FB2026_02 , released June 18, 2026
FB2026_02 , released June 18, 2026
Gene: Dmel\G9a
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\G9a
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
G9a
Annotation Symbol
CG2995
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0040372
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
20 publicly available
Enzyme Name (EC)
[histone H3]-lysine(9) N-trimethyltransferase (2.1.1.355)
[histone H3]-lysine(9) N-methyltransferase (2.1.1.367)
[histone H3]-lysine(9) N-dimethyltransferase (2.1.1.368)
[histone H3]-lysine(27) N-methyltransferase (2.1.1.369)
[histone H3]-lysine(27) N-dimethyltransferase (2.1.1.371)
Gene Summary
G9a (G9a) encodes a histone-lysine methyltransferase involved in epigenetic regulation. It contributes to multiple processes including gene expression, dendrite morphogenesis, larval locomotory behavior as well as short and long-term memory. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

dG9a, EHMT, EG:BACR37P7.2

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
1A1-1A1
Sequence location
Recombination map
1-0
RefSeq locus
NC_004354 REGION:245978..254650
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (28 terms)
Molecular Function (13 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (8 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables histone H3K27 dimethyltransferase activity
inferred from direct assay
(Stabell et al., 2006)
enables histone H3K27 monomethyltransferase activity
inferred from direct assay
(Stabell et al., 2006)
enables histone H3K27 trimethyltransferase activity
inferred from direct assay
(Stabell et al., 2006)
enables histone H3K9 dimethyltransferase activity
inferred from direct assay
(Stabell et al., 2006)
enables histone H3K9 monomethyltransferase activity
inferred from direct assay
(Stabell et al., 2006)
enables histone H3K9 trimethyltransferase activity
inferred from direct assay
(Stabell et al., 2006)
enables histone H4 methyltransferase activity
inferred from direct assay
(Stabell et al., 2006)
enables transcription corepressor activity
inferred from direct assay
(Hofbauer et al., 2024)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables histone H3K9 methyltransferase activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008706806
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables histone methyltransferase activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR007728, InterPro:IPR043550
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables p53 binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR043550
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables protein-lysine N-methyltransferase activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR043550
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables zinc ion binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR007728, InterPro:IPR047762
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Biological Process (11 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (9 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in facultative heterochromatin formation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Merkling et al., 2015)
acts_upstream_of habituation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kramer et al., 2011)
acts_upstream_of larval locomotory behavior
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kramer et al., 2011)
acts_upstream_of long-term memory
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kramer et al., 2011)
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from direct assay
(Hofbauer et al., 2024)
acts_upstream_of positive regulation of dendrite morphogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kramer et al., 2011)
involved_in regulation of gene expression
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kramer et al., 2011)
acts_upstream_of response to virus
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Merkling et al., 2015)
acts_upstream_of short-term memory
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kramer et al., 2011)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in chromatin remodeling
inferred by curator from GO:0140939
(Stabell et al., 2006)
involved_in epigenetic regulation of gene expression
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008706806
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008706806
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in euchromatin
inferred from direct assay
(Stabell et al., 2006)
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Kramer et al., 2011, Stabell et al., 2006)
located_in polytene chromosome interband
inferred from direct assay
(Wang et al., 2008)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in chromatin
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002505142
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002505142
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
located_in nucleus
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR007728
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
histone H3K27 monomethyltransferase activity
L-lysyl(27)-[histone H3] + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = N(6)-methyl-L- lysyl(27)-[histone H3] + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H(+) (2.1.1.369)
RHEA 60296: histone H3K9 trimethyltransferase activity
L-lysyl(9)-[histone H3] + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = N(6),N(6),N(6)- trimethyl-L-lysyl(9)-[histone H3] + 3 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3 H(+) (2.1.1.355)
RHEA 60276: histone H3K9 dimethyltransferase activity
L-lysyl(9)-[histone H3] + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = N(6),N(6)-dimethyl- L-lysyl(9)-[histone H3] + 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+) (2.1.1.368)
RHEA 64444: histone H3K27 trimethyltransferase activity
RHEA 60292: histone H3K27 dimethyltransferase activity
L-lysyl(27)-[histone H3] + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = N(6),N(6)- dimethyl-L-lysyl(27)-[histone H3] + 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+) (2.1.1.371)
RHEA 64452: histone H3K9 monomethyltransferase activity
L-lysyl(9)-[histone H3] + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = N(6)-methyl-L- lysyl(9)-[histone H3] + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H(+) (2.1.1.367)
RHEA 60280:
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
G9a (G9a) encodes a histone-lysine methyltransferase involved in epigenetic regulation. It contributes to multiple processes including gene expression, dendrite morphogenesis, larval locomotory behavior as well as short and long-term memory. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
SET DOMAIN LYSINE METHYLTRANSFERASES -
SET domain lysine methyltransferases (KMTs) catalyze the addition of methyl groups to lysine residues. SET domain KMTs possess a domain that was original characterized in the D.mel KMTs Su(var)3-9, E(z) and trx. (Adapted from FBrf0216343).
Summary (Interactive Fly)

histone H3 Lys 9-specific histone methyltransferase - regulator of peripheral dendrite development - larval locomotor behavior - non-associative learning and courtship memory - regulator the expression of insulin-like peptide genes - regulation of starvation-induced autophagy

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\G9a for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry M9PGH7)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
G9a-RA
FBtr0070063
NM_130478
6538
1637
G9a-RB
FBtr0332992
NM_001272159
7235
1657
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
G9a-PA
FBpp0070062
181.2
1637
6.25
Q95RU8
NP_569834
AAF45487
G9a-PB
FBpp0305207
183.5
1657
6.34
M9PGH7
NP_001259088
AGB94934
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\G9a using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.42

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
adult stage | female & oogenesis stage S10
nurse cell
(Lee et al., 2010)
RT-PCR
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage | male
organism

Comment: low

(Lee et al., 2010)
adult stage | female
organism

Comment: high

(Lee et al., 2010)
ovary

Comment: high

(Lee et al., 2010)
germarium

Comment: low

(Lee et al., 2010)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
third instar larval stage
larval ventral nerve cord
(Kramer et al., 2011)
multidendritic neuron
(Kramer et al., 2011)
larval muscle system
(Kramer et al., 2011)
embryonic/larval epidermis
(Kramer et al., 2011)
adult stage
adult brain

Comment: !

(Kramer et al., 2011)
spermatogenesis & adult stage | male
spermatocyte
(Ushijima et al., 2012)
cystic bulge
(Ushijima et al., 2012)
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
day 5 of adulthood | male -- day 7 of adulthood | male
spermatozoon
(Wasbrough et al., 2010)
Additional Descriptive Data

G9a protein is localized in the cytoplasm of spermatocytes in both the growth stage and the onion stage of spermiogenesis. In the elongation stage, G9a signals were mainly found in the cystic bulge. G9a signal was detected in nuclei early in the canoe stage, but disappeared by the end of the canoe stage.

(Ushijima et al., 2012)

G9a is widely expressed in the nervous system. It is widely abundant in the adult brain but is excluded from neuropilar regions such as the mushroom body calyx. In larval ventral nerve cord, it is expressed in neurons and more weakly in glial cells. It is also detected in multiple dendrite sensory neurons of the PNS in larvae. It is also detected at a low level in non-neuronal tissues including muscle and epidermis.

(Kramer et al., 2011)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in euchromatin
inferred from direct assay
(Stabell et al., 2006)
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Kramer et al., 2011, Stabell et al., 2006)
located_in polytene chromosome interband
inferred from direct assay
(Wang et al., 2008)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\G9a in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 46 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 14 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of G9a
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of G9a
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Gene partially disrupted in
Df(1)G9adel34
(Seum et al., 2007)
Inferred from location ( 9 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
lethal, with Scer\GAL4Act.PU
lethal, with Scer\GAL4da.PU
lethal, with Scer\GAL4Tub.PU
lethal - all die before end of larval stage, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
lethal - all die before end of P-stage, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
partially lethal - majority live
viable
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PU
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Sterility
Allele
fertile
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal developmental rate | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
abnormal developmental rate | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
abnormal immune response
abnormal immune response | adult stage | conditional
abnormal learning | adult stage
abnormal learning | adult stage (with G9aDD1)
abnormal learning | adult stage (with G9aDD2)
abnormal locomotor behavior | early third instar larval stage
abnormal memory | adult stage
abnormal memory | adult stage, with G9arv+
abnormal memory | adult stage, with G9aUAS.cKa
abnormal neuroanatomy
abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage
abnormal size | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA
increased mortality | adult stage | conditional
long lived
melanotic mass phenotype | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
melanotic mass phenotype | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
melanotic mass phenotype | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
non-suppressor of variegation, with P{hsp26-pt-T}8-M76
non-suppressor of variegation, with P{hsp26-pt-T}39C-66
short lived | conditional
some die during larval stage
some die during pharate adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
some die during P-stage
some die during third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
visible, with Scer\GAL4ap-md544
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4nub.PK
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
embryonic/larval fat body | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA
larval ventral cluster group multidendritic neuron
mitochondrion | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA
multidendritic dendrite | third instar larval stage
puparial operculum, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
wing, with Scer\GAL4ap-md544
wing vein, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
wing vein, with Scer\GAL4nub.PK
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (23)
Hsap\EHMT1
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Hsap\EHMT2
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\SUV39H2
4 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SETMAR
3 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SUV39H1
3 of 14
No
No
4  
Hsap\ASH1L
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\EZH1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\EZH2
2 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\KMT2A
2 of 14
No
No
3  
Hsap\KMT2B
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\KMT2C
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\KMT2D
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NSD1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NSD2
2 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\NSD3
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SETD1A
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SETD1B
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SETD2
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SETDB1
2 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\SETDB2
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ANKS6
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\KMT5A
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\SETBP1
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (18)
Rnor\Ehmt1
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Ehmt2
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Setmar
4 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Suv39h2
4 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Suv39h1l1
3 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Ash1l
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Ezh1
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Ezh2
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Nsd1
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Nsd2
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Nsd3
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Setd2
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Setdb1
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Setdb2
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Kmt2a
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Kmt2b
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Kmt2d
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Setd1a
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (24)
Mmus\Ehmt2
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Ehmt1
11 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Setmar
4 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Suv39h2
4 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Suv39h1
3 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Ash1l
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Ezh1
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Ezh2
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Nsd1
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Nsd2
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Nsd3
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Setd2
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Setdb1
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Setdb2
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Ank3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Asb16
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Kmt2a
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Kmt2b
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Kmt2c
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Kmt2d
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Setbp1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Setd1a
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Setd1b
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Uhrf2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (22)
Xtro\ehmt2
8 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\ehmt1
7 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\setmar
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\suv39h2
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\arid3b
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\ccdc80
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\cox19
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\ezh2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\fhip1b
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\kmt2b
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\kmt5a
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC594890
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC100488563
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\LOC100490508
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\nsd3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\phax
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\prtn3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\setd1b
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\setd2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\setdb1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\setdb2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\znf639
1 of 13
No
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (26)
Drer\ehmt1a
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\ehmt1b
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\ehmt2
11 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\setmar
4 of 14
No
No
Drer\suv39h1a
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\suv39h1b
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\ash1l
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\ezh1
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\ezh2
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\nsd1a
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\nsd1b
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\nsd2
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\nsd3
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\setdb1a
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\setdb1b
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\kmt2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\kmt2ca
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\kmt2cb
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC101883274
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC103910708
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\setbp1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\setd1a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\setd1ba
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\setd1bb
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\setd2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\setdb2
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (21)
Cele\set-11
8 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\met-1
3 of 14
No
No
Cele\set-6
3 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\set-13
3 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\set-15
3 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\set-19
3 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\set-21
3 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\set-25
3 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\set-32
3 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\set-8
2 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\set-23
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\set-33
2 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\lin-59
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\mes-2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\mes-4
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\met-2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\set-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\set-2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\set-12
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\set-16
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\set-20
1 of 14
No
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (16)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003013
9 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001535
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002246
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002741
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003597
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP004656
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007978
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008599
1 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009778
1 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009779
1 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009815
1 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011192
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011688
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012481
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012516
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012610
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (30)
Atha\SUVR5
5 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\SDG20
3 of 13
No
No
Atha\SDG11
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\SDG21
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\SUVH1
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\SUVH2
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\SUVH3
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\SUVH4
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\SUVH5
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\SUVH6
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\SUVH7
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\SUVH9
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\SUVR1
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\SUVR2
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\SUVR4
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\ASHH1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\ASHH3
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\ASHH4
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G47150
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\ATX1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\ATX2
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CLF
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\EFS
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\MEA
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\SDG4
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\SDG14
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\SDG16
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\SDG25
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\SDG29
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\SWN
1 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)
Scer\SET1
1 of 13
Yes
No
Scer\SET2
1 of 13
Yes
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (3)
Spom\clr4
2 of 12
Yes
No
Spom\set2
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\set7
1 of 12
No
Yes
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:G9a. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (12)
CG4565
4 of 13
Su(var)3-9
4 of 13
ash1
2 of 13
egg
2 of 13
Set1
2 of 13
Set2
2 of 13
Set8
2 of 13
trr
2 of 13
trx
2 of 13
E(z)
1 of 13
nompC
1 of 13
NSD
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
Human Ortholog
Disease
Evidence
References
EHMT1; euchromatic histone lysine methyltransferase 1
model of  Kleefstra syndrome 1
IEA
(FlyBase, 2019-)
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
EHMT1; euchromatic histone lysine methyltransferase 1
12 of 14
607001
 
EHMT2; euchromatic histone lysine methyltransferase 2
12 of 14
604599
      SUV39H2; SUV39H2 histone lysine methyltransferase
      4 of 14
      606503
          SETMAR; SET and mariner transposase domain methyltransferase
          3 of 14
          609834
              SUV39H1; SUV39H1 histone lysine methyltransferase
              3 of 14
              300254
                   
                  Functional Complementation Data
                  Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                  Interactions
                  Summary of Physical Interactions
                  Summary of Genetic Interactions
                  Interaction Browsers
                  View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
                  Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
                  Starting gene(s)
                  Interaction type
                  Interacting gene(s)
                  Reference
                  G9a
                  suppressible
                  EcR
                  (Kleefstra et al., 2012)
                  G9a
                  enhanceable
                  EcR
                  (Kleefstra et al., 2012, Stabell et al., 2006)
                  G9a
                  enhanceable
                  sba
                  (Kleefstra et al., 2012)
                  Starting gene(s)
                  Interaction type
                  Interacting gene(s)
                  Reference
                  egg
                  enhanceable
                  G9a
                  (Brower-Toland et al., 2009)
                  External Data
                  Linkouts
                  BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                  DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                  MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                  MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                  Pathways
                  Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
                  Metabolic Pathways
                  FlyBase
                  External Links
                  KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                  External Data
                  Linkouts
                  KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                  Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                  Class of Gene
                  Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                  Chromosome (arm)
                  X
                  Recombination map
                  1-0
                  Cytogenetic map
                  1A1-1A1
                  Sequence location
                  FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                  Cytogenetic map
                  Evidence for location
                  1A1-1A1
                  Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CG17896EP1320&P{EP}EP1398 and P{EP}svrEP356&P{EP}argEP452
                  Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                  Cytogenetic map
                  Notes
                  References
                  Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                  Location

                  1-0

                  (FlyBase, 2016)

                  1-0.0

                  (Comeron et al., 2012)
                  Left of (cM)
                  Right of (cM)
                  Notes
                  Stocks and Reagents
                  Stocks (20)
                  Genomic Clones (6)
                   

                  Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

                  cDNA Clones (39)
                   

                  Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                  cDNA clones, fully sequenced
                  BDGP DGC clones
                  Other clones
                  Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                  For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                  cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                  BDGP DGC clones
                  Other clones
                  RNAi and Array Information
                  Linkouts
                  DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                  Antibody Information
                  Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                   

                  polyclonal

                  (Wang et al., 2008)
                  Commercially Available Antibodies
                   
                  Cell Line Information
                  Publicly Available Cell Lines
                   
                    Other Stable Cell Lines
                     
                      Other Comments
                      Relationship to Other Genes
                      Source for database merge of

                      Source for merge of: EG:BACR37P7.2 CG2995

                      (FlyBase, 1996-)
                      Additional comments

                      FlyBase curator comment: Correspondence with author Tsai revealed that 'G9a' = 'CG2995'.

                      (Tsai and Wang, 2007)

                      Source for merge of EG:BACR37P7.2 CG2995 was sequence comparison ( date:000425 ).

                      (FlyBase, 1996-)
                      Nomenclature History
                      Source for database identify of

                      Source for identity of: G9a CG2995

                      (Stabell et al., 2006)
                      Nomenclature comments
                      Etymology
                      Synonyms and Secondary IDs (10)
                      Reported As
                      Symbol Synonym
                      CG2995
                      (Lim et al., 2011, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Sousa-Neves and Rosas, 2010, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Ni et al., 2008, Seum et al., 2007, Ko et al., 2006, Mis et al., 2006, Stabell et al., 2006)
                      EG:BACR37P7.2
                      (Giot et al., 2003, Benos et al., 2001, Benos, 1999.12.13)
                      EHMT
                      (Kepler et al., 2020, Lo and Chen, 2019, Kleefstra et al., 2012, Kramer et al., 2011)
                      G9a
                      (Gu et al., 2026, Khoroshko et al., 2026, Luo et al., 2026, Hofbauer et al., 2024, Owings and Chow, 2024, Marzullo et al., 2023, Prakash et al., 2023, Bernués et al., 2022, Anqueira-González et al., 2021, Mika and Benton, 2021, Raun et al., 2021, Riahi et al., 2021, Schneider and Imler, 2021, Sciambra and Chtarbanova, 2021, Gulati et al., 2020, Luo et al., 2020, Meyer-Nava et al., 2020, Coll-Tané et al., 2019, Fenckova et al., 2019, Riahi et al., 2019, Sang Cho et al., 2019, Seller et al., 2019, Ueoka et al., 2019, Anreiter and Sokolowski, 2018, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, Ma et al., 2018, Song et al., 2018, Anreiter et al., 2017, Koemans et al., 2017, Mussabekova et al., 2017, Teixeira et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Kramer, 2016, Schwartz et al., 2016, Dietz et al., 2015, Kang et al., 2015, Merkling et al., 2015, model organism Encyclopedia of Regulatory Network (modERN) Project, 2015-, Yu et al., 2015, Wang et al., 2014, Zhang et al., 2014, Sentmanat et al., 2013, Figueiredo et al., 2012, Meier et al., 2012, Riddle et al., 2012, Williams et al., 2012, Koryakov et al., 2011, Stenberg and Larsson, 2011, Lee et al., 2010, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Huang et al., 2008, Tsai and Wang, 2007)
                      G9ae
                      (Parker et al., 2020)
                      cab65850 G9a Dm
                      (Alvarez-Venegas and Avramova, 2002)
                      dG9a
                      (Lee et al., 2019, Shimaji et al., 2019, Masuko et al., 2018, Shimaji et al., 2016, Shimaji et al., 2015, Kato et al., 2011, Lee et al., 2010, Brower-Toland et al., 2009, Wang et al., 2008, Yoon et al., 2008, Seum et al., 2007, Mis et al., 2006, Stabell et al., 2006)
                      g9a
                      (Kumar et al., 2025)
                      Name Synonyms
                      CG2995
                      G9a
                      (Wang et al., 2008)
                      dG9a
                      (Lim et al., 2011)
                      euchromatin histone methyltransferase
                      (Kramer et al., 2011)
                      histone methyltransferase
                      (Tsai and Wang, 2007)
                      Secondary FlyBase IDs
                      • FBgn0029516
                      Datasets (2)
                      Study focus (2)
                      Experimental Role
                      Project
                      Project Type
                      Title
                      • allele_used
                      modENCODE_chromatin_proteins_flies
                      Genome-wide localization of chromosomal proteins in fly tissues by ChIP-chip and ChIP-Seq.
                      • allele_used
                      modENCODE_chromatin_histones_flies
                      Genome-wide localization of histones and their modifications in fly tissues by ChIP-chip and ChIP-Seq.
                      Study result (0)
                      Result
                      Result Type
                      Title
                      External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 56 )
                      Sequence Crossreferences
                      NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                      GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                      GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                      RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                      UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                      UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                      Other crossreferences
                      AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                      BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                      DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                      EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                      FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                      FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                      InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                      KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                      MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                      Linkouts
                      BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                      DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                      Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                      FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                      FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                      Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                      Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                      FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
                      iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                      Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
                      KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                      KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                      MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                      MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                      Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                      References (136)