FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\Gcn5
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Gcn5
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Gcn5 acetyltransferase
Annotation Symbol
CG4107
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0020388
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
Gcn5 acetyltransferase (Gcn5) encodes a lysine acetyltransferase subunit of several chromatin modifying complexes. It contributes to oogenesis and metamorphosis. [Date last reviewed: 2019-08-01] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

dGcn5, Pcaf, KAT, dKAT2, dmGCN5

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-38
RefSeq locus
NT_037436 REGION:12521129..12524014
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (15 terms)
Molecular Function (6 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q7KSD8
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q8I8V0
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
Biological Process (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
Cellular Component (6 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of ATAC complex
inferred from direct assay
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
part_of SAGA complex
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of ATAC complex
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001111731
located_in nucleus
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR009464, InterPro:IPR016376
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
histone acetyltransferase activity
RHEA 21992:
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Gcn5 acetyltransferase (Gcn5) encodes a lysine acetyltransferase subunit of several chromatin modifying complexes. It contributes to oogenesis and metamorphosis. [Date last reviewed: 2019-08-01]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
ATAC COMPLEX -
The Ada2a-containing (ATAC) complex is a metazoan histone acetyltransferase complex. It positively regulates gene transcription and, although it does not have any intrinsic remodeling activity, facilitates nucleosome sliding of ISWI and SWI-SNF families of chromatin-remodeling complexes. (Adapted from FBrf0204126).
SAGA COMPLEX -
The Spt-Ada-Gcn5 Acetyltransferase (SAGA) complex is a chromatin modifying complex. SAGA can acetylate and deubiquitinate histone residues. Also SAGA has been shown to regulate the transcriptional activation of a subset of genes. (Adapted from FBrf0228923, FBrf0219841 and FBrf0233349).
HISTONE ACETYLTRANSFERASES -
Histone acetyltransferases catalyze the acetylation of conserved lysine residues on histone proteins by transferring an acetyl group from acetyl CoA to form ε-N-acetyl lysine. (Adapted from PMID:11395403).
ADA COMPLEX -
The Ada2/Gcn5/Ada3 transcription activator (ADA) complex is a Gcn5-containing histone acetyltransferase complex that regulates transcription by acetylating core histones, preferentially histone H3 and nucleosomal substrates. (Adapted from FBrf0242086, FBrf0247978 and FBrf0248705).
CHAT COMPLEX -
The chiffon histone acetyltransferase (CHAT) complex is a unique Gcn5 complex specific to insects that shows characteristic histone acetyltransferase activity towards histone H3. (Adapted from FBrf0241207, FBrf0247978 and FBrf0248705).
Summary (Interactive Fly)

a major histone H3 acetylase in Drosophila that plays a key role in the control of specific morphogenetic cascades during developmental transitions - Gcn5 interacts with Cyclin A to facilitate proper turnover in germ-line stem cells - Gcn5 promotes Cyclin A ubiquitination, which is dependent on its acetylating activity.

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Gcn5 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VTZ1)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0075969
2770
813
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

2.8 (northern blot)

Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0075701
92.2
813
9.15
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

813 (aa); 998 (kD observed); 93 (kD predicted)

Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Gcn5 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.45

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
organism | ubiquitous

Comment: maternally deposited

northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

Gcn5 transcript is localized to the apical tip of the adult testis.

Pcaf transcripts are detected throughout development on northern blots with the highest levels in early embryos and late larvae.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of ATAC complex
inferred from direct assay
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
part_of SAGA complex
inferred from direct assay
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Gcn5 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 1-3
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 7-8
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 10 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 21 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Gcn5
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Gcn5
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Inferred from location ( 8 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
Other Phenotypes
Allele
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
adult cuticle & adult abdomen (with Gcn5C137Y)
adult cuticle & adult abdomen (with Gcn5E333st)
adult cuticle & adult abdomen (with Gcn5ΔT280-F285)
cuticle & abdomen & pharate adult, with Scer\GAL4NP5153
cuticle & abdomen & pharate adult (with Gcn5C137Y)
cuticle & abdomen & pharate adult (with Gcn5E333st)
cuticle & abdomen & pharate adult (with Gcn5ΔT280-F285)
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (21)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
12 of 14
No
Yes
1  
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1  
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
2  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (17)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
4 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (22)
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (18)
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
10 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (21)
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (14)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (11)
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (30)
10 of 13
Yes
Yes
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (9)
10 of 13
Yes
Yes
1  
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (7)
9 of 12
Yes
Yes
2 of 12
No
No
2 of 12
No
Yes
1 of 12
No
No
1 of 12
No
No
1 of 12
No
No
1 of 12
No
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Gcn5. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (13)
3 of 13
3 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
Human Ortholog
Disease
Evidence
References
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
Functional Complementation Data
Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
Interactions
Summary of Physical Interactions
Interaction Browsers

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
protein-protein
Physical Interaction
Assay
References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interaction Browsers

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
External Data
Linkouts
BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
Pathways
Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
Metabolic Pathways
FlyBase
External Links
External Data
Class of Gene
Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
Chromosome (arm)
3L
Recombination map
3-38
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Evidence for location
69C4-69C4
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)0508805088 and P{PZ}l(3)0692406924
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Notes
References
69C8-69C12
69C8-69C12
(determined by in situ hybridisation)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Stocks and Reagents
Stocks (17)
Genomic Clones (11)
 

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (89)
 

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Cell Line Information
    Publicly Available Cell Lines
     
      Other Stable Cell Lines
       
        Other Comments

        DNA-protein interactions: genome-wide binding profile assayed for Pcaf protein in Kc167 cells; see Chromatin_types_NKI collection report. Individual protein-binding experiments listed under "Samples" at GEO_GSE22069 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE22069).

        dsRNA has been made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene.

        dsRNA has been made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene. RNAi of Pcaf causes an increase in lateral branching and a marked reduction in dorsal extension of ddaE neurons. RNAi also causes defects in muscle and defects in dendrite morphogenesis.

        Cloned by degenerate PCR using primers designed from human and yeast homologs.

        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database merge of
        Additional comments

        Relationship of "Pcaf" to "HatB" unclear.

        Nomenclature History
        Source for database identify of

        Source for identity of: Pcaf CG4107

        Source for identity of: Gcn5 Pcaf

        Nomenclature comments

        "Pcaf" renamed to "Gcn5" to reflect overwhelming usage in the literature and the symbol used in the first research paper to characterize the gene (FBrf0103041).

        Etymology
        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (25)
        Reported As
        Symbol Synonym
        anon-WO0172774.89
        Name Synonyms
        Gcn5 acetyltransferase
        Gcn5 ortholog
        Pcaf
        Secondary FlyBase IDs
        • FBgn0046345
        Datasets (1)
        Study focus (1)
        Experimental Role
        Project
        Project Type
        Title
        • transgene_used
        Protein profiling reveals five principal chromatin types in Drosophila cells.
        Study result (0)
        Result
        Result Type
        Title
        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 54 )
        Sequence Crossreferences
        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
        UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
        UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        Other crossreferences
        AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
        BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
        DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
        EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
        FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
        FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
        MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
        Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
        Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
        FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
        iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
        Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
        KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
        MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        References (192)