FB2026_02 , released June 18, 2026
FB2026_02 , released June 18, 2026
Human Disease Model Report: obesity, susceptibility to (postulated), hedgehog signaling pathway
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General Information
Name
obesity, susceptibility to (postulated), hedgehog signaling pathway
FlyBase ID
FBhh0000944
Disease Ontology Term
Parent Disease
OMIM
Overview

In a large-scale screen for obesity susceptibility genes in Drosophila, a number of candidate genes proved to be members of or regulators of the hedgehog signaling pathway. RNAi-effected knockdown of these genes specifically in fat body (but not in neurons, muscle, or oenoctyes) results in significant changes in measured triglyceride levels. Genes identified include the hedgehog ligand (hh), the binding protein ihog, the coreceptor smoothened (smo), the coactivator nejire (nej), the downstream transcription factor cubits interuptus (ci), the hedgehog target and positive regulator Sxl, and the negative regulator Su(fu).

See also the FlyBase report for the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway (FBgg0000978).

[updated Jan. 2019 by FlyBase; FBrf0222196]

Disease Summary Information
Parent Disease Summary: obesity, susceptibility to (fly models overview)
Symptoms and phenotype

Obesity is an abnormal accumulation of body fat, usually 20% or more over an individual's ideal body weight. Obesity is associated with increased risk of illness, disability, and death. (http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/obesity).

The development of obesity is recognized as having both genetic and environmental components (https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/203-obesity-genetic-or-environmental).

Specific Disease Summary: obesity, susceptibility to (postulated), hedgehog signaling pathway
OMIM report
Human gene(s) implicated
Symptoms and phenotype
Genetics
Cellular phenotype and pathology
Molecular information
External links
    Disease synonyms
    Ortholog Information
    Human gene(s) in FlyBase
      Other mammalian ortholog(s) used
        D. melanogaster Gene Information (7)
        Gene Snapshot
        hedgehog (hh) encodes the Hh signaling pathway ligand. It acts as a morphogen contributing to segment polarity determination, stem cells maintenance and cell migration. Post-translational modifications of the product of hh are essential for its restrictive spreading and signaling activity. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
        Gene Groups / Pathways
        Comments on ortholog(s)

        High-scoring ortholog of human SHH, DHH, and IHH (3 human to 1 Drosophila).

        Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC
        DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans
        Gene Snapshot
        interference hedgehog (ihog) encodes a type 1 membrane protein that acts as a co-receptor for the product of hh upstream or at the level of the receptor encoded by ptc. It interacts with the products of disp, dlp, dally and shf. It is involved in imaginal pattern formation and embryonic cuticle pattern formation. [Date last reviewed: 2018-11-15]
        Gene Groups / Pathways
        Comments on ortholog(s)

        Moderate-scoring ortholog of human BOC and CDON (2 human to 2 Drosophila); the other Drosophila gene is boi.

        Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC
        DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans
        Gene Snapshot
        smoothened (smo) encodes a critical component of the Hedgehog signaling pathway. It is regulated by phosphorylation, dimerization, and cell-surface accumulation upon Hedgehog stimulation. The product of smo is also regulated by ubiquitin and other small molecules such as phospholipids. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
        Gene Groups / Pathways
        Comments on ortholog(s)

        High-scoring ortholog of human SMO (1 human to 1 Drosophila).

        Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC
        DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans
        Gene Snapshot
        nejire (nej) encodes the transcriptional co-activator CBP. It acetylates several nuclear proteins, including the histone encoded by His3 on K18, K27, and H4 on K8. By regulating gene expression, the product of nej has roles in cell proliferation, cell signaling and differentiation, and in developmental patterning. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
        Gene Groups / Pathways
        Comments on ortholog(s)

        High-scoring ortholog of human EP300 and CREBBP (2 human to 1 Drosophila).

        Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC
        DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans
        Gene Snapshot
        cubitus interruptus (ci) encodes a Zn-finger family of transcription factor. It contributes to Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway that is involved in pattern formation and growth control. The product of ci undergoes limited proteolysis to be converted into a truncated form that function as a transcription repressor in the absence of the ligand encoded by hh but is converted into a full-length transcription activator in the presence of the product of hh. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
        Gene Groups / Pathways
        Comments on ortholog(s)

        High-scoring ortholog of human GLI3 and GLI2; moderate-scoring ortholog of GLI1 (3 human to 1 Drosophila).

        Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC
        DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans
        Gene Snapshot
        Sex lethal (Sxl) encodes an RNA-binding protein, member of the RNA recognition motif (RRM) family. It is a master-feminizing switch contributing to all aspects of sexual dimorphism. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
        Gene Groups / Pathways
        Comments on ortholog(s)

        Low-scoring ortholog of human RBMS1, RBMS2, RBMS3; the Drosophila gene shep is more closely related to all 3 human genes.

        Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC
        DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans
        Gene Snapshot
        Suppressor of fused (Su(fu)) encodes a negative regulator of the Hedgehog signaling pathway. It forms a complex with the transcription factor encoded by ci to inhibit its activity. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-26]
        Gene Groups / Pathways
        Comments on ortholog(s)

        High-scoring ortholog of human SUFU (1 human to 1 Drosophila).

        Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC
        DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans
        Other Genes Used: Viral, Bacterial, Synthetic (0)
          Summary of Physical Interactions (187 groups)
          protein-protein
          Interacting group
          Assay
          References
          molecular sieving, molecular weight, molecular weight estimation by staining, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, western blot, cosedimentation
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          pull down, anti tag western blot, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, electron microscopy, microscale thermophoresis
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          cosedimentation, western blot
          x-ray crystallography, predetermined participant, molecular sieving, cosedimentation, colocalization, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author, surface plasmon resonance, affinity technology, tag visualisation, pull down, molecular weight estimation by staining, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag western blot
          pull down, anti tag western blot, affinity technology, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, cross-linking study, tag visualisation
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          enzymatic study, autoradiography
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          cosedimentation, western blot
          RNA-RNA
          Interacting group
          Assay
          References
          fluorescence technology, luminiscence technology, necessary binding region, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
          protein-protein
          Interacting group
          Assay
          References
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy, molecular sieving, predetermined participant, cosedimentation
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry, anti tag western blot
          colocalization, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author
          colocalization, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author
          x-ray crystallography, predetermined participant, molecular sieving, cosedimentation, colocalization, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author, surface plasmon resonance, affinity technology, tag visualisation, pull down, molecular weight estimation by staining, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
          protein-protein
          Interacting group
          Assay
          References
          pull down, anti tag western blot, fluorescent resonance energy transfer, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, fluorescence microscopy, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, autoradiography, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer, fluorescence technology
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, western blot
          bioluminescence resonance energy transfer, fluorescence technology, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, colocalization, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author, tag visualisation, fluorescent resonance energy transfer, pull down, two hybrid, peptide massfingerprinting
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy, two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, colocalization, inferred by author, peptide massfingerprinting
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, fluorescent resonance energy transfer, fluorescence microscopy, pull down
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          pull down, anti tag western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          colocalization, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down, molecular weight estimation by staining, isothermal titration calorimetry, predetermined participant, x-ray crystallography, two hybrid
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, covalent binding, anti tag western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, covalent binding, anti tag western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          pull down, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation
          RNA-RNA
          Interacting group
          Assay
          References
          immunohistochemistry, luminiscence technology, necessary binding region, fluorescence technology
          immunocytochemistry, luminiscence technology, necessary binding region, fluorescence technology
          protein-protein
          Interacting group
          Assay
          References
          enzymatic study, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, pull down, autoradiography, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          pull down, autoradiography, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          pull down, anti tag western blot, western blot, molecular sieving, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, experimental knowledge based
          two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, lambda phage display, pull down, molecular weight estimation by staining
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, autoradiography
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          histone acetylase assay, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          enzymatic study, western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          pull down, autoradiography, two hybrid
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
          pull down, western blot, enzymatic study, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          ion exchange chromatography, molecular sieving, peptide massfingerprinting, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, pull down, autoradiography
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          pull down, western blot, anti tag western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, ion exchange chromatography, molecular sieving, peptide massfingerprinting
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, pull down, anti tag western blot, molecular sieving
          RNA-protein
          Interacting group
          Assay
          References
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, reverse transcription pcr
          protein-protein
          Interacting group
          Assay
          References
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, fluorescent resonance energy transfer, fluorescence microscopy
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          molecular sieving, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down, autoradiography, colocalization, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          pull down, anti tag western blot, enzymatic study, peptide massfingerprinting
          enzymatic study, peptide massfingerprinting
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, autoradiography, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down, two hybrid
          enzymatic study, autoradiography, interologs mapping, inferred by curator
          enzymatic study, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, enzymatic study, two hybrid, molecular sieving, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, protein three hybrid
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, two hybrid, pull down
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          pull down, autoradiography
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, two hybrid
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          pull down, western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, lambda phage display, pull down, molecular weight estimation by staining
          pull down, western blot
          bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, pull down
          pull down, anti tag western blot, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, two hybrid, enzymatic study, peptide massfingerprinting
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          pull down, anti tag western blot
          pull down, autoradiography, enzymatic study, peptide massfingerprinting, anti tag western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down, Identification by mass spectrometry
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          pull down, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, molecular sieving, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, autoradiography, fluorescent resonance energy transfer, fluorescence microscopy, two hybrid, isothermal titration calorimetry, predetermined participant
          pull down, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          electrophoretic mobility shift assay, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
          protein-protein
          Interacting group
          Assay
          References
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr, reverse transcription pcr, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, primer specific pcr, western blot, cross-linking study, full identification by RNA sequencing
          molecular sieving, western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, molecular sieving, western blot
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, two hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          pull down, peptide massfingerprinting, molecular weight estimation by staining, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          pull down, peptide massfingerprinting
          pull down, peptide massfingerprinting
          molecular sieving, western blot, two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, primer specific pcr
          pull down, autoradiography, two hybrid
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, reverse transcription pcr
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          pull down, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography, reverse transcription pcr
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          pull down, peptide massfingerprinting
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          pull down, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, autoradiography, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, affinity chromatography technology, Identification by mass spectrometry
          RNA-protein
          Interacting group
          Assay
          References
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr, reverse transcription pcr, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, primer specific pcr, western blot, cross-linking study, full identification by RNA sequencing
          iclip, partial RNA sequence identification
          electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography
          enzymatic study, inferred by author
          enzymatic study, inferred by author
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
          electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography
          enzymatic study, inferred by author
          enzymatic study, inferred by author
          enzymatic study, inferred by author, x-ray crystallography, nucleic acid uv cross-linking assay, autoradiography, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, static light scattering, affinity chromatography technology, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr, cross-linking study, full identification by RNA sequencing, isothermal titration calorimetry, predetermined participant, reverse transcription pcr, pull down
          nucleic acid uv cross-linking assay, autoradiography, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, clip, primer specific pcr
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
          clip, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, primer specific pcr
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, reverse transcription pcr
          enzymatic study, inferred by author
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
          enzymatic study, inferred by author
          pull down, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography, reverse transcription pcr
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
          electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography, nucleic acid uv cross-linking assay, molecular weight estimation by staining, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, reverse transcription pcr, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
          electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
          protein-protein
          Interacting group
          Assay
          References
          pull down, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, molecular sieving, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, autoradiography, fluorescent resonance energy transfer, fluorescence microscopy, two hybrid, isothermal titration calorimetry, predetermined participant
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, pull down, molecular sieving
          x-ray crystallography, isothermal titration calorimetry, predetermined participant, two hybrid, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, molecular sieving, molecular weight estimation by staining, pull down, autoradiography, protein kinase assay, anti tag western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, affinity chromatography technology
          anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
          Alleles Reported to Model Human Disease (Disease Ontology) (32 alleles)
          Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
          Allele
          Disease
          Evidence
          References
          Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 4 )
          Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
          Allele
          Disease
          Evidence
          References
          Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
          Allele
          Disease
          Interaction
          References
          Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 4 )
          Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 20 )
          Allele
          Disease
          Interaction
          References
          Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
          Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )
          Allele
          Disease
          Interaction
          References
          DOES NOT ameliorate  cancer
          Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
          Allele
          Disease
          Evidence
          References
          Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
          Allele
          Disease
          Interaction
          References
          Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
          Genetic Tools, Stocks and Reagents
          Sources of Stocks
          Contact lab of origin for a reagent not available from a public stock center.
          Bloomington Stock Center Disease Page
          Related mammalian, viral, bacterial, or synthetic transgenes
          Allele
          Transgene
          Publicly Available Stocks
          Selected Drosophila transgenes
          Allele
          Transgene
          Publicly Available Stocks
          RNAi constructs available
          Allele
          Transgene
          Publicly Available Stocks
          Selected Drosophila classical alleles
          Allele
          Allele class
          Mutagen
          Publicly Available Stocks
          ethyl methanesulfonate
          amorphic allele - molecular evidence
          FLPase
          amorphic allele - molecular evidence
          ends-out gene targeting
          loss of function allele
          gamma ray
          loss of function allele
          X ray
          loss of function allele
          Delta2-3 transposase
          loss of function allele
          CRISPR/Cas9
          loss of function allele
          CRISPR/Cas9
          loss of function allele
          CRISPR/Cas9
          loss of function allele
          CRISPR/Cas9
          loss of function allele
          CRISPR/Cas9
          loss of function allele
          CRISPR/Cas9
          P-element activity
          loss of function allele
          Delta2-3 transposase
          amorphic allele - genetic evidence
          Delta2-3 transposase
          amorphic allele - genetic evidence
          Delta2-3 transposase
          loss of function allele
          Delta2-3 transposase
          amorphic allele - genetic evidence
          gamma ray
          ethyl methanesulfonate
          amorphic allele - genetic evidence
          gamma ray
          loss of function allele
          ethyl methanesulfonate
          amorphic allele - genetic evidence
          ethyl methanesulfonate
          loss of function allele
          ethyl methanesulfonate
          P-element activity
          P-element activity
          P-element activity
          P-element activity
          P-element activity
          loss of function allele
          P-element activity
          loss of function allele
          PM hybrid dysgenesis
          loss of function allele
          PM hybrid dysgenesis
          amorphic allele - genetic evidence
          PM hybrid dysgenesis
          loss of function allele
          spontaneous
          loss of function allele
          spontaneous
          loss of function allele
          PM hybrid dysgenesis
          loss of function allele
          spontaneous
          amorphic allele - genetic evidence
          loss of function allele
          ethyl methanesulfonate
          loss of function allele
          ethyl methanesulfonate
          loss of function allele
          ethyl methanesulfonate
          loss of function allele
          PM hybrid dysgenesis
          loss of function allele
          gamma ray
          loss of function allele
          ethyl methanesulfonate
          loss of function allele
          PM hybrid dysgenesis
          loss of function allele
          gamma ray
          loss of function allele
          ethyl methanesulfonate
          loss of function allele
          PM hybrid dysgenesis
          amorphic allele - genetic evidence
          gamma ray
          loss of function allele
          spontaneous
          References (6)