FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\pum

FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026

FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026

Gene: Dmel\pum

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\pum

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

pumilio

Annotation Symbol

CG9755

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0003165

Gene Model Status

Stock Availability

131 publicly available

Gene Summary

pumilio (pum) encodes a founding member of the PUF family of RNA binding proteins. It is an essential factor in the translational regulation of hb mRNA in the early embryo. pum product also contributes to multiple processes, including germline stem cell identity maintenance, primordial germ cell proliferation and migration, synaptic plasticity, as well as learning and memory. [Date last reviewed: 2018-09-20] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Pathway
UniProtKB
Red Book
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

ovarette, pkl, pumuckel, bem, ovt

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

Sequence location

3R:9,066,343..9,237,682 [-]

Recombination map

3-48

RefSeq locus

NT_033777 REGION:9066343..9237682

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (37 terms)

Molecular Function (5 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables CCR4-NOT complex binding

inferred from direct assay

(Arvola et al., 2020)

enables mRNA 3'-UTR binding

inferred from direct assay

(Bhogal et al., 2016, Menon et al., 2009, Menon et al., 2004)

inferred from direct assay

(Miles et al., 2012)

enables mRNA regulatory element binding translation repressor activity

inferred from direct assay

(Kim et al., 2012)

enables RNA binding

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Ace; FB:FBgn0000024

(Chen et al., 2008)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:dlg1; FB:FBgn0001624

(Chen et al., 2008)

enables sequence-specific mRNA binding

inferred from direct assay

(Arvola et al., 2020)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables mRNA 3'-UTR binding

traceable author statement

(Leatherman and Jongens, 2003)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000283518

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables mRNA regulatory element binding translation repressor activity

traceable author statement

(Dean et al., 2002)

enables RNA binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001313, InterPro:IPR033133, InterPro:IPR033712

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Biological Process (24 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (13 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in behavioral response to ethanol

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Berger et al., 2008)

involved_in chemical synaptic transmission

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Schweers et al., 2002)

involved_in dendrite morphogenesis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Ye et al., 2004)

involved_in germ cell migration

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Asaoka-Taguchi et al., 1999)

involved_in head involution

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Gamberi et al., 2002)

involved_in long-term memory

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Akalal et al., 2011)

involved_in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Mee et al., 2004)

involved_in negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kim et al., 2012)

involved_in positive regulation of deadenylation-independent decapping of nuclear-transcribed mRNA

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Arvola et al., 2020)

involved_in positive regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Arvola et al., 2020)

involved_in positive regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening

inferred from direct assay

(Weidmann et al., 2014)

involved_in post-transcriptional gene silencing

inferred from direct assay

(Miles et al., 2012)

involved_in regulation of synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction

inferred from direct assay

(Menon et al., 2004)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (13 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in anterior/posterior axis specification, embryo

traceable author statement

(Wickens et al., 2002)

involved_in cell migration

traceable author statement

(Wickens et al., 2002)

involved_in germ cell development

traceable author statement

(Wickens et al., 2002)

involved_in germ cell migration

traceable author statement

(Leatherman and Jongens, 2003)

involved_in long-term memory

traceable author statement

(Greenspan, 2003)

involved_in mitotic cell cycle

traceable author statement

(Wickens et al., 2002)

involved_in negative regulation of cell cycle

traceable author statement

(Wickens et al., 2002)

involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription

traceable author statement

(Leatherman and Jongens, 2003)

involved_in negative regulation of translation

traceable author statement

(Leatherman and Jongens, 2003, Dean et al., 2002)

involved_in nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay

traceable author statement

(Wickens et al., 2002)

involved_in oogenesis

traceable author statement

(Wylie, 1999)

involved_in positive regulation of translation

traceable author statement

(Johnstone and Lasko, 2001)

involved_in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000283516

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Cellular Component (8 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (7 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in cytoplasm

inferred from direct assay

(Menon et al., 2004, MacDonald, 1992)

inferred from high throughput direct assay

(Lye et al., 2014)

is_active_in muscle cell postsynaptic specialization

inferred from direct assay

(Menon et al., 2004)

is_active_in neuromuscular junction

inferred from direct assay

(Menon et al., 2004)

located_in neuronal ribonucleoprotein granule

inferred from direct assay

(Barbee et al., 2006)

located_in nuclear envelope

inferred from direct assay

(Singari et al., 2014)

is_active_in type Ib terminal bouton

inferred from direct assay

(Menon et al., 2004)

is_active_in type Is terminal bouton

inferred from direct assay

(Menon et al., 2004)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in cytoplasm

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000283516

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

is_active_in nucleus

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002648529

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

Pathway (FlyBase)

NEGATIVE REGULATORS OF EGFR SIGNALING PATHWAY

Protein Family (UniProt)

-

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

pumilio (pum) encodes a founding member of the PUF family of RNA binding proteins. It is an essential factor in the translational regulation of hb mRNA in the early embryo. pum product also contributes to multiple processes, including germline stem cell identity maintenance, primordial germ cell proliferation and migration, synaptic plasticity, as well as learning and memory. [Date last reviewed: 2018-09-20]

Pathway (FlyBase)

NEGATIVE REGULATORS OF EGFR SIGNALING PATHWAY -: Negative regulators of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor signaling down-regulate the pathway, suppressing the activation of ERK kinase (rl) or acting on downstream effectors.

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Sequence-specific RNA-binding protein that acts as a post-transcriptional repressor by binding the 3'-UTR of mRNA targets. Binds to an RNA consensus sequence, the Pumilio Response Element (PRE), 5'-UGUANAUA-3', that is related to the Nanos Response Element (NRE) (PubMed:1459455, PubMed:1576962, PubMed:22345517, PubMed:9404893, PubMed:9660969). Mediates post-transcriptional repression of transcripts via different mechanisms: acts via direct recruitment of deadenylase complexes leading to translational inhibition and mRNA degradation (By similarity). Also mediates deadenylation-independent repression by promoting accessibility of miRNAs (PubMed:22345517). Mediates post-transcriptional silencing of E2f mRNA by binding to its 3'-UTR and promoting miRNA regulation (PubMed:22345517). Required for abdominal development and to support proliferation and self-renewal of germ cells. Pum is the only gene required for nanos (nos) activity that is not also required for posterior localization of germline determinants. Pum is required during embryogenesis when nanos activity apparently moves anteriorly from the posterior pole (PubMed:1459455, PubMed:1576962, PubMed:9404893, PubMed:9660969).

(UniProt, P25822)

Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)

pum: pumilio

Wild-type allele of pum involved in development of the abdomen (embryos) and of the imaginal disks (larvae or pupae), perhaps having a function in signal transport. Embryos derived from pum/pum females (strong allele) form two instead of eight abdominal segments; head, thorax, and telson are normal. Pole cells are formed by the pum embryos and these cells function normally when transplanted into otherwise sterile embryos. There is no paternal rescue. Partial rescue of the pum abdominal phenotype (at the site of the injection) can be obtained with cytoplasm from the posterior pole of (1) wild-type embryos or (2) pum embryos. When pum is combined with tsl (mutant in which the abdominal region is placed next to the pole plasm), a rescue of abdominal segments may occur. pum opposite a deficiency or another pum allele results in a recessive zygotic visible phenotype; pum adult flies have additional postalar, dorsocentral, and scutellar bristles and reduced viability.

Summary (Interactive Fly)

novel posterior group gene - posttranscriptional repressor - binds and regulates Hunchback mRNA - Nanos acts as a molecular clamp that modulates the RNA-binding and repression activities of Pumilio

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

8

Number of Unique Polypeptides

5

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\pum for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry P25822)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

Comments on Gene Model

Stage-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during embryogenesis (FBrf0215804); all variants may not be annotated.

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

A non-AUG start codon may be used for translation of one or more transcripts of this gene; based on the presence of conserved protein signatures within the 5' UTR without an in-frame AUG (FBrf0243886).

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

FBtr0081990

6661

1533

FBtr0081993

7473

1185

FBtr0081992

6809

1533

FBtr0081991

6659

1533

FBtr0081994

4685

935

FBtr0305197

4655

925

FBtr0333667

10223

1533

FBtr0333668

8057

921

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

6.833, 6.674 (longest cDNA)

(Barker et al., 1992)

>7.0 (unknown); 7.0 (northern blot)

(MacDonald, 1992)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

FBpp0081470

157.5

1533

7.69

FBpp0081473

123.5

1185

7.32

FBpp0081472

157.5

1533

7.69

FBpp0081471

157.5

1533

7.69

FBpp0081474

97.8

935

8.55

FBpp0293727

96.6

925

8.65

FBpp0305823

157.5

1533

7.69

FBpp0305824

96.2

921

8.76

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

1533 aa isoforms: pum-PA, pum-PC, pum-PD, pum-PG

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

156, 130 (kD observed)

(Parisi and Lin, 1999)

1533 (aa); 160 (kD)

(Barker et al., 1992)

1533 (aa); 157 (kD predicted)

(MacDonald, 1992)

Comments

The doublet of 156 kD pum proteins observed in Western blots may be generated by posttranslational modification.

(Parisi and Lin, 1999)

It is not known how the 130 kD pum isoform is generated; it may be generated by an alternate transcript, or by post-translational modification of the 156 kD isoform. Antibodies generated against exons 4, exons 4-13 and exons 11-13 of the 156 kD pum isoform cross-react with the 130 kD isoform.

(Parisi and Lin, 1999)

RNA-protein and protein-protein interaction assays indicate that nos protein forms a ternary complex with the RNA-binding domain of pum protein and the NREs (nanos response element) in the 3'' UTR of maternal hb mRNA.

(Sonoda and Wharton, 1999)

A 165 kD protein identified as pum protein binds the nanos response elements (NRE) in the 3' UTR of hb mRNA.

(Sonoda and Wharton, 1999)

A 165 kD protein identified as pum protein binds the nanos response elements (NRE) in the 3'' UTR of hb mRNA.

(Murata and Wharton, 1995)

The carboxy-terminus of the protein contains eight repeated units which are strikingly similar to a region of eight repeats in the S. cerevisiae YGL023 gene.

(Barker et al., 1992)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with nanos (nos) and brat. Acts via the formation of a quaternary complex composed of pum, nanos, brat and the 3'-UTR mRNA of hb.

(UniProt, P25822)

Domain

The pumilio repeats mediate the association with RNA by packing together to form a right-handed superhelix that approximates a half donut. RNA-binding occurs on the concave side of the surface. Pum is composed of 8 pumilio repeats of 36 residues; each repeat binds a single nucleotide in its RNA target. Residues at positions 12 and 16 of the pumilio repeat bind each RNA base via hydrogen bonding or van der Waals contacts with the Watson-Crick edge, while the amino acid at position 13 makes a stacking interaction. The recognition of RNA by pumilio repeats is base specific: cysteine and glutamine at position 12 and 16, respectively, bind adenine; asparagine and glutamine bind uracil; and serine and glutamate bind guanine.

(UniProt, P25822)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\pum using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-1.01

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

organism | ubiquitous

(MacDonald, 1992)

primordial germ cell

(MacDonald, 1992)

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 1 -- 4

pole plasm | posterior

(Lecuyer et al., 2007)

embryonic cycle 5 -- embryonic cycle 8

organism | 0-10% egg length

(Barker et al., 1992)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 5

primordial germ cell

(Lecuyer et al., 2007)

embryonic stage 9 -- 17

Comment: extended 3' UTR isoform

(Hilgers et al., 2011)

embryonic stage 12 -- 15

larval nervous system

Comment: extended 3' UTR isoform

(Hilgers et al., 2011)

wandering third instar larval stage

wing pouch | restricted

(Molnar et al., 2012)

wing hinge primordium | restricted

(Molnar et al., 2012)

adult stage & oogenesis

(MacDonald, 1992)

oogenesis & adult stage | female

(Barker et al., 1992)

adult stage oogenesis stage S9 -- S14

border follicle cell

(MacDonald, 1992)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

(Barker et al., 1992)

Additional Descriptive Data

Zygotic-specific isoforms of pum with long 3' UTR extensions were observed. The 3' UTR extension isoforms are highly enriched in nervous system tissues.

(Hilgers et al., 2011)

pum expression at embryonic stages 1-4 is localized to the posterior pole of the embryo.

(Lecuyer et al., 2007)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

central nervous system

(Dubnau et al., 2003)

adult mushroom body

(Dubnau et al., 2003)

adult stage & oogenesis

cystoblast of germarium region 1

(Forbes and Lehmann, 1998)

female germline stem cell of germarium region 1

(Forbes and Lehmann, 1998)

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

day 5 of adulthood | male -- day 7 of adulthood | male

(Wasbrough et al., 2010)

Additional Descriptive Data

pum protein is detected in a broad pattern in the CNS with enriched expression in the calyx of the mushroom body.

(Dubnau et al., 2003)

pum protein is detected in germarium region 1, with highest levels in germline stem cells, and lower levels in in dividing cystoblasts.

(Forbes and Lehmann, 1998)

pum protein is expressed in early embryos. There is no apparent asymmetry in the distribution of pum protein along the anteroposterior axis in the preblastoderm embryo or after the pole cells have formed. It is concentrated in a subcortical region of the embryo.

(MacDonald, 1992)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in cytoplasm

inferred from direct assay

(Menon et al., 2004, MacDonald, 1992)

inferred from high throughput direct assay

(Lye et al., 2014)

is_active_in muscle cell postsynaptic specialization

inferred from direct assay

(Menon et al., 2004)

is_active_in neuromuscular junction

inferred from direct assay

(Menon et al., 2004)

located_in neuronal ribonucleoprotein granule

inferred from direct assay

(Barbee et al., 2006)

located_in nuclear envelope

inferred from direct assay

(Singari et al., 2014)

is_active_in type Ib terminal bouton

inferred from direct assay

(Menon et al., 2004)

is_active_in type Is terminal bouton

inferred from direct assay

(Menon et al., 2004)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

Reporter: P{lacZ}pum^milord-1

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

central nervous system

(Dubnau et al., 2003)

adult mushroom body

(Dubnau et al., 2003)

Reporter: P{lacZ}pum^milord-2

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

central nervous system

(Dubnau et al., 2003)

adult mushroom body

(Dubnau et al., 2003)

Reporter: P{Switch2}pum^GSGB13-7

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

third instar larval stage

larval neuron | subset of larval ventral nerve cord | intense | segmentally repeated | ventro-lateral

Comment: single neuron

(Nicholson et al., 2008)

larval neuron | subset of larval ventral nerve cord | faint | lateral | segmentally repeated

Comment: 1 or 2 neurons

(Nicholson et al., 2008)

larval transverse nerve | faint

• axon

(Nicholson et al., 2008)

Reporter: PBac{CPTI-un}pum^CPTI002853

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult brain cell body rind

Comment: adult brain cortex, higher around central brain and in a subset of cells in the optic lobe

(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\pum in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\pum

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\pum

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

41094/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0003165

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0003165

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0003165

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG9755

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0003165

Images

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 137 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 31 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of pum

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of pum

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 11 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 11 )

Gene disrupted in

(Deal-Herr and Cook, 2002.11.8)

(Christensen et al., 2008.12.28)

(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

(Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)

(Forbes and Lehmann, 1998, Barker et al., 1992, MacDonald, 1992)

(Forbes and Lehmann, 1998, Barker et al., 1992)

Gene not disrupted in

(Spradling et al., 1999)

(Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

(Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)

(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Gene partially disrupted in

(Weiler and Chatterjee, 2009)

(Weiler and Chatterjee, 2009)

Inferred from location ( 9 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^109(2)80

pum^UAS.cYa

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^GH146

pum^UAS.cSa

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.247

pum^UAS.cSa

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^{Mhc.Switch.PO}

pum^UAS.fl

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^MJ85b

pum^UAS.cSa

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^Tab2-201Y

pum^UAS.cSa

lethal | maternal effect

pum¹

lethal | maternal effect | recessive

lethal | maternal effect | recessive | heat sensitive

pum⁶⁸⁰

lethal | recessive

lethal - all die during embryonic stage | germline clone | non-rescuable maternal effect | recessive

lethal - all die during embryonic stage | maternal effect | recessive

pum¹

partially lethal - majority die

partially lethal - majority die | recessive

pum^unspecified

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

pum^GD14303

Sterility

Allele

female sterile | recessive

pum^bem

sterile (with pum¹)

pum⁰²⁰⁰³

sterile (with pum⁰²⁰⁰³)

pum¹

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal cell size | third instar larval stage

pum⁰⁶⁸⁹⁷

abnormal flight

pum^bem

abnormal jumping, with Scer\GAL4^Mhc.PU

pum^UAS.cYa

abnormal learning

pum^milord-1

abnormal locomotor behavior | semidominant

pum^bem

abnormal memory

abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4^5-78

pum^UAS.cYa

abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4⁴⁷⁷

abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

pum^UAS.cSa

abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PG

abnormal neuroanatomy (with pum⁷)

abnormal neuroanatomy (with pum⁹)

pum⁷

abnormal neuroanatomy (with pum^Msc)

pum⁷

abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^ple.PF

pum^UAS.cYa

abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

pum^EP3038

abnormal neuroanatomy | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PG

pum^UAS.fl

abnormal neuroanatomy | somatic clone

pum¹

abnormal neuroanatomy | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4^NP0021

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4⁴⁷⁷

pum^HMS01685

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PG

pum^UAS.fl

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage (with pum⁷)

pum⁹

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage (with pum⁹)

pum⁷

abnormal neurophysiology

abnormal neurophysiology, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

pum^UAS.cSa

abnormal neurophysiology, with Scer\GAL4^eve.RN2O

pum^UAS.cSa

abnormal neurophysiology (with Df(3R)BSC24)

pum⁷

abnormal neurophysiology (with pum⁷)

abnormal neurophysiology (with pum⁹)

abnormal neurophysiology (with pum^bem)

abnormal neurophysiology (with pum^Msc)

pum⁷

abnormal neurophysiology | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^eve.RRa

abnormal size | third instar larval stage

pum⁰⁶⁸⁹⁷

chemical sensitive

chemical sensitive | recessive

pum⁶⁸⁰

decreased cell number | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^ple.PF

pum^UAS.cYa

decreased cell number | adult stage | female

decreased cell number | pupal stage

pum⁰⁶⁸⁹⁷

decreased cell number | third instar larval stage

decreased fecundity | female

increased cell number | third instar larval stage

increased occurrence of cell division | third instar larval stage

pum⁰¹⁶⁸⁸

paralytic | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ChAT.7.4

short lived | RU486 conditional, with Tn10\tetR^rtTA.Act5C

pum^PdL58A2

some die during embryonic stage | non-rescuable maternal effect | recessive

some die during embryonic stage | recessive | maternal effect | recessive

pum¹

pum^bem

visible, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1

pum^UAS.cKa

visible, with Scer\GAL4^en.PU

pum^RNAi.UAS.cUa

visible, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

pum^DPQ

visible, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

pum^DPQ

visible, with Scer\GAL4^sca-537.4

pum^UAS.cKa

visible, with Scer\GAL4^sca-C253

pum^{HD.UAS.Tag:V5}

visible, with Scer\GAL4^Ser.PGF

pum^UAS.cKa

visible, with Tn10\tetR^rtTA.Act5C

visible (with pum¹)

visible (with pum³)

visible (with pum⁷)

visible (with pum⁰¹⁶⁸⁸)

visible (with pum^Msc)

visible | adult stage | progressive, with Scer\GAL4^Mhc.PU

pum^UAS.cYa

visible | recessive

visible | RU486 conditional, with Tn10\tetR^rtTA.Act5C

pum^PdL58A2

pum^PdL58A2

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

adult mushroom body, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

pum^UAS.cSa

antennal lobe neuroblast | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4^NP0021

anterior fascicle & synapse, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

pum^EP3038

pum⁰³²⁰³

cephalopharyngeal skeleton

pum⁶⁸⁰

dendrite | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PG

pum^UAS.fl

dendrite | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4⁴⁷⁷

pum^HMS01685

dendrite | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PG

pum^UAS.fl

dendritic arborising neuron & dendrite | somatic clone

pum¹

dendritic arborising neuron & dendritic tree, with Scer\GAL4^5-78

pum^UAS.cYa

dendritic arborising neuron & dendritic tree, with Scer\GAL4⁴⁷⁷

dopaminergic neuron | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^ple.PF

pum^UAS.cYa

dopaminergic PPL1 neuron | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^ple.PF

pum^UAS.cYa

egg chamber, with Scer\GAL4^vas.PU

embryo | dorsal closure stage

pum⁶⁸⁰

embryo | germline clone | maternal effect | posterior

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction (with pum⁷)

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction (with pum⁹)

pum⁷

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction (with pum^Msc)

pum⁷

embryonic abdomen (with pum⁶⁸⁰)

pum^Msc

embryonic abdomen (with pum^Msc)

pum⁶⁸⁰

embryonic abdominal segment

embryonic abdominal segment 1

pum^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 2

pum^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 3

pum^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 4

pum^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 5

pum^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 6

pum^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 7

pum^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 8

pum^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 9

pum^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 10

pum^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 11

pum^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment (with pum⁶⁸⁰)

pum^Msc

embryonic abdominal segment (with pum^Msc)

pum⁶⁸⁰

embryonic epidermis (with pum⁶⁸⁰)

pum^Msc

embryonic epidermis (with pum^Msc)

pum⁶⁸⁰

embryonic head | germline clone | maternal effect

eye, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

pum^DPQ

eye, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

pum^DPQ

female germline cell | increased number, with Scer\GAL4^vas.PU

female germline stem cell

female germline stem cell | adult stage

female germline stem cell | larval stage

female germline stem cell | somatic clone

flight muscle cell | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^Mhc.PU

pum^UAS.cYa

pum⁰¹⁶⁸⁸

germarium (with pum¹)

pum⁹

germarium (with pum⁹)

pum¹

germ cell & germarium

pum^unspecified

pum¹

germline cyst | ectopic

pum^unspecified

germline stem cell | pupal stage

pum⁰⁶⁸⁹⁷

gonad | larval stage

pum^unspecified

Kenyon cell, with Scer\GAL4^ey-OK107

pum^UAS.cSa

larval DA1 motor neuron

pum^bem

larval DA1 motor neuron, with Scer\GAL4^eve.RN2O

pum^UAS.cSa

larval DA1 motor neuron | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^eve.RRa

pum⁶⁸⁰

larval intersegmental nerve, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

pum^EP3038

larval multidendritic class IV neuron, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PG

larval multidendritic class IV neuron | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PG

pum^UAS.fl

larval multidendritic class IV neuron | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4⁴⁷⁷

pum^HMS01685

larval multidendritic class IV neuron | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PG

pum^UAS.fl

larval RP2 motor neuron

pum^bem

larval RP2 motor neuron, with Scer\GAL4^eve.RN2O

pum^UAS.cSa

macrochaeta, with Scer\GAL4^sca-537.4

pum^UAS.cKa

macrochaeta | ectopic

macrochaeta | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^sca-C253

pum^{HD.UAS.Tag:V5}

macrochaeta | ectopic (with pum¹)

pum^Msc

macrochaeta | ectopic (with pum³)

macrochaeta | ectopic (with pum⁷)

macrochaeta | ectopic (with pum⁰¹⁶⁸⁸)

macrochaeta | ectopic (with pum^Msc)

metanotum, with Scer\GAL4^sca-537.4

pum^UAS.cKa

metanotum, with Scer\GAL4^sca-C253

pum^{HD.UAS.Tag:V5}

metanotum (with pum¹)

pum^Msc

metanotum (with pum³)

metanotum (with pum⁷)

metanotum (with pum⁰¹⁶⁸⁸)

metanotum (with pum^Msc)

mitochondrion | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^Mhc.PU

pum^UAS.cYa

mitochondrion | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^ple.PF

pum^UAS.cYa

pum⁰¹⁶⁸⁸

pum⁶⁸⁰

mouth hook (with pum¹)

pum⁶⁸⁰

mouth hook (with pum⁶⁸⁰)

pum¹

neuromuscular junction

pum^bem

NMJ bouton, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

pum^UAS.fl

NMJ bouton (with pum⁷)

NMJ bouton (with pum⁹)

pum⁷

NMJ bouton (with pum^Msc)

pum⁷

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage (with pum⁷)

pum⁹

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage (with pum⁹)

pum⁷

nurse cell, with Scer\GAL4^vas.PU

nurse cell ring canal

pum⁰⁴²⁷⁷

ovariole (with pum¹)

pum⁹

ovariole (with pum⁹)

pum¹

ovariole | germline clone

ovariole | germline clone | maternal effect

pum¹

ovary | adult stage

ovary | third instar larval stage

pum⁰¹⁶⁸⁸

primordial germ cell | maternal effect (with pum^FC8)

pum^Msc

primordial germ cell | maternal effect (with pum^Msc)

pum^FC8

pum⁰²⁰⁰³

stalk follicle cell

pum⁰⁴²⁷⁷

terminal filament

pum⁰⁴²⁷⁷

type I bouton, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

pum^UAS.fl

type I bouton (with pum⁷)

pum⁹

type I bouton (with pum⁹)

pum⁷

wing, with Tn10\tetR^rtTA.Act5C

wing | adult stage | progressive, with Scer\GAL4^Mhc.PU

pum^UAS.cYa

wing | RU486 conditional, with Tn10\tetR^rtTA.Act5C

pum^PdL58A2

wing margin, with Scer\GAL4^Ser.PGF

pum^UAS.cKa

wing vein, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1

pum^UAS.cKa

wing vein | ectopic

wing vein | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^en.PU

pum^RNAi.UAS.cUa

wing vein | ectopic (with pum¹)

wing vein | ectopic (with pum³)

wing vein | ectopic (with pum⁷)

pum⁰¹⁶⁸⁸

wing vein | ectopic (with pum⁰¹⁶⁸⁸)

wing vein | ectopic (with pum^Msc)

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (4)

10 of 14

Yes

Yes

2

10 of 14

Yes

Yes

1

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (5)

10 of 14

Yes

Yes

10 of 14

Yes

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

Rnor\RGD1308750

1 of 14

No

No

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (4)

10 of 14

Yes

Yes

10 of 14

Yes

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (5)

6 of 13

Yes

Yes

5 of 13

No

Yes

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (4)

9 of 14

Yes

Yes

9 of 14

Yes

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (10)

9 of 14

Yes

Yes

5 of 14

No

Yes

3 of 14

No

Yes

3 of 14

No

Yes

3 of 14

No

Yes

3 of 14

No

Yes

3 of 14

No

Yes

3 of 14

No

Yes

3 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (3)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP003914

9 of 12

Yes

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP004322

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011440

1 of 12

No

No

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (25)

7 of 13

Yes

Yes

7 of 13

Yes

Yes

6 of 13

No

Yes

6 of 13

No

Yes

6 of 13

No

Yes

6 of 13

No

Yes

3 of 13

No

Yes

3 of 13

No

Yes

3 of 13

No

Yes

3 of 13

No

Yes

3 of 13

No

Yes

3 of 13

No

Yes

2 of 13

No

Yes

2 of 13

No

Yes

2 of 13

No

Yes

2 of 13

No

Yes

2 of 13

No

Yes

2 of 13

No

Yes

2 of 13

No

Yes

2 of 13

No

Yes

2 of 13

No

Yes

2 of 13

No

Yes

2 of 13

No

Yes

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (7)

9 of 13

Yes

Yes

3 of 13

No

Yes

3 of 13

No

Yes

2 of 13

No

Yes

2 of 13

No

Yes

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (9)

8 of 12

Yes

Yes

Spom\SPAC4G8.03c

4 of 12

No

Yes

3 of 12

No

Yes

Spom\SPAC6G9.14

3 of 12

No

Yes

Spom\SPCC1682.08c

3 of 12

No

Yes

Spom\SPBC56F2.08c

2 of 12

No

Yes

Spom\SPBP35G2.14

2 of 12

No

Yes

1 of 12

No

No

1 of 12

No

No

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:pum. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (2)

1 of 13

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

PUM1; pumilio RNA binding family member 1

model of cerebellar ataxia type 47

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 10 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

pum⁰¹⁶⁸⁸

ameliorates oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy

modeled by Hsap\PABPN1^17ala.Act88F

(Chartier et al., 2015)

ameliorates oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy

modeled by Hsap\PABPN1^17ala.Act88F

(Chartier et al., 2015)

ameliorates oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy

modeled by Hsap\PABPN1^17ala.Act88F

(Chartier et al., 2015)

exacerbates autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia

modeled by Hsap\ATXN1^82.UAS

(Ghosh and Feany, 2004)

modeled by Hsap\ATXN1^30Q.UAS

(Fernandez-Funez et al., 2000)

modeled by Hsap\ATXN1^82Q.UAS

(Fernandez-Funez et al., 2000)

exacerbates Huntington's disease

modeled by Hsap\HTT^{128Q.1-336.UAS}

(Branco et al., 2008)

exacerbates olivopontocerebellar atrophy

modeled by Hsap\ATXN1^82Q.UAS

(Branco et al., 2008)

ameliorates epilepsy

modeled by para^bss1

(Lin et al., 2017)

ameliorates Huntington's disease

modeled by Hsap\HTT^{128Q.1-336.UAS}

(Branco et al., 2008)

ameliorates olivopontocerebellar atrophy

modeled by Hsap\ATXN1^82Q.UAS

(Branco et al., 2008)

exacerbates amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 6

modeled by Hsap\FUS^{R521C.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Kankel et al., 2020)

ameliorates amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 10

modeled by Hsap\TARDBP^{M337V.UAS.Tag:MYC}

(Kankel et al., 2020)

exacerbates epilepsy

modeled by para^bss1

(Lin et al., 2017)

exacerbates cancer

modeled by HPV18\E6^UAS.Tag:MYC, Hsap\UBE3A^UAS.cRa

(Collins et al., 2023)

exacerbates cancer

modeled by HPV18\E6^UAS.Tag:MYC, Hsap\UBE3A^UAS.cRa

(Collins et al., 2023)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

PUM1; pumilio RNA binding family member 1

10 of 14

NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER WITH MOTOR ABNORMALITIES, SEIZURES, AND FACIAL DYSMORPHISM; NEDMSF

cerebellar ataxia type 47

PUM2; pumilio RNA binding family member 2

10 of 14

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

RNA-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Chen et al., 2008)

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Chen et al., 2008)

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Chen et al., 2008)

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Flora et al., 2018, Weidmann et al., 2016, Chen et al., 2008, Kadyrova et al., 2007)

rna three hybrid

(Kim et al., 2012)

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Chen et al., 2008)

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Menon et al., 2009)

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, reverse transcription pcr

(Ji and Tulin, 2016)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr

(Malik et al., 2019)

pull down, anti tag western blot

(Gerber et al., 2006)

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Asaoka et al., 2019)

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr

(Carreira-Rosario et al., 2016)

rna three hybrid

(Kim et al., 2012)

pum - Su(var)3-3

tandem affinity purification, quantitative reverse transcription pcr

(Miles et al., 2015)

pull down, anti tag western blot

(Gerber et al., 2006)

pull down, quantitative reverse transcription pcr

(Cairrão et al., 2022)

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Weidmann et al., 2016)

pull down, anti tag western blot

(Gerber et al., 2006)

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Chen et al., 2008)

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Chen et al., 2008)

rna three hybrid

(Kim et al., 2012)

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Menon et al., 2004)

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, primer specific pcr

(Hilgers et al., 2012)

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Bhogal et al., 2016)

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Chen et al., 2008)

pull down, autoradiography, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, primer specific pcr, quantitative reverse transcription pcr

(Flora et al., 2018, Joly et al., 2013)

pull down, anti tag western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr

(Muraro et al., 2008)

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Flora et al., 2018)

pull down, anti tag western blot

(Gerber et al., 2006)

rna three hybrid

(Kim et al., 2012)

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Chen et al., 2008)

pull down, anti tag western blot

(Gerber et al., 2006)

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

pull down, anti tag western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation

(Weidmann et al., 2014)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, western blot, two hybrid

(Haugen et al., 2022, Arvola et al., 2020)

(Haugen et al., 2022)

pull down, autoradiography, anti tag western blot

(Weidmann et al., 2014, Kadyrova et al., 2007)

two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Haugen et al., 2022)

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Gehrke et al., 2015)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy, three hybrid

(Kim et al., 2010)

three hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy

(Kim et al., 2010)

molecular sieving, molecular weight estimation by staining, pull down, anti tag western blot, western blot, transcriptional complementation assay, three hybrid

(Loedige et al., 2014, Kadyrova et al., 2007, Cho et al., 2006, Edwards et al., 2001, Sonoda and Wharton, 2001)

(Sonoda and Wharton, 2001)

pull down, western blot

(Cho et al., 2006)

pull down, anti tag western blot

(Weidmann et al., 2014)

enzymatic study, autoradiography

(Hara et al., 2018)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation

(Joly et al., 2013)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

suppressible

(Bhogal et al., 2016)

suppressible

(Bhogal et al., 2016)

enhanceable

(Kim et al., 2012)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

enhanceable

(Kwon et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Kim et al., 2012)

enhanceable

(Kim et al., 2012)

suppressible

(Menon et al., 2004)

suppressible

(Coux et al., 2018)

enhanceable

(Kwon et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Ye et al., 2004, Wharton et al., 1998)

enhanceable

(Duchow et al., 2005)

suppressible

(Lin et al., 2017)

enhanceable

(Lin et al., 2017)

suppressible

(Lin et al., 2015)

suppressible

(Gregory et al., 2007)

suppressible

(Gehrke et al., 2015)

enhanceable

(Pena-Rangel et al., 2002)

enhanceable

(Kwon et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Carreira-Rosario et al., 2016)

suppressible

(Kim et al., 2012)

enhanceable

(Kim et al., 2012)

suppressible

(Maines et al., 2007)

enhanceable

(Joly et al., 2013)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with nanos (nos) and brat. Acts via the formation of a quaternary complex composed of pum, nanos, brat and the 3'-UTR mRNA of hb.

(UniProt, P25822 )

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

66261

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0003165

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

41094

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

41094

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

NEGATIVE REGULATORS OF EGFR SIGNALING PATHWAY

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

Class of Gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

3R

Recombination map

3-48

Cytogenetic map

Sequence location

3R:9,066,343..9,237,682 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

85C4-85D1

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(3)L4740^L4740 and P{EP}D1^EP473

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

85D2-85D3

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Spradling et al., 1999)

85D1-85D2

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Stern et al., 1995)

85D-85D

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Walters et al., 1995)

85C-85D

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Barker et al., 1993)

85D-85D

85D2--3

(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-48

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-45.9

(Comeron et al., 2012)

3-48.5

(Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (131)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

12162

P{VT038814-GAL4}attP2

12163

P{VT038815-GAL4}attP2

12164

P{VT038821-GAL4}attP2

12165

P{VT038829-GAL4}attP2

12446

P{VT038785-GAL4}attP2

12447

P{VT038786-GAL4}attP2

12448

P{VT038792-GAL4}attP2

12449

P{VT038796-GAL4}attP2

12450

P{VT038822-GAL4}attP2

12719

P{VT038779-GAL4}attP2

12720

P{VT038816-GAL4}attP2

v101399

P{KK109048}VIE-260B

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (115)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (58)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0003165

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0003165

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Arvola et al., 2020, Joly et al., 2013, Kim et al., 2010, MacDonald, 1992)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

New stable cell line derived from S2-DGRC : Drosophila S2 stable cell lines expressing pum were generated
(Cairrão et al., 2022)
New stable cell line derived from S1 : Stable S1 cell lines were created expressing pum with a myc epitope at the C-terminus or Raf tagged with V5 at the N-terminus. In addition a pum knockout cell line was created.
(Haugen et al., 2024)

Other Comments

Affinity binding in extracts from adult ovaries reveals that 1090 genes are consistently associated with pum with a false discovery rate of <1%. Analysis on embryos identifies 165 genes that are associated with pum. The overlap between the two groups contains 31 genes.

(Gerber et al., 2006)

pum is an important regulator of synaptic growth and plasticity at the neuromuscular junction.

(Menon et al., 2004)

nos and pum control the elaboration of high-order dendritic branches of class III and IV, but not class I and II, dendritic arborization neurons. nos and pum require each other to control dendrite morphogenesis, but hb is not required.

(Ye et al., 2004)

pum has a role in long-term memory.

(Dubnau et al., 2003)

pum is required for normal anterior development.

(Gamberi et al., 2002)

pum has a role in neuronal excitability.

(Schweers et al., 2002)

pum plays multiple roles in germline development, gonadogenesis, oogenesis and embryogenesis.

(Parisi and Lin, 1999)

The nos gene product forms a ternary complex with the RNA-binding domain of pum and the hb NRE (nos response element).

(Sonoda and Wharton, 1999)

Maternally deposited nos is essential for germ cell migration. Lack of zygotic activity of nos and pum has a dramatic effect on germline development of homozygous females. nos and pum act in the germline, affecting germline stem cell development. nos function lies in the differentiation of the stem cell progeny, the cystoblast. nos and pum may interact with different partners in the germline.

(Forbes and Lehmann, 1998)

pum mutant ovaries fail to maintain stem cells and all germline cells differentiate into egg chambers.

(Forbes and Lehmann, 1998)

'ovarette' mutations of pum affect the assymetric division of germline stem cells.

(Lin and Spradling, 1997)

Mutations in pum specifically disrupt photoreceptor targetting.

(Schmucker et al., 1997)

Isolated during a screen for mutations that disrupt Bolwig's organ or Bolwig's nerve development.

(Schmucker et al., 1997)

A study of the mechanisms of nos-mediated translational repression indicates that nos and pum determine posterior morphology by promoting the deadenylation of maternal hb mRNA, thereby repressing its translation.

(Wreden et al., 1997)

The pum RNA-binding domain is an evolutionarily conserved, 334 amino acid region at the carboxy terminus of the protein.

(Zamore et al., 1997)

Nurse cell-specific genes are functional in the pseudonurse cells of otu mutants, but the transport of pum, otu, ovo and bcd RNAs to the cytoplasm is affected. The nuclear localisation of otu and pum mRNA correlates with chromosome polytenisation.

(Heino et al., 1995)

nos response elements (NRE) in the hb mRNA mediate nos repression of hb maternal transcript translation. pum protein is an NRE binding factor, pum recognises the NRE and recruits nos, the resulting complex is thought to inhibit some component of the translation machinery.

(Murata and Wharton, 1995)

Mutation in pum increases neuronal excitability, possibly as a result of a defect in an ion channel structural or regulatory gene.

(Stern et al., 1995)

Flies defective in pum display uncoordination, inability to fly and greatly reduced fertility. Mutant larvae display a more rapid onset of a phenomenon called long term facilitation so causes increased neuronal excitability.

(Walters et al., 1995)

The pum gene product recognises and binds directly to the nanos response elements (NREs) in the 3' region of hb. The nos gene product then binds to pum and this complex interferes with translation of hb mRNA.

(Wharton et al., 1995)

Distribution of tud protein in mutant embryos has been studied.

(Bardsley et al., 1993)

The pumilio gene is expressed maternally. pumilio RNA is enriched at the posterior pole of the egg, but is not required for either the expression of nanos protein or its transport to the presumptive abdomen. Amorphic alleles show that the function of pumilio is absolutely required for abdomen formation.

(Barker et al., 1992)

pum gene product affects the asymmetric division of the female germline stem cell (GSC).

(Lin and Spradling, 1992)

Cloning, molecular characterization and analysis of pum mRNA and protein expression reveals that pum does not act in a spatially restricted fashion.

(MacDonald, 1992)

The pum mutant phenotype can be rescued by extra maternal copies of osk.

(Smith et al., 1992)

pum is critical for pole plasm formation but not required for the initial localization or synthesis of the posterior signal. The abdominal phenotype of pum embryos can be partially rescued by cytoplasmic transplantation of wild type posterior pole plasm into the abdominal region. The signal required for abdominal segmentation is present in the pole plasm from pum embryos but cannot reach the abdominal region.

(Lehmann and Nusslein-Volhard, 1991)

Mutations in maternal posterior class gene pum do not interact with RpII140^wimp.

(Parkhurst and Ish-Horowicz, 1991)

Mature follicles are immunologically stained for asymmetric distribution of ecdysteroid-related antigen. During late oogenesis localisation of the antigen changes dramatically suggesting the antigen plays a role in early embryogenesis and, perhaps, in pattern formation.

(Grau and Gutzeit, 1990)

pum gene function is not required for pole cell formation.

(Lasko and Ashburner, 1990)

pum plays a role in polar granule formation.

(Raff et al., 1990)

Transplantation experiments suggest that pum is involved in the transport of a signal required in the abdomen from the pole plasm to the abdominal region.

(Lehmann and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)

Wild-type allele of pum involved in development of the abdomen (embryos) and of the imaginal discs (larvae or pupae), perhaps having a function in signal transport. Embryos derived from pum/pum females (strong allele) form two instead of eight abdominal segments; head, thorax and telson are normal. Pole cells are formed by the pum embryos and these cells function normally when transplanted into otherwise sterile embryos. There is no paternal rescue. Partial rescue of the pum abdominal phenotype (at the site of the injection) can be obtained with cytoplasm from the posterior pole of (1) wild-type embryos or (2) pum embryos. When pum is combined with tsl (mutant in which the abdominal region is placed next to the pole plasm), a rescue of abdominal segments may occur. pum opposite a deficiency or another pum allele results in a recessive zygotic visible phenotype; pum adult flies have additional postalar, dorsocentral and scutellar bristles and reduced viability. Most mutant alleles are semi-lethal and have abnormal bristles when homozygous.

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: pum bem

(Schweers et al., 2001)

Source for merge of: pum anon-WO0172774.19

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Additional comments

The "bem¹" mutation may be an allele of pum; pum¹³ fails to complement bem¹ female sterility, bem¹ female fertility is partially rescued by ovary specific expression of pum and one of three pum transcripts is absent from bem¹ heads.

(Schweers et al., 1999)

Source for merge of pum anon-WO0172774.19 was sequence comparison ( date:051113 ).

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: pum CG9755

(Li, 1999.11)

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (23)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG9755

(Ibaraki et al., 2021, Çiçek et al., 2016, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009.3.31, Maisonhaute et al., 2007, Brandt, 2006, Molnar et al., 2006, Kraut et al., 2001, Kraut et al., 2001)

CG9763

(Norga et al., 2003)

EP(3)0883

(Pena-Rangel et al., 2002)

PKL

(Roberto and Emery, 2022, Getahun et al., 2013)

PUM

(Lefebvre and Lécuyer, 2018, Luo et al., 2016, Meister, 2013, Chau et al., 2009, Sofola et al., 2007)

Pum

anon-WO0172774.19

bem

(Stern et al., 1995, Walters et al., 1995)

fs(3)02003

l(3)01688

(Spradling, 1999.12.9)

ova

(Lin and Spradling, 1992)

ovt

(Deng and Lin, 2001, Lin and Spradling, 1997, Lin and Spradling, 1995)

pkl

(Schmucker et al., 1997, Schmucker et al., 1997, Schmucker et al., 1995)

pum

(Dyson et al., 2025, Grzejda et al., 2025, Kagemann et al., 2025, Isaacson et al., 2024, Collins et al., 2023, Garcia-Vaquero et al., 2023, Jang and Kim, 2023, Saha et al., 2023, Titlow et al., 2023, Beaver et al., 2022, Cairrão et al., 2022, Eickelberg et al., 2022, Ribot et al., 2022, Baker et al., 2021, Ibaraki et al., 2021, Pang et al., 2021, Park et al., 2021, Watanabe and Riddle, 2021, Blatt et al., 2020, Eichler et al., 2020, Kankel et al., 2020, Mira and Morante, 2020, Sapiro et al., 2020, Sato and Yamamoto, 2020, Takai et al., 2020, Trcek et al., 2020, Wei et al., 2020, Asaoka et al., 2019, Drummond-Barbosa, 2019, FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2019-, Nelson et al., 2019, Rivera et al., 2019, Shcherbata, 2019, Tiwari et al., 2019, Trcek and Lehmann, 2019, Whittle and Extavour, 2019, Flora et al., 2018, Hara et al., 2018, Kang et al., 2018, Reichardt et al., 2018, Wharton et al., 2018, Ashton-Beaucage and Therrien, 2017, Bonneaud et al., 2017, Ghezzi et al., 2017, Lin et al., 2017, Park et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Vallejos Baier et al., 2017, Bhogal et al., 2016, Clandinin and Owens, 2016-, Gene Disruption Project members, 2016-, McMahon et al., 2016, Schmid et al., 2016, Schwartz et al., 2016, Burow et al., 2015, Chartier et al., 2015, Duff et al., 2015, Flores et al., 2015, Gehrke et al., 2015, Gene Disruption Project members, 2015-, Laver et al., 2015, Lin et al., 2015, Loedige et al., 2015, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Miles et al., 2014, Montgomery et al., 2014, Olesnicky et al., 2014, Singari et al., 2014, Westholm et al., 2014, Zhang et al., 2014, Ghezzi et al., 2013, Joly et al., 2013, Robinson and Atkinson, 2013, Sen et al., 2013, Webber et al., 2013, Hilgers et al., 2012, Kim et al., 2012, Miles et al., 2012, Olesnicky et al., 2012, Takahashi et al., 2012, Ardehali et al., 2011, Friedman et al., 2011, Goto et al., 2011, Harris et al., 2011, Hilgers et al., 2011, Arancio et al., 2010, Reis et al., 2010, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Yu et al., 2010, Jiang et al., 2009, Li et al., 2009, Menon et al., 2009, Vardy et al., 2009, Weiler and Chatterjee, 2009, Branco et al., 2008, Burgio et al., 2008, Chau et al., 2008, Christensen et al., 2008.12.28, Muraro et al., 2008, Buszczak et al., 2007, Ford et al., 2007, Kadyrova et al., 2007, Lecuyer et al., 2007, Maines et al., 2007, Sofola et al., 2007, Tadros et al., 2007, Vardy and Orr-Weaver, 2007, Weiler, 2007, Wu et al., 2007, Brandt, 2006, Otsuna and Ito, 2006, Schulz et al., 2006, Xie et al., 2005, Ghosh and Feany, 2004, Mee et al., 2004, Menon et al., 2004, Sano et al., 2001, Wang et al., 1994)

Name Synonyms

PUMILIO

(Wang et al., 2018)

Pumilio

(Lai et al., 2019, Giachello and Baines, 2017, Lou et al., 2017, Sanfilippo et al., 2017, Ji and Tulin, 2016, Copf, 2015, Gehrke et al., 2015, Newton et al., 2015, Singh, 2015, Lye et al., 2014, Miles et al., 2014, Rumpf et al., 2014, Singari et al., 2014, Temme et al., 2014, Bausek, 2013, Seervai and Wessel, 2013, Kim et al., 2012, Lesch and Page, 2012, Vazquez-Pianzola and Suter, 2012, Harris and Ashe, 2011, Lawlor et al., 2011, Kim et al., 2010, Li et al., 2010, Roignant and Treisman, 2010, Gupta et al., 2009, Li et al., 2009, Nie et al., 2009, Chen et al., 2008, Kwak et al., 2008, Morris et al., 2008, De Renzis et al., 2007, Kadyrova et al., 2007, Maines et al., 2007, Maines et al., 2007, Nurminsky, 2007, Stitzel and Seydoux, 2007, Strome and Lehmann, 2007, Cho et al., 2006, Nystul and Spradling, 2006, Seydoux and Braun, 2006, Chan et al., 2005, Edwards et al., 2000)

Pumillio

(Nie et al., 2009)

bemused

(Walters et al., 1995)

milord

(Berger et al., 2008)

ovarette

(Deng and Lin, 2001, Parisi et al., 1998, Parisi et al., 1998, Lin and Spradling, 1997, Lin and Spradling, 1995, Lin and Spradling, 1992)

pumillio

(Lawlor et al., 2011)

pumuckel

(Schmucker et al., 1997, Schmucker et al., 1997, Schmucker et al., 1995)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0004871
FBgn0010759
FBgn0014132
FBgn0015529
FBgn0046414

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 121 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

41094

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

P25822

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

P25822

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

P25822

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

41094/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0003165

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0003165

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0003165

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG9755

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

41094

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

66261

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0003165

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0003165

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0003165

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0003165

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0003165

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG9755

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0003165

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC005073

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

41094

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

41094

References (490)