FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\pita

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\pita

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

pita

Annotation Symbol

CG3941

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0034878

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

21 publicly available

Gene Summary

pita (pita) encodes an architectural chromatin protein essential for embryonic development that organizes open chromatin in the regulatory regions (predominantly promoters). pita product functions include enhancer blocking, support of distant interactions, protection from spreading of repressed chromatin and recruitment of transcription factors. [Date last reviewed: 2018-09-13] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

spdk

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

59E3-59E3

Sequence location

2R:23,548,967..23,554,712 [-]

Recombination map

2-103

RefSeq locus

NT_033778 REGION:23548967..23554712

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (14 terms)

Molecular Function (8 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables chromatin binding

inferred from direct assay

(Maksimenko et al., 2015)

enables chromatin insulator sequence binding

inferred from direct assay

(Maksimenko et al., 2015)

inferred from direct assay

(Sokolov et al., 2024)

enables DNA binding

inferred from direct assay

(Page et al., 2005)

enables protein binding

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Cp190; FB:FBgn0000283

(Maksimenko et al., 2015)

enables sequence-specific DNA binding

inferred from direct assay

(Maksimenko et al., 2015)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002811104

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002811104

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables zinc ion binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR012934

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Biological Process (4 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in DNA endoreduplication

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Page et al., 2005)

involved_in DNA replication

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Page et al., 2005)

involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription

inferred from direct assay

(Maksimenko et al., 2015)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002811104

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Cellular Component (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in nucleus

inferred from direct assay

(Page et al., 2005)

located_in polytene chromosome

inferred from direct assay

(Maksimenko et al., 2015)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in nucleus

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR012934

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

C2H2 ZINC FINGER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Gene Group (FlyBase)

C2H2 ZINC FINGER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS -: Zinc finger C2H2 transcription factors are sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that regulate transcription. They possess DNA-binding domains that are formed from repeated Cys₂His₂ zinc finger motifs. (Adapted from PMID:1835093, FBrf0220103 and FBrf0155739).

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Insulator DNA-binding protein (PubMed:25342723). Chromatin insulators are regulatory elements that establish independent domains of transcriptional activity within eukaryotic genomes. Insulators are proposed to structure the chromatin fiber into independent domains of differing transcriptional potential by promoting the formation of distinct chromatin loops to form topologically associating domains (TADs). Recruits Cp190 and cooperatively binds to chromatin promoter and insulator regions to exert transcriptional regulator and chromatin insulator functions (PubMed:25342723, PubMed:33752739). Recruitment of Cp190 leads to recruitment of Chro/chromator and chromatin decondensation (PubMed:33752739). Chromatin binding sites often cluster with those of other insulator DNA binding proteins that can recruit Cp190, such as cliff, ZIPIC, CTCF, BEAF-32, lbf1, lbf2, insv/insensitive and, to a lesser extent, Su(Hw) (PubMed:25342723, PubMed:33752739, PubMed:38769058). Together with Cp190 and CTCF involved in regulation of the Miscadastral pigmentation (MCP) insulator (PubMed:25342723). Cooperates with cliff and su(Hw) to recruit Cp190 and regulate insulator function at the front-ultraabdominal (Fub) boundary (PubMed:38769058).

(UniProt, Q95RQ8)

Summary (Interactive Fly)

zinc finger transcription factor that serves as an activator of expression of a set of genes required for initiation of DNA replication

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\pita for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q95RQ8)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

7POK

Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.52

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

pita-RA

FBtr0072112

NM_137962

2472

683

pita-RB

FBtr0072113

NM_166607

2529

623

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

pita-PA

FBpp0072021

78.3

683

7.30

FBpp0072022

71.6

623

7.31

Q9W1N1

NP_726339

AAF47025

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Homodimer; disulfide-linked (via ZAD domain) (PubMed:35580610). Two dimers can interact to form a homotetramer (via ZAD domain) in solution (PubMed:35580610). Interacts (via region between the ZAD domain and the first zinc finger domain) with Cp190 (via BTB domain); the interaction is direct (PubMed:25342723, PubMed:33752739). This interaction is not essential for protein pita function, probably due to redundant recruitment of Cp190 by other insulator DNA-binding proteins whose binding sites cluster with those of pita (PubMed:33752739). Interacts with ZIPIC (PubMed:25342723).

(UniProt, Q95RQ8)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

7POK

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\pita using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

0.57

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism | intense | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

antennal primordium