Human Disease Model Report: cancer, invasive collective cell migration, border cell model

General Information

Name

cancer, invasive collective cell migration, border cell model

FlyBase ID

FBhh0001435

Disease Ontology Term

cancer

Parent Disease

OMIM

Overview

Collective cell invasion contributes to spread and metastasis in a variety of cancers, including glioblastoma, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer. An example of cooperative collective cell migration during normal development, the movement of the border cells during Drosophila oogenesis, has been used to investigate the nature of oncogenic collective cell invasion. In the fly ovary, the border cell cluster consists of 4-8 epithelial-derived follicle cells that surround a central pair of polar cells. During migration to the oocyte the border cells squeeze between the intervening nurse cells; individual border cells stay adhered together and their movement is coordinated as an entire unit.

Genetic screens have identified mutations in multiple genes that disrupt this process and that result in aberrant cell migration.

[updated Feb. 2022 by FlyBase; FBrf0222196]

Disease Summary Information

Disease Summary: cancer, invasive collective cell migration, border cell model

OMIM report

Human gene(s) implicated

Symptoms and phenotype

Genetics

Cellular phenotype and pathology

Molecular information

External links

Disease synonyms

Related Diseases

Related human health report(s)

Ortholog Information

Human gene(s) in FlyBase

Other mammalian ortholog(s) used

D. melanogaster Gene Information (11)

Dmel\ft

Gene Snapshot

fat (ft) is a tumor suppressor gene that encodes a large cadherin family transmembrane protein. It functions in the Hippo signaling pathway (as a receptor) and the Dachsous-Fat planar cell polarity pathway (as a transmembrane component). [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]

Molecular function (GO)

Cellular component (GO)

Gene Groups / Pathways

CDH
SWH-P

Comments on ortholog(s)

Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC

DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans

H. sapiens (Human)

Dmel\tai

Gene Snapshot

taiman (tai) encodes an ecdysone receptor co-activator related to mammalian steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) proteins. It contributes to border cell migration. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]

Molecular function (GO)

Cellular component (GO)

nucleus

Gene Groups / Pathways

BHLH
HH-SMON

Comments on ortholog(s)

Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC

DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans

H. sapiens (Human)

Dmel\Ptpmeg

Gene Snapshot

Protein tyrosine phosphatase Meg (Ptpmeg) encodes a tyrosine phosphatase that interacts with the product of Eps-15. It negatively regulates border cell migration during oogenesis. It also inhibits the EGFR/Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway during wing morphogenesis. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]

Molecular function (GO)

Cellular component (GO)

Gene Groups / Pathways

CPTP
EGFR-N

Comments on ortholog(s)

Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC

DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans

H. sapiens (Human)

Dmel\Eps-15

Gene Snapshot

Epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate clone 15 (Eps-15) encodes a multi-domain adaptor protein involved in endocytosis. It interacts with several other endocytic factors such as those encoded by shi, stnB, Dap160 and AP-2α. It is enriched at sites of endocytosis and is required for normal synaptic bouton development and vesicle endocytosis during high frequency stimulation. [Date last reviewed: 2018-10-18]

Molecular function (GO)

Cellular component (GO)

Gene Groups / Pathways

NTCH-N

Comments on ortholog(s)

Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC

DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans

H. sapiens (Human)

Dmel\α-Cat

Gene Snapshot

α Catenin (α-Cat) encodes a protein which interacts with scrib to sustain apicobasal polarity of epithelial cells. Cooperation between α-Cat, scrib and a complex of septate junctions regulates epithelial tissue growth through interaction with the Hippo pathway. [Date last reviewed: 2023-07-20]

Molecular function (GO)

Cellular component (GO)

Gene Groups / Pathways

Comments on ortholog(s)

Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC

DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans

H. sapiens (Human)

Dmel\Sym

Gene Snapshot

Symplekin (Sym) encodes a large protein that contains many protein interaction sites, and acts as a scaffold for protein complexes in the nucleus. It functions in RNA 3' end formation for both polyadenyated mRNAs and non-polyadenylated histone mRNAs. In some cells it also localizes to the cell cortex, especially the tricellular junctions of some epithelia. [Date last reviewed: 2018-10-25]

Molecular function (GO)

protein binding

Cellular component (GO)

Gene Groups / Pathways

Comments on ortholog(s)

Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC

DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans

H. sapiens (Human)

Dmel\Lac

Gene Snapshot

Lachesin (Lac) encodes a cell surface protein that belongs to the Ig superfamily. It is required for the proper ultrastructural organisation of septate junctions. Lac is required for tracheal system morphogenesis and for muscle contractions associated with peristalsis. [Date last reviewed: 2018-09-13]

Molecular function (GO)

protein homodimerization activity

Cellular component (GO)

Gene Groups / Pathways

Comments on ortholog(s)

Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC

DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans

H. sapiens (Human)

Dmel\rst

Gene Snapshot

roughest (rst) encodes a multi-purpose transmembrane protein that is well studied in the fly eye and muscle during development. It interacts with the transmembrane ligand encoded by hbs to guide cell movement. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]

Molecular function (GO)

Cellular component (GO)

Gene Groups / Pathways

Comments on ortholog(s)

Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC

DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans

H. sapiens (Human)

Dmel\dock

Gene Snapshot

Contributions welcome

Molecular function (GO)

Cellular component (GO)

Gene Groups / Pathways

INS-N

Comments on ortholog(s)

Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC

DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans

H. sapiens (Human)

Dmel\Wnt4

Gene Snapshot

Contributions welcome

Molecular function (GO)

Cellular component (GO)

Gene Groups / Pathways

Comments on ortholog(s)

Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC

DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans

H. sapiens (Human)

Dmel\ds

Gene Snapshot

Contributions welcome

Molecular function (GO)

Cellular component (GO)

Gene Groups / Pathways

Comments on ortholog(s)

Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC

DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans

H. sapiens (Human)

Other Genes Used: Viral, Bacterial, Synthetic (0)

Summary of Physical Interactions (160 groups)

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, western blot

(Sopko et al., 2009)

ft - Aldo

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - AP-1-2β

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - AP-2α

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, anti tag western blot

(Kwon et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - app

colocalization, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Matakatsu and Fehon, 2024, Matakatsu et al., 2017)

ft - ATPsynC

two hybrid, pull down, anti tag western blot

(Sing et al., 2014)

ft - Bub3

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - capt

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - CG3226

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - CG3760

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - CG5174

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - cora

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - Cortactin

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - cPges

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - Ctf4

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - dco

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Pan et al., 2013, Feng and Irvine, 2009, Sopko et al., 2009)

ft - Dlish

pull down, anti tag western blot, colocalization, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Matakatsu and Fehon, 2024, Fulford et al., 2023, Misra and Irvine, 2016, Zhang et al., 2016)

ft - Dp1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - ds

affinity technology, enzymatic reaction, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, inferred by author, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, colocalization, fluorescence microscopy, bead aggregation assay

(Matakatsu and Fehon, 2024, Tripathi and Irvine, 2024, Brittle et al., 2010, Simon et al., 2010, Matakatsu and Blair, 2004)

ft - eIF4G1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - ena

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - ex

pull down, anti tag western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, proximity ligation assay, fluorescence microscopy

(Fulford et al., 2023)

ft - faf

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Dawson et al., 2025)

ft - Fbxl7

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Bosch et al., 2014)

ft - Fim

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - fj

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, enzymatic study, autoradiography

(Brittle et al., 2010, Ishikawa et al., 2008)

ft - Gug

pull down, anti tag western blot, two hybrid

(Sing et al., 2014, Fanto et al., 2003)

ft - Hem

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - Hrs

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - Inos

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - Larp4B

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - Lasp

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - lft

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Mao et al., 2009)

ft - mats

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - msn

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - Mtpα

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - Mtpβ

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, anti tag western blot

(Kwon et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - ND-24

two hybrid, pull down, anti tag western blot

(Sing et al., 2014)

ft - Nup50

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - Nup358

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - PIP4K

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - pnut

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - Prp19

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - RanGAP

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - RnrS

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - Sec13

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, anti tag western blot

(Kwon et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - Sec31

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - Septin2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, anti tag western blot

(Kwon et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - shi

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - Su(var)3-9

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - TER94

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ft - UQCR-C1

two hybrid

(Sing et al., 2014)

ft - Vap33

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

tai

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

tai - ab

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down, autoradiography

(Jang et al., 2009)

tai - ci

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, electrophoretic mobility shift assay

(Yu et al., 2024)

tai - EcR

pull down, autoradiography, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Xie et al., 2015, Bai et al., 2000)

tai - gce

two hybrid

(Shin et al., 2018)

tai - Met

two hybrid

(Shin et al., 2018)

tai - usp

pull down, autoradiography, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Xie et al., 2015, Bai et al., 2000)

tai - yki

coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Zhang et al., 2015, Kwon et al., 2013)

Ptpmeg

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

Ptpmeg - Cortactin

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Li et al., 2015)

Ptpmeg - Eps-15

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Li et al., 2015)

Ptpmeg - Pvr

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Li et al., 2015)

Ptpmeg - TER94

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Li et al., 2015)

Eps-15

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

Eps-15 - AP-2α

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Koh et al., 2007, Majumdar et al., 2006)

Eps-15 - ct

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, experimental knowledge based

(Rhee et al., 2014)

Eps-15 - Dap160

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, peptide massfingerprinting

(Winther et al., 2015, Koh et al., 2007)

Eps-15 - hpo

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

Eps-15 - lqf

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, pull down

(Xie et al., 2012, Koh et al., 2007)

Eps-15 - Nak

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Peng et al., 2009)

Eps-15 - numb

two hybrid, pull down, western blot

(Tang et al., 2005)

Eps-15 - Ptpmeg

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Li et al., 2015)

Eps-15 - shi

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Koh et al., 2007, Majumdar et al., 2006)

Eps-15 - spartin

pull down, anti tag western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation

(Nahm et al., 2013)

Eps-15 - stnB

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Majumdar et al., 2006)

Eps-15 - stumps

two hybrid

(Battersby et al., 2003)

α-Cat

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

α-Cat

molecular sieving, light scattering, predetermined participant

(Desai et al., 2013)

α-Cat - arm

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, pull down, far western blotting, experimental knowledge based

(Escobar et al., 2015, Houssin et al., 2015, Desai et al., 2013, Guruharsha et al., 2011, Sawyer et al., 2009, Geisbrecht and Montell, 2002, Cox et al., 1999, Orsulic and Peifer, 1996, Pai et al., 1996, Oda et al., 1994, Oda et al., 1993, Peifer, 1993)

α-Cat - baz

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Bulgakova et al., 2013)

α-Cat - CadN

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Iwai et al., 1997)

α-Cat - Girdin

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Houssin et al., 2015)

α-Cat - jub

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag western blot

(Rauskolb et al., 2022, Alégot et al., 2019, Rauskolb et al., 2014)

α-Cat - lqfR

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Lee and Fischer, 2012)

α-Cat - MME1

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

α-Cat - scrib

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Huang et al., 2023)

α-Cat - Sec10

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Langevin et al., 2005)

α-Cat - shg

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Desai et al., 2013, Iwai et al., 1997, Oda et al., 1994)

Sym

RNA-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

Sym - His3

affinity technology, Identification by mass spectrometry, pull down, anti tag western blot, western blot

(Skrajna et al., 2018, Skrajna et al., 2017)

Sym - snRNA:U7

pull down, western blot, peptide massfingerprinting

(Sabath et al., 2013)

Sym - tut

rna three hybrid

(Shan et al., 2017)

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

Sym - Cpsf73

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation

(Harrington et al., 2017, Michalski and Steiniger, 2015, Sullivan et al., 2009)

Sym - Cpsf100

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation

(Harrington et al., 2017, Michalski and Steiniger, 2015, Sullivan et al., 2009)

Sym - CstF64

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, peptide massfingerprinting

(Sabath et al., 2013)

Sym - Dcr-2

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation

(Harrington et al., 2017)

Sym - FLASH

pull down, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Sabath et al., 2013)

Sym - hrg

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, experimental knowledge based

(Rhee et al., 2014)

Sym - Lsm11

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Sullivan et al., 2009)

Sym - Slbp

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Sullivan et al., 2009)

Sym - Ssu72

molecular sieving, x-ray crystallography

(Luo et al., 2013)

Lac

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

Lac

bead aggregation assay, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

(Ozkan et al., 2013, Strigini et al., 2006, Llimargas et al., 2004)

Lac - CG6959

enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

(Ozkan et al., 2013)

rst

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

rst

enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, bead aggregation assay, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author

(Ozkan et al., 2013, Schneider et al., 1995)

rst - cindr

pull down, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Johnson et al., 2012)

rst - dock

bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy

(Kaipa et al., 2013)

rst - hbs

enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Ozkan et al., 2013, Bao and Cagan, 2005)

rst - kst

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Lee et al., 2010)

rst - sns

enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, bead aggregation assay, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author

(Ozkan et al., 2013, Galletta et al., 2004)

rst - X11L

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, two hybrid, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation

(Vishnu et al., 2006)

rst - X11Lβ

two hybrid

(Vishnu et al., 2006)

dock

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

dock

two hybrid

(Worby et al., 2002)

dock - Ack

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down, edman degradation, western blot, two hybrid

(Abdallah et al., 2013, Worby et al., 2002)

dock - Dscam1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, pull down, edman degradation, autoradiography, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, two hybrid, anti tag western blot, far western blotting

(Liu et al., 2020, Yang et al., 2012, Huang et al., 2011, Worby et al., 2001, Schmucker et al., 2000)

dock - Egfr

two hybrid

(Bianco et al., 2007)

dock - hbs

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy

(Kaipa et al., 2013)

dock - InR

two hybrid, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation

(Li et al., 2014, Wu et al., 2011, Song et al., 2003)

dock - kirre

bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy, two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Tutor et al., 2014, Kaipa et al., 2013)

dock - msn

two hybrid

(Liu et al., 1999)

dock - Pak

two hybrid, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Huang et al., 2011, Fan et al., 2003, Hing et al., 1999)

dock - Ptp61F

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, enzymatic study, autoradiography, experimental knowledge based, two hybrid, pull down

(Guruharsha et al., 2011, Wu et al., 2011, Muda et al., 2002, Clemens et al., 1996)

dock - Pvr

two hybrid

(Bianco et al., 2007)

dock - robo1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, pull down, two hybrid

(Yang and Bashaw, 2006, Fan et al., 2003)

dock - rst

bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy

(Kaipa et al., 2013)

dock - SCAR

two hybrid

(Kaipa et al., 2013)

dock - SH3PX1

pull down, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, two hybrid, edman degradation

(Worby et al., 2002, Worby et al., 2001)

dock - sns

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy

(Kaipa et al., 2013)

dock - Sos

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, two hybrid, pull down, western blot

(Yang and Bashaw, 2006)

dock - Src42A

enzymatic study, autoradiography

(Muda et al., 2002)

dock - Vrp1

two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Kaipa et al., 2013)

dock - WASp

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, two hybrid

(Kaipa et al., 2013, Worby et al., 2001)

Wnt4

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

Wnt4 - dlp

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Tu et al., 2020, Waghmare et al., 2020)

Wnt4 - fj

pull down, anti tag western blot

(Lim et al., 2005)

Wnt4 - fz

affinity technology, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, inferred by author

(Wu and Nusse, 2002)

Wnt4 - fz2

affinity technology, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, inferred by author

(Wu and Nusse, 2002)

Wnt4 - fz4

affinity technology, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, inferred by author

(Wu and Nusse, 2002)

Wnt4 - otk

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Peradziryi et al., 2011)

Wnt4 - por

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Herr and Basler, 2012)

Wnt4 - Ror

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Ripp et al., 2018)

Wnt4 - wls

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Herr and Basler, 2012)

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

colocalization, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author

(Matakatsu and Fehon, 2024)

ds - app

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, colocalization, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author

(Matakatsu and Fehon, 2024)

ds - CG9581

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ds - CG32109

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ds - cindr

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ds - dachs

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Tripathi and Irvine, 2024, Bosveld et al., 2012)

ds - Dlish

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, colocalization, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author, anti tag western blot

(Matakatsu and Fehon, 2024, Misra and Irvine, 2016, Zhang et al., 2016)

ds - fj

enzymatic study, autoradiography, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Brittle et al., 2010, Ishikawa et al., 2008)

ds - ft

(Matakatsu and Fehon, 2024, Tripathi and Irvine, 2024, Brittle et al., 2010, Simon et al., 2010, Matakatsu and Blair, 2004)

ds - hpo

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, anti tag western blot

(Kwon et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013)

ds - Inos

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ds - Ipo9

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ds - l(1)G0289

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ds - lft

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Tripathi and Irvine, 2024, Mao et al., 2009)

ds - Mpcp2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ds - Mtpα

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ds - Mtpβ

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, anti tag western blot

(Kwon et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013)

ds - Myo31DF

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag western blot

(González-Morales et al., 2015)

ds - Nfs1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ds - pk

coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Tripathi and Irvine, 2024, Ambegaonkar and Irvine, 2015, Ayukawa et al., 2014)

ds - SERCA

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ds - SkpA

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ds - slmb

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, anti tag western blot

(Kwon et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013)

ds - UQCR-C2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Kwon et al., 2013)

ds - wap

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, peptide massfingerprinting

(Degoutin et al., 2013)

Alleles Reported to Model Human Disease (Disease Ontology) (19 alleles)

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 7 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

ft⁸

model of neurodegenerative disease

CEA

(Napoletano et al., 2011)

ft^k07918

model of carcinoma

CEA

(Garoia et al., 2005)

ft^HMS00932

model of Van Maldergem syndrome 2

CEC

(Nakamura et al., 2017)

ft^KK101190

model of Van Maldergem syndrome 2

CEC

(Nakamura et al., 2017)

ft^{RNAi.UAS.012.1}

model of adenoid cystic carcinoma

CEA with Hsap\MYB^ΔC.UAS, N^UAS.cMa, Xpd^{RNAi.UAS.012.1}, kug^{RNAi.UAS.012.1}

(Bangi et al., 2021)

ft^{RNAi.UAS.012.2}

model of adenoid cystic carcinoma

CEA with Hsap\MYB^ΔC.UAS, N^UAS.cMa, Xpd^{RNAi.UAS.012.2}, kug^{RNAi.UAS.012.2}

(Bangi et al., 2021)

ft^RNAi.UAS.cUa

model of obesity

CEA

(Agrawal et al., 2021)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

ft⁸

exacerbates dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy

modeled by Gug^75QN.UAS

(Napoletano et al., 2011)

model of neurodegenerative disease

is ameliorated by dachs^GC13

(Napoletano et al., 2011)

is ameliorated by yki^UAS.cHa

(Napoletano et al., 2011)

is ameliorated by yki^B5

(Napoletano et al., 2011)

ft^G-rv

exacerbates dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy

modeled by Gug^75QN.UAS

(Napoletano et al., 2011)

model of carcinoma

is exacerbated by Raf^UAS.F179

(Garoia et al., 2005)

is exacerbated by rho^UAS.cdCa

(Garoia et al., 2005)

ft^k07918

model of carcinoma

is exacerbated by Raf^UAS.F179

(Garoia et al., 2005)

is exacerbated by rho^UAS.cdCa

(Garoia et al., 2005)

Eps-15

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Eps-15^e75

exacerbates Troyer syndrome

modeled by spartin¹

(Nahm et al., 2013)

Eps-15^EP2513

ameliorates severe acute respiratory syndrome

modeled by HCoV-SARS\3a^{UAS.CUHK-W1.EGFP}

(Wong et al., 2005)

Eps-15^JF03257

exacerbates Parkinson's disease

modeled by Hsc70-5^KK100233

(Zhu et al., 2021)

α-Cat

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

α-Cat^UAS.sgGFP

ameliorates cancer

modeled by HPV18\E6^UAS.Tag:MYC, Hsap\UBE3A^UAS.cRa

(Collins et al., 2023)

Lac

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Lac^BG01462

exacerbates Huntington's disease

modeled by Hsap\HTT^{128Q.1-336.UAS}

(Kaltenbach et al., 2007)

Lac^G00044

exacerbates Huntington's disease

modeled by Hsap\HTT^{128Q.1-336.UAS}

(Kaltenbach et al., 2007)

dock

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

dock^GD4034

ameliorates amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 8

modeled by Vap33^{P58S.UAS.Tag:FLAG}

(Sanhueza et al., 2015)

Wnt4

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Wnt4^C1

exacerbates acute myeloid leukemia

modeled by Hsap\RUNX1::Hsap\RUNX1T1^UAS.cSa

(Sinenko et al., 2010)

Wnt4^EMS23

exacerbates acute myeloid leukemia

modeled by Hsap\RUNX1::Hsap\RUNX1T1^UAS.cSa

(Sinenko et al., 2010)

Wnt4^UAS.cUa

ameliorates Parkinson's disease 6

modeled by Pink1^B9

(Wu et al., 2019)

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

ds^HMS00759

model of obesity

CEA

(Agrawal et al., 2021)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Genetic Tools, Stocks and Reagents

Sources of Stocks

Contact lab of origin for a reagent not available from a public stock center.

Bloomington Stock Center Disease Page

Related mammalian, viral, bacterial, or synthetic transgenes

Allele

Transgene

Publicly Available Stocks

Selected Drosophila transgenes

Allele

Transgene

Publicly Available Stocks

Wnt4^UAS.cUa

P{UAS-Wnt4.U}

α-Cat^UAS.sgGFP

P{UAS-alpha-Cat.T:GFP.sg}

w^*; P{UAS-α-Cat.T:GFP.sg}3 / CyO

RNAi constructs available

Allele

Transgene

Publicly Available Stocks

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD86}v951

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD14475}v27223

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF03087}attP2/TM3, Sb¹

rst^RNAi.UAS.cBa

P{UAS-rst.RNAi.B}

w^*; P{UAS-rst.RNAi.B}D203A1; P{UAS-rst.RNAi.B}E101B1

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD8784}v19165

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF03257}attP2

Eps-15^HMS00893

P{TRiP.HMS00893}

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS00893}attP2

Eps-15^HMS00947

P{TRiP.HMS00947}

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS00947}attP2

Eps-15^RNAi.UAS.cUa

P{UAS-Eps-15.RNAi.U}

ft^{RNAi.UAS.012.1}

P{UAS-MYBDeltaC,UAS-3sh(Xpd,ft,kug).012.1}

ft^{RNAi.UAS.012.2}

P{UAS-MYBDeltaC,UAS-3sh(Xpd,ft,kug).012.2}

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF03245}attP2

ft^HMS00932

P{TRiP.HMS00932}

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS00932}attP2

dock^GD4034

P{GD4034}

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD4034}v37524

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF02810}attP2

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD9722}v33469/TM3

Sym^HMS01961

P{TRiP.HMS01961}

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS01961}attP40

Sym^GL01572

P{TRiP.GL01572}

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.GL01572}attP2

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD4265}v15709

tai^HM05182

P{TRiP.HM05182}

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HM05182}attP2

tai^HMS00673

P{TRiP.HMS00673}

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS00673}attP2

tai^GL00514

P{TRiP.GL00514}

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.GL00514}attP40

Lac^GD12649

P{GD12649}

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD12649}v35524

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HM05151}attP2

Lac^GL00666

P{TRiP.GL00666}

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.GL00666}attP40

Lac^HMS01756

P{TRiP.HMS01756}

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS01756}attP40

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD5347}v38010

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF03378}attP2

α-Cat^{RNAi.UAS.1.V20}

P{UAS-alpha-Cat.RNAi.1.V20}

α-Cat^RNAi.UAS.cUa

P{UAS-alpha-Cat.RNAi.U}

α-Cat^GD8808

P{GD8808}

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD8808}v19182

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS00317}attP2/TM3, Sb¹

α-Cat^GL00636

P{TRiP.GL00636}

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.GL00636}attP40

α-Cat^HMS01903

P{TRiP.HMS01903}

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMS01903}attP40/CyO

α-Cat^RNAi.1.UAS

P{UAS-alpha-Cat.RNAi.1}

α-Cat^RNAi.3.UAS

P{UAS-alpha-Cat.RNAi.3}

Ptpmeg^GD7557

P{GD7557}

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD7557}v38651

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS01924}attP2

Ptpmeg^GLC01434

P{TRiP.GLC01434}

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.GLC01434}attP2

Ptpmeg^HMC05025

P{TRiP.HMC05025}

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMC05025}attP40

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD2646}v4313/TM3

ds^GD14350

P{GD14350}

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD14350}v36219

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF02842}attP2

ds^HMS00759

P{TRiP.HMS00759}

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS00759}attP2

ds^RNAi.UAS.cUa

P{UAS-ds.RNAi.U}

Selected Drosophila classical alleles

Allele

Allele class

Mutagen

Publicly Available Stocks

rst⁶

loss of function allele

ethyl methanesulfonate

gt^Q292 rst⁶/FM7a

Eps-15^EP2513

P-element activity

y^d2 w¹¹¹⁸ P{ey-FLP.N}2; P{neoFRT}42D P{EP}Eps-15^EP2513 /CyO y⁺

Eps-15^Δ29

amorphic allele - molecular evidence

FLPase

w^*; P+PBac{XP3.WH3}Eps-15^Δ29/SM6a

Eps-15^e75

Delta2-3 transposase

y¹ w^*; Eps-15^e75/CyO, P{GAL4-twi.G}2.2, P{UAS-2xEGFP}AH2.2

ft^C4938S

loss of function allele

CRISPR/Cas9

ft^C4987S

loss of function allele

CRISPR/Cas9

ft^2CS

loss of function allele

CRISPR/Cas9

ft^G-rv

loss of function allele

spontaneous

ft^G-rv/SM5

ft^k07918

P-element activity

y^d2 w¹¹¹⁸ P{ey-FLP.N}2 P{5xglBS-lacZ.38-1}TPN1; P{lacW}Glyp^k07918 ft^k07918 P{neoFRT}40A/CyO y⁺

ft⁸

loss of function allele

PM hybrid dysgenesis

y¹ w^*; ft⁸ dpy^ovN or¹/In(2L)Cy, In(2R)Cy, amos^Roi-1 cn² bw¹ or¹ speck²

dock¹³⁴²¹

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

P-element activity

dock⁰⁴⁷²³

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

P-element activity

P{PZ}dock⁰⁴⁷²³ cn¹/CyO; ry⁵⁰⁶

dock³

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

Delta2-3 transposase

Sym¹⁵²

amorphic allele - molecular evidence

Delta2-3 transposase

Lac^BG01462

loss of function allele

P-element activity

y^d2 w¹¹¹⁸ P{ey-FLP.N}2; P{neoFRT}42D P{GT1}Lac^BG01462 /CyO y⁺

Lac^G00044

P-element activity

w¹¹¹⁸; P{PTT-un}Lac^G00044/CyO

Lac²

loss of function allele

P-element activity

Lac^k11012b

loss of function allele

P-element activity

y¹ w^67c23; Lac^k11012b, P{lacW}k11012a/CyO

Wnt4^EMS23

loss of function allele

ethyl methanesulfonate

Wnt4^EMS23 bw¹/CyO, P{HB-lacZ}GS1

Wnt4^C1

X ray

w¹¹¹⁸; Wnt4^C1/CyO

Wnt4^K2

loss of function allele

α-Cat¹

amorphic allele - molecular evidence

P-element activity

w¹¹¹⁸; P{tubP-GAL80}LL10, P{Ubi-α-Cat.S}4A P{neoFRT}40A; P{Act-GAL4.U}3, P{UASp-α-Cat::baz.HA}attP2 α-Cat¹/TM6B, Tb¹

ds^ΔEx12

loss of function allele

CRISPR/Cas9

ds^33k

loss of function allele

X ray

dpy^ov1 wg^l-14+RC6 cn¹ bw¹ / SM5, al² ds^33k Duox^Cy lt^v cn² speck²

ds⁵⁵

loss of function allele

X ray

ds^UAO71

loss of function allele

ethyl methanesulfonate

w^*; ds^UAO71 P{neoFRT}40A/T(2;3)SM6a-TM6B, Tb¹

ds^D4

loss of function allele

X ray

References (7)

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