct assay

(Jiang and Crews, 2007)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001067, InterPro:IPR013767

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000548496

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Cellular Component (6 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in nucleus

inferred from direct assay

(Jiang and Crews, 2007, Jiang and Crews, 2003)

part_of protein-containing complex

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:dysf; FB:FBgn0290398

(Ooe et al., 2007)

part_of RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Dekanty et al., 2005)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

part_of aryl hydrocarbon receptor complex

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000548496

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

located_in cytoplasm

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001067

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

is_active_in nucleus

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000548496

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

located_in nucleus

inferred by curator from GO:0003700,GO:0043565

(Ooe et al., 2007)

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001067

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

part_of transcription regulator complex

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001067

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS

HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR

Pathway (FlyBase)

INSULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR SIGNALING PATHWAY CORE COMPONENTS

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Group (FlyBase)

BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS -: Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors are sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins that regulate transcription. They are characterized by a 60 amino acid region comprising a basic DNA binding domain followed by a HLH motif formed from two amphipathic α-helices connected by a loop. bHLH transcription factors form homo- and hetero-dimeric complexes, which bind to a E box consensus sequence. (Adapted from PMID:15186484).
HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR -: Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) mediates hypoxia-dependent transcription. It is a heterodimeric basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor complex composed of a constitutively expressed HIF-β subunit and an oxygen-regulated HIF-α subunit. (Adapted from FBrf0190953).

Pathway (FlyBase)

INSULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR SIGNALING PATHWAY CORE COMPONENTS -: The Insulin-like Receptor (IR) signaling pathway in Drosophila is initiated by the binding of an insulin-like peptides to the Insulin-like receptor (InR). (Adapted from FBrf0232297, FBrf0230017 and FBrf0229989.)

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Heterodimers of tgo/trh are involved in the control of breathless expression. Plays a role in the cellular or tissue response to oxygen deprivation.

(UniProt, O15945)

Summary (Interactive Fly)

Myc-type, helix loop helix and PAS family protein - Tango heterodimerizes with two transcription factors, Trachealess and Single minded, to regulate transcription in the trachea and central midline, respectively

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\tgo for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry O15945)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.48

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

tgo-RA

FBtr0082005

NM_169254

3108

642

tgo-RB

FBtr0336755

NM_001275468

2634

642

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

2.355 (longest cDNA)

(Ohshiro and Saigo, 1997)

2.620 (longest cDNA)

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

3.079 (longest cDNA)

(Zelzer et al., 1997)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

tgo-PA

FBpp0081483

71.5

642

7.02

FBpp0307731

71.5

642

7.02

O15945

NP_001262397

AGB95779

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

642 aa isoforms: tgo-PA, tgo-PB

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

642 (aa)

(Ohshiro and Saigo, 1997)

644 (aa)

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

631 (aa)

(Zelzer et al., 1997)

Comments

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein. Heterodimer with ahr, trh or sim.

(UniProt, O15945)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\tgo using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

tgo_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.76

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

organism | ubiquitous

(Zelzer et al., 1997)

embryonic gnathal segment

(Emmons et al., 1999)

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 1 -- 5

organism | ubiquitous | uniform

(Ohshiro and Saigo, 1997)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9

organism | ubiquitous

(Ohshiro and Saigo, 1997)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 10 -- 11

embryonic/larval tracheal section

(Chung et al., 2011)

embryonic stage 11

tracheal pit

(Ohshiro and Saigo, 1997)

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

tracheal primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

Bolwig organ

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic brain

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic head epidermis

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic head sensory system

(Fisher et al., 2012)

larval nervous system

(Fisher et al., 2012)

larval ventral nerve cord

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 14

embryonic mandibular segment

(Emmons et al., 1999)

embryonic maxillary segment

(Emmons et al., 1999)

embryonic antennal segment

(Emmons et al., 1999)

embryonic labial segment

(Emmons et al., 1999)

presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system

(Ohshiro and Saigo, 1997)

embryonic stage 15

presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system

(Emmons et al., 1999)

ventral thoracic disc primordium

(Emmons et al., 1999)

microinjection

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

oogenesis

(Frigerio et al., 1986)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 14

Comment: reference states transcript expressed up to 8-12 hr AEL

(Frigerio et al., 1986)

RT-PCR

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

larval glial cell

(Schmidt et al., 2011)

Additional Descriptive Data

In addition to the midline and tracheal expression, tgo is expressed in the antennal segment, the gnathal segments, the leg anlage, and the PNS in embryos.

(Emmons et al., 1999)

tgo is ubiquitously distributed in early embryos. Strong signals are transiently detected in tracheal pits at stage 11. Later, strong expression is observed in the CNS.

(Ohshiro and Saigo, 1997)

tgo is ubiquitously expressed during embryogenesis. Elevated levels were observed in tracheal placodes and tracheal pits.

(Zelzer et al., 1997)

tgo expression was detected in oocytes and embyros up to 8-12 hr of development.

(Frigerio et al., 1986)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

embryonic/larval posterior spiracle

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

larval ventral nerve cord

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

supraesophageal ganglion

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

organism | ubiquitous

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

embryonic stage 11

tracheal pit | surrounding

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

embryonic stage 11 -- 17

larval tracheal system

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

embryonic stage 14

embryonic mandibular segment

(Emmons et al., 1999)

embryonic labial segment

(Emmons et al., 1999)

embryonic antennal segment

(Emmons et al., 1999)

embryonic maxillary segment

(Emmons et al., 1999)

embryonic stage 15

larval tracheal system

(Emmons et al., 1999)

dorsal vessel primordium

(Emmons et al., 1999)

presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system

(Emmons et al., 1999)

embryonic stage 16

PNS glial cell

(Schmidt et al., 2011)

embryonic/larval tracheal section

(Schmidt et al., 2011)

Additional Descriptive Data

In embryos, in addition to the midline and tracheal expression, tgo is expressed in the antennal segment, the gnathal segments, the leg anlage, the PNS, and the dorsal vessel.

(Emmons et al., 1999)

tgo is uniformly distributed in preblastoderm embryos. During the extended germ band stage, tgo protein is found in all three germ layers. Enhanced levels of tgo protein are found around the forming tracheal pits. Enhanced levels of tgo protein continue to be observed in tracheal cells including the posterior spiracles from stage 11 to 17. Enhanced levels are also observed in the supraoesophageal ganglion and the ventral nerve cord.

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in nucleus

inferred from direct assay

(Jiang and Crews, 2007, Jiang and Crews, 2003)

part_of protein-containing complex

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:dysf; FB:FBgn0290398

(Ooe et al., 2007)

part_of RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Dekanty et al., 2005)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

Reporter: M{tgo-nGFP.prom}

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

eye photoreceptor cell

(Thanawala et al., 2013)

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\tgo in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\tgo

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\tgo

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0264075

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

41084/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0264075

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0015014

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0264075

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG11987

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 19 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 21 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of tgo

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of tgo

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(3R)Exel6258

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Df(3R)p-XT9

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

Inferred from location ( 6 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal | male limited, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

tgo^{UAS.ORF.GW.Tag:HA}

lethal | male limited | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

tgo^{UAS.ORF.GW.Tag:HA}

lethal | recessive

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

tgo^GD4497

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

tgo^GD4497

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

tgo^GD4497

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

tgo^GD4497

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal cell migration

abnormal cell migration, with Scer\GAL4^loco.1.3

tgo^DN.UAS

abnormal cell migration | oogenesis stage S9 | somatic clone

tgo¹

abnormal cell migration | oogenesis stage S10 | somatic clone

tgo¹

abnormal neuroanatomy

abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

tgo^Δc.UAS

abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4^loco.1.3

tgo^DN.UAS

abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4^NP6099

tgo^DN.UAS

abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4^sim.P3.7

tgo^Δc.UAS

increased occurrence of cell division | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^NP0001

tgo^NIG.11987R

short lived, with Scer\GAL4^NP0001

tgo^NIG.11987R

visible, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

tgo^GD4497

visible | female limited, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

tgo^{UAS.ORF.GW.Tag:HA}

visible | female limited | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

tgo^{UAS.ORF.GW.Tag:HA}

visible | recessive | somatic clone

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

adult midgut, with Scer\GAL4^NP0001

tgo^NIG.11987R

antenna, with Scer\GAL4^Dll-em212

tgo^RNAi.UAS.cAa

antenna | somatic clone

arista | somatic clone

axon

tgo¹

basal cylinder | somatic clone

border follicle cell | oogenesis stage S9 | somatic clone

tgo¹

border follicle cell | oogenesis stage S10 | somatic clone

tgo¹

dorsal tracheal branch primordium

tgo³

exit glial cell

exit glial cell, with Scer\GAL4^loco.1.3

tgo^DN.UAS

ganglionic tracheal branch primordium

tgo³

glial cell, with Scer\GAL4^loco.1.3

tgo^DN.UAS

lamina forming neuroblast, with Scer\GAL4^NP6099

tgo^DN.UAS

larval brain, with Scer\GAL4^NP6099

tgo^DN.UAS

larval intersegmental nerve

larval longitudinal connective

larval longitudinal connective, with Scer\GAL4^sim.P3.7

tgo^Δc.UAS

larval segmental nerve

larval tracheal system

tgo¹

larval tracheal system, with Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

tgo^DN.UAS

larval VUM neuron

tgo¹

leg, with Scer\GAL4^Dll-em212

tgo^RNAi.UAS.cTa

leg | distal | somatic clone

leg | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^Dll-em212

tgo^RNAi.UAS.cAa

leg joint, with Scer\GAL4^GMR13D07

tgo^GD4497

macrochaeta | somatic clone

maxillary palp | somatic clone

midline glial cell

midline glial cell, with Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

tgo^Δc.UAS

neuroblast MNB

tgo¹

peripheral nervous system

presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system

tgo^unspecified

presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system

pretarsus | somatic clone

tgo¹

subperineurial glial cell

symmetrical commissure

tgo^unspecified

symmetrical commissure, with Scer\GAL4^sim.P3.7

tgo^Δc.UAS

tarsal segment 2 | somatic clone

tgo⁵

tarsal segment 3 | somatic clone

tgo⁵

tarsal segment 4, with Scer\GAL4^Dll-em212

tgo^RNAi.UAS.cTa

tarsal segment 4 | somatic clone

tarsal segment 5, with Scer\GAL4^Dll-em212

tgo^RNAi.UAS.cTa

tarsal segment, with Scer\GAL4^GMR13D07

tgo^GD4497

tarsal segment | somatic clone

tgo¹

third segment of antenna | distal | somatic clone

tracheal dorsal trunk primordium

tgo³

tracheal system, with Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

tgo^Δc.UAS

tracheal transverse connective primordium

tgo³

trichogen cell, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

tgo^GD4497

unguis | ectopic | somatic clone

wing | female limited, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

tgo^{UAS.ORF.GW.Tag:HA}

wing | female limited | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

tgo^{UAS.ORF.GW.Tag:HA}

wing | somatic clone

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (31)

Hsap\ARNT2

12 of 14

Yes

Hsap\ARNT

12 of 14

Yes

5 of 14

5 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (25)

Rnor\Arnt2

12 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Arnt

12 of 14

Yes

5 of 14

4 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (26)

Mmus\Arnt2

12 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Arnt

11 of 14

Yes

5 of 14

5 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (24)

Xtro\arnt

9 of 13

Yes

Xtro\htr2b

8 of 13

Yes

Xtro\arnt2

7 of 13

Yes

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\dnajc27

1 of 13

Xtro\ftcd

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\sim1

1 of 13

Xtro\usf3

1 of 13

Yes

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (37)

Drer\arnt

12 of 14

Yes

Drer\arnt2

11 of 14

Yes

5 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (5)

Cele\aha-1

12 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (20)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP009748

11 of 12

Yes

4 of 12

4 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

Yes

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (6)

Atha\AT1G68920

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT2G41130

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT3G56770

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT5G48560

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\CIB5

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\HBI1

1 of 13

Yes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)

Scer\CBF1

2 of 13

Yes

Scer\RTG3

1 of 13

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)

Spom\SPAC3F10.12c

1 of 12

Yes

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:tgo. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (13)

cyc

6 of 13

gce

4 of 13

Met

4 of 13

Clk

3 of 13

cwo

1 of 13

dysf

1 of 13

Hey

1 of 13

per

1 of 13

sima

1 of 13

sim

1 of 13

tai

1 of 13

trh

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

tgo^JF02302

ameliorates acute myeloid leukemia

modeled by Hsap\KRAS^G12V.UAS

(Zhu et al., 2022)

tgo^GL01042

ameliorates acute myeloid leukemia

modeled by Hsap\KRAS^G12V.UAS

(Zhu et al., 2022)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

ARNT2; aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator 2

12 of 14

606036

WEBB-DATTANI SYNDROME; WEDAS

ARNT; aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator

12 of 14

126110

BMAL2; basic helix-loop-helix ARNT like 2

5 of 14

614517

BMAL1; basic helix-loop-helix ARNT like 1

5 of 14

602550

NPAS2; neuronal PAS domain protein 2

3 of 14

603347

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

tgo - Ada2b

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Weake et al., 2011)

tgo - Irbp18

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

tgo - Myo10A

two hybrid

(Liu et al., 2008)

tgo - Ubx

bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy

(Bischof et al., 2018)

tgo - abd-A

bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy

(Bischof et al., 2018)

tgo - dysf

pull down, western blot, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy, two hybrid array, autoradiography

(Shokri et al., 2019, Jiang and Crews, 2007, Ooe et al., 2007)

tgo - mbf1

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

tgo - sim

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, experimental knowledge based, two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019, Rhee et al., 2014, Guruharsha et al., 2011, Emmons et al., 1999, Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

tgo - sima

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, two hybrid

(Romero et al., 2008, Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

tgo - ss

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, two hybrid

(Céspedes et al., 2010, Kudo et al., 2009, Emmons et al., 1999)

tgo - toy

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

tgo - trh

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, two hybrid, two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019, Sonnenfeld et al., 2010, Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

tgo

suppressible

sim

(Umetsu et al., 2006)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

jing

enhanceable

tgo

(Sedaghat et al., 2002)

piwi

suppressible

tgo

(Smulders-Srinivasan and Lin, 2003)

sim|jing

enhanceable

tgo

(Sedaghat et al., 2002)

suppressible

tgo

(Adachi-Yamada et al., 2005)

trh|jing

enhanceable

tgo

(Sedaghat et al., 2002)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein. Heterodimer with ahr, trh or sim.

(UniProt, O15945 )

Linkouts

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0264075

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

41084

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

41084

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

INSULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR SIGNALING PATHWAY CORE COMPONENTS

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Efferocytosis

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.

O15945

Class of Gene

gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-48

Cytogenetic map

85C2-85C2

Sequence location

3R:9,016,773..9,020,022 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

85C2-85C2

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(3)L4740^L4740 and P{EP}D1^EP473

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

Located on 3R.

(Salzberg et al., 1994)

85C-85C

(Sonnenfeld, 1997.8.21)

86D1-86D8

(Ma, 1999.5.26)

85C1-85D2

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Frigerio et al., 1986)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-48

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-45.8

(Comeron et al., 2012)

3-44 +/- 2

(Hummel et al., 1999)

(Salzberg et al., 1994)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (17)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

9583

w^*; P{UAS-tgo.W}2

9589

P{neoFRT}82B tgo⁵/TM1

26740

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF02302}attP2

38928

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.GL01042}attP2

92383

y¹ w^*; PBac{tgo-GFP.FPTB}VK00037

77068

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TKO.GS00856}attP40

FlyORF

F003297

M{UAS-tgo.ORF-CC}ZH-21F

F000153

M{UAS-tgo.ORF.3xHA.GW}ZH-86Fb

11987R-1

11987R-3

v330021

v10735

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD4497}v10735

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (15)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (59)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

LD32037

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0264075

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

monoclonal

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research

Tango

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

New stable cell line derived from S2-unspecified : 75 stable S2 cell lines containing a library of intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) fluorescently tagged with mNeonGreen were constructed. In addition, stable S2 cell lines expressing the following full-length transcription factors were generated: da, rib, CG10321, CG13287, tgo, Spps, CG31510, brk, and disco.
(Hannon and Eisen, 2024)

Other Comments

tgo has a cell-autonomous function in the peripheral glia.

(Schmidt et al., 2011)

dsRNA has been made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene. RNAi of tgo results in reduced arborization of ddaD and ddaE neurons, defects in muscle, alterations in the number of MD neurons, defects in dendrite morphogenesis. However, RNAi causes no obvious defects in da dendrite development.

(Parrish et al., 2006)

ss and tgo proteins interact to control antennal and tarsal development.

(Emmons et al., 1999)

Two EMS induced alleles were identified in a screen for mutations affecting commissure formation in the CNS of the embryo.

(Hummel et al., 1999)

Nuclear localisation of the tgo protein is dependent on the presence of either sim or trh protein, and nuclear entry of sim or trh protein requires interaction with tgo protein.

(Ward et al., 1998)

tgo has been cloned and sequenced. Isolated form an embryonic cDNA library using a human hARNT cDNA as a probe.

(Ohshiro and Saigo, 1997)

btl expression in the developing trachea is regulated by direct interactions between trh/tgo heterodimers and three central midline elements located in the btl minimum enhancer.

(Ohshiro and Saigo, 1997)

sim and trh activate transcription by forming dimers with the tgo protein. Gene dosage studies reveal in vivo interactions between sim and tgo, and trh and tgo. The interacting proteins in vivo control CNS midline and tracheal transcription and development. tgo protein is found broadly distributed throughout embryogenesis, although certain cell types, including trachea and the CNS have enhanced levels.

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

Mutants cause CNS and tracheal defects.

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

Mutation in jay affects neuronal connections, affecting pathway finding.

(Salzberg et al., 1994)

jay is required for PNS development in the embryo.

(Salzberg et al., 1994)

Identified on the basis of similarity to a 600bp prd cDNA fragment which codes for the last 205 amino acids of prd.

(Frigerio et al., 1986)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: tgo jay

(Schmidt et al., 2011)

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (30)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

ARNT

(Driscoll and Gerstbrein, 2003, Hendricks, 2003, Ma, 1999.5.26, van Gelder and Krasnow, 1996, Crews et al., 1995)

Arnt

(Hirayama and Sassone-Corsi, 2005, Ashok et al., 1998, Feyereisen, 1998)

CG11987

(El Fissi et al., 2024, Ibaraki et al., 2021, Meadows, 2017.1.11, Hosono et al., 2015, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Perkins et al., 2009.3.31, Liu et al., 2008, Stevens et al., 2008, Stevens et al., 2008)

DARNT

(Zelzer and Shilo, 2000, Bacon et al., 1998, Shilo et al., 1997, Zelzer et al., 1997)

HIF-1

(Lee et al., 2008, Baird et al., 2006)

HIF-1b

(Texada et al., 2020)

HIF-1β

(Driscoll and Gerstbrein, 2003)

HIF1

(Golubev et al., 2022, Shaposhnikov et al., 2021)

HIF1B

(Villanueva-Cañas et al., 2019)

HIF1B/ARNT

(Perez-Perri et al., 2016)

HIF1b

Hif1

(Golubev et al., 2022, Shaw et al., 2002)

TGO

(Haberman et al., 2001)

TGO_CYC

(Blatti et al., 2015)

Tango

(Millet-Boureima et al., 2021, Zhang et al., 2021, Abla et al., 2020, Mandilaras et al., 2013, Crews and Fan, 1999)

Tgo

(Serebrovska et al., 2025, Zhao et al., 2023, Bischof et al., 2018, Hong et al., 2013, Johnston, 2013, Thanawala et al., 2013, Morozova et al., 2010, Sonnenfeld et al., 2010, Chung et al., 2009, Romero et al., 2008, Dekanty et al., 2007, Mortimer and Moberg, 2007, Ooe et al., 2007, Reig et al., 2007, Jiang and Crews, 2006, Parrish et al., 2006, Umetsu et al., 2006, Jiang and Crews, 2003, Michaud and Tanguay, 2003)

arnt

(Zelzer, 1997.7.25)

bHLHe4

(Stevens et al., 2008)

dARNT

(Weiss et al., 2010, Umetsu et al., 2006, Wolf et al., 2001, Darlington et al., 1998, Hahn, 1998, Ohshiro, 1997.4.1, Ohshiro and Saigo, 1997)

dHIF-1β

(van Uden et al., 2011)

dTgo

(Ooe et al., 2007)

darnt

(Sonnenfeld et al., 1997)

jay

prd7

tango

(Coutinho-Budd and Freeman, 2013)

tgo

(Alizada et al., 2025, Lawson et al., 2025, Proshkina et al., 2025, Li et al., 2024, Ding et al., 2022, Ibaraki et al., 2021, D'Ignazio et al., 2020, Lovato et al., 2019, Shokri et al., 2019, Bischof et al., 2018, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Baëza et al., 2015, Schertel et al., 2015, Van Bortle et al., 2015, Córdoba and Estella, 2014, Rogers et al., 2014, Thanawala et al., 2013, Zhou and Haddad, 2013, Gurudatta et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Chung et al., 2011, Friedman et al., 2011, Mukherjee et al., 2011, Schmidt et al., 2011, Weake et al., 2011, Céspedes et al., 2010, Doronkin et al., 2010, Morozova et al., 2010, Sonnenfeld et al., 2010, Harvey et al., 2008, Choi et al., 2007, Jiang and Crews, 2007, Tajiri et al., 2007, Weiler, 2007, Crews and Brenman, 2006, Kim et al., 2006, Dekanty et al., 2005, Stanyon et al., 2004)

tgo/Arnt

(Kučerová et al., 2016)

Name Synonyms

PRD gene 7

(Frigerio et al., 1986)

Tango

(Girard et al., 2021, Habib et al., 2021, Perez-Perri et al., 2016, Bandarra et al., 2015, Hong et al., 2013, Thanawala et al., 2013, Fulkerson and Estes, 2011, Dekanty et al., 2010, Morozova et al., 2010, Sonnenfeld et al., 2010, Kudo et al., 2009, Romero et al., 2008, Choi et al., 2007, Dekanty et al., 2007, Mortimer and Moberg, 2007, Reig et al., 2007, Michaud and Tanguay, 2003)

jaywalker

(Hummel et al., 1999, Salzberg et al., 1994)

paired-like 7

tango

(Campbell et al., 2024, Earl et al., 2020, Bandarra et al., 2015, Wang et al., 2015, Villar et al., 2014, Mandilaras et al., 2013, Sansone and Blumenthal, 2013, Zhou and Haddad, 2013, Kim et al., 2012, Harrison and Haddad, 2011, Schmidt et al., 2011, van Uden et al., 2011, Doronkin et al., 2010, Harvey et al., 2008, Liu et al., 2008, Tajiri et al., 2007, Weiler, 2007, Kozu et al., 2006, Dekanty et al., 2005)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0015014
FBgn0003147
FBgn0011605

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 58 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

41084

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

O15945

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

O15945

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

A0A0B4KFJ2

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

O15945

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0264075

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

41084/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0264075

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0264075

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG11987

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

41084

Linkouts

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0264075

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0264075

Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research

Tango

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

tgo_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0015014

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0264075

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG11987

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0264075

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC031479

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Efferocytosis

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

41084

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

41084

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.

SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.

O15945

References (199)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

-0.76

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