FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\Myd88
Open Close
General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Myd88
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Myd88
Annotation Symbol
CG2078
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0033402
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
32 publicly available
Gene Summary
Myd88 (Myd88) encodes an adaptor protein involved in in the Toll pathway functioning downstream of the product of Tl and upstream of the product of tub. Toll pathway is a signaling cascade that plays a key role in various developmental and immune processes, notably embryonic dorsoventral patterning and regulation of antimicrobial peptides. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

dMyD88, DmMyD88, krapfen, kra, Myd88F

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
45C5-45C5
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-60
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:9302823..9308722
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (23 terms)
Molecular Function (6 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate binding
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Marek and Kagan, 2012)
enables protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:wek; FB:FBgn0001990
(Chen et al., 2006)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Fadd; FB:FBgn0038928
(Horng and Medzhitov, 2001)
enables signaling adaptor activity
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Marek and Kagan, 2012)
enables Toll binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Tl; FB:FBgn0262473
(Tauszig-Delamasure et al., 2002)
inferred from direct assay
(Horng and Medzhitov, 2001)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables TIR domain binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR017281
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables Toll-like receptor binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000386853
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Biological Process (15 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (12 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in antifungal humoral response
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Xu et al., 2023)
involved_in defense response to fungus
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Tauszig-Delamasure et al., 2002)
involved_in defense response to Gram-positive bacterium
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Marek and Kagan, 2012, Tauszig-Delamasure et al., 2002)
involved_in dorsal/ventral axis specification
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Charatsi et al., 2003)
involved_in dorsal/ventral pattern formation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kambris et al., 2003)
involved_in innate immune response
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Sun et al., 2002)
involved_in positive regulation of antifungal peptide production
inferred from direct assay
(Tauszig-Delamasure et al., 2002)
involved_in positive regulation of antimicrobial peptide production
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Horng and Medzhitov, 2001)
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Bonnay et al., 2014)
involved_in response to mycotoxin
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Xu et al., 2023)
involved_in response to tumor cell
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Parisi et al., 2014)
involved_in Toll signaling pathway
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Xu et al., 2023, Daigneault et al., 2013, Marek and Kagan, 2012, Sun et al., 2002, Horng and Medzhitov, 2001)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:tub; FB:FBgn0003882
(Tauszig-Delamasure et al., 2002)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:pll; FB:FBgn0010441
(Tauszig-Delamasure et al., 2002)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:for; FB:FBgn0000721
(Kanoh et al., 2021)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:tub; FB:FBgn0003882,FLYBASE:Tl; FB:FBgn0262473
(Charatsi et al., 2003)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (6 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in defense response to Gram-positive bacterium
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000386853
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in innate immune response
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000386853
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR017281
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
involved_in signal transduction
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000157
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
involved_in Toll signaling pathway
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000386853
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000386853
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Marek and Kagan, 2012)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in plasma membrane
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000386853
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Pathway (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Myd88 (Myd88) encodes an adaptor protein involved in in the Toll pathway functioning downstream of the product of Tl and upstream of the product of tub. Toll pathway is a signaling cascade that plays a key role in various developmental and immune processes, notably embryonic dorsoventral patterning and regulation of antimicrobial peptides. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
Pathway (FlyBase)
TOLL-NF-kappaB SIGNALING PATHWAY CORE COMPONENTS -
In Drosophila, the canonical Toll signaling pathway is initiated by the binding of a spatzle ligand to Toll (Tl) or a Toll-like receptor leading to the nuclear localization of the NF-κB (dl or Dif) transcription factor. (Adapted from FBrf0091014 and FBrf0223077).
Summary (Interactive Fly)

an an adaptor protein - death domain protein - encodes an essential component of the Toll pathway in dorsoventral pattern formation - involved in signal transduction in the immune response in the regulation of antimicrobial peptides.

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
3
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Myd88 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q7K105)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Myd88-RA
FBtr0088598
NM_136635
2758
537
Myd88-RB
FBtr0333000
NM_001273892
3613
537
Myd88-RC
FBtr0345024
NM_001299317
2424
537
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Myd88-PA
FBpp0087679
61.2
537
8.83
Q7K105
NP_610479
AAF58953
Myd88-PB
FBpp0305215
61.2
537
8.83
Q7K105
NP_001260821
AGB93354
Myd88-PC
FBpp0311274
61.2
537
8.83
Q7K105
NP_001286246
AHN56044
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

537 aa isoforms: Myd88-PA, Myd88-PB, Myd88-PC
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Myd88 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-1.25

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
anal pad primordium

Comment: reported as anal pad specific anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
anterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
embryonic anal pad
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval midgut
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval midgut interstitial cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
gastric caecum
(Fisher et al., 2012)
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage -- adult stage
organism
(Tauszig-Delamasure et al., 2002)
Additional Descriptive Data

Myd88 transcript is expressed at all developmental stages.

(Tauszig-Delamasure et al., 2002)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 4 -- 5
cell
(Sun et al., 2004)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Marek and Kagan, 2012)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Myd88 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 1-3
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 19 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 18 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Myd88
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Myd88
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 7 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal | abnormal dorsal/ventral axis specification | maternal effect (with Myd88kra-1)
lethal | abnormal dorsal/ventral axis specification | maternal effect (with Myd88kra-56)
lethal | abnormal dorsal/ventral axis specification | maternal effect | recessive
lethal - all die during embryonic stage | germline clone | maternal effect | recessive
lethal - all die during embryonic stage | germline clone | non-rescuable maternal effect | recessive
lethal - all die during embryonic stage | maternal effect
viable
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Sterility
Allele
female fertile
female sterile
female sterile | recessive
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal immune response
abnormal immune response, with Scer\GAL4c564
abnormal immune response | adult stage
abnormal immune response | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4c564
abnormal immune response | recessive
decreased cell number | embryonic stage
decreased cell number | pupal stage (with Df(2R)BSC279)
increased cell death | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
increased cell death | pupal stage (with Df(2R)BSC279)
increased cell number | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
increased cell number | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
increased mortality
increased mortality | conditional
short lived | conditional, with Scer\GAL4c564
some die during embryonic stage | maternal effect
some die during embryonic stage | maternal effect | recessive
some die during embryonic stage | non-rescuable maternal effect | recessive
some die during pupal stage
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
embryonic epidermis | ventral
embryonic epidermis | ventral (with Myd88kra-1)
embryonic epidermis | ventral (with Myd88kra-56)
filzkorper
larval central nervous system | embryonic stage
larval ventral nerve cord | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
larval ventral nerve cord | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
larval ventral nerve cord | pupal stage (with Df(2R)BSC279)
neuron | embryonic stage
neuron | larval stage | increased number, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
neuron | pupal stage (with Df(2R)BSC279)
neuron | pupal stage | increased number, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
ventral denticle belt
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (11)
Hsap\MYD88
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\IL1RAP
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\IL18R1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\IL18RAP
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\SIGIRR
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\TIRAP
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\TLR2
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\TLR4
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TLR5
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TLR6
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\TLR7
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (13)
Rnor\Myd88
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Il1rap
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Il18r1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Il18rap
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pidd1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Sigirr
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Ticam2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tirap
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Tlr2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tlr4
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tlr6
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tlr7
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tlr13
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (11)
Mmus\Myd88
10 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Il1rap
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Il18r1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Il18rap
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Sigirr
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Ticam2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tirap
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Tlr2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tlr4
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tlr5
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tlr13
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (12)
Xtro\myd88
7 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\XB5829846
6 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\il1rap
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\il18rap
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\LOC100485358
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tlr1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tlr2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tlr8
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tlr13
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tlr14.3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\ube2k
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\XB5889249
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (9)
Drer\myd88
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\tirap
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\tlr2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tlr4al
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tlr4ba
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tlr4bb
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tlr18
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tlr20.2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tlr22
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (13)
Agam\MYD
9 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001002
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009061
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP010634
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012385
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP013027
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\TOLL1A
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\TOLL1B
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\TOLL5A
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\TOLL5B
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\TOLL6
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\TOLL7
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\TOLL9
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Myd88. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (8)
MstProx
1 of 13
Tehao
1 of 13
Tl
1 of 13
Toll-4
1 of 13
Toll-6
1 of 13
Toll-7
1 of 13
Toll-9
1 of 13
Tollo
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Myd88RNAi.UAS.cUa
    exacerbates  cancer
    modeled by dlg1A40.2
    (Parisi et al., 2014)
    Myd88GD9716
    exacerbates  carcinoma
    modeled by dlg1A40.2
    (Parvy et al., 2019)
    ameliorates  acute myeloid leukemia
    modeled by Mmus\Tet2R1261C.UAS.Tag:FLAG
    (Ismail et al., 2023)
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    MYD88; MYD88 innate immune signal transduction adaptor
    11 of 14
    602170
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
    Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
    protein-protein
    Physical Interaction
    Assay
    References
    Myd88 - Fadd
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Horng and Medzhitov, 2001)
    Myd88 - Herc4
    coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Kanoh et al., 2015)
    Myd88 - Pli
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Ji et al., 2014)
    Myd88 - Sarm
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Foldi et al., 2017)
    Myd88 - Sumo
    coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Kanoh et al., 2015)
    Myd88 - Tl
    anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation
    (Sun et al., 2004, Tauszig-Delamasure et al., 2002, Horng and Medzhitov, 2001)
    Myd88 - Toll-6
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Foldi et al., 2017)
    Myd88 - Toll-7
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Foldi et al., 2017)
    Myd88 - for
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Kanoh et al., 2021)
    Myd88 - pll
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation
    (Sun et al., 2004, Sun et al., 2002, Tauszig-Delamasure et al., 2002, Horng and Medzhitov, 2001)
    Myd88 - tub
    coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, cosedimentation, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, x ray scattering, isothermal titration calorimetry, predetermined participant, experimental knowledge based
    (Kanoh et al., 2015, Guruharsha et al., 2011, Towb et al., 2009, Moncrieffe et al., 2008, Sun et al., 2004, Sun et al., 2002)
    Myd88 - wek
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Chen et al., 2006)
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Myd88
    suppressible
    BaraA2
    (Huang et al., 2023)
    Myd88
    suppressible
    bsk
    (Foldi et al., 2017)
    Myd88
    enhanceable
    Toll-6
    (Foldi et al., 2017)
    Myd88
    enhanceable
    Toll-6|Toll-7
    (Foldi et al., 2017)
    Myd88
    suppressible
    tor::tub
    (Charatsi et al., 2003)
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Bbd
    suppressible
    Myd88
    (Lin et al., 2019)
    dlg1
    suppressible
    Myd88
    (Parvy et al., 2019)
    dlg1
    suppressible
    Def|Myd88
    (Parvy et al., 2019)
    dlg1
    enhanceable
    Myd88
    (Parvy et al., 2019, Parisi et al., 2014)
    pnr
    enhanceable
    Myd88
    (Pena-Rangel et al., 2002)
    Sarm
    enhanceable
    Myd88
    (Foldi et al., 2017)
    Tl
    suppressible
    Myd88
    (Valanne et al., 2010, Charatsi et al., 2003)
    Toll-6
    enhanceable
    Myd88
    (Foldi et al., 2017)
    wek
    enhanceable
    Myd88
    (Foldi et al., 2017)
    External Data
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    2R
    Recombination map
    2-60
    Cytogenetic map
    45C5-45C5
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    45C5-45C5
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Pknk11209 and P{lacW}wunk09507&P{lacW}l(2)k12402k12402
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    45C4-45C4
    (Luschnig et al., 2004, Tauszig-Delamasure, 2001.9.22)
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location

    2-60

    (FlyBase, 2016)

    2-58.3

    (Comeron et al., 2012)
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (32)
    Genomic Clones (19)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (33)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
     

    polyclonal

    (Ji et al., 2014)
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Cell Line Information
    Publicly Available Cell Lines
     
      Other Stable Cell Lines
       
        Other Comments

        Myd88 is required for the establishment of dorsal ventral pattern in the embryo.

        (Charatsi et al., 2003)

        Myd88 RNA is maternally supplied to the embryo.

        (Kambris et al., 2003)

        Myd88 encodes an essential component of the Tl pathway in dorsoventral pattern formation.

        (Kambris et al., 2003)

        dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology.

        (Kiger et al., 2003)

        Myd88 an adapter in the Tl signalling pathway that associates with BG4.

        (Horng and Medzhitov, 2001)
        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database merge of
        Additional comments
        Nomenclature History
        Source for database identify of

        Source for identity of: Myd88 CG2078

        (Wasserman, 2000)
        Nomenclature comments
        Etymology
        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (19)
        Reported As
        Symbol Synonym
        CG2078
        (National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Trivedi et al., 2020, Çiçek et al., 2016, Christis and Munro, 2012, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Charatsi et al., 2003, Tauszig-Delamasure et al., 2002, Wasserman, 2000, Xu et al., 2000)
        DMMYD88
        (Kimbrell and Beutler, 2001)
        DmMyD88
        (Chtarbanova and Imler, 2011, Zsindely et al., 2009, Chen, 2006, Chen et al., 2006, Kambris et al., 2003, Tauszig-Delamasure et al., 2002)
        DmMyd88
        (Lemaitre, 2000.12.20, Wasserman, 2000)
        EP(2)2535
        (Pena-Rangel et al., 2002)
        Kra
        (Moussian and Roth, 2005)
        LD20892
        (Pena-Rangel et al., 2002)
        MYD88
        (Mishra et al., 2021, Ferrandon, 2013, Waterhouse et al., 2007)
        MyD8
        (Cheung et al., 2022)
        MyD88
        (Singh et al., 2025, Balakireva et al., 2024, Lu et al., 2024, Meyer et al., 2024, Mpamhanga and Kounatidis, 2024, Rai and Bergmann, 2024, Wang et al., 2024, Khan et al., 2023, Qu et al., 2023, Stączek et al., 2023, Williams et al., 2023, Xu et al., 2023, Benoit et al., 2022, Cammarata-Mouchtouris et al., 2022, Valanne et al., 2022, Wang et al., 2022, Buhlman et al., 2021, Csonka et al., 2021, Li and Hidalgo, 2021, Lima et al., 2021, Ozakman and Eleftherianos, 2021, Rosendo Machado et al., 2021, Cohen et al., 2020, Li and Hidalgo, 2020, Li et al., 2020, Palmer et al., 2020, Galenza and Foley, 2019, Lin et al., 2019, Valanne et al., 2019, Nie et al., 2018, Del Signore et al., 2017, Clemmons et al., 2015, Imler, 2014, Ji et al., 2014, Lindsay and Wasserman, 2014, Panayidou et al., 2014, Arvanitis et al., 2013, Quintin et al., 2013, Bier and Guichard, 2012, Eleftherianos and Castillo, 2012, Kounatidis and Ligoxygakis, 2012, Nakamoto et al., 2012, Sampson et al., 2012, Vanha-Aho et al., 2012, Limmer et al., 2011, Moule et al., 2010, Valanne et al., 2010, Cronin et al., 2009, Towb et al., 2009, Yano et al., 2008, Busse et al., 2007, Kuranaga and Miura, 2007, Kwiatkowski, 2005, Brennan and Anderson, 2004, Steiner, 2004, Sun et al., 2003, Christophides et al., 2002, Janssens and Beyaert, 2002, Sun et al., 2002, Sun et al., 2002, Imler and Hoffmann, 2001, Khush and Lemaitre, 2000, Medzhitov and Janeway, 2000)
        Myd88
        (Bayar et al., 2025, Luo et al., 2025, Peng et al., 2025, Qin et al., 2025, Xiu et al., 2025, Hachfi et al., 2024, Huang et al., 2024, Luo et al., 2024, Perlmutter et al., 2024, Zhou et al., 2024, Burghardt et al., 2023, Chen et al., 2023, He et al., 2023, Ismail et al., 2023, Robert et al., 2023, Xu et al., 2023, D'Souza et al., 2022, Evans et al., 2022, Kong et al., 2022, Lu and Chtarbanova, 2022, Nüsslein-Volhard, 2022, Singh and Tapadia, 2022, Takeuchi et al., 2022, Yu et al., 2022, Bilder et al., 2021, DeAngelis et al., 2021, Park et al., 2021, Schneider and Imler, 2021, Sciambra and Chtarbanova, 2021, Krautz et al., 2020, Asri et al., 2019, Sanuki et al., 2019, Camuglia et al., 2018, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, Min and Tatar, 2018, Christesen et al., 2017, Duneau et al., 2017, Foldi et al., 2017, Louradour et al., 2017, Park et al., 2017, Costechareyre et al., 2016, Kumar et al., 2016, Lamiable et al., 2016, Liu et al., 2016, Sarov et al., 2016, Troutwine et al., 2016, Brunke et al., 2015, Kanoh et al., 2015, Woodcock et al., 2015, Xia et al., 2015, Bonnay et al., 2014, Engel et al., 2014, Keebaugh and Schlenke, 2014, Akbari et al., 2013, Telonis-Scott et al., 2013, Georgiev et al., 2012, Lim and Thiery, 2012, Valanne et al., 2011, Hill-Burns and Clark, 2010, Huang et al., 2010, Kong et al., 2010, Blard et al., 2007, Ulvila et al., 2006, Bischoff et al., 2004)
        Myd88F
        (Zeitouni et al., 2007)
        dMYd88
        (Nelson et al., 2013)
        dMyD88
        (Kietz and Meinander, 2023, Nayak and Mishra, 2022, Weiss and O'Neill, 2022, Arora and Ligoxygakis, 2020, Iwashita et al., 2020, Tafesh-Edwards and Eleftherianos, 2020, Balakrishnan et al., 2015, Sansone et al., 2015, Ward et al., 2015, Merkling and van Rij, 2013, Igboin et al., 2012, Marek and Kagan, 2012, Kurata, 2010, Diangelo et al., 2009, Kleino et al., 2008, Moncrieffe et al., 2008, Brennan and Anderson, 2004, Govind and Nehm, 2004, Janssens and Beyaert, 2003, Janssens and Beyaert, 2002, Khush et al., 2002, Mushegian and Medzhitov, 2001, Silverman and Maniatis, 2001)
        dMyd88
        (Kanoh et al., 2021, Schloop et al., 2020, Kanoh et al., 2019, Kenmoku et al., 2017, Tavignot et al., 2017, Kanoh et al., 2015, Akhouayri et al., 2011, Wang et al., 2011, Yagi et al., 2010, Akira et al., 2006, Moussian and Roth, 2005, Horng and Medzhitov, 2001)
        dsMyD88
        (Chen et al., 2022)
        kra
        (Luschnig et al., 2004, Luschnig et al., 2004, Charatsi et al., 2003)
        myd88
        (Song et al., 2026, Miao et al., 2022, Takeuchi et al., 2022, Parvy et al., 2019, Koltun et al., 2017, Akbari et al., 2014, Bonnay et al., 2014, Chen et al., 2007)
        Name Synonyms
        MyD88
        (Anthoney et al., 2018, Palmer et al., 2018, Mussabekova et al., 2017)
        Myd88
        Myd88F
        (Zeitouni et al., 2007)
        dMyD88
        (Kingsolver et al., 2013, Sabin et al., 2010)
        krapfen
        (Luschnig et al., 2004, Luschnig et al., 2004, Charatsi et al., 2003)
        Secondary FlyBase IDs
          Datasets (0)
          Study focus (0)
          Experimental Role
          Project
          Project Type
          Title
          Study result (0)
          Result
          Result Type
          Title
          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 60 )
          Sequence Crossreferences
          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
          UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          Other crossreferences
          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
          BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
          FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
          InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
          Linkouts
          BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
          FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
          Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
          iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
          Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
          KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
          References (255)