FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\trio

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\trio

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

trio

Annotation Symbol

CG18214

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0024277

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

85 publicly available

Gene Summary

trio (trio) encodes a Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that activates the Rho-family GTPases to regulate actin structure and cell adhesion. The GEF encoded by trio acts in several signaling pathways, including Abl tyrosine kinase and BMP signaling pathways. The product of trio is involved in neural wiring (axon and dendrite patterning and synaptogenesis) and muscle development. [Date last reviewed: 2018-09-20] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

l(3)S036810, l(3)S095914, M89, DTrio

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

61E1-61E2

Sequence location

3L:995,982..1,034,875 [-]

Recombination map

3-0.5

RefSeq locus

NT_037436 REGION:995982..1034875

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (17 terms)

Molecular Function (1 term)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity

inferred from direct assay

(van Impel et al., 2009, Newsome et al., 2000)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000518111

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:O75962

(Newsome et al., 2000)

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000219, InterPro:IPR001331

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Biological Process (11 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (10 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in actin cytoskeleton organization

inferred from direct assay

(Newsome et al., 2000)

inferred from expression pattern

(Liebl et al., 2000)

involved_in axon guidance

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Bateman et al., 2000, Liebl et al., 2000, Newsome et al., 2000)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Lar; FB:FBgn0000464

(Bateman et al., 2000)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Rac1; FB:FBgn0010333

(Bateman et al., 2000)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Abl; FB:FBgn0000017

(Liebl et al., 2000)

involved_in axon target recognition

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Liprin-α; FB:FBgn0046704

(Astigarraga et al., 2010)

involved_in central nervous system development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Saito et al., 2002, Bateman et al., 2000, Liebl et al., 2000)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Abl; FB:FBgn0000017

(Liebl et al., 2000)

involved_in imaginal disc-derived leg morphogenesis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Greenberg and Hatini, 2011)

involved_in mushroom body development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Schuldiner et al., 2008)

involved_in peripheral nervous system development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Bateman et al., 2000)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Lar; FB:FBgn0000464

(Bateman et al., 2000)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Rac1; FB:FBgn0010333

(Bateman et al., 2000)

involved_in positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction

inferred from direct assay

(Newsome et al., 2000)

involved_in positive regulation of synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Ball et al., 2010)

involved_in regulation of axonogenesis

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:LIMK1; FB:FBgn0283712

(Ng and Luo, 2004)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in axon guidance

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000518670

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in intracellular signal transduction

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001331

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Cellular Component (5 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in axon

inferred from direct assay

(Newsome et al., 2000)

located_in extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Newsome et al., 2000)

located_in growth cone

inferred from direct assay

(Newsome et al., 2000)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in cytoplasm

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000518111

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

is_active_in extrinsic component of membrane

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001481781

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

RHO GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTORS

SPECTRINS

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Gene Group (FlyBase)

RHO GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTORS -: RhoGEFs are Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs) for Rho family GTPases. They include Dbl-homology domain-containing proteins (the largest family of RhoGEFs) and CZH2 domain/Dock family GEFs. (Adapted from FBrf0190957).
SPECTRINS -: Spectrins are key components of the membrane cytoskeleton, mediating actin filament bundling, crosslinking, and binding. They are characterized by spectrin repeats (SRs) and other conserved domains, including calponin homology, EF hand, and calcium-binding motifs. Spectrins are crucial for maintaining cellular structure in diverse tissues, including muscle and neurons. (Adapted from FBrf0262762.)

Summary (Interactive Fly)

Rac guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor - Loss-of-function trio mutations result in the misdirection or stall of axons in embryos and also cause malformation of the mushroom body - functions in sculpting class specific dendrite morphogenesis in Drosophila sensory neurons

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\trio for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q7KVD1)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Annotated transcripts do not represent all possible combinations of alternative exons and/or alternative promoters.

Gene model reviewed during 6.02

Gene model reviewed during 6.46

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

trio-RA

FBtr0072644

NM_143703

9245

2263

trio-RB

FBtr0072647

NM_167849

4187

658

trio-RC

FBtr0072645

NM_167847

9510

2263

trio-RD

FBtr0072646

NM_167848

4904

804

trio-RE

FBtr0072648

NM_167850

3466

398

trio-RF

FBtr0072649

NM_206228

2959

658

trio-RG

FBtr0481695

NM_001414065

2499

522

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

8.0 (northern blot)

(Newsome et al., 2000)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

trio-PA

FBpp0072539

257.0

2263

6.56

FBpp0072542

73.4

658

8.36

FBpp0072540

257.0

2263

6.56

FBpp0072541

88.0

804

7.83

FBpp0072543

45.5

398

7.31

FBpp0089283

73.4

658

8.36

FBpp0428455

58.8

522

7.03

UYI58693

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

2263 aa isoforms: trio-PA, trio-PC

658 aa isoforms: trio-PB, trio-PF

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

2263 (aa)

(Awasaki et al., 2000, Newsome et al., 2000)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\trio using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-1.17

Transcript Expression

expression microarray

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult mushroom body

(Kobayashi et al., 2006)

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

organism | ubiquitous

Comment: maternal contribution

(Liebl et al., 2000)

embryonic stage 1 -- 5

organism | ubiquitous | uniform

Comment: maternally supplied

(Bateman et al., 2000)

embryonic stage 7 -- 9

mesoderm

(Liebl et al., 2000)

embryonic stage 10 -- 13

embryonic neuroblast | segmentally repeated

(Liebl et al., 2000)

embryonic stage 10 -- 16

presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system

(Liebl et al., 2000)

embryonic stage 11 -- 13

embryonic/larval gut

(Bateman et al., 2000)

embryonic stage 11 -- 16

larval central nervous system

(Bateman et al., 2000)

embryonic stage 13

embryonic epidermis | segment boundary

(Bateman et al., 2000)

muscle attachment site

(Liebl et al., 2000)

central nervous system

(Ball et al., 2010)

embryonic stage 14

larval ventral nerve cord

(Liebl et al., 2000)

embryonic stage 14 -- 15

embryonic leading edge cell

(Liebl et al., 2000)

embryonic stage 16

embryonic/larval gut | surrounding

(Liebl et al., 2000)

third instar larval stage

larval ventral nerve cord

(Ball et al., 2010)

prepupal stage P3

leg joint

(Greenberg and Hatini, 2011)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

organism

Comment: stronger expression 0-12 hr AEL

(Bateman et al., 2000)

Additional Descriptive Data

Expression in stage P3 pupal leg discs is restricted to presumptive leg joints.

(Greenberg and Hatini, 2011)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

symmetrical commissure

(Awasaki et al., 2000)

larval longitudinal connective

(Awasaki et al., 2000)

epidermis

(Awasaki et al., 2000)

muscle attachment site

(Awasaki et al., 2000)

embryonic stage 12 -- 17

neuron

• axon

(Awasaki et al., 2000)

larval stage

adult mushroom body gamma-lobe

(Awasaki et al., 2000)

larval stage & pupal stage

mushroom body

(Awasaki et al., 2000)

larval stage & adult stage

mushroom body calyx

(Awasaki et al., 2000)

third instar larval stage

eye disc

(Newsome et al., 2000)

neuron

• growth cone

(Newsome et al., 2000)

neuron

• axon

(Newsome et al., 2000)

mushroom body calyx

(Takaesu et al., 2012)

Kenyon cell

• plasma membrane

(Takaesu et al., 2012)

larval dorsal multidendritic neuron

(Iyer et al., 2012)

larval intersegmental nerve sensory neuron | subset

(Iyer et al., 2012)

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

day 5 of adulthood | male -- day 7 of adulthood | male

spermatozoon

(Wasbrough et al., 2010)

Additional Descriptive Data

trio protein is localized at or near the plasma membrane.

(Lin et al., 2013, Newsome et al., 2000)

trio protein is distributed in a patched pattern in the axons and cell bodies. The patches are in many cases associated with clusters of vesicles in the axoplasm. In the lamina, trio protein is found in the dendritic terminals that contact or intrude into the photoreceptor cells.

(Iyer et al., 2012, Awasaki et al., 2000)

trio protein is detected in embryos along axon fascicles starting in stage 12. By stage 16 it is detected primarily in longitudinal connectives and weakly in commissures of the CNS. trio protein is also detected in the epidermis and in muscle attachment sites. trio protein is detected throughout development. In the adult brain, weak staining is seen in a large number of cells in the cortex and in most neuropil regions. Strong staining is observed in mushroom body, lamina, and ellipsoid body neurons. Within the mushroom body, staining is observed in the alpha', beta' and gamma lobes but not in the alpha and beta lobes. trio protein is also observed in the developing mushroom body during larval and pupal stages.

(Awasaki et al., 2000)

trio protein is expressed in third instar eye imaginal discs in photoreceptor cells as well as in undifferentiated and nonneuronal cells. It is observed along the entire length of the axons as well as in growth cones in dissociated eye disc cells allowed to differentiate in vitro.

(Newsome et al., 2000)

Marker for

adult mushroom body alpha'-lobe

(Krashes et al., 2007)

adult mushroom body beta'-lobe

(Krashes et al., 2007)

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in axon

inferred from direct assay

(Newsome et al., 2000)

located_in extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Newsome et al., 2000)

located_in growth cone

inferred from direct assay

(Newsome et al., 2000)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

Reporter: Mi{Trojan-GAL4.0}trio^{MI13563-TG4.0}

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

wandering third instar larval stage

larval central nervous system | restricted

(Lee et al., 2018)

ventral nerve cord | restricted

(Lee et al., 2018)

Reporter: P{lacW}trio^S137203

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

third instar larval stage

motor neuron of larval ventral nerve cord

(Ball et al., 2010)

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\trio in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\trio

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\trio

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

43974/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0024277

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0024277

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0024277

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG18214

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0024277

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 60 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 31 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of trio

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of trio

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 9 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 9 )

Gene not disrupted in

Df(3L)Ar11

(Brumby et al., 2004, Saito et al., 2002, Newsome et al., 2000)

Df(3L)emc-E12

(Brumby et al., 2004, Liebl et al., 2000)

Df(3L)Fpa2

(Wei et al., 2003, Saito et al., 2002)

Df(3L)R-G5

(Brumby et al., 2004)

Gene disrupted in

Df(3L)4231

(Wei et al., 2003)

Df(3L)Ar12-1

(Bateman et al., 2000, Newsome et al., 2000)

Df(3L)Ar14-8

(Brumby et al., 2004, Szeged Stock Center, 1998-)

Df(3L)bab-PG

(Saito et al., 2002, Awasaki et al., 2000, Bateman et al., 2000)

Df(3L)Fpa1

(Saito et al., 2002, Awasaki et al., 2000, Liebl et al., 2000)

Inferred from location ( 7 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal

trio^MI03652

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^c305a

trio^{GEF1.UAS.Tag:MYC}

lethal | recessive

lethal - all die before end of larval stage | recessive

trio^E4.1

lethal - all die before end of prepupal stage (with Df(3L)Fpa1)

trio^M89

partially lethal (with Df(3L)ED202)

trio^{MI13563-TG4.0}

partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

trio^{GEF1.UAS.Tag:MYC}

partially lethal - majority die (with Df(3L)Fpa1)

trio^S036810

partially lethal - majority die | recessive

partially lethal - majority live (with trio^M89)

trio^S036810

partially lethal - majority live (with trio^S036810)

trio^M89

viable

trio^S036810

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

trio^GD9531

viable, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

trio^{GEF2.UAS.Tag:MYC}

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

trio^GD9531

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

trio^GD9531

viable (with trio^M89)

trio^S036810

viable (with trio^S036810)

trio^M89

Sterility

Allele

sterile

trio^S036810

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal flight, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

trio^GD9531

abnormal locomotor behavior (with Df(3L)Fpa1)

trio^S036810

abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage

trio^MB09917

abnormal neuroanatomy

trio^S137203

abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4^sev.EP

trio^GD9531

abnormal neuroanatomy (with Df(3L)Ar12-1)

trio^S137203

abnormal neuroanatomy (with Df(3L)Fpa1)

abnormal neuroanatomy (with trio¹)

abnormal neuroanatomy (with trio^6A)

abnormal neuroanatomy (with trio^123.4)

trio¹

abnormal neuroanatomy (with trio^IMP159.4)

trio^M89

abnormal neuroanatomy (with trio^M89)

trio^IMP159.4

abnormal neuroanatomy (with trio^S137203)

trio^6A

abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

trio^{GEF1.UAS.Tag:MYC}

abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage | somatic clone

abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage 17

trio^6A

abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage (with trio¹)

trio⁸

abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage (with trio⁸)

trio¹

abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PG

abnormal neuroanatomy | pupal stage | somatic clone

trio³

abnormal neuroanatomy | somatic clone

trio^LL00125

abnormal neuroanatomy | somatic clone | third instar larval stage

trio⁸

some die during larval stage | recessive

trio^E4.1

some die during prepupal stage | recessive (with Df(3L)Fpa1)

trio^M89

some die during P-stage (with trio^M89)

trio^S036810

some die during P-stage (with trio^S036810)

trio^M89

visible

trio^{GEF1.GMR.Tag:MYC}

visible, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PFa

trio^UAS.cBa

visible, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

trio^GD9531

visible (with trio^M89)

trio^S036810

visible (with trio^S036810)

trio^M89

visible | recessive

wild-type

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

adult mushroom body, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

adult mushroom body (with Df(3L)Fpa1)

trio^S036810

adult mushroom body (with trio^E4.1)

trio^S036810

adult mushroom body (with trio^S036810)

trio^E4.1

adult mushroom body | somatic clone

adult mushroom body alpha-lobe | absent, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

trio^{GEF1.UAS.Tag:MYC}

adult mushroom body beta-lobe | absent, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

trio^{GEF1.UAS.Tag:MYC}

axon | pupal stage | somatic clone

trio³

axon | somatic clone | third instar larval stage

trio⁸

chaeta, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

trio^GD9531

chaeta | increased number, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

trio^GD9531

dendritic branch | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PG

ellipsoid body (with Df(3L)Fpa1)

trio^S036810

ellipsoid body (with trio^E4.1)

trio^S036810

ellipsoid body (with trio^S036810)

trio^E4.1

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage

trio^S137203

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage (with Df(3L)Ar12-1)

trio^S137203

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage (with trio¹)

trio^6A

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage (with trio^6A)

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage (with trio^S137203)

trio^6A

embryonic central nervous system & axon

trio^unspecified

embryonic peripheral nervous system & axon

trio^unspecified

embryonic somatic muscle cell (with trio¹)

trio⁸

embryonic somatic muscle cell (with trio⁸)

trio¹

eye

trio^{GEF1.GMR.Tag:MYC}

eye, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PFa

trio^UAS.cBa

eye photoreceptor cell | somatic clone

trio^unspecified

growth cone filopodium | pupal stage | somatic clone

trio³

larval abdominal segmental nerve

larval anterior commissure (with Df(3L)Fpa1)

trio^M89

larval central nervous system

trio^E4.1

larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaC, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PG

larval intersegmental nerve

larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNb of A1-7 (with trio¹)

larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNb of A1-7 (with trio⁸)

trio¹

larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNb of A1-7 (with trio^123.4)

trio¹

larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNb of A1-7 | embryonic stage

trio^123.4

larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNb of A1-7 | embryonic stage (with trio¹)

trio⁸

larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNb of A1-7 | embryonic stage (with trio⁸)

larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNb of A1-7 | embryonic stage (with trio^123.4)

trio⁸

larval longitudinal connective

larval longitudinal connective (with Df(3L)Fpa1)

larval longitudinal connective | embryonic stage 17

trio^6A

larval posterior commissure (with Df(3L)Fpa1)

trio^M89

larval segmental nerve branch SNa of A1-7 (with trio¹)

trio⁸

larval segmental nerve branch SNa of A1-7 (with trio⁸)

trio¹

larval VL3/4 motor neuron

trio^S137203

lobe system of adult mushroom body, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

trio^{GEF1.UAS.Tag:MYC}

medulla, with Scer\GAL4^sev.EP

trio^GD9531

mushroom body medial lobe (with Df(3L)Fpa1)

trio^S036810

mushroom body medial lobe (with trio^E4.1)

trio^S036810

mushroom body medial lobe (with trio^S036810)

trio^E4.1

mushroom body medial lobe | somatic clone

trio^E4.1

mushroom body vertical lobe (with Df(3L)Fpa1)

trio^S036810

mushroom body vertical lobe (with trio^E4.1)

trio^S036810

mushroom body vertical lobe (with trio^S036810)

trio^E4.1

mushroom body vertical lobe | somatic clone

trio^E4.1

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage

trio^S137203

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage (with Df(3L)Ar12-1)

trio^S137203

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage (with trio¹)

trio^6A

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage (with trio^6A)

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage (with trio^S137203)

trio^6A

ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PFa

trio^UAS.cBa

photoreceptor cell & axon

trio^{GEF1.GMR.Tag:MYC}

photoreceptor cell & axon, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

photoreceptor cell & axon (with trio¹)

trio^S138606

photoreceptor cell & axon (with trio⁸)

trio^S138606

photoreceptor cell & axon (with trio^S138606)

photoreceptor cell & axon | somatic clone

photoreceptor cell & eye disc, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

trio^{GEF1.UAS.Tag:MYC}

photoreceptor cell R7, with Scer\GAL4^sev.EP

trio^GD9531

photoreceptor cell R7 & axon | somatic clone

trio⁸

photoreceptor cell R7 | pupal stage | somatic clone

trio³

photoreceptor cell R7 | somatic clone

photoreceptor neuron, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

trio^{GEF1.UAS.Tag:MYC}

presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system

trio^E4.1

symmetrical commissure (with Df(3L)Fpa1)

trio^IMP159.4

symmetrical commissure (with trio^IMP159.4)

trio^M89

symmetrical commissure (with trio^M89)

trio^IMP159.4

trichogen cell, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

trio^GD9531

wing

wing (with Df(3L)Fpa1)

trio^S036810

wing (with trio^M89)

trio^S036810

wing (with trio^S036810)

trio^M89

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (76)

Hsap\TRIO

12 of 14

Yes

Hsap\KALRN

11 of 14

Yes

3 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

Yes

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (59)

Rnor\Kalrn

11 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Trio

11 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Arhgef25

3 of 14

Yes

3 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (56)

Mmus\Kalrn

11 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Trio

11 of 14

Yes

3 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

Yes

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (31)

Xtro\trio

10 of 13

Yes

Xtro\kalrn

6 of 13

Yes

Xtro\sestd1

2 of 13

Xtro\abr

1 of 13

Xtro\ankk1

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\arhgef26

1 of 13

Xtro\arhgef38

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\prex2

1 of 13

Xtro\rasgrf2

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (69)

Drer\trioa

12 of 14

Yes

Drer\kalrnb

11 of 14

Yes

Drer\triob

11 of 14

Yes

Drer\kalrna

9 of 14

Yes

Drer\arhgef25b

3 of 14

Yes

Drer\sestd1

3 of 14

Drer\arhgef25a

2 of 14

Yes

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (18)

Cele\unc-73

12 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (25)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP006107

6 of 12

Yes

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Yes

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (3)

Scer\CDC24

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\ROM1

1 of 13

Yes

Scer\ROM2

1 of 13

Yes

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (2)

Spom\gef1

1 of 12

Yes

Spom\scd1

1 of 12

Yes

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:trio. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (22)

5 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

sif

2 of 13

Vav

2 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

kst

1 of 13

Mer

1 of 13

pbl

1 of 13

Ptpmeg

1 of 13

RhoGAP1A

1 of 13

RhoGEF3

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 2 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

TRIO; trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor

model of autosomal dominant intellectual developmental disorder 44

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of autosomal dominant intellectual developmental disorder 63 with macrocephaly

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

trio^UAS.cUa

exacerbates cancer

modeled by sav^RNAi.UAS.cUa

(Jang et al., 2017)

modeled by hpo^RNAi.UAS.cUa

(Jang et al., 2017)

modeled by wts^RNAi.UAS.cUa

(Jang et al., 2017)

modeled by Tao^RNAi.UAS.cUa

(Jang et al., 2017)

modeled by yki^{S168A.UAS.cUa}

(Jang et al., 2017)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

TRIO; trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor

12 of 14

601893

KALRN; kalirin RhoGEF kinase

11 of 14

604605

ARHGEF25; Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 25

3 of 14

610215

SESTD1; SEC14 and spectrin domain containing 1

3 of 14

621011

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

RNA-RNA

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

trio - mir-184

luminiscence technology

(Iovino et al., 2009, Kertesz et al., 2007)

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

trio - Abl

pull down, anti tag western blot

(Forsthoefel et al., 2005)

trio - Dab

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Le Gall et al., 2008)

trio - Mtl

enzymatic study, autoradiography

(van Impel et al., 2009, Newsome et al., 2000)

trio - N

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Kannan et al., 2018, Le Gall et al., 2008)

trio - Rab14

pull down, peptide massfingerprinting

(Gillingham et al., 2014)

trio - Rab6

pull down, peptide massfingerprinting

(Gillingham et al., 2014)

trio - Rac1

enzymatic study, autoradiography

(van Impel et al., 2009, Newsome et al., 2000)

trio - Rac2

enzymatic study, autoradiography

(van Impel et al., 2009, Newsome et al., 2000)

trio - fra

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down

(Forsthoefel et al., 2005)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

trio

enhanceable

Abl

(Liebl et al., 2000)

Abl|trio

suppressible

ena

(Forsthoefel et al., 2005, Liebl et al., 2000)

trio

suppressible

ena

(Liebl et al., 2000)

trio

enhanceable

fax

(Liebl et al., 2000)

trio

enhanceable

kst

(Lee and Thomas, 2011)

enhanceable

(Ng and Luo, 2004)

enhanceable

(Newsome et al., 2000)

trio

enhanceable

Pak

(Newsome et al., 2000)

trio

suppressible

Rac1

(Hakeda-Suzuki et al., 2002)

trio

enhanceable

Rac1

(Newsome et al., 2000)

trio

suppressible

Rac2

(Hakeda-Suzuki et al., 2002)

trio

enhanceable

SCAR

(Kannan et al., 2017)

trio

enhanceable

seq

(Dean et al., 2013)

trio

enhanceable

Vav

(Malartre et al., 2010)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Abl

enhanceable

trio

(Liebl et al., 2000)

Abl

suppressible

trio

(Kannan et al., 2017)

CycE

suppressible

trio

(Brumby et al., 2004)

Dab

enhanceable

trio

(Song et al., 2010)

dock

enhanceable

trio

(Newsome et al., 2000)

fra

enhanceable

trio

(Forsthoefel et al., 2005)

kst

suppressible

trio

(Lee and Thomas, 2011)

kst

enhanceable

trio

(Lee and Thomas, 2011)

Lar

enhanceable

trio

(Maurel-Zaffran et al., 2001, Bateman et al., 2000)

Lar

suppressible

trio

(Holbrook et al., 2012, Maurel-Zaffran et al., 2001)

suppressible

(Ng and Luo, 2004)

enhanceable

(Ng and Luo, 2004)

suppressible

(Astigarraga et al., 2010)

Liprin-β

suppressible

trio

(Astigarraga et al., 2010)

Mad

suppressible

trio

(Ball et al., 2010)

Mad

enhanceable

trio

(Ball et al., 2010)

suppressible

trio

(Song and Giniger, 2011, Crowner et al., 2003)

enhanceable

trio

(Kuzina et al., 2011)

Nab2

suppressible

trio

(Lancaster et al., 2024)

Nab2

enhanceable

trio

(Lancaster et al., 2024)

enhanceable

(Hu et al., 2001)

suppressible

(Ball et al., 2010, Geisbrecht and Montell, 2004, Bateman et al., 2000)

RhoGAP100F

suppressible

trio

(Holbrook et al., 2012)

SCAR

enhanceable

trio

(Kannan et al., 2017)

Shrm

suppressible

trio

(Hildebrand et al., 2021)

tkv|sax

suppressible

trio

(Ball et al., 2010)

Vav

enhanceable

trio

(Malartre et al., 2010)

wit

suppressible

trio

(Ball et al., 2010)

External Data

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

68751

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0024277

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

43974

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

43974

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Class of Gene

gene_with_edited_transcript

(Rodriguez et al., 2012, Graveley et al., 2011)

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-0.5

Cytogenetic map

61E1-61E2

Sequence location

3L:995,982..1,034,875 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

61E1-61E2

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)05967⁰⁵⁹⁶⁷ and P{PZ}l(3)02640⁰²⁶⁴⁰

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

61E1-61F2

(Liebl, 1999.12.15)

61E-61E

(Newsome, 1999.12.12)

61F8-61F8

(determined by in situ hybridisation) 61E (determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Szeged Stock Center, 1998-)

61E-61E

(determined by in situ hybridisation) 61F8 (determined by in situ hybridisation) 61F1--2 (determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Deak et al., 1997)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-0.5

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-1.0

(Comeron et al., 2012)

(Hill et al., 1995)

Left of (cM)

(Hill et al., 1995)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (85)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Korea

12392

P{VT023793-GAL4}attP2

12916

P{VT023788-GAL4}attP2

13133

P{VT023797-GAL4}attP2

13724

P{VT023795-GAL4}attP2

13725

P{VT023796-GAL4}attP2

14788

P{VT023789-GAL4}attP2

15464

P{VT023800-GAL4}attP2

15512

P{GMR17C05-GAL4}attP2

14487

P{VT023796-lexA}attP2

15939

P{VT023797-lexA}JK22C

NIG-Fly

18214R-1

P{NIG.18214R}1

18214R-2

P{NIG.18214R}2

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (35)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (79)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

FI18839

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0024277

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0024277

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

monoclonal

(Awasaki et al., 2000)

polyclonal

(Newsome et al., 2000)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research

9.4A_anti-Trio

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R⁺ cell morphology.

(Kiger et al., 2003)

dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene is tested in an RNAi screen for effects on actin-based lamella formation.

(Rogers et al., 2003)

trio is essential in order for neurites to faithfully extend on the correct pathways. It may also play a postdevelopmental role in neurite terminals.

(Awasaki et al., 2000)

Mutants deficient in trio activity display defects in both central and peripheral axon pathways reminiscent of phenotypes observed in embryos deficient in small GTPase function.

(Bateman et al., 2000)

trio and Abl co-operate in regulating axon outgrowth in the embryonic central nervous system.

(Liebl et al., 2000)

trio is required for normal photoreceptor axon guidance.

(Newsome et al., 2000)

Isolated on the basis of sequence similarity to human Trio.

(Bateman et al., 1998)

Haploinsufficiency dependent upon an Abl mutant background (HDA).

(Hill et al., 1995)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: Trio l(3)S036810 M89

(Liebl et al., 2000)

Source for merge of: trio l(3)S036810 l(3)S095914

(Newsome et al., 2000)

Source for merge of: trio CG18214

(Manning, 2001.3.20)

Source for merge of: trio BEST:LD36950

(Rana, 2004.7.8)

Source for merge of: Trio CG9208

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Additional comments

Source for merge of Trio CG9208 was sequence comparison ( date:000525 ).

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (23)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

0368/10

(Deak et al., 1997)

0959/14

(Deak et al., 1997)

1372/03

(Deak et al., 1997)

1386/06

(Deak et al., 1997)

BEST:LD36950

CG18214

(Schwartz et al., 2016, Hosono et al., 2015, Christis and Munro, 2012, Greenberg and Hatini, 2011, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Perkins et al., 2009, Berger et al., 2008, Rogers et al., 2003, Manning, 2001.3.20)

CG9208

(Saito et al., 2002)

DTrio

(Stoker, 2001, den Hertog, 1999)

M89

(Hill et al., 1995)

TRIO

(Knight et al., 2010, Slack et al., 2010, Martini and Davis, 2005)

Trio

(Lu et al., 2025, Chu et al., 2024, Pfeifer et al., 2022, Roberto and Emery, 2022, Bircher and Koleske, 2021, Puñal et al., 2021, Bahrampour and Thor, 2020, Chou et al., 2020, Jang et al., 2020, Kiral et al., 2020, Skouloudaki et al., 2020, Jang et al., 2017, Shao et al., 2017, Copf, 2015, Yasunaga et al., 2015, Fitzsimons et al., 2013, Vaque et al., 2013, Vaqué et al., 2013, Gates, 2012, Iyer et al., 2012, Kucherenko et al., 2012, Takaesu et al., 2012, Awasaki et al., 2011, Bayat et al., 2011, Rodal et al., 2011, Song and Giniger, 2011, Bates et al., 2010, Knight et al., 2010, Miyamoto and Yamauchi, 2010, Lv et al., 2009, van Impel et al., 2009, Le Gall et al., 2008, Liebl and Featherstone, 2008, Bakal et al., 2007, Shcherbata et al., 2007, Awasaki et al., 2006, Hu, 2005, Rogers et al., 2003, Boutros et al., 2002, Baas and Luo, 2001, Chiba, 2001, Duchek et al., 2001, Dietzl et al., 2000, Lin and Greenberg, 2000, Awasaki, 1999.12.1, Li, 1999.11, Liebl, 1999.12.15, Newsome, 1999.12.12, Bateman et al., 1998)

UNC-73/Trio

(Reif and Cyster, 2002)

dTrio

(Vaqué et al., 2013)

l(3)036810

(Giniger, 2003.7.28)

l(3)6D104

(Wei et al., 2003)

l(3)S036810

(Szeged Stock Center, 1998-)

l(3)S095914

(Szeged Stock Center, 1998-)

l(3)S137203

(Bateman et al., 2000)

l(3)S138606

(Bateman et al., 2000)

l(3)S^1372/3

(Bateman et al., 2000)

l(3)S^1386/06

(Bateman et al., 2000)

l(3)trio

(Wei et al., 2003)

trio

(Janssens et al., 2025, Jones et al., 2025, Miao et al., 2024, di Pietro et al., 2023, Garcia-Vaquero et al., 2023, Vicidomini and Serpe, 2022, Uçkun et al., 2021, Kitatani et al., 2020, Lecheta et al., 2020, Wei et al., 2020, Yoong et al., 2020, Zhao et al., 2020, Mu et al., 2019, Özel et al., 2019, Croset et al., 2018, Lee et al., 2018, Spinner et al., 2018, Jansen et al., 2017, Kannan et al., 2017, Nakamura et al., 2017, Sharma et al., 2017, Upadhyay et al., 2017, Zhang et al., 2017, Becker et al., 2016, Garaulet et al., 2016, Gene Disruption Project members, 2016-, Long et al., 2016, Rohde et al., 2016, Ruan et al., 2016, Aradska et al., 2015, Gene Disruption Project members, 2015-, Morozova et al., 2015, Yasunaga et al., 2015, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Cantera et al., 2014, Choi et al., 2014, Pézeron et al., 2014, Das et al., 2013, Dean et al., 2013, Lin et al., 2013, Sen et al., 2013, Terriente-Felix et al., 2013, Fuentes-Medel et al., 2012, Gates, 2012, Holbrook et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Rodriguez et al., 2012, Goossens et al., 2011, Greenberg and Hatini, 2011, Kuzina et al., 2011, Lee and Thomas, 2011, Astigarraga et al., 2010, Ball et al., 2010, Malartre et al., 2010, Song et al., 2010, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Iovino et al., 2009, Krejcí et al., 2009, Font-Burgada et al., 2008, Malartre and Bermudo, 2008, Ng, 2008, Pawson et al., 2008, Schuldiner et al., 2008, Williams et al., 2008, Bakal et al., 2007, Conder et al., 2007, Joly et al., 2007, Kertesz et al., 2007, Liebl et al., 2007, Magalhaes et al., 2007, Wang and Lin, 2007, Furuhashi et al., 2006, Kobayashi et al., 2006, Kulkarni et al., 2006, Slack et al., 2006, Saito et al., 2002)

Name Synonyms

Trio

(Rogers et al., 2003)

trio

(Berger et al., 2008)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0015758
FBgn0028051
FBgn0028162
FBgn0035180
FBgn0035182
FBgn0046252

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 110 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

43974

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q7KVD1

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q7KVD1

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

43974/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0024277

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0024277

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0024277

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG18214

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

43974

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

68751

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0024277

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0024277

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0024277

Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research

9.4A_anti-Trio

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0024277

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0024277

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG18214

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0024277

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC003063

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

43974

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

43974

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

References (240)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

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