FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\babo
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\babo
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
baboon
Annotation Symbol
CG8224
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0011300
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
35 publicly available
Enzyme Name (EC)
receptor protein serine/threonine kinase (2.7.11.30)
Gene Summary
baboon (babo) encodes the type I receptor for the activin-like ligands encoded by daw, Actβ and myo. There are three isoforms of the product of babo that differ only in their extracellular domain likely resulting in different ligand binding specificity. It can form a complex with the type II receptors put or wit in the presence of an activin like ligand. This results in the transcriptional regulation of activin responsive genes. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

Atr-I, AtrI, Atr45A, Activin A receptor 45A, l(2)k16912

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
44F11-44F12
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-59
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:8952339..8962796
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (33 terms)
Molecular Function (8 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables activin binding
inferred from direct assay
(Wrana et al., 1994)
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9V4F4
(Lee-Hoeflich et al., 2005)
enables activin receptor activity, type I
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Jensen et al., 2009)
inferred from direct assay
(Gesualdi and Haerry, 2007, Lee-Hoeflich et al., 2005, Brummel et al., 1999)
enables activin receptor activity
inferred from direct assay
(Das et al., 1999)
enables protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:put; FB:FBgn0003169
(Brummel et al., 1999)
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity
inferred from direct assay
(Peterson et al., 2012)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables activin binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000583887
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables activin receptor activity, type I
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000583887
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables ATP binding
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables protein kinase activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000719, InterPro:IPR001245, InterPro:IPR008271
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000333, InterPro:IPR000472, InterPro:IPR003605
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Biological Process (22 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (18 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in activin receptor signaling pathway
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Lee et al., 2024, Upadhyay et al., 2020, Langerak et al., 2018, Chng et al., 2014, Peterson et al., 2012, Jensen et al., 2009)
inferred from direct assay
(Gesualdi and Haerry, 2007, Parker et al., 2006, Lee-Hoeflich et al., 2005, Brummel et al., 1999, Das et al., 1999)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Actβ; FB:FBgn0024913
(Song et al., 2017)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Smox; FB:FBgn0025800
(Wells et al., 2017, Hevia and de Celis, 2013, Zheng et al., 2003)
involved_in axon guidance
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Parker et al., 2006, Serpe and O'Connor, 2006)
involved_in cellular response to glucose stimulus
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chng et al., 2014)
acts_upstream_of_positive_effect determination of adult lifespan
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Langerak et al., 2018)
involved_in eye-antennal disc morphogenesis
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:smo; FB:FBgn0003444
(Shyamala and Bhat, 2002)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:ptc; FB:FBgn0003892
(Shyamala and Bhat, 2002)
involved_in glucose homeostasis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Song et al., 2017)
involved_in imaginal disc growth
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Upadhyay et al., 2020)
involved_in imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Dworkin and Gibson, 2006)
involved_in mushroom body development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Awasaki et al., 2011, Zheng et al., 2003)
involved_in negative regulation of autophagy
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Bai et al., 2013)
involved_in neuron development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Zheng et al., 2006)
acts_upstream_of positive regulation of glycogen catabolic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Song et al., 2017)
involved_in positive regulation of imaginal disc growth
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Gesualdi and Haerry, 2007)
involved_in positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Zhu et al., 2008)
involved_in positive regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction
inferred from direct assay
(Lee-Hoeflich et al., 2005)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Peterson et al., 2012)
involved_in R8 cell fate specification
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Wells et al., 2017)
involved_in regulation of imaginal disc-derived wing size
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Hevia and de Celis, 2013)
involved_in regulation of synapse structure or activity
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kim and O'Connor, 2014)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in activin receptor signaling pathway
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000583887
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in cell surface receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000333
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
involved_in cellular response to growth factor stimulus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000583675
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in dendrite morphogenesis
non-traceable author statement
(Grueber and Jan, 2004)
involved_in nervous system development
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000583887
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of activin receptor complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:put; FB:FBgn0003169
(Lee-Hoeflich et al., 2005, Das et al., 1999, Wrana et al., 1994)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:wit; FB:FBgn0024179
(Lee-Hoeflich et al., 2005)
located_in plasma membrane
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Sarov et al., 2016)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of activin receptor complex
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000583887
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
located_in membrane
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000333, InterPro:IPR000472, InterPro:IPR003605
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
is_active_in plasma membrane
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002758232
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Pathway (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (A1Z7L8)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
protein serine/threonine kinase activity
transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase activity
(1) L-seryl-[receptor-protein] + ATP = O-phospho-L-seryl-[receptor- protein] + ADP + H(+) (2.7.11.30)
(2) L-threonyl-[receptor-protein] + ATP = O-phospho-L-threonyl-[receptor- protein] + ADP + H(+) (2.7.11.30)
RHEA 18673:
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
baboon (babo) encodes the type I receptor for the activin-like ligands encoded by daw, Actβ and myo. There are three isoforms of the product of babo that differ only in their extracellular domain likely resulting in different ligand binding specificity. It can form a complex with the type II receptors put or wit in the presence of an activin like ligand. This results in the transcriptional regulation of activin responsive genes. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Pathway (FlyBase)
ACTIVIN SIGNALING PATHWAY CORE COMPONENTS -
The activin signaling pathway is one of two branches of Transforming Growth Factor-β family signaling in Drosophila. The binding of an activin family dimer to a heterodimeric serine/threonine kinase receptor complex results in the phosphorylation of Smox, a members of the Smad family. Smox forms a complex with the co-Smad, Med. This complex translocates into the nucleus and regulates the transcription of target genes in concert with other nuclear cofactors. (Adapted from FBrf0236482.)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
TGF-BETA TYPE I RECEPTORS -
The Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor (TGF-βR) family are transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. They form heterodimeric receptor complexes composed of type I and type II subunits. Upon ligand binding, the constitutively active type II receptor phosphorylates the type I receptor which, in turn, phosphorylates a member of the Smad family. (Adapted from FBrf0236482.)
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Type I transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase involved in the activin-like TGF-beta signaling pathway (PubMed:10320478, PubMed:17119022, PubMed:18820452, PubMed:8289834). Forms a receptor complex with a type II transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase, and upon activation by an activin/TGF-beta-like ligand phosphorylates downstream receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) transcription factors, inducing their nuclear localization resulting in regulation of activin/TGF-beta-responsive genes (PubMed:10320478, PubMed:17119022, PubMed:18820452, PubMed:8289834). When part of a heteromeric complex with the type I receptor put/punt can be activated by the activin/TGF-beta-like ligands Actbeta/activin, daw/dawdle and possibly myo/myoglianin; ligand specificity is probably isoform-dependent (PubMed:17119022, PubMed:18820452, PubMed:8289834). Upon activation phosphorylates the R-SMAD Smox/SMAD2 to activate the canonical TGF-beta pathway (PubMed:10320478, PubMed:17119022, PubMed:18820452, PubMed:19766717, PubMed:9887103). Can also phosphorylate Mad, the R-SMAD of the dpp BMP-like signaling pathway, in response to daw signaling but to a lesser extent (PubMed:18820452, PubMed:22563507). Phosphorylation of Mad is competitively regulated by Smox/SMAD2 (PubMed:22563507). Positive regulator of cell proliferation, probably through activation of the SMAD2-dependent activin signaling pathway (PubMed:9887103). Required for normal proliferation of medulla neuroblasts and laminar precursor cells in the optic lobe (PubMed:18171686). Involved in regulation of the ecdysteroid hormone receptor EcR in neuronal cells throughout the central nervous system (PubMed:38913612). Involved in axonal and dendritic pruning and neural remodeling of mushroom body gamma neurons during metamorphosis through regulation of EcR (PubMed:12581521). Involved in differentiation of dorsal cluster and ellipsoid body adult-specific neurons prior to metamorphosis (PubMed:16437159). Required in motoneurons for axon guidance or outgrowth of ISNb and SNa axons (PubMed:17119022). Involved in regulation of wing growth (PubMed:18820452). Signaling by daw or myo is involved in lifespan determination through regulation of proteasome-mediated degradation of misfolded or damaged proteins (PubMed:29615416).
(UniProt, A1Z7L8)
Summary (Interactive Fly)

transmembrane protein - Type 1 activin-A-receptor for ligands Dawdle, Activin-β and Myoglianin - essential for proper pupation and adult viability - alternatively spliced into isoforms that differ only in their extracellular domain likely resulting in different ligand binding specificity

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
3
Number of Unique Polypeptides
3

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\babo for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry A1Z7L8)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
babo-RA
FBtr0088659
NM_057652
4776
601
babo-RB
FBtr0088658
NM_057651
4839
622
babo-RC
FBtr0300599
NM_001169621
4758
595
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
babo-PA
FBpp0087740
67.3
601
7.83
A1Z7L9
NP_477000
AAF59011
babo-PB
FBpp0087739
69.3
622
8.21
A1Z7L8
NP_476999
AAM71094
babo-PC
FBpp0289826
66.0
595
7.08
Q7YU60
NP_001163092
ACZ94371
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

622, 601 (aa)

(Wrana et al., 1994)
Comments

babo protein activates TGF-β/Activin response elements, but not BMP response elements, in in vitro assays. Activated babo protein phosphorylates the C-terminal SSXS motif of Smox protein. Med and Smox proteins form some complexes in the absence of activated babo protein, but the level of complex formation increases significantly in the presence of the activated babo protein. Smox protein also interacts transiently with putFBtr0091350:pb-XRbabo protein complexes.

(Brummel et al., 1999)
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with put; forms a heteromeric receptor complex that can bind the activin-type ligand Actbeta (PubMed:8289834). As part of the babo-put complex associates with Smox/SMAD2; dissociates upon phosphorylation of Smox (PubMed:10320478, PubMed:9887103).

(UniProt, A1Z7L8)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\babo using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-1.92

Transcript Expression
expression microarray
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
indirect flight muscle cell
(Katti et al., 2017)
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
(Wrana et al., 1994)
third instar larval stage
imaginal disc
(Wrana et al., 1994)
adult stageoogenesis stage S10 -- S11
oocyte
(Wrana et al., 1994)
nurse cell
(Wrana et al., 1994)
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage -- adult stage
(Wrana et al., 1994)
embryonic stage 1 -- 6

Comment: reference states 0-3 hr AEL

(Wrana et al., 1994)
adult stage | female
(Wrana et al., 1994)
RT-PCR
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
third instar larval stage
larval brain

Comment: isoform-specific expression

(Jensen et al., 2009)
wing disc

Comment: isoform-specific expression

(Jensen et al., 2009)
embryonic/larval fat body

Comment: isoform-specific expression

(Jensen et al., 2009)
embryonic/larval gut

Comment: isoform-specific expression

(Jensen et al., 2009)
Additional Descriptive Data

Isoform-specific expression for three splice variants of babo was demonstrated. One isoform is detected in brain and wing disc, one is detected predominantly in wing disc, and the third isoform is detected in fat body and gut but not brain or wing disc.

(Jensen et al., 2009)

The 3.6 and 4.0 kb babo transcripts are found in 0-3 hr embryos, and in adult females.

(Wrana et al., 1994)

The 4.9 kb babo transcript is expressed throughout development.

(Wrana et al., 1994)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of activin receptor complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:put; FB:FBgn0003169
(Lee-Hoeflich et al., 2005, Das et al., 1999, Wrana et al., 1994)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:wit; FB:FBgn0024179
(Lee-Hoeflich et al., 2005)
located_in plasma membrane
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Sarov et al., 2016)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\babo in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 32 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 42 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of babo
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of babo
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 20 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal | recessive
lethal - all die before end of larval stage
lethal - all die before end of larval stage (with babo4)
lethal - all die before end of larval stage (with baboNp4)
lethal - all die before end of larval stage | recessive
lethal - all die before end of P-stage (with baboAΔ7)
lethal - all die before end of P-stage (with baboBΔ4)
lethal - all die before end of P-stage (with baboNp4)
lethal - all die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Sterility
Allele
female semi-sterile, with Scer\GAL4VP16.mat.αTub67C
female semi-sterile, with Scer\GAL4VP16.nanos.UTR, Scer\GAL4VP16.otu, Scer\GAL4nanos.PG
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal behavior | larval stage
abnormal cell adhesion | oogenesis, with Scer\GAL4slbo.2.6
abnormal cell growth, with Scer\GAL4A9
abnormal cell migration | oogenesis, with Scer\GAL4slbo.2.6
abnormal cell number | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR31H09
abnormal cell number | larval stage (with babo4)
abnormal cell number | larval stage (with baboAΔ7)
abnormal cell number | larval stage (with baboNp4)
abnormal developmental rate
abnormal developmental rate | larval stage
abnormal developmental rate | somatic clone
abnormal flight | progressive, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW
abnormal neuroanatomy
abnormal neuroanatomy, with Hsim\VP16AD-VGlut1-OK371, Scer\GAL4DBD.ort.C2
abnormal neuroanatomy (with babo32)
abnormal neuroanatomy (with babo52)
abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4repo.PU
abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage | progressive, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4DIP-γ-MI03222-GAL4
abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage
abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155, baboA.ΔI.UAS
abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155, baboB.ΔI.UAS
abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4RapGAP1-OK6, baboA.ΔI.UAS
abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4RapGAP1-OK6, baboB.ΔI.UAS
abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage (with babo32)
abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage (with babo52)
abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage | germline clone
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR31H09
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage (with babo4)
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage (with babo32)
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage (with babo52)
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage (with baboAΔ7)
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage (with baboNp4)
abnormal neuroanatomy | prepupal stage (with babo26)
abnormal neuroanatomy | prepupal stage (with babo32)
abnormal neuroanatomy | prepupal stage (with babo52)
abnormal neuroanatomy | pupal stage (with babo32)
abnormal neuroanatomy | pupal stage (with babo52)
abnormal neuroanatomy | somatic clone
abnormal phototaxis | somatic clone
abnormal size | adult stage | germline clone (with babo32)
abnormal size | adult stage | germline clone (with babo52)
abnormal size | larval stage
abnormal size | larval stage (with babo4)
abnormal size | larval stage (with baboCΔ1)
abnormal size | larval stage (with baboNp4)
abnormal size | late third instar larval stage (with babo4)
abnormal size | late third instar larval stage (with baboNp4)
decreased body size | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
decreased body size | larval stage (with babo4)
decreased body size | larval stage (with baboBΔ4)
decreased body size | larval stage (with baboNp4)
decreased cell number | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
decreased cell number | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4repo.PU
decreased cell number | adult stage | progressive, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
decreased cell number | larval stage | somatic clone
decreased cell number | prepupal stage (with babo32)
decreased cell number | prepupal stage (with babo52)
decreased cell number | progressive | spermatogenesis, with Scer\GAL4upd1-E132
decreased occurrence of cell division | larval stage
decreased occurrence of cell division | third instar larval stage (with babo32)
decreased occurrence of cell division | third instar larval stage (with babo52)
decreased size | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4ci.PC
decreased size | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4NP5130
decreased size | larval stage
decreased size | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PU
decreased size | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR31H09
decreased size | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4hh-Gal4
decreased size | larval stage (with baboAΔ7)
decreased size | larval stage (with baboNp4)
decreased size | pharate adult stage, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
decreased size | pharate adult stage (with baboAΔ7)
decreased size | pharate adult stage (with baboNp4)
decreased speed of aging, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW
increased size, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PU
increased size, with Scer\GAL4ppl.PU
increased size | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PU
long lived
short lived, with Scer\GAL4nSyb.PU
short lived | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
some die during larval stage
some die during larval stage | recessive
visible, with Scer\GAL4A9
visible, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
visible, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
visible, with Scer\GAL4vg.MQ.Exel
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
visible | dominant
visible | P-stage (with baboAΔ7)
visible | P-stage (with baboNp4)
wild-type
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
adult antennal lobe projection neuron
adult brain | pharate adult stage, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
adult brain | pharate adult stage (with baboAΔ7)
adult brain | pharate adult stage (with baboNp4)
adult head capsule (with Df(2R)Np1)
adult head capsule (with Df(2R)Np3)
adult medulla neuropil associated glial cell (with babo32)
adult medulla neuropil associated glial cell (with babo52)
adult mushroom body & axon
adult mushroom body | somatic clone
adult mushroom body gamma-lobe | somatic clone
adult optic lobe
adult optic lobe | pharate adult stage, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
adult optic lobe | somatic clone
adult somatic muscle cell | progressive, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW
anal pad
antennal lobe & axon
anterior-posterior compartment boundary of the wing disc | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4hh-Gal4
anterior pupal spiracle (with babo32)
anterior pupal spiracle (with babo52)
autophagosome, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW
axon & photoreceptor cell
axon & photoreceptor cell R7 (with babo32)
axon & photoreceptor cell R7 (with babo52)
axon & photoreceptor cell R8 (with babo32)
axon & photoreceptor cell R8 (with babo52)
axon | somatic clone
border follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4slbo.2.6
brain (with babo32)
brain (with babo52)
calyx of mushroom body & axon
cell body rind of adult medulla (with babo32)
cell body rind of adult medulla (with babo52)
cyst cell of testis, with Scer\GAL4upd1-E132
cyst progenitor cell, with Scer\GAL4upd1-E132
dendrite | adult stage | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4DIP-γ-MI03222-GAL4
distal medullary amacrine neuron Dm8a, with Hsim\VP16AD-VGlut1-OK371, Scer\GAL4DBD.ort.C2
distal medullary amacrine neuron Dm8a | adult stage | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4DIP-γ-MI03222-GAL4
distal medullary amacrine neuron Dm8a | somatic clone
dorsal cluster neuron & axon | somatic clone
dorsal cluster neuron & neurite | somatic clone
ellipsoid body | somatic clone
embryonic/larval anal pad | larval stage
embryonic/larval anal pad | larval stage (with baboCΔ1)
embryonic/larval anal pad | larval stage (with baboNp4)
embryonic/larval anterior spiracle
embryonic/larval fat body | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PU
embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage (with babo32)
embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage (with babo52)
embryonic/larval optic lobe (with babo32)
embryonic/larval optic lobe (with babo52)
embryonic/larval optic lobe | larval stage
embryonic/larval optic lobe | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR31H09
embryonic/larval optic lobe | larval stage (with babo4)
embryonic/larval optic lobe | larval stage (with baboAΔ7)
embryonic/larval optic lobe | larval stage (with baboNp4)
embryonic/larval optic lobe | somatic clone
embryonic brain
epithelium | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4hh-Gal4
eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
eye photoreceptor cell | adult stage | decreased number, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
eye photoreceptor cell | adult stage | decreased number, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
eye photoreceptor cell | adult stage | decreased number, with Scer\GAL4repo.PU
eye photoreceptor cell | larval stage (with babo4)
eye photoreceptor cell | larval stage (with baboAΔ7)
eye photoreceptor cell | larval stage (with baboNp4)
fascicle | somatic clone
fat body, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PU
fat body, with Scer\GAL4ppl.PU
gamma Kenyon cell
gamma-lobe & dendrite | somatic clone
gamma-lobe & neuron | somatic clone
ganglion mother cell & larval optic lobe (with babo32)
ganglion mother cell & larval optic lobe (with babo52)
hub cell | absent, with Scer\GAL4upd1-E132
hub cell | decreased number, with Scer\GAL4upd1-E132
imaginal disc
Kenyon cell | somatic clone
lamina (with babo32)
lamina (with babo52)
lamina anlage (with babo32)
lamina anlage (with babo52)
lamina anlage glial cell (with babo32)
lamina anlage glial cell (with babo52)
lamina forming neuroblast | larval stage (with babo4)
lamina forming neuroblast | larval stage (with baboAΔ7)
lamina forming neuroblast | larval stage (with baboNp4)
larva
larval abdominal segmental nerve
larval abdominal segmental nerve, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155, baboA.ΔI.UAS
larval abdominal segmental nerve, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155, baboB.ΔI.UAS
larval abdominal segmental nerve, with Scer\GAL4RapGAP1-OK6, baboA.ΔI.UAS
larval abdominal segmental nerve, with Scer\GAL4RapGAP1-OK6, baboB.ΔI.UAS
larval abdominal segmental nerve (with babo32)
larval abdominal segmental nerve (with babo52)
larval abdominal segmental nerve | germline clone
larval brain
larval brain, with Scer\GAL4GMR31H09
larval brain (with babo4)
larval brain (with baboAΔ7)
larval brain (with baboNp4)
larval brain | late third instar larval stage (with babo4)
larval brain | late third instar larval stage (with baboNp4)
larval brain | somatic clone
larval central brain
larval central brain (with babo4)
larval central brain (with baboAΔ7)
larval central brain (with baboNp4)
larval inner optic anlage (with babo32)
larval inner optic anlage (with babo52)
larval intersegmental nerve
larval intersegmental nerve, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155, baboA.ΔI.UAS
larval intersegmental nerve, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155, baboB.ΔI.UAS
larval intersegmental nerve, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR, baboA.ΔI.UAS
larval intersegmental nerve, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR, baboB.ΔI.UAS
larval intersegmental nerve, with Scer\GAL4RapGAP1-OK6, baboA.ΔI.UAS
larval intersegmental nerve, with Scer\GAL4RapGAP1-OK6, baboB.ΔI.UAS
larval intersegmental nerve (with babo32)
larval intersegmental nerve (with babo52)
larval outer optic anlage (with babo32)
larval outer optic anlage (with babo52)
larval transverse nerve (with babo32)
larval transverse nerve (with babo52)
larval ventral nerve cord (with babo4)
larval ventral nerve cord (with baboAΔ7)
larval ventral nerve cord (with baboNp4)
leg | pharate adult stage (with babo32)
leg | pharate adult stage (with babo52)
lipid droplet, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PU
lipid droplet, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
lipid droplet, with Scer\GAL4ppl.PU
lipid droplet | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
lipid droplet | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
lipid droplet | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PU
lobula columnar neuron LC14 | somatic clone
lysosome | progressive, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW
medulla (with babo32)
medulla (with babo52)
medulla anlage (with babo26)
medulla anlage (with babo32)
medulla anlage (with babo52)
medulla forming neuroblast (with babo32)
medulla forming neuroblast (with babo52)
mesonotum, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
neuroblast | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR31H09
neuroblast | larval stage (with babo4)
neuroblast | larval stage (with baboAΔ7)
neuroblast | larval stage (with baboNp4)
olfactory neuron & axon
olfactory neuron & dendrite
ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
ommatidium | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4elav.PU
ommatidium | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
ommatidium | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4repo.PU
optic cartridge (with babo32)
optic cartridge (with babo52)
optic lobe neuroepithelial cell | decreased number (with babo4)
optic lobe neuroepithelial cell | decreased number (with baboAΔ7)
optic lobe neuroepithelial cell | decreased number (with baboNp4)
persistent antennal lobe projection neuron
photoreceptor cell R7 & axon (with babo32)
photoreceptor cell R7 & axon (with babo52)
photoreceptor cell R7 | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R8 & axon (with babo32)
photoreceptor cell R8 & axon (with babo52)
protocerebrum | somatic clone
pupa (with baboAΔ7)
pupa (with baboNp4)
retina, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
transmedullary neuron Tm20 | somatic clone
wing
wing, with Scer\GAL4A9
wing, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
wing, with Scer\GAL4NP5130
wing, with Scer\GAL4nub-AC-62
wing, with Scer\GAL4salm-459.2
wing anterior compartment, with Scer\GAL4ci.PC
wing blade, with Scer\GAL4vg.MQ.Exel
wing blade posterior compartment, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
wing disc
wing disc posterior compartment | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4hh-Gal4
wing hair, with Scer\GAL4ci.PC
wing vein
wing vein, with Scer\GAL4A9
wing vein, with Scer\GAL4nub-AC-62
wing vein, with Scer\GAL4salm-459.2
wing vein | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (25)
Hsap\ACVR1B
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Hsap\ACVR1C
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\TGFBR1
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\ACVR1
6 of 14
No
No
3  
Hsap\ACVRL1
6 of 14
No
No
Hsap\BMPR1A
5 of 14
No
No
Hsap\BMPR1B
5 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\ACVR2A
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ACVR2B
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\AMHR2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\BMPR2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\BMX
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\BTK
1 of 14
No
No
3  
Hsap\CSK
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\FPGT-TNNI3K
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\FYN
1 of 14
No
No
3  
Hsap\IRAK4
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\MAP3K10
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\MAP3K20
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\RAF1
1 of 14
No
No
9  
Hsap\RIPK3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\RPS6KA5
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TGFBR2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TNNI3K
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TYK2
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (14)
Rnor\Acvr1b
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Acvr1c
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Tgfbr1
11 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Acvrl1
6 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Acvr1
5 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Bmpr1b
5 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Bmpr1a
4 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Acvr2a
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Amhr2
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Acvr2b
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Bmpr2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\LOC686129
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Mertk
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Tgfbr2
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (13)
Mmus\Acvr1b
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Acvr1c
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Tgfbr1
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Acvrl1
6 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Acvr1
5 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Bmpr1a
5 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Bmpr1b
5 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Acvr2a
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Amhr2
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Acvr2b
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Bmpr2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Mertk
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Tgfbr2
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (20)
Xtro\acvr1c
9 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\tgfbr1
8 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\acvr1b
6 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\acvrl1
4 of 13
No
No
Xtro\acvr1
3 of 13
No
No
Xtro\bmpr1a
3 of 13
No
No
Xtro\bmpr1b
3 of 13
No
No
Xtro\acly
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\acvr2b
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\bmpr2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\csk
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\gbx2.2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\gpx7
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\irak4
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\jak2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\lmtk2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\map3k20
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\swsap1
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\tgfbr2l
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tgfbr2
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (21)
Drer\acvr1ba
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\acvr1bb
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\acvr1c
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\tgfbr1a
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\tgfbr1b
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\acvrl1
6 of 14
No
No
Drer\acvr1l
5 of 14
No
No
Drer\bmpr1aa
5 of 14
No
No
Drer\bmpr1ab
4 of 14
No
No
Drer\bmpr1ba
4 of 14
No
No
Drer\bmpr1bb
4 of 14
No
No
Drer\acvr2aa
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\acvr2ab
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\acvr2ba
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\bmpr2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\bmpr2b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC100331938
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\matk
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tgfbr2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tgfbr2b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tgfbr2l
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (11)
Cele\daf-1
8 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\sma-6
8 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\C18H7.4
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\daf-4
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\dlk-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\F57B9.8
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\frk-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\ksr-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\sel-15
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\zak-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\ZC581.7
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (13)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008247
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012476
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008248
9 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007729
5 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009329
4 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000763
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003174
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003986
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP004780
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP005567
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006510
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008317
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP013516
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (102)
Atha\AT1G11300
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT1G11330
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT1G16270
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT1G16670
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT1G18160
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT1G24030
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT1G51830
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT1G61360
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT1G61400
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT1G61440
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT1G61610
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT1G66910
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT1G67000
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT1G67890
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT1G73660
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT1G79570
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT2G14440
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT2G14510
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT2G19210
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT2G19230
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT2G24360
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT2G29220
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT2G31010
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT2G31800
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT2G43850
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT3G01490
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT3G06620
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT3G06630
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT3G06640
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT3G20200
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT3G22750
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT3G46930
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT3G50720
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT3G50730
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT3G53810
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT3G55550
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT3G58640
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT3G59740
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT3G59830
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT4G08850
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT4G14780
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT4G18250
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT4G23050
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT4G24480
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT4G28350
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT4G29990
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT4G31170
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT5G06740
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT5G10530
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT5G11850
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT5G25930
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT5G42440
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT5G47070
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT5G48740
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT5G50000
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT5G50180
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT5G57610
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT5G58950
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT5G59260
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\AT5G59270
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT5G65600
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT5G66710
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\ATMRK1
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\BRL1
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\BRL3
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CDKE;1
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CERK1
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CLV1
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\CRK3
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\CRK6
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CRK7
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CRK8
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CRK11
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CRK14
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CRK15
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CRK16
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CRK24
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CRK25
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CRK37
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CRK38
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CRK39
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CRK40
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CRK41
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CRK42
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CRLK1
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\CTR1
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\EDR1
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\GSO2
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\HLECRK
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\HT1
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\LECRKA4.2
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\LecRK-I.9
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\MEE39
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\NAK
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\RBK2
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\RK2
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\SD1-13
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\STY8
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\STY17
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\STY46
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\VIK
1 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\WAK5
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)
Scer\PKH2
1 of 13
Yes
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:babo. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (11)
sax
9 of 13
tkv
9 of 13
put
3 of 13
wit
3 of 13
Btk
1 of 13
CG17528
1 of 13
Csk
1 of 13
Raf
1 of 13
Tak1
1 of 13
Takl1
1 of 13
Takl2
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 2 )
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    ACVR1B; activin A receptor type 1B
    12 of 14
    601300
     
    ACVR1C; activin A receptor type 1C
    12 of 14
    608981
        TGFBR1; transforming growth factor beta receptor 1
        12 of 14
        190181
        ACVR1; activin A receptor type 1
        6 of 14
        ACTIVIN A RECEPTOR, TYPE I; ACVR1
         
        ACVRL1; activin A receptor like type 1
        6 of 14
        601284
        BMPR1A; bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 1A
        5 of 14
        601299
        BMPR1B; bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 1B
        5 of 14
        603248
         
        Functional Complementation Data
        Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
        Interactions
        Summary of Physical Interactions
        Summary of Genetic Interactions
        Interaction Browsers
        View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
        Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        babo
        suppressible
        bmm
        (Sheng et al., 2025)
        babo
        suppressible
        bsk
        (Sheng et al., 2025)
        babo
        suppressible
        CycA
        (Zhu et al., 2008)
        babo
        enhanceable
        daw
        (Parker et al., 2006)
        babo|Hr39
        suppressible
        EcR
        (Boulanger et al., 2011)
        babo
        suppressible
        EcR
        (Boulanger et al., 2011, Zheng et al., 2003)
        babo
        suppressible
        esg
        (Herrera et al., 2021)
        babo
        suppressible
        Lsd-2
        (Sheng et al., 2025)
        babo
        enhanceable
        Mad
        (Gesualdi and Haerry, 2007)
        babo
        suppressible
        Mad
        (Gesualdi and Haerry, 2007)
        babo
        suppressible
        mTor
        (Luo et al., 2020)
        babo
        enhanceable
        sev
        (Ting et al., 2007)
        babo
        enhanceable
        Smox
        (Peterson et al., 2012, Gesualdi and Haerry, 2007)
        babo
        suppressible
        Smox
        (Peterson et al., 2012)
        babo
        suppressible
        Snoo
        (Barrio et al., 2007, Ramel et al., 2007)
        babo
        suppressible
        SREBP
        (Sheng et al., 2025)
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        daw
        enhanceable
        babo
        (Parker et al., 2006)
        Mad
        enhanceable
        babo
        (Gesualdi and Haerry, 2007)
        mTor
        suppressible
        babo
        (Luo et al., 2020)
        peb
        suppressible
        babo
        (Wilk et al., 2004)
        plum
        suppressible
        babo
        (Yu et al., 2013, Yu et al., 2013)
        ptc
        suppressible
        babo
        (Shyamala and Bhat, 2002)
        Pten
        suppressible
        babo
        (Luo et al., 2020)
        sev
        suppressible
        babo
        (Ting et al., 2014)
        SMC1
        enhanceable
        babo
        (Schuldiner et al., 2008)
        Smox
        suppressible
        babo
        (Upadhyay et al., 2020, Peterson and O'Connor, 2013)
        Smox
        enhanceable
        babo
        (Gesualdi and Haerry, 2007)
        Snoo
        suppressible
        babo
        (Ramel et al., 2007)
        External Data
        Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
        Interacts with put; forms a heteromeric receptor complex that can bind the activin-type ligand Actbeta (PubMed:8289834). As part of the babo-put complex associates with Smox/SMAD2; dissociates upon phosphorylation of Smox (PubMed:10320478, PubMed:9887103).
        (UniProt, A1Z7L8 )
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        Pathways
        Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
        Metabolic Pathways
        FlyBase
        External Links
        External Data
        Linkouts
        KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
        Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
        SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
        Class of Gene
        Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
        Chromosome (arm)
        2R
        Recombination map
        2-59
        Cytogenetic map
        44F11-44F12
        Sequence location
        FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Evidence for location
        44F11-44F12
        Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Dmnk16109&P{lacW}Gγ1k08017 and P{lacW}babok16912
        Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Notes
        References
        45A1-45A2
        (O'Connor, 1993.12.22)
        44F11-44F12
        (determined by in situ hybridisation)
        (Spradling et al., 1999)
        44F11-44F12
        45A1--2
        (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
        45A1-45A2
        (determined by in situ hybridisation)
        (Wrana et al., 1994)
        Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
        Location

        2-59

        (FlyBase, 2016)

        2-58.0

        (Comeron et al., 2012)
        Left of (cM)
        Right of (cM)
        Notes
        Stocks and Reagents
        Stocks (35)
        Genomic Clones (16)
         

        Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

        cDNA Clones (81)
         

        Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

        cDNA clones, fully sequenced
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

          For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

          cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
          BDGP DGC clones
          Other clones
          RNAi and Array Information
          Linkouts
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          Antibody Information
          Laboratory Generated Antibodies
           
          Commercially Available Antibodies
           
          Cell Line Information
          Publicly Available Cell Lines
           
            Other Stable Cell Lines
             
            Other Comments

            Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) down-regulates a distinct splice isoform(s) of this gene.

            (Hansen et al., 2009)

            babo is required for generating the normal number of medulla neuroblasts and laminar precursor cells in the developing optic lobe.

            (Zhu et al., 2008)

            babo is required in R7 neurons to mediate a normal preference for UV light.

            (Ting et al., 2007)

            babo is required during the late larval stage for development of adult-specific neurons.

            (Zheng et al., 2006)

            dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology.

            (Kiger et al., 2003)

            babo/Smox mediated TGFΒ/Activin signalling mediates remodeling of mushroom body neurons via controlling EcR-B1 expression.

            (Zheng et al., 2003)

            ptc-smo signalling has a role in head morphogenesis to promote cell proliferation via activation of babo.

            (Shyamala and Bhat, 2002)

            Null mutations and germ line clone analysis demonstrate that babo is not required during embryogenesis but is essential for proper pupation and adult viability. The major defect in mutants is a reduction of cell proliferation within the primordia for adult structures.

            (Brummel et al., 1999)

            Activated babo cannot bind to or interact with Mad in tissue culture but can utilize Smox. In direction of increasing cytology: l(2)44Fc? babo+

            (Brummel et al., 1999)

            babo primarily regulates cell proliferation and has only minimal effects on patterning. The babo pathway is distinct from dpp/BMP signalling.

            (Brummel et al., 1999)

            Candidate gene for tibia length quantitative trait locus.

            (Macdonald and Goldstein, 1999)

            The babo phenotype is larval to pupal lethal. Molecular analysis of a mutant line indicates the lethality is solely caused by the insertion of a P-element.

            (Brummel et al., 1996)

            Biochemical characterisation of babo, a receptor that binds activin only when coexpressed with type II receptors with which it forms a complex, demonstrates the structural and ligand-binding properties of babo are those of an activin type I receptor. These observations suggest that heteromeric kinase receptor structure is broadly conserved in metazoa.

            (Wrana et al., 1994)
            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database merge of

            Source for merge of: babo l(2)k16912 l(2)44Fd

            (Brummel et al., 1999)

            Source for merge of: babo Gprk3

            (Misra, 2000.7.28)
            Additional comments
            Nomenclature History
            Source for database identify of
            Nomenclature comments
            Etymology
            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (25)
            Reported As
            Symbol Synonym
            ATR-1
            (Newfeld et al., 1999)
            ATR-I
            (Massagué and Chen, 2000)
            Atf1
            Atr-1
            (Das et al., 1999, Moses and Serra, 1996)
            Atr-I
            (Das et al., 1999, Josso and di Clemente, 1997, Ruberte et al., 1995, Wharton, 1995, Hogan, 1994, Wrana et al., 1994)
            Atr45A
            (Brummel et al., 1996)
            AtrI
            (ten Dijke et al., 1996)
            BABO
            (Haerry, 2010, Bickel et al., 2008, Gesualdi and Haerry, 2008, Gesualdi and Haerry, 2007)
            Bab
            (Eliazer and Buszczak, 2011, Keshishian and Kim, 2004)
            Babo
            (Bastin and Eleftherianos, 2023, Saha et al., 2022, Wang et al., 2022, Wu et al., 2022, Chatterjee and Perrimon, 2021, Khan et al., 2021, Meschi and Delanoue, 2021, Sood et al., 2021, Gou et al., 2020, Luo et al., 2020, Pan et al., 2020, Texada et al., 2020, Zhang et al., 2020, Nil et al., 2019, Langerak et al., 2018, Chng et al., 2017, Liu and Jin, 2017, Song et al., 2017, Wells et al., 2017, Lai et al., 2016, Yamanaka et al., 2013, Yu et al., 2013, Davis et al., 2011, Arora et al., 2008, Kamiya et al., 2008, Pistillo and Desplan, 2007, Pistillo et al., 2007, Parker et al., 2006, Zhu et al., 2006)
            BaboA
            (Upadhyay et al., 2017)
            Baboon
            (Puñal et al., 2021)
            CG8224
            (Li and Gilmour, 2013, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Hansen et al., 2009, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009.1.15, Morrison et al., 2000)
            Gprk-3
            (Cassill et al., 1991)
            Gprk3
            STK-E
            (Ruberte et al., 1995)
            atr-I
            (Brummel and O'Connor, 1995)
            babo
            (Bretscher and O'Connor, 2025, Klimkowski Arango and Morgante, 2025, Lee et al., 2025, Sheng et al., 2025, Ell et al., 2024, Everman and Macdonald, 2024, Lauraine et al., 2024, Krejčová et al., 2023, Lassetter et al., 2023, Bilder et al., 2021, Evans et al., 2021, Everetts et al., 2021, Fabian et al., 2021, Furusawa and Emoto, 2021, Herrera et al., 2021, Hertenstein et al., 2021, Joseph and Lai, 2021, Kim and O'Connor, 2021, Ostalé et al., 2021, Lai et al., 2020, Mira and Morante, 2020, Port et al., 2020, Rathore et al., 2020, Upadhyay et al., 2020, Hudry et al., 2019, Moss-Taylor et al., 2019, Raza et al., 2019, Wang et al., 2019, Zhu et al., 2019, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, Hoyer et al., 2018, Kanai et al., 2018, Ma et al., 2018, Muñoz-Soriano et al., 2018, Setiawan et al., 2018, Song et al., 2018, Jeibmann et al., 2017, Katti et al., 2017, Makhijani et al., 2017, Song et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Feoktistov and Herman, 2016, Sarov et al., 2016, Shen et al., 2016, Bornstein et al., 2015, Kanoh et al., 2015, Lengil et al., 2015, Ugrankar et al., 2015, Cantera et al., 2014, Sopko et al., 2014, Ting et al., 2014, Ting et al., 2014, Bai et al., 2013, Hevia and de Celis, 2013, Kniss et al., 2013, Marinho et al., 2013, Peterson and O'Connor, 2013, Yu et al., 2013, Boulanger et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Peterson et al., 2012, Takaesu et al., 2012, Awasaki et al., 2011, Awasaki et al., 2011, Boulanger et al., 2011, Clark et al., 2011, Dworkin et al., 2011, Hadjieconomou et al., 2011, Cook et al., 2010.2.12, Ellis et al., 2010, Rallis et al., 2010, Hartmann et al., 2009, Jensen et al., 2009, Pentek et al., 2009, Ng, 2008, Schuldiner et al., 2008, Zhu et al., 2008, Barrio et al., 2007, Goold and Davis, 2007, Herrero et al., 2007, Li et al., 2007, Ramel et al., 2007, Shi et al., 2007, Ting et al., 2007, Xing et al., 2007, Dworkin and Gibson, 2006, Dworkin and Gibson., 2006, Serpe and O'Connor, 2006, Takaesu et al., 2006, Bunt and Hime, 2004, Stanyon et al., 2004, Yang et al., 2004)
            l(2)44Fd
            l(2)k16912
            (Dockendorff et al., 2000)
            Name Synonyms
            Activin A receptor 45A
            (Brummel et al., 1996)
            Activin Type I receptor
            (Newfeld et al., 2007)
            Babo
            (Niwa and Niwa, 2016)
            Baboon
            (Colombani and Andersen, 2020, Cui et al., 2020, Sharifkhodaei et al., 2016, Lengil et al., 2015, Ting et al., 2014, Peterson and O'Connor, 2013, Awasaki et al., 2011, Ellis et al., 2010, Arora et al., 2008, Bickel et al., 2008, Herrero et al., 2007, Pistillo and Desplan, 2007, Ting et al., 2007, Parker et al., 2006, Zhu et al., 2006)
            G protein-coupled receptor kinase 3
            baboa
            (Boulanger et al., 2011)
            baboon
            (Tarikere et al., 2022, Feoktistov and Herman, 2016, Marinho et al., 2013, Peterson and O'Connor, 2013, Peterson et al., 2012, Davis et al., 2011, Hansen et al., 2009, Jensen et al., 2009, Hoopfer et al., 2008, Li et al., 2007, Newfeld et al., 2007, Xing et al., 2007, Dworkin and Gibson, 2006, Yang et al., 2004, Brummel et al., 1996)
            Secondary FlyBase IDs
            • FBgn0004835
            • FBgn0015469
            • FBgn0021802
            Datasets (0)
            Study focus (0)
            Experimental Role
            Project
            Project Type
            Title
            Study result (0)
            Result
            Result Type
            Title
            External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 63 )
            Sequence Crossreferences
            NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
            GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
            GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
            RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
            UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
            UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            Other crossreferences
            AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
            DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
            EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
            FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
            FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
            InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
            KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
            MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
            Linkouts
            BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
            FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
            FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
            FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
            iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
            Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
            KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
            MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
            SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
            References (281)