FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\sra
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\sra
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
sarah
Annotation Symbol
CG6072
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0086370
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
19 publicly available
Gene Summary
Required for elongation of meiosis I spindle. Critical for ovulation, meiotic progression in oocytes and female courtship behavior, including their postmating changes. Regulates female meiosis by controlling calcineurin activity in the germline. Has a role in calcium signaling during egg activation; bcd mRNA polyadenylation and translation in the oocyte. (UniProt, Q9XZL8)
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Also Known As

nebula, nla, 89B11, l(3)05203

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
89B7-89B7
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-58
RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:16186999..16197584
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (20 terms)
Molecular Function (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Pp2B-14D; FB:FBgn0011826
(Takeo et al., 2006)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:CanB2; FB:FBgn0015614
(Takeo et al., 2006)
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q24214
(Takeo et al., 2012)
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q27889
(Takeo et al., 2012)
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VXF1
(Takeo et al., 2012)
enables transporter activator activity
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chang and Min, 2005)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables calcium-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase regulator activity
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P36054
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000033709
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables nucleic acid binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR035979
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Biological Process (12 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (11 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in egg activation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Horner et al., 2006)
involved_in female meiotic nuclear division
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Takeo et al., 2012, Horner et al., 2006, Takeo et al., 2006)
involved_in long-term memory
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chang et al., 2003)
involved_in male pronucleus assembly
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Horner et al., 2006)
involved_in meiotic cell cycle
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Pp2B-14D; FB:FBgn0011826
(Takeo et al., 2010)
involved_in olfactory learning
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chang et al., 2003)
involved_in positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chang and Min, 2005)
involved_in regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Takeo et al., 2012)
involved_in regulation of female receptivity, post-mating
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Ejima et al., 2004)
involved_in regulation of female receptivity
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Ejima et al., 2004)
involved_in sleep
inferred from direct assay
(Nakai et al., 2011)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in calcium-mediated signaling
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000033709
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR006931
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Cellular Component (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
(Chang and Min, 2005)
located_in mitochondrial matrix
inferred from direct assay
(Chang and Min, 2005)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Chang and Min, 2005)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in cytoplasm
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000033709
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000033709
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the RCAN family. (Q9XZL8)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Required for elongation of meiosis I spindle. Critical for ovulation, meiotic progression in oocytes and female courtship behavior, including their postmating changes. Regulates female meiosis by controlling calcineurin activity in the germline. Has a role in calcium signaling during egg activation; bcd mRNA polyadenylation and translation in the oocyte.
(UniProt, Q9XZL8)
Summary (Interactive Fly)

regulates female meiosis by controlling calcineurin activity in the germline - exacerbates Aβ42 phenotypes in a Drosophila model of Alzheimer's disease

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\sra for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9XZL8)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.54

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
sra-RA
FBtr0083255
NM_079654
1855
292
sra-RB
FBtr0344473
NM_001300432
2071
292
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
sra-PA
FBpp0082709
31.4
292
4.82
Q9XZL8
NP_524378
AAF55285
sra-PB
FBpp0310844
31.4
292
4.82
Q9XZL8
NP_001287361
AHN57360
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

292 aa isoforms: sra-PA, sra-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with Pp2B-14D, CanA-14F and CanB2.

(UniProt, Q9XZL8)
Post Translational Modification

Phosphorylation at Ser-215 and Ser-219 is essential for calcineurin activation and completion of female meiosis. Sgg is required for phosphorylation of Ser-215 in activated eggs. Ser-100, Thr-102 and Ser-219 are highly phosphorylated in both ovaries and activated eggs; however, phosphorylation at Ser-100 or Thr-102 is not required for sra function in completion of female meiosis.

(UniProt, Q9XZL8)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records
 
UniProt
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\sra using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

4.55

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
pole plasm

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
third instar larval stage
eye disc | restricted
(Lee et al., 2016)
adult stage
adult mushroom body
(Lee et al., 2016)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
(Chang and Min, 2005)
located_in mitochondrial matrix
inferred from direct assay
(Chang and Min, 2005)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Chang and Min, 2005)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Reporter: P{sra-GAL4.L}
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
third instar larval stage
eye disc | restricted
(Lee et al., 2016)
adult stage
adult mushroom body
(Lee et al., 2016)
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\sra in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 1-3
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 63 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 27 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of sra
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of sra
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 14 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal
lethal | embryonic stage | maternal effect
lethal | female
lethal | larval stage | recessive
lethal | recessive
partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
partially lethal - majority die | larval stage
partially lethal - majority die | pupal stage
viable
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Scer\GAL4VP16.nanos.UTR
Sterility
Allele
female sterile
female sterile (with Df(3R)sbd45)
female sterile | germline clone
female sterile | recessive
fertile
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal cell cycle (with Df(3R)sbd45)
abnormal courtship behavior | female, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
abnormal courtship behavior | female, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4
abnormal learning
abnormal learning, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
abnormal learning, with Scer\GAL4c739
abnormal learning, with Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
abnormal learning | RU486 conditional, with Scer\GAL4elav.Switch.PO
abnormal locomotor behavior
abnormal locomotor behavior | third instar larval stage
abnormal locomotor behavior | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
abnormal meiotic cell cycle, with Scer\GAL4VP16.nanos.UTR
abnormal meiotic cell cycle (with Df(3R)sbd45)
abnormal meiotic cell cycle (with sra619)
abnormal meiotic cell cycle (with sraA426)
abnormal meiotic cell cycle | female
abnormal meiotic cell cycle | female (with Df(3R)sbd45)
abnormal meiotic cell cycle | female (with sra619)
abnormal meiotic cell cycle | female (with sra687)
abnormal meiotic cell cycle | female (with sraA108)
abnormal meiotic cell cycle | female (with sraA426)
abnormal meiotic cell cycle | female | germline clone
abnormal memory
abnormal memory | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4c739
abnormal memory | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.247.Switch
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
abnormal oxidative stress response | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
abnormal sleep
abnormal sleep (with sraGS3080)
abnormal sleep (with sraKO)
bang sensitive
increased cell death | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
long lived, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB
short lived
short lived, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
some die during immature adult stage | female
visible | adult stage
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
axon | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
egg, with Scer\GAL4VP16.nanos.UTR
egg, with Scer\GAL4VP16.nanos.UTR, sraKO
egg, with Scer\GAL4VP16.nanos.UTR, sraS215A.UASp
egg, with Scer\GAL4VP16.nanos.UTR, sraS219A.UASp
egg & meiotic anaphase I
egg & meiotic anaphase I | germ-line clone
embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | maternal effect
eye
eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
eye disc | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
eye photoreceptor cell
eye photoreceptor cell, with Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
eye photoreceptor cell (with sra1)
eye photoreceptor cell (with sra62)
larval brain | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
larval glial cell | increased number | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
male pronucleus
male pronucleus (with Df(3R)sbd45)
male pronucleus (with sra619)
male pronucleus (with sraA108)
male pronucleus | maternal effect (with sraA108)
male pronucleus | maternal effect (with sraA426)
meiosis II (with sra619)
meiosis II (with sraA426)
meiotic anaphase I (with Df(3R)sbd45)
meiotic anaphase I (with sra619)
meiotic anaphase I (with sra687)
meiotic anaphase I (with sraA108)
meiotic anaphase I (with sraA426)
meiotic anaphase I | female | germline clone
mitochondrion
mitochondrion, with Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
mitochondrion (with sra1)
mitochondrion (with sra62)
photoreceptor neuron | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
synaptic vesicle | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (3)
Hsap\RCAN2
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Hsap\RCAN1
12 of 14
No
Yes
1  
Hsap\RCAN3
12 of 14
No
Yes
1  
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (3)
Rnor\Rcan2
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Rcan1
12 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Rcan3
12 of 14
No
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (3)
Mmus\Rcan2
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Rcan1
12 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Rcan3
11 of 14
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (4)
Xtro\rcan2
7 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\rcan1
6 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\snx7
5 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\rcan3
1 of 13
No
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (4)
Drer\rcan1a
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\rcan3
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\rcan2
11 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\rcan1b
1 of 14
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
Cele\rcan-1
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006685
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)
Scer\RCN1
2 of 13
Yes
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
Spom\SPAC13G6.15c
4 of 12
Yes
Yes
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:sra. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 4 )
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
Human Ortholog
Disease
Evidence
References
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 4 )
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
RCAN2; regulator of calcineurin 2
13 of 14
604876
       
      RCAN1; regulator of calcineurin 1
      12 of 14
      REGULATOR OF CALCINEURIN 1; RCAN1
           
          RCAN3; RCAN family member 3
          12 of 14
          605860
               
              Functional Complementation Data
              Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
              Interactions
              Summary of Physical Interactions
              Summary of Genetic Interactions
              Interaction Browsers
              View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
              Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
              Starting gene(s)
              Interaction type
              Interacting gene(s)
              Reference
              sra
              suppressible
              CanA-14F
              (Nakai et al., 2011)
              sra
              suppressible
              Diap1
              (Lee et al., 2016)
              sra
              suppressible
              Pp2B-14D
              (Shaw and Chang, 2013, Nakai et al., 2011)
              Starting gene(s)
              Interaction type
              Interacting gene(s)
              Reference
              Appl
              enhanceable
              sra
              (Shaw and Chang, 2013)
              Appl
              suppressible
              sra
              (Shaw and Chang, 2013)
              CanA-14F
              enhanceable
              sra
              (Nakai et al., 2011)
              Pp2B-14D
              suppressible
              sra
              (Takeo et al., 2010, Takeo et al., 2006)
              Pp2B-14D
              enhanceable
              sra
              (Nakai et al., 2011, Takeo et al., 2010)
              External Data
              Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
              Interacts with Pp2B-14D, CanA-14F and CanB2.
              (UniProt, Q9XZL8 )
              Linkouts
              DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
              MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
              MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
              Pathways
              Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
              Metabolic Pathways
              FlyBase
              External Links
              External Data
              Linkouts
              Class of Gene
              Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
              Chromosome (arm)
              3R
              Recombination map
              3-58
              Cytogenetic map
              89B7-89B7
              Sequence location
              FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
              Cytogenetic map
              Evidence for location
              89B7-89B7
              Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}blp01618 and P{PZ}gish04895&P{EP}EP3171
              Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
              Cytogenetic map
              Notes
              References
              89B12-89B13
              (determined by in situ hybridisation)
              (Lukacsovich et al., 2001, Spradling et al., 1999, Perrimon et al., 1996)
              89B12-89B13
              (McCormick, 1999.4.30)
              70D1-70D2
              89B9--13
              (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
              Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
              Location

              3-58

              (FlyBase, 2016)

              3-58.2

              (Comeron et al., 2012, Czank, 1997.5.14)
              Left of (cM)
              Right of (cM)
              Notes
              Stocks and Reagents
              Stocks (19)
              Genomic Clones (31)
              cDNA Clones (275)
               

              Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

              cDNA clones, fully sequenced
              BDGP DGC clones
              Other clones
                Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                BDGP DGC clones
                Other clones
                RNAi and Array Information
                Linkouts
                DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                Antibody Information
                Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                 
                Commercially Available Antibodies
                 
                Cell Line Information
                Publicly Available Cell Lines
                 
                  Other Stable Cell Lines
                   
                    Other Comments

                    bcd mRNA is not translated in eggs laid by sra mutant females.

                    (Horner et al., 2006)

                    Double heterozygous progeny from crosses using sra and Bin1 mutant alleles are viable and fertile at 22oC and 25oC.

                    (Singh et al., 2005)

                    Mutant females show spontaneous ovulation as virgins, sterility with impaired meiotic progression and compromised postmating responses, with a lower ovulation level, higher remating rate and shorter period for restoration of receptivity.

                    (Ejima et al., 2004)

                    Area matching Drosophila EST AA979551. This EST overlaps EST AA567400.

                    (Davies, 2001.3.15)

                    Identification: Enhancer trap screen designed to discover genes involved in the cellular aspects of defense mechanisms, as well as in melanotic tumor formation processes linked to blood cell disregulation.

                    (Braun et al., 1997)

                    Mutations of sra affect oviposition.

                    (Czank et al., 1997)

                    The autosomal "FLP-DFS" technique (using the P{ovoD1-18} P{FRT(whs)} P{hsFLP} chromosomes) has been used to identify the specific maternal effect phenotype for the zygotic lethal mutation. l(3)05203 gene expression during oogenesis is not critical to embryonic development, but the gene function may be essential for fertilisation and/or completion of meiosis.

                    (Perrimon et al., 1996)
                    Relationship to Other Genes
                    Source for database merge of

                    Source for merge of: sra nla

                    (Czank, 2002.4.24)

                    Source for merge of: sra l(3)05203

                    (Horner, 2006)

                    Source for merge of: sra anon-WO0118547.92 anon-WO0172774.10

                    (FlyBase, 1996-)
                    Additional comments

                    l(3)L1820 may correspond to sra: the P{lacW}l(3)L1820L1820 insertion maps within the transcription unit.

                    (Gene Disruption Project members, 2015.10.8)

                    The relationship between "fey" and "sra" is unclear. It is possible that "fey" is a lethal "sra" allele.

                    (Czank and Kubli, 2001)

                    "sra" is a distinct gene from "Sb".

                    (Czank, 1997.5.14)

                    Source for merge of sra anon-WO0118547.92 anon-WO0172774.10 was sequence comparison ( date:051113 ).

                    (FlyBase, 1996-)
                    Nomenclature History
                    Source for database identify of
                    Nomenclature comments
                    Etymology

                    Gene name is "Sarah" because Sarah, Abraham's wife, was infertile for many years but eventually had a child. This is also the fate of homozygous sraA381 females.

                    (Czank, 1997.5.14)
                    Synonyms and Secondary IDs (14)
                    Reported As
                    Symbol Synonym
                    89B
                    (Czank, 1997.5.14)
                    89B11
                    (Czank, 1997.5.14, Czank et al., 1997)
                    CG6072
                    (Desalvo et al., 2011, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, González et al., 2008, Curtis et al., 2007, Seong et al., 2001)
                    Sarah
                    (Mariano et al., 2020)
                    Sra
                    (Wang et al., 2021, Vonhoff and Keshishian, 2017, Liu and Lasko, 2015, Sartain and Wolfner, 2013, Takeo et al., 2012, Huang et al., 2008)
                    anon-WO0118547.92
                    anon-WO0172774.10
                    l(3)05203
                    (McClure and Schubiger, 2008)
                    nebula
                    (Cassar and Kretzschmar, 2016, Chang and Min, 2005)
                    nla
                    (Androschuk et al., 2015, Shaw et al., 2015, Shaw and Chang, 2013, Chang and Min, 2009, Aigaki et al., 2002, Lukacsovich et al., 2001, Seong et al., 2001, Zhu et al., 2001)
                    sra
                    (Armstrong and Frank, 2022, Hope et al., 2020, Jeon et al., 2020, Parker et al., 2020, Trcek et al., 2020, Rech et al., 2019, Hughes et al., 2018, Kweon et al., 2018, Prudêncio et al., 2018, Clandinin and Owens, 2016-, Lee et al., 2016, Schwartz et al., 2016, Zhang et al., 2015, Singh et al., 2014, Takeo et al., 2012, Gohl et al., 2011, Nakai et al., 2011, González et al., 2010, Sakai and Aigaki, 2010, Takeo et al., 2010, Perkins et al., 2009.8.10, Rangan et al., 2009, Cui et al., 2008, FlyBase Curators, 2008-, González et al., 2008, Rangan et al., 2008, Weil et al., 2008, Akdemir et al., 2007, Bonnefoy et al., 2007, Zhang et al., 2007, Horner, 2006, Takeo et al., 2006, Takeo et al., 2006, Chang and Min, 2005)
                    Name Synonyms
                    Sarah
                    (Sakai and Aigaki, 2010, Takeo et al., 2010)
                    lethal (3) 05203
                    nebula
                    (Mariano et al., 2020, Bouleau and Tricoire, 2015, Neckameyer and Argue, 2013, Chang and Min, 2009, Chang and Min, 2005, Chang et al., 2003, Rebeiz et al., 2002)
                    sara
                    (Li and White, 2003)
                    sarah
                    (Shafer, 2025, Tomita et al., 2017, Potdar and Sheeba, 2013, Gohl et al., 2011, Nakai et al., 2011, Weil et al., 2008, Bonnefoy et al., 2007, Curtis et al., 2007, Sackton et al., 2007, Horner et al., 2006, Takeo et al., 2006, Chang and Min, 2005, Czank, 1997.5.14)
                    Secondary FlyBase IDs
                    • FBgn0020250
                    • FBgn0010860
                    • FBgn0026629
                    • FBgn0046492
                    • FBgn0061526
                    Datasets (0)
                    Study focus (0)
                    Experimental Role
                    Project
                    Project Type
                    Title
                    Study result (0)
                    Result
                    Result Type
                    Title
                    External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 51 )
                    Sequence Crossreferences
                    NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                    GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                    GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                    RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                    UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                    UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                    UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                    Other crossreferences
                    AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                    BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                    DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                    EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                    FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                    FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                    InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                    KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                    MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                    Linkouts
                    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                    Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                    FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                    FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                    Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                    Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                    iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                    Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
                    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                    References (121)