FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\toy

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\toy

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

twin of eyeless

Annotation Symbol

CG11186

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0019650

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

19 publicly available

Gene Snapshot

twin of eyeless (toy) encodes a transcription factor that is involved in eye development as part of the retinal determination gene network, and contributes to formation of the central nervous system. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]

Other Summaries

Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

l(4)8, l(4)102CDg

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

Sequence location

4:989,725..1,007,922 [+]

Recombination map

4-0

RefSeq locus

NC_004353 REGION:989725..1007922

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse GBrowse

Help me choose

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

NCBI

UCSC

Ensembl

Function

GO Summary Ribbons

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (12 terms)

Molecular Function (3 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific

inferred from direct assay

(Blanco et al., 2005)

enables RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Weasner et al., 2009)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002552508

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002552508

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Biological Process (9 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (7 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in brain morphogenesis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Furukubo-Tokunaga et al., 2009)

involved_in eye-antennal disc development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kronhamn et al., 2002)

involved_in mushroom body development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Furukubo-Tokunaga et al., 2009)

involved_in ocellus development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Blanco et al., 2010)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:oc; FB:FBgn0004102

(Blanco et al., 2010)

involved_in positive regulation of gene expression

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Blanco et al., 2010)

involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II

inferred from direct assay

(Blanco et al., 2005)

involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Weasner et al., 2009)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in anatomical structure development

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002552508

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

involved_in compound eye development

traceable author statement

(Curtiss et al., 2002)

involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002552508

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Cellular Component (0 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

PAIRED HOMEOBOX TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Group (FlyBase)

PAIRED HOMEOBOX TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS -: Paired homeobox transcription factors are sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that regulate transcription. They have a characteristic paired domain in association with the homeodomain. (Adapted from FBrf0135231 and PMID:1672661).

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\toy for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Annotated transcripts do not represent all possible combinations of alternative exons and/or alternative promoters.

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

Stop-codon suppression (UGA) postulated; FBrf0243886.

Gene model reviewed during 6.32

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

gene_with_edited_transcript

(Rodriguez et al., 2012)

gene_with_stop_codon_read_through

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2020, FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2019-)

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

toy-RA

FBtr0089185

NM_079899

2287

543

toy-RC

FBtr0339509

NM_001272151

3870

526

toy-RD

FBtr0479793

NM_001382011

3921

655

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

3.8, 2.7, 2.4 (northern blot)

(Kronhamn et al., 2002)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank

toy-PA

FBpp0088249

59.2

543

8.80

NP_524638

AAF59395

toy-PC

FBpp0308592

57.5

526

8.80

NP_001259080

AGB96570

toy-PD

FBpp0428126

71.3

655

9.45

QJC18381

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\toy using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

toy_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Expression Summary Ribbons

Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.

For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 9 -- 11

protocerebral neuroblast | subset

(Urbach and Technau, 2003)

procephalic neurogenic region & embryonic ocular segment | restricted

(Urbach and Technau, 2003)

deutocerebral neuroblast | subset

(Urbach and Technau, 2003)

procephalic neurogenic region & embryonic antennal segment | restricted

(Urbach and Technau, 2003)

embryonic stage 5

visual anlage

(Czerny et al., 1999)

procephalic neurogenic region

(Czerny et al., 1999)

embryonic stage 6 -- 10

protocerebrum primordium

(Czerny et al., 1999)

wandering third instar larval stage

eye disc anterior to the morphogenetic furrow

(Czerny et al., 1999)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)

central brain anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)

visual anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)

antennal anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)

dorsal head epidermis anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

antennal anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)

central brain anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)

dorsal head epidermis anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)

visual anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

antennal primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

central brain primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

visual primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

central brain primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic optic lobe primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

lateral cord neuron

(Fisher et al., 2012)

lateral cord surface glial cell

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 15

embryonic protocerebrum | restricted

(Takaesu et al., 2012)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

larval stage -- adult stage

(Kronhamn et al., 2002)

embryonic stage -- adult stage

(Kronhamn et al., 2002)

Additional Descriptive Data

toy transcript is detected in the embryonic protocerebrum, in the cells which will form the mushroom bodies.

(Takaesu et al., 2012)

Expression in procephalic neuroblasts stage 9-11: deuterocerebrum - d3, d6, d8; protocerebrum - ad15, av1, cd1-7, cd9, cd11-14, cd17-21, cv6-9, pd1-20, pv2, pv3

(Urbach and Technau, 2003)

<e> is <t> E | stage 5 <a> procephalic neurogenic region <s> <note>

(Kammermeier et al., 2001)

<e> is <t> E | stage 6-17 <a> procephalic neuroblast <s> <note>

(Kammermeier et al., 2001)

<e> is <t> E | stage 12-17 <a> embryonic brain <s> <note>

(Kammermeier et al., 2001)

<e> is <t> E | stage 12-17 <a> embryonic ventral neuromere | segmentally repeated <s> <note>

(Kammermeier et al., 2001)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 9 -- 11

procephalic neurogenic region & embryonic antennal segment | restricted

(Urbach and Technau, 2003)

procephalic neurogenic region & embryonic ocular segment | restricted

(Urbach and Technau, 2003)

protocerebral neuroblast | subset

(Urbach and Technau, 2003)

deutocerebral neuroblast | subset

(Urbach and Technau, 2003)

embryonic stage 12 -- 17

embryonic ventral neuromere | segmentally repeated

(Kammermeier et al., 2001)

embryonic stage 11 -- 17

embryonic deutocerebral neuromere | restricted

(Kammermeier et al., 2001)

embryonic protocerebral neuromere | restricted

(Kammermeier et al., 2001)

embryonic tritocerebral neuromere | restricted

(Kammermeier et al., 2001)

third instar larval stage

larval optic anlage | restricted

(Apitz and Salecker, 2015)

eye disc anterior to the morphogenetic furrow

(Jacobsson et al., 2009)

eye disc posterior to the morphogenetic furrow

(Jacobsson et al., 2009)

presumptive ocellus

(Jacobsson et al., 2009)

eye-antennal disc

(Skottheim Honn et al., 2016)

larval stage

neuron | subset of medulla anlage

(Li et al., 2013)

neuroblast NB3-4

(Lacin and Truman, 2016)

neuroblast NB4-4

(Lacin and Truman, 2016)

neuroblast NB5-2

(Lacin and Truman, 2016)

neuroblast NB5-3

(Lacin and Truman, 2016)

adult stage

transmedullary neuron Tm5

(Li et al., 2013)

transmedullary Y neuron TmY10

(Li et al., 2013)

transmedullary neuron Tm20

(Li et al., 2013)

embryonic stage 8

procephalic neurogenic region | posterior

(Jacobsson et al., 2009)

organism | 20-30% egg length

(Skottheim Honn et al., 2016)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

ventral posterior protocerebral neuroblast

(Jacobsson et al., 2009)

embryonic stage 13

Bolwig organ primordium

(Jacobsson et al., 2009)

embryonic optic lobe primordium

(Jacobsson et al., 2009)

embryonic stage 14 -- 16

ventral nerve cord

(Jacobsson et al., 2009)

embryonic stage 15

eye-antennal disc primordium

(Jacobsson et al., 2009)

embryonic primordium of adult eye

(Blanco et al., 2010)

embryonic stage

neuroblast NB2-1

(Lacin and Truman, 2016)

neuroblast NB2-4

(Lacin and Truman, 2016)

neuroblast NB3-2

(Lacin and Truman, 2016)

neuroblast NB3-4

(Lacin and Truman, 2016)

neuroblast NB4-4

(Lacin and Truman, 2016)

neuroblast NB5-2

(Lacin and Truman, 2016)

neuroblast NB5-3

(Lacin and Truman, 2016)

neuroblast NB5-6

(Lacin and Truman, 2016)

neuroblast NB6-4

(Lacin and Truman, 2016)

first instar larval stage

eye-antennal disc

(Wang and Sun, 2012)

second instar larval stage

eye disc | restricted

(Wang and Sun, 2012)

embryonic stage 14

ventral nerve cord

(Skottheim Honn et al., 2016)

embryonic stage 16

visual primordium

(Skottheim Honn et al., 2016)

embryonic brain

(Skottheim Honn et al., 2016)

Additional Descriptive Data

toy-protein is expressed in distal cells of the larval optic anlage.

(Apitz and Salecker, 2015)

toy and oc colocalize in the embryonic eye primordium.

(Blanco et al., 2010)

Expression in procephalic neuroblasts stage 9-11: deuterocerebrum - d3, d6, d8; protocerebrum - ad15, av1, cd1-7, cd9, cd11-14, cd17-21, cv6-9, pd1-20, pv2, pv3

(Urbach and Technau, 2003)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

Expression Deduced from Reporters

Reporter: P{toy-lacZ.EEP}

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 15

embryonic primordium of adult eye

(Blanco et al., 2010)

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\toy in GBrowse 2

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\toy

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\toy

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0019650

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

FBgn0019650

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

CG11186-RB;CG11186-RB;CG11186-RA

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG11186

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0019650

Images

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

Show all FlyExpress processed images for Dmel\toy

Stages(s) 4-6
Stages(s) 7-8
Stages(s) 9-10
Stages(s) 11-12
Stages(s) 13-16

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 9 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 26 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of toy

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of toy

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 10 )

Inferred from experimentation

Gene disrupted in

Df(4)G

(Kronhamn et al., 2002)

Df(4)O2

(Kammermeier et al., 2001)

Df(4)spa³⁰

(Kronhamn et al., 2002)

Df(4)spa⁴⁷

(Kronhamn et al., 2002)

Df(4)spa⁶⁶

(Kronhamn et al., 2002)

Df(4)spa^m18

(Kronhamn et al., 2002)

Df(4)spa^m100

(Kronhamn et al., 2002)

Gene not disrupted in

Df(4)BA

(Kronhamn et al., 2002)

Df(4)CORL

(Takaesu et al., 2012)

Df(4)G

(Hochman, 1976)

Df(4)M101-1

(Hochman, 1976)

Inferred from location

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

toy^{UAS.ORF.GW.Tag:HA}

lethal | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

toy^{UAS.ORF.GW.Tag:HA}

lethal | recessive

lethal - all die before end of larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

lethal - all die before end of P-stage

toy^hdl

partially lethal - majority die

toy^G7.39

partially lethal - majority die | embryonic stage

toy^hdl

partially lethal - majority die | pharate adult stage

toy^hdl

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

toy^GD4734

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

toy^GD4734

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

toy^GD4734

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

toy^GD4734

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal neuroanatomy

toy^hdl

abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

toy^dsRNA.UAS

abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107, toy^hdl

toy^UAS.cCa

abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107, toy^UAS.cCa

toy^hdl

abnormal neuroanatomy (with toy^dsRNA.UAS), with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

toy^hdl

abnormal neuroanatomy (with toy^hdl), with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

toy^dsRNA.UAS

increased cell death | embryonic stage

toy^hdl

increased cell death | larval stage

toy^hdl

some die during larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

some die during larval stage | recessive

toy^hdl

some die during pharate adult stage

some die during P-stage | recessive | heat sensitive

toy^hdl

visible, with Scer\GAL4^ap-md544

visible, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1

toy^UAS.cCa

visible, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.PU

wild-type

toy^roo

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

adult head

toy^hdl

adult mushroom body

toy^hdl

adult mushroom body, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

antenna, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1

toy^UAS.cCa

antenna, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.PU

toy^ΔNT.UAS

commissure

toy^hdl

commissure, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107, toy^hdl

toy^UAS.cCa

commissure, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107, toy^UAS.cCa

toy^hdl

commissure (with toy^dsRNA.UAS), with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

toy^hdl

commissure (with toy^hdl), with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

toy^dsRNA.UAS

embryonic/larval brain

toy^hdl

embryonic/larval brain, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

toy^dsRNA.UAS

embryonic/larval brain, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107, toy^hdl

toy^UAS.cCa

embryonic/larval brain, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107, toy^UAS.cCa

toy^hdl

embryonic/larval brain (with toy^dsRNA.UAS), with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

toy^hdl

embryonic/larval brain (with toy^hdl), with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

toy^dsRNA.UAS

embryonic brain

toy^hdl

eye | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^ap-md544

eye | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1

eye | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.PU

eye | ectopic | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1

toy^UAS.cCa

eye-antennal disc

toy^hdl

eye disc

toy^G7.39

haltere, with Scer\GAL4^ap-md544

toy^ΔB.UAS

head

toy^hdl

leg, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1

toy^UAS.cCa

leg, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.PU

leg & eye | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1

toy^UAS.cCa

ocellus

toy^G7.39

ocellus | pharate adult stage

toy^hdl

vertical lobe of adult mushroom body, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

toy^UAS.cCa

wing, with Scer\GAL4^ap-md544

wing, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1

toy^UAS.cCa

wing, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.PU

wing & eye | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1

toy^UAS.cCa

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Download All OrthoDB Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Homo sapiens (Human) (34)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Hsap\PAX6

12 of 15

Yes

Hsap\PAX4

3 of 15

Hsap\PITX1

2 of 15

Hsap\DMBX1

1 of 15

Yes

Hsap\DUX4

1 of 15

Yes

Hsap\DUX4L5

1 of 15

Yes

Hsap\DUX4L6

1 of 15

Yes

Hsap\DUX4L7

1 of 15

Yes

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Yes

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (34)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Mmus\Pax6

11 of 15

Yes

3 of 15

2 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Dmbx1

1 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Duxbl1

1 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Duxbl2

1 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Duxbl3

1 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Gm4981

1 of 15

Yes

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Yes

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (15)

Rnor\Pax6

7 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Pax4

3 of 13

Rnor\Dux4

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Mixl1

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (23)

Xtro\pax6

6 of 12

Yes

Xtro\LOC100485335

2 of 12

Yes

Xtro\bix1.1

1 of 12

Yes

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Yes

Xtro\mixl1

1 of 12

Yes

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Yes

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (34)

Drer\pax6a

9 of 15

Yes

Drer\pax6b

9 of 15

Yes

Drer\pax4

3 of 15

Drer\mxtx2

2 of 15

Yes

Drer\dmbx1a

1 of 15

Yes

Drer\dmbx1b

1 of 15

Yes

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Yes

Drer\mxtx1

1 of 15

Yes

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Yes

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Yes

Drer\shox2

1 of 15

Drer\shox

1 of 15

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (14)

Cele\vab-3

11 of 15

Yes

Cele\ceh-53

2 of 15

Yes

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Yes

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (4)

Atha\AtHB23

1 of 9

Yes

Atha\HB20

1 of 9

Yes

Atha\HDG1

1 of 9

Yes

Atha\PHV

1 of 9

Yes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (4)

Scer\PHO2

4 of 15

Yes

Scer\PXL1

1 of 15

Scer\YHP1

1 of 15

Yes

Scer\YOX1

1 of 15

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (2)

Spom\phx1

2 of 12

Yes

Spom\pxl1

1 of 12

Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091906L6 )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

AAA Syntenic Ortholog

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Drosophila suzukii

Spotted wing Drosophila

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Dpse\GA27636

Drosophila persimilis

Dper\GL17563

Drosophila willistoni

Dwil\GK13683

Drosophila virilis

Dvir\GJ13300

Drosophila mojavensis

Dmoj\GI14042

Drosophila grimshawi

Dgri\GH23963

Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091503QS )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Glossina morsitans

Tsetse fly

Gmor\GMOY008051

Lucilia cuprina

Australian sheep blowfly

Lcup\FF38_00602

Mayetiola destructor

Hessian fly

Mdes\Mdes001113

Mayetiola destructor

Hessian fly

Mdes\Mdes014092

Mayetiola destructor

Hessian fly

Mdes\Mdes001054

Aedes aegypti

Yellow fever mosquito

Aaeg\AAEL002321

Anopheles darlingi

American malaria mosquito

Adar\ADAC003449

Anopheles darlingi

American malaria mosquito

Adar\ADAC001560

Anopheles gambiae

Malaria mosquito

Agam\AGAP000067

Anopheles gambiae

Malaria mosquito

Agam\AGAP000063

Culex quinquefasciatus

Southern house mosquito

Cqui\CPIJ006398

Culex quinquefasciatus

Southern house mosquito

Cqui\CPIJ006390

Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W0HDL )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Bombyx mori

Silkmoth

Bmor\BGIBMGA009432

Danaus plexippus

Monarch butterfly

Dple\DPOGS216135-PA

Danaus plexippus

Monarch butterfly

Dple\DPOGS216098-PA

Heliconius melpomene

Postman butterfly

Hmel\HMEL012214

Heliconius melpomene

Postman butterfly

Hmel\HMEL004093

Heliconius melpomene

Postman butterfly

Hmel\HMEL009702

Apis florea

Little honeybee

Aflo\2147500291

Apis florea

Little honeybee

Aflo\2147493073

Apis florea

Little honeybee

Aflo\2147521107

Apis florea

Little honeybee

Aflo\2147500307

Apis florea

Little honeybee

Aflo\2147522961

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Amel\GB41504

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Amel\GB50342

Bombus impatiens

Common eastern bumble bee

Bimp\BIMP22674

Bombus impatiens

Common eastern bumble bee

Bimp\BIMP10499

Bombus terrestris

Buff-tailed bumblebee

Bter\15204878

Bombus terrestris

Buff-tailed bumblebee

Bter\15214536

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH21998

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH15465

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH21997

Megachile rotundata

Alfalfa leafcutting bee

Mrot\MROTU:001dab

Megachile rotundata

Alfalfa leafcutting bee

Mrot\MROTU:00235a

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG012484

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG015857

Dendroctonus ponderosae

Mountain pine beetle

Dpod\YQE_05108

Dendroctonus ponderosae

Mountain pine beetle

Dpod\YQE_05107

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TC032830

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\toy

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM097050

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM217120

Rhodnius prolixus

Kissing bug

Rpro\RPRC001429

Rhodnius prolixus

Kissing bug

Rpro\RPRC003362

Cimex lectularius

Bed bug

Clec\CLEC008846

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI008177

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI067710

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_17308

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_09273

Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X0HFF )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Strigamia maritima

European centipede

Smar\SMAR007866

Strigamia maritima

European centipede

Smar\SMAR013763

Strigamia maritima

European centipede

Smar\SMAR008441

Strigamia maritima

European centipede

Smar\SMAR015380

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW003096

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW006352

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW014979

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW011634

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW021772

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM66998.1

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM62957.1

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM76871.1

Tetranychus urticae

Two-spotted spider mite

Turt\tetur29g01000

Tetranychus urticae

Two-spotted spider mite

Turt\tetur09g00660

Tetranychus urticae

Two-spotted spider mite

Turt\tetur07g04480

Tetranychus urticae

Two-spotted spider mite

Turt\tetur18g01460

Tetranychus urticae

Two-spotted spider mite

Turt\tetur29g00530

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_65647

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_311027

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_334067

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_9094

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_38922

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_45999

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_307722

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_15023

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_249978

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_265088

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_118064

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_122807

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_311028

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_249991

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_7942

Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G0S4E )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-PaxA

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Pax6_1

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Alx

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-PaxB

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Pax2-5-8

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Pax6

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Hbn

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\pax2/5/8-b

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\LOC778727

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\ENSCING00000024971

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\ENSCING00000012916

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\pax6

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\PAX2

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\PAX7

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\PAX5

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\PAX6

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\ENSGALG00000028576

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\PAX9

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\ENSGALG00000005246

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (15)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

6 of 10

eyg

2 of 10

gsb

2 of 10

gsb-n

2 of 10

Poxn

2 of 10

prd

2 of 10

toe

2 of 10

Awh

1 of 10

CG34367

1 of 10

Gsc

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Model Summary Ribbon

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 7 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

PAX6; paired box 6

model of Peters anomaly

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of anterior segment dysgenesis 5

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of autosomal dominant keratitis

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of aniridia

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of coloboma

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of coloboma of optic nerve

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

12 of 15

3 of 15

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Interactions Browser

View in Interactions Browser

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

toy - Atf6

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - CG10431

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - CG15435

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - CG3847

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - CG9215

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - Chrac-14

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - D19B

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - Hipk

bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy, enzymatic study, autoradiography

(Steinmetz et al., 2018)

toy - Lpt

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - Myc

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - REPTOR-BP

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - Sry-δ

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - ZIPIC

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - Zif

two hybrid

(Hu et al., 2017.6.13)

toy - ara

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - ase

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - grh

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - lmd

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - lov

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - nom

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - p53

pull down, autoradiography, two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019, Lunardi et al., 2010)

toy - pzg

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - salm

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - slbo

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - sob

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

toy - tgo

two hybrid array

(Shokri et al., 2019)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

esyN Network Key:

Suppression

Enhancement

View in Interactions Browser

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

toy

suppressible

(Jacobsson et al., 2009, Czerny et al., 1999)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

suppressible

toy

(Jacobsson et al., 2009, Punzo et al., 2002)

External Data

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

68659

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0019650

InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

43833

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

External Data

Linkouts

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

4-0

Cytogenetic map

102F4-102F5

Sequence location

4:989,725..1,007,922 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

102F4-102F5

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

102E1-102E1

(Czerny, 1999.3.11)

102E1-102E1

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Czerny et al., 1999)

102B6-102E10

(Lindsley and Zimm, 1992)

Maps close to ey.

(Halder et al., 1998)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

4-0

(FlyBase, 2016)

(Halder et al., 1998)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (19)

Bloomington

49286

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GMR1A02-GAL4}attP2

26805

y¹ w^*; P{UAS-toy.C}8

26088

y¹; Mi{ET1}toy^MB07851

26799

y¹ w^*; P{UAS-toy.C}11

61701

y¹; Mi{MIC}toy^MI03240

83390

y¹ w^*; P{toy-GFP.FPTB}attP40

6257

y¹; toy^hdl/sv^spa-Cat

FlyORF

F000690

M{UAS-toy.ORF.3xHA.GW}ZH-86Fb

F004878

M{UAS-toy.ORF-VNshort}ZH-86Fb

101779

v110353

v15919

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD4734}v15919/TM3

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (8)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (127)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

GH14454

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0019650

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0019650

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

43833

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Jacobsson et al., 2009)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Other Information

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identify of

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: l(4)102CDg toy

(Kronhamn et al., 2002)

Additional comments

Other Comments

The pupal lethality of toy mutants is caused by cell loss due to apoptosis.

(Jacobsson et al., 2009)

toy induces expression of dac.

(Anderson et al., 2006)

toy is crucial at the very beginning of eye-antennal development in the primordia of eye-antennal discs. toy also has parallel and partially redundant functions with ey.

(Kronhamn et al., 2002)

A single amino acid substitution in the ey protein is able to change the DNA-binding affinity of its paired domain to that of toy.

(Czerny et al., 1999)

toy acts upstream of ey in the control of eye development. Despite the similarity in structure and expression of toy and ey, normal expression of toy cannot compensate for the loss of ey function.

(Czerny et al., 1999)

In the embryonic head, so acts in parallel to ey and toy.

(Halder et al., 1998)

Origin and Etymology

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 93 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

43833

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0019650

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0019650

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

toy_1

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG11186

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0019650

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

43833

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

Dmel_CG11186

modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project

FBgn0019650

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

68659

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0019650

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0019650

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

FBgn0019650

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

CG11186-RB;CG11186-RB;CG11186-RA

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0019650

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0019650

InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

43833

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (12)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG11186

(Datta et al., 2011, Lunardi et al., 2010, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Seinen et al., 2010, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009)

Pax-6

(Jacobsson et al., 2008)

TOY

(Percival-Smith, 2017, Blatti et al., 2015)

Toy

(Luo et al., 2020, Naidu et al., 2020, Sato et al., 2019, Steinmetz et al., 2018, Davis and Rebay, 2017, Apitz and Salecker, 2016, Pinto-Teixeira et al., 2016, Yasugi and Nishimura, 2016, Apitz and Salecker, 2015, Eroglu et al., 2014, Ferrero et al., 2014, Ting et al., 2014, Ting et al., 2014, Li et al., 2013, Wang and Sun, 2012, Lynch and Wagner, 2011, Kim et al., 2005, Kozmik, 2005)

l(4)102CDg

(Noll and Frei, 2002.11.22, Hochman et al., 1964)

l(4)8

(Kronhamn et al., 2002, Noll and Frei, 2002.11.22, Hochman, 1976, Hochman, 1974, Hochman, 1971)

toy

(Cho et al., 2020, FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2020, Li and Hidalgo, 2020, Meyer-Nava et al., 2020, Curt et al., 2019, FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2019-, Gaspar et al., 2019, Hall et al., 2019, Meltzer et al., 2019, Shokri et al., 2019, Ariss et al., 2018, Bischof et al., 2018, Palliyil et al., 2018, Yeung et al., 2018, Zhu et al., 2018, Hu et al., 2017.6.13, Karaiskos et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Zhu et al., 2017, Bürglin and Affolter, 2016, Skottheim Honn et al., 2016, Doggett et al., 2015, Enriquez et al., 2015, model organism Encyclopedia of Regulatory Network (modERN) Project, 2015-, Schertel et al., 2015, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Blaquiere et al., 2014, Naval-Sánchez et al., 2013, Southall et al., 2013, Nfonsam et al., 2012, Riddle et al., 2012, Rodriguez et al., 2012, Takaesu et al., 2012, Wang and Sun, 2012, Brockmann et al., 2011, Datta et al., 2011, Friedrich and Caravas, 2011, Gehring, 2011, Gehring, 2011, Michaut et al., 2011, Papadopoulos et al., 2011, Aerts et al., 2010, Baig et al., 2010, Blanco et al., 2010, Frise et al., 2010, Lopes and Casares, 2010, Popov et al., 2010, Salzer and Kumar, 2010, Salzer et al., 2010, Furukubo-Tokunaga et al., 2009, Jacobsson et al., 2009, Schuettengruber et al., 2009, Weasner et al., 2009, Anderson and Kumar, 2008, Blanco and Gehring, 2008, Jacobsson et al., 2008, Pfeiffer et al., 2008, Weasner and Kumar, 2008, Yao et al., 2008, Aerts et al., 2007, Kumar and Datta, 2007, Kumar and Luhur, 2007, Kumar and Salzer, 2007, Kumar and Weanser, 2007, Sprecher et al., 2007, Weasner et al., 2007, Anderson et al., 2006, Choksi et al., 2006, Friedrich, 2006, Oakley et al., 2006, Zhang et al., 2006, Brown and Feder, 2005, Roederer et al., 2005, Podemski et al., 2004, Punzo et al., 2004, Stanyon et al., 2004, Onuma et al., 2002)

twin of eyeless

(Skottheim Honn et al., 2016, Enriquez et al., 2015, Gehring, 2011, Edwards et al., 2006)

Name Synonyms

Twin of Eyeless

(Apitz and Salecker, 2015)

eyeless

(Su, 2015)

lethal(4)102CDg

twin-of-eyeless

(Jacobsson et al., 2009, Jacobsson et al., 2008)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0004523

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

References (217)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

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