Human Disease Model Report: cancer, multiple, RAS with actin regulators

General Information

Name

cancer, multiple, RAS with actin regulators

FlyBase ID

FBhh0001149

Disease Ontology Term

cancer

Parent Disease

OMIM

Overview

In Drosophila, clones or restricted sets of cells expressing the Ras85D^V12 activated RAS mutation result in overproliferation, but typically do not produce neoplastic or metastatic phenotypes (see FBhh0000474). Multiple genes involved in regulation of actin dynamics were tested in combination with Ras85D^V12, screening for exacerbation of the overproliferation phenotype.

The effects of combining overexpression of pico (ortholog of human RAPH1, aka Lamellipodin or LPD) with activated Ras85D (and with expression of a GFP label) were assessed in larval imaginal discs and optic lobes of the larval brain. Significant tissue overgrowth was observed and shown to be made up of GFP-positive cells; redistribution of cells to more distant sites was also observed, including from the brain to the ventral nerve cord. Invasive behavior was shown to be dependent upon JNK signaling. In the brain, it was shown that these effects are glial-specific and require glial co-expression of Ras85D^V12 and pico.

Overexpression of the Drosophila gene that encodes profilin (chic), when assessed in these assays, results in similar phenotypes. For chic, also, the tumorigenic phenotypes require glial expression of both Ras85D^V12 and chic. A loss-of-function allele of chic, when expressed in cells in addition to co-expression of Ras85D^V12 and pico, reduces the level of invasive phenotypes.

[updated Nov. 2019 by FlyBase; FBrf0222196]

Disease Summary Information

Disease Summary: cancer, multiple, RAS with actin regulators

OMIM report

Human gene(s) implicated

Symptoms and phenotype

Genetics

Cellular phenotype and pathology

Molecular information

RAPH1 encodes a protein that belongs to the Mig10/Rap1-interacting adaptor molecule/Lamellipodin (MRL) family of adapter proteins, which function in cell migration. Members of this family contain pleckstrin-homology domains, Ras-association domains, and proline-rich C-termini. The protein encoded by this gene regulates actin dynamics through interaction with Ena/Vasodilator proteins as well as direct binding to filamentous actin to regulate actin network assembly. [Gene Cards, RAPH1; 2019.11.12]

(FlyBase Curators, 2013-)

Profilins are small actin-binding proteins found in eukaryotes and certain viruses that are involved in cell development, cytokinesis, membrane trafficking, and cell motility. Profilin is involved in actin polymerization dynamics and also interacts with polyphosphoinositides (PPI) and proline-rich domains containing proteins. Through its interaction with PPIs, profilin has been linked to signaling pathways between the cell membrane and the cytoskeleton, while its role in membrane trafficking has been associated with its interaction with proline-rich domain-containing proteins (Krishnan and Moens, 2009; pubmed:28509986).

(FlyBase Curators, 2013-)

External links

Disease synonyms

cancer, malignant glioma, RAS with actin regulators

Related Diseases

Related human health report(s)

cancer, multiple, actin-remodeling regulators

cancer, multiple, RAS-related

Ortholog Information

Human gene(s) in FlyBase

Other mammalian ortholog(s) used

D. melanogaster Gene Information (3)

Dmel\Ras85D

Gene Snapshot

Ras oncogene at 85D (Ras85D) encodes a protein that acts downstream of several cell signals, most notably from Receptor Tyrosine Kinases, to regulate tissue growth and development. When abnormally activated it can direct developmental defects and tissue hyperplasia, mimicking aspects of human disease including Rasopathies and cancer, respectively. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]

Molecular function (GO)

Cellular component (GO)

Gene Groups / Pathways

Comments on ortholog(s)

High-scoring ortholog of human genes KRAS, HRAS, and NRAS (many to many; multiple paralogs and orthologs in both species). Dmel\Ras85D shares 78-86% identity and 86-92% similarity with KRAS, HRAS, and NRAS; for these three human genes, Ras85D is the highest-scoring ortholog in Drosophila.

Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC

DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans

H. sapiens (Human)

Dmel\pico

Gene Snapshot

pico (pico) encodes an intracellular adapter protein belonging to the MRL family of proteins, which transduce signals from growth factor receptors to changes in the actin cytoskeleton. Its roles include the regulation of growth and cell migration. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]

Molecular function (GO)

Cellular component (GO)

filopodium tip

Gene Groups / Pathways

Comments on ortholog(s)

High-scoring ortholog of human RAPH1 (1 Drosophila to many human). Dmel\pico shares 26% identity and 39% similarity with human RAPH1.

Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC

DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans

H. sapiens (Human)

Dmel\chic

Gene Snapshot

chickadee (chic) encodes an actin monomer binding protein that provides the major cellular pool of readily polymerizing ATP-actin monomers. It is involved in oogenesis, spermatogenesis, cell division, bristle formation, cellular morphogenesis, axon growth, filopodia formation, dorsal closure, wound healing and stem cell maintenance. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]

Molecular function (GO)

Cellular component (GO)

Gene Groups / Pathways

Comments on ortholog(s)

High-scoring ortholog of human PFN4 (1 Drosophila to 4 human). Dmel\chic shares 28% identity and 42% similarity with human PFN4.

Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC

DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans

H. sapiens (Human)

Other Genes Used: Viral, Bacterial, Synthetic (0)

Summary of Physical Interactions (87 groups)

Ras85D

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

Ras85D - alt

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - Arc1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - ave

pull down, anti tag western blot

(Maisonneuve et al., 2024)

Ras85D - CG31550

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - cindr

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - cno

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, autoradiography, two hybrid

(Boettner and Van Aelst, 2007, Carmena et al., 2006)

Ras85D - Droj2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - eIF3i

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - glo

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - Gyc76C

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Iwashita et al., 2020)

Ras85D - lark

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - mod(mdg4)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - Nf1

gtpase assay, autoradiography

(Walker et al., 2006)

Ras85D - Nop60B

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - Pi3K92E

pull down, western blot, two hybrid

(Orme et al., 2006)

Ras85D - pico

two hybrid

(Lyulcheva et al., 2008)

Ras85D - Pyk

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - Raf

two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down

(Yang and Terman, 2012, Ding et al., 2010, Mishra et al., 2005)

Ras85D - rau

pull down, anti tag western blot

(Sieglitz et al., 2013)

Ras85D - Rgl

two hybrid

(Mirey et al., 2003)

Ras85D - RpL6

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - RpL15

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - RpL21

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - RpL23A

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - RpL24

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - RpS2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - RpS27

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

Ras85D - spri

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Jekely et al., 2005)

Ras85D - Sumo

pull down, covalent binding, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Nie et al., 2009)

pico

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

pico - drk

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

pico - ena

two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Lyulcheva et al., 2008)

pico - flw

two hybrid

(Bennett et al., 2006)

pico - Pp1-13C

two hybrid

(Bennett et al., 2006)

pico - Pp1-87B

two hybrid

(Bennett et al., 2006)

pico - Pp1α-96A

two hybrid

(Bennett et al., 2006)

pico - Rap1

two hybrid

(Lyulcheva et al., 2008)

pico - Ras85D

two hybrid

(Lyulcheva et al., 2008)

pico - Trim9

two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Morikawa et al., 2011)

chic

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

chic - Acaa

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - AnxB10

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Ar1

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Ar2

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Atg9

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, two hybrid, pull down, anti tag western blot

(Kiss et al., 2020)

chic - awd

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Bacc

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Calr

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - capt

experimental knowledge based, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Guruharsha et al., 2011, Wills et al., 2002)

chic - capu

two hybrid

(Manseau et al., 1996)

chic - CG11267

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - CG14715

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Chd64

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - cib

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - cPges

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - DAAM

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Matusek et al., 2008)

chic - Df31

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - dia

pull down, anti tag western blot

(Webb et al., 2009)

chic - Dora

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Molina-Pelayo et al., 2022)

chic - eEF5

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - ena

two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down, western blot

(Kiss et al., 2020, Matusek et al., 2008, Ahern-Djamali et al., 1999)

chic - Eno

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - fabp

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Fkbp14

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Gtpx

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - HINT1

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - HmgD

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Inos

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Jupiter

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Mocs2B

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Suganuma et al., 2010)

chic - Moe

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Nacα

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Nlp

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Pdi

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Pgk

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - PHDP

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, experimental knowledge based

(Rhee et al., 2014)

chic - Prx6c

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - rictor

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

chic - scf

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - scu

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Sh3β

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Stip1

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Sumo

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Tctp

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

chic - Uch

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

RNA-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

chic - Caper

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, full identification by RNA sequencing, quantitative reverse transcription pcr, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation

(Titus et al., 2023)

chic - Fmr1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr, proximity labelling technology, nucleotide sequence identification, reverse transcription pcr

(Li and Gavis, 2022, Worpenberg et al., 2021, Wang et al., 2017, Reeve et al., 2005)

chic - Imp

pull down, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Genovese et al., 2019, Medioni et al., 2014)

chic - Syp

pull down, western blot

(Genovese et al., 2019)

chic - Ythdf

proximity labelling technology, nucleotide sequence identification, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr

(Worpenberg et al., 2021)

Alleles Reported to Model Human Disease (Disease Ontology) (31 alleles)

Ras85D

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 17 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Ras85D^HMS01294

model of Noonan syndrome 3

CEA

(Cattaneo et al., 2020)

Ras85D^G12V.UAS

model of cancer

CEA with RhoGEF2^RE.UAS

(Khoo et al., 2013)

CEA with Rok^CAT.UAS

(Khoo et al., 2013)

CEA with sqh^{E20E21.UAS.cCa}

(Khoo et al., 2013)

Ras85D^G13Q.UAS

model of cancer

CEA

(Xu et al., 2023)

CEA with Pten^HMS00044, Rbf^HMS03004

(Parkhitko et al., 2021)

Ras85D^N17.UAS

model of Noonan syndrome 3

CEA

(Cattaneo et al., 2020)

Ras85D^Q13.UAS

model of cancer

CEA

(Tamamouna et al., 2021)

Ras85D^V12.GMR

model of cancer

CEA

(Okada et al., 2023)

Ras85D^V12.S35.UAS

model of cardiomyopathy

CEA

(Yu et al., 2013)

model of carcinoma

CEC

(Karim and Rubin, 1998)

Ras85D^V12.UAS

model of carcinoma

CEA

(Martínez-Abarca Millán and Martín-Bermudo, 2023, Ito and Igaki, 2021, Kong et al., 2021, Rackley et al., 2021, Soler Beatty et al., 2021, Wei et al., 2021, Wu et al., 2021, Murcia et al., 2019, Zoranovic et al., 2018, Pérez et al., 2015, Igaki et al., 2006)

CEA with dlg1^GD4689

(Santabárbara-Ruiz and Léopold, 2021)

CEA with scrib⁶⁷³

(Amcheslavsky et al., 2018, Pérez et al., 2015)

CEC

(Rosen et al., 2019, Karim and Rubin, 1998)

CEC with scrib¹

(Rosen et al., 2019)

CEA with l(2)gl⁴

(Ding et al., 2022, Singh et al., 2022, Ito and Igaki, 2021, Wu et al., 2021, Mishra-Gorur et al., 2019, Zhang et al., 2019, Srivastava et al., 2007, Igaki et al., 2006)

CEA with Lkb1^4A4-2

(Rackley et al., 2021)

CEA with scrib¹

(Kong et al., 2021, Mishra-Gorur et al., 2019, Srivastava et al., 2007, Igaki et al., 2006, Uhlirova and Bohmann, 2006)

CEA with dlg1¹⁴

(Ito and Igaki, 2021, Igaki et al., 2006)

CEA with shg^k03401

(Igaki et al., 2006)

CEA with msn³²⁰⁸

(Kong et al., 2021)

CEA with sna^UAS.cAa

(Wu et al., 2021)

CEA with scrib^KK101128

(Murcia et al., 2019)

CEA with scrib^HMJ21977

(Snigdha et al., 2021)

CEA with Csk^Q156Stop

(Hirabayashi and Cagan, 2015)

CEA with Csk^Q156Stop, InR^A1325D.UAS

(Hirabayashi and Cagan, 2015)

model of cancer

CEA with fmt¹

(Ma et al., 2017)

CEA with PpV^Δ1

(Ma et al., 2017)

CEA with l(2)gl⁴

(Guo et al., 2020, Ma et al., 2017, Ma et al., 2013, Pagliarini and Xu, 2003)

CEA with PpV^GD7532

(Ma et al., 2017)

CEA

(Khalili et al., 2023, Martínez-Abarca Millán et al., 2023, Enomoto et al., 2021, Santabárbara-Ruiz and Léopold, 2021, Tamamouna et al., 2021, Ma et al., 2020, Jung et al., 2019, Rives-Quinto et al., 2017, Chabu and Xu, 2014, Hirabayashi et al., 2013, Ma et al., 2013)

CEA with scrib⁶⁷³

(Katheder et al., 2017, Pérez et al., 2017)

CEA with scrib¹

(Kakemura and Igaki, 2024, Cong et al., 2021, Hodgson et al., 2021, Katheder et al., 2017, Figueroa-Clarevega and Bilder, 2015, Külshammer et al., 2015, Stickel and Su, 2014, Willoughby et al., 2013, Wu et al., 2010, Pagliarini and Xu, 2003)

CEA with dlg1^GD4689

(Katheder et al., 2017, Muzzopappa et al., 2017, Figueroa-Clarevega and Bilder, 2015, Willecke et al., 2011)

CEA with scrib^j7B3

(Waghmare et al., 2024, Pagliarini and Xu, 2003)

CEA with Src64B^UAS.cCa

(Enomoto et al., 2021)

CEA with dlg1¹⁴

(Kakemura and Igaki, 2024, Pagliarini and Xu, 2003)

CEA with baz⁴

(Pagliarini and Xu, 2003)

CEA with sdt^XN

(Pagliarini and Xu, 2003)

CEA with Cdc42¹

(Pagliarini and Xu, 2003)

CEA with dor^C107

(Chi et al., 2010)

CEA with dor⁸

(Chi et al., 2010)

CEA with dor^D185

(Chi et al., 2010)

CEA with car^RNAi.UAS

(Chi et al., 2010)

CEA with Vps16A^RNAi.UAS.WIZ

(Chi et al., 2010)

CEA with upd1^UAS.cUa

(Wu et al., 2010)

CEA with upd2^UAS.cUa

(Wu et al., 2010)

CEA with upd1^UAS.cUa, upd2^UAS.cUa, upd3^UAS.cUa

(Wu et al., 2010)

CEA with l(2)gl^unspecified

(Xu et al., 2023, Wu et al., 2010)

CEA with pnut^GD1512

(Gerlach et al., 2018)

CEC with l(2)gl⁴

(Ma et al., 2014)

CEA with Hsap\S100A4^wt.UAS

(Ismail et al., 2017)

CEA with scrib^RNAi.UAS.cUa

(Hodgson et al., 2021)

CEA with Csk^Q156Stop

(Hirabayashi et al., 2013)

CEA with scrib^KK101128

(Muzzopappa et al., 2017)

CEA with mud^JF02911

(Muzzopappa et al., 2017)

CEA with mud^HMS01458

(Muzzopappa et al., 2017)

CEA with N^RNAi.P.UAS

(Tamamouna et al., 2021)

CEA with N^DN.UAS.cUa

(Xu et al., 2023)

CEA with emei^GD3587

(Ma et al., 2020)

CEA with Rox8^GD11645

(Guo et al., 2020)

CEA with BacA\p35^UAS.cHa

(Khalili et al., 2023)

CEA with dlg1^RNAi.UAS.cUa

(Bakopoulos et al., 2023)

model of intestinal cancer

CEA

(Cabrera et al., 2023, Nászai et al., 2021)

CEA with Apc2^N175K, Apc^Q8

(Martorell et al., 2014, Martorell et al., 2014)

model of colorectal cancer

CEA

(Bangi et al., 2012)

model of leukemia

CEA

(Arefin et al., 2017)

CEA with l(2)gl^KK100777

(Arefin et al., 2017)

CEA with scrib^KK101128

(Arefin et al., 2017)

model of benign neoplasm

CEA with Alg9^c02021

(de Vreede et al., 2018)

DOES NOT model cancer

CEA with Hsap\S100A4^Δ2.UAS

(Ismail et al., 2017)

model of heart disease

CEA

(Karekar et al., 2021)

model of prostate cancer

CEA

(Rambur et al., 2020)

model of high grade glioma

CEA

(Kumar et al., 2024)

CEA with Pten^RNAi.UAS.cUa

(Cheng et al., 2016)

model of kidney cancer

CEA

(Zeng et al., 2010)

model of ovarian carcinoma

CEA with aPKC^ΔN.UAS

(Hsi et al., 2023)

model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

CEA

(Petersen et al., 2022)

Ras85D^V12.ey

model of carcinoma

CEC

(Karim and Rubin, 1998)

Ras85D^V12.cUa.UAS

model of cervical cancer

CEA

(Padash Barmchi et al., 2016)

CEA with Hsap\UBE3A^UAS.cRa, HPV18\E6^UAS.Tag:MYC

(Padash Barmchi et al., 2016)

CEA with Hsap\UBE3A^UAS.cRa, HPV18\E6^{V158A.UAS.Tag:MYC}

(Padash Barmchi et al., 2016)

model of cancer

CEA with l(2)gl⁴

(Fangninou et al., 2023, Liu et al., 2022, Yang et al., 2022)

CEA with Ptp61F^Δ

(Liu et al., 2022)

CEA with Syx7³¹¹⁹

(Liu et al., 2022)

CEA with Rabex-5³⁶⁷²

(Liu et al., 2022)

CEA with Vps36²⁵⁸⁶

(Liu et al., 2022)

CEA with TSG101^P26

(Liu et al., 2022)

CEA with N^DN.UAS.cUa

(Lee et al., 2021)

CEA with dlg1^RNAi.UAS.cUa

(Lodge et al., 2021)

CEA

(Yang et al., 2022, Dong et al., 2021, Yeom et al., 2021, Dunn et al., 2018, Vicente et al., 2018)

CEA with scrib¹

(Yang et al., 2022, Khezri et al., 2021)

CEA with baz⁴

(Yang et al., 2022)

CEA with fmt¹

(Yang et al., 2022)

CEA with dlg1^GD4689

(Yang et al., 2022)

CEA with Ptip³⁸⁰⁴

(Dong et al., 2021)

model of colorectal cancer

CEA

(Zipper et al., 2022)

CEA with Pten^sgRNA.UAS

(Zipper et al., 2022)

CEA with Med^sgRNA.UAS

(Zipper et al., 2022)

CEA with cic^sgRNA.UAS

(Zipper et al., 2022)

CEA with Apc2^sgRNA.UAS

(Zipper et al., 2022)

CEA with Apc^sgRNA.UAS

(Zipper et al., 2022)

CEA with p53^sgRNA.UAS

(Zipper et al., 2022)

CEA with p53^RNAi.UAS.cUa, Pten^GD13500, Apc^RNAi.UAS.cUa, Med^RNAi.UAS.cUa

(Bangi et al., 2016)

CEA with p53^RNAi.UAS.cUa, Pten^GD13500, Apc^RNAi.UAS.cUa

(Bangi et al., 2016)

CEA with p53^RNAi.UAS.cUa, Apc^RNAi.UAS.cUa, Med^RNAi.UAS.cUa

(Bangi et al., 2016)

CEA with Pten^GD13500, Apc^RNAi.UAS.cUa, Med^RNAi.UAS.cUa

(Bangi et al., 2016)

model of cardiomyopathy

CEA

(Yu et al., 2013)

model of adenocarcinoma

CEA with l(2)gl^GD4047

(Casas-Tintó et al., 2016)

CEA with l(2)gl^GD4047, wupA^JF02172

(Casas-Tintó et al., 2016)

model of carcinoma

CEA

(Guo et al., 2024, Hogan et al., 2009)

CEA with l(2)gl⁴

(Sun et al., 2019)

CEA with dlg1^HMS00172

(Toggweiler et al., 2016)

model of intestinal cancer

CEA with Apc^Q8

(Campbell et al., 2019)

CEA

(Kim et al., 2022, Dai et al., 2020, Singh et al., 2016)

CEA with Apc2^N175K, Apc^Q8

(Parisi et al., 2023)

CEA with Apc^GD1333, p53^GD4483

(Quintero and Bangi, 2023)

CEA with Apc^GD1333, Pten^RNAi.UAS.cUa, p53^GD4483

(Quintero and Bangi, 2023)

CEA with Apc^GD1333, Med^GD1483, p53^GD4483

(Quintero and Bangi, 2023)

model of high grade glioma

CEA with Pten^{RNAi.Exel.UAS}

(Gangwani et al., 2020)

CEA

(Liu et al., 2021)

model of brain cancer

CEA with dlg1^GD4689

(Manzanero-Ortiz et al., 2021)

CEA with l(2)gl^KK100777

(Manzanero-Ortiz et al., 2021)

CEA with wts^KK101055

(Manzanero-Ortiz et al., 2021)

CEA with scrib⁶⁷³

(Manzanero-Ortiz et al., 2021)

Ras85D^V152G.UASp

model of Noonan syndrome 3

CEA

(Cattaneo et al., 2020)

Ras85D^{G12V.UAS.Tag:FLAG,Tag:polyHis}

model of cancer

CEA

(Washington et al., 2020)

Ras85D^{Y4F.G12V.UAS.Tag:FLAG,Tag:polyHis}

model of cancer

CEA

(Washington et al., 2020)

Ras85D^V12.QUAS.cHa

model of cancer

CEA with scrib¹

(Hodgson et al., 2021)

Ras85D^V12.QUAS.cLa

model of cancer

CEA with scrib^{QUAS.HMS01490}

(Bakopoulos et al., 2023, Lodge et al., 2021)

Ras85D^G12D.UAS.cSa

model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

CEA with CycE^{UAS.Tag:HA.Medsh}, Med^{RNAi.UAS.CycE-HA}, p53^{RNAi.UAS.RasG12D}

(Sekiya et al., 2023)

Ras85D^{G12D.UAS.p53sh}

model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

CEA with CycE^{UAS.Tag:HA.Medsh}, Med^{RNAi.UAS.CycE-HA}, p53^{RNAi.UAS.RasG12D}

(Sekiya et al., 2023)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 19 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Ras85D^HMS01294

ameliorates hematologic cancer

modeled by mxc¹

(Kurihara et al., 2020)

Ras85D^ΔC40B

ameliorates multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B

modeled by Ret^MEN2B.GMR

(Read et al., 2005)

Ras85D⁰⁶⁶⁷⁷

ameliorates autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia

modeled by Hsap\ATXN1^82Q.UAS

(Park et al., 2013)

ameliorates multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B

modeled by Ret^MEN2B.GMR

(Read et al., 2005)

ameliorates multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A

modeled by Ret^MEN2A.GMR

(Read et al., 2005)

ameliorates alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma

modeled by Hsap\FOXO1::Hsap\PAX7^UAS.cGa

(Galindo et al., 2006)

Ras85D^G13Q.UAS

model of cancer

is exacerbated by ITP^UAS.F

(Xu et al., 2023)

Ras85D^N17.UAS

ameliorates brain glioma

modeled by btl::Egfr^λ.UAS, Pi3K92E^{UAS.Tag:MYC,Tag:PM(hKRAS)}

(Read et al., 2009)

Ras85D^Q13.UAS

model of cancer

is ameliorated by Cat^UAS.cAa

(Tamamouna et al., 2021)

is ameliorated by Sod1^UAS.cAa

(Tamamouna et al., 2021)

is ameliorated by btl^DN.UAS

(Tamamouna et al., 2021)

Ras85D^V12.GMR

model of cancer

is ameliorated by InR^GL00139

(Okada et al., 2023)

is ameliorated by InR^JF01183

(Okada et al., 2023)

is ameliorated by InR^JF01482

(Okada et al., 2023)

is ameliorated by InR^K1409A.UAS

(Okada et al., 2023)

is ameliorated by NetB^Δ

(Okada et al., 2023)

is ameliorated by NetB^KK103672

(Okada et al., 2023)

is ameliorated by NetB^VSH330183

(Okada et al., 2023)

is ameliorated by unc-5^HMS01099

(Okada et al., 2023)

is ameliorated by unc-5^KK102074

(Okada et al., 2023)

is ameliorated by unc-5^MI04273

(Okada et al., 2023)

Ras85D^V12.UAS

model of carcinoma

is exacerbated by mys^RNAi.UAS.cUa

(Martínez-Abarca Millán and Martín-Bermudo, 2023)

is exacerbated by mys^RNAi.UAS.cUa

(Martínez-Abarca Millán and Martín-Bermudo, 2023)

is ameliorated by Atg1^GD7149

(Pérez et al., 2015)

is ameliorated by HAdV-C\E4orf4^UAS.cPa

(Rosen et al., 2019)

is ameliorated by HAdV-C\E4orf4^UAS.cPb

(Rosen et al., 2019)

is exacerbated by dap^HMS01610

(Ito and Igaki, 2021)

is exacerbated by dap^HMS05362

(Ito and Igaki, 2021)

is ameliorated by pnt^P1.UAS

(Ito and Igaki, 2021)

is exacerbated by hep^Act.UAS

(Uhlirova and Bohmann, 2006)

is exacerbated by egr^UAS.cIa

(Igaki et al., 2006)

is exacerbated by ZnT86D^KK101698

(Wei et al., 2021)

is exacerbated by msn³²⁰⁸

(Kong et al., 2021)

is exacerbated by msn¹⁷²

(Kong et al., 2021)

is exacerbated by sna^UAS.cAa

(Wu et al., 2021)

is exacerbated by l(2)gl⁴

(Wu et al., 2021)

is ameliorated by rl^GD4697

(Murcia et al., 2019)

is ameliorated by Raf^DN.UAS

(Zoranovic et al., 2018)

is exacerbated by Tsp29Fb^GD1018

(Zoranovic et al., 2018)

is ameliorated by Tsp29Fb^UAS.Tag:HA

(Zoranovic et al., 2018)

is ameliorated by Hsap\CDKN1A^UAS.cHa

(Karim and Rubin, 1998)

is ameliorated by Raf^XS-2541

(Karim and Rubin, 1998)

is exacerbated by rl^Sem

(Karim and Rubin, 1998)

is exacerbated by Egfrap^ΔSH2

(Soler Beatty et al., 2021)

is exacerbated by Egfrap^HMJ23378

(Soler Beatty et al., 2021)

is exacerbated by Egfrap^LS

(Soler Beatty et al., 2021)

is exacerbated by Egfrap^L

(Soler Beatty et al., 2021)

is exacerbated by PVRAP^HMJ23233

(Soler Beatty et al., 2021)

model of cancer

is ameliorated by Sec6^GD11616

(Chabu and Xu, 2014)

is ameliorated by Sec15^KK101708

(Chabu and Xu, 2014)

is ameliorated by Sec8^KK101531

(Chabu and Xu, 2014)

is ameliorated by Sec15¹

(Chabu and Xu, 2014)

is ameliorated by Sec15^GD12109

(Chabu and Xu, 2014)

is ameliorated by Src64B^GD12263

(Ma et al., 2013)

is ameliorated by Dronc^NIG.8091R

(Waghmare et al., 2024)

is ameliorated by bsk^DN.UAS

(Waghmare et al., 2024)

is ameliorated by sgg^S9A.UAS

(Waghmare et al., 2024)

is ameliorated by yki^RNAi.C.UAS

(Waghmare et al., 2024)

is ameliorated by yki^RNAi.N.UAS

(Waghmare et al., 2024)

is ameliorated by chinmo¹

(Enomoto et al., 2021)

is exacerbated by PVRAP¹

(Martínez-Abarca Millán et al., 2023)

is exacerbated by PVRAP^HMJ23233

(Martínez-Abarca Millán et al., 2023)

is exacerbated by by^33c

(Martínez-Abarca Millán et al., 2023)

is exacerbated by by^VSH330366

(Martínez-Abarca Millán et al., 2023)

is exacerbated by Csk^Q156Stop

(Hirabayashi et al., 2013)

is exacerbated by emei¹

(Ma et al., 2020)

is exacerbated by emei²

(Ma et al., 2020)

is exacerbated by emei³

(Ma et al., 2020)

is ameliorated by Arc1^esm18

(Khalili et al., 2023)

is exacerbated by Nek2^UAS.GFP

(Das et al., 2013)

model of intestinal cancer

is ameliorated by Cortactin^HMS00658

(Cabrera et al., 2023)

is ameliorated by Cortactin^KK108594

(Cabrera et al., 2023)

is ameliorated by shg^HMS00693

(Cabrera et al., 2023)

is ameliorated by shg^JF02769

(Cabrera et al., 2023)

exacerbates alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma

modeled by Hsap\FOXO1::Hsap\PAX7^UAS.cGa

(Galindo et al., 2006)

exacerbates gastrointestinal system cancer

modeled by Apc2^g10, Apc^Q8

(Wang et al., 2013)

model of colorectal cancer

is ameliorated by Timp^UAS.cPa

(Bangi et al., 2012)

is ameliorated by bsk^DN.UAS

(Bangi et al., 2012)

is ameliorated by bsk^HMS00777

(Bangi et al., 2012)

is ameliorated by Jra^NIG.2275R

(Bangi et al., 2012)

is exacerbated by hep^Act.UAS

(Bangi et al., 2012)

is exacerbated by imd^UAS.cGa

(Bangi et al., 2012)

ameliorates cancer

modeled by dlg1^A40.2

(Parisi et al., 2014)

exacerbates carcinoma

modeled by scrib¹

(Brumby and Richardson, 2003)

modeled by arm^UAS.Exel

(Zhang et al., 2019)

model of prostate cancer

is ameliorated by Egfr^GD1654

(Rambur et al., 2020)

is ameliorated by Pi3K92E^HMC05152

(Rambur et al., 2020)

is ameliorated by mTor^GL00156

(Rambur et al., 2020)

is ameliorated by rl^HMS00173

(Rambur et al., 2020)

is ameliorated by spi^HMS01120

(Rambur et al., 2020)

exacerbates intestinal cancer

modeled by Rab11^KK108297

(Nie et al., 2019)

exacerbates cancer

modeled by Hipk^UAS.Tag:HA

(Blaquiere et al., 2018)

model of kidney cancer

is ameliorated by Pka-C1^B3

(Zeng et al., 2010)

is ameliorated by mTor^ΔP

(Zeng et al., 2010)

exacerbates Alzheimer's disease 1

modeled by Hsap\APP^{Aβ42.UAS.cUa}

(Cheng et al., 2021)

exacerbates hematologic cancer

modeled by mxc¹

(Kurihara et al., 2020)

Ras85D^V12.ey

model of carcinoma

is ameliorated by Raf^XS-2541

(Karim and Rubin, 1998)

Ras85D^e1B

ameliorates alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma

modeled by Hsap\FOXO1::Hsap\PAX7^UAS.cGa

(Galindo et al., 2006)

exacerbates viral infectious disease

modeled by EBV\BZLF1^GMR.PA

(Adamson and Lajeunesse, 2012)

exacerbates infectious mononucleosis

modeled by EBV\BZLF1^GMR.PA

(Adamson and Lajeunesse, 2012)

exacerbates Epstein-Barr virus hepatitis

modeled by EBV\BZLF1^GMR.PA

(Adamson and Lajeunesse, 2012)

ameliorates gastrointestinal system cancer

modeled by Apc2^g10, Apc^Q8

(Wang et al., 2013)

exacerbates tuberous sclerosis

modeled by Tsc1^UAS.cTa, gig^UAS.cTa

(Tapon et al., 2001)

ameliorates cancer

modeled by Alk^UAS.cLa

(Wolfstetter et al., 2020)

Ras85D^e2F

ameliorates alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma

modeled by Hsap\FOXO1::Hsap\PAX7^UAS.cGa

(Galindo et al., 2006)

Ras85D^unspecified

ameliorates neurofibromatosis

modeled by Nf1^E2

(Walker et al., 2006)

Ras85D^V12.cUa.UAS

model of cancer

is exacerbated by ex^e1

(Liu et al., 2022)

is exacerbated by Ptp61F^Δ

(Liu et al., 2022)

is exacerbated by Not3^KK102144

(Vicente et al., 2018)

is exacerbated by M6^W186stop

(Dunn et al., 2018)

is exacerbated by p53^UAS.cUa

(Dong et al., 2021)

is ameliorated by Ptip³⁸⁰⁴

(Dong et al., 2021)

is ameliorated by Ilp8^MI00727

(Yeom et al., 2021)

model of intestinal cancer

is ameliorated by Cortactin^HMS00658

(Kim et al., 2022)

is exacerbated by Clbn^1Q

(Dai et al., 2020)

model of high grade glioma

is ameliorated by Dcp-1^RNAi.UAS.cUa

(Liu et al., 2021)

is exacerbated by Nmnat^UAS.PC

(Liu et al., 2021)

is ameliorated by Nmnat^RNAi.UAS.cUa

(Liu et al., 2021)

exacerbates carcinoma

modeled by Nkap^GD11807

(Guo et al., 2024)

model of carcinoma

is exacerbated by Nkap^GD11807

(Guo et al., 2024)

Ras85D^GD12553

ameliorates colorectal cancer

modeled by Src42A^CA.UAS

(Cordero et al., 2014)

modeled by Src64B^UAS.cCa

(Cordero et al., 2014)

ameliorates neurofibromatosis

modeled by Nf1^JF01866

(Georganta et al., 2021)

Ras85D^KK108029

ameliorates colorectal cancer

modeled by Src42A^CA.UAS

(Cordero et al., 2014)

modeled by Src64B^UAS.cCa

(Cordero et al., 2014)

ameliorates intestinal cancer

modeled by Egfr^UAS.cBa

(Nászai et al., 2021)

Ras85D^JF02478

ameliorates colorectal cancer

modeled by SH3PX1^HMJ21552

(Zhang et al., 2019)

Ras85D^{G12V.UAS.Tag:FLAG,Tag:polyHis}

model of cancer

is exacerbated by hop^JF01267

(Washington et al., 2020)

is exacerbated by Egfr^2.UAS

(Washington et al., 2020)

is ameliorated by Rabex-5^{DPYT.UAS.Tag:MYC}

(Washington et al., 2020)

Ras85D^{Y4F.G12V.UAS.Tag:FLAG,Tag:polyHis}

model of cancer

is exacerbated by Egfr^2.UAS

(Washington et al., 2020)

is ameliorated by Rabex-5^{DPYT.UAS.Tag:MYC}

(Washington et al., 2020)

Ras85D^DN.UAS.cUa

ameliorates Alzheimer's disease 1

modeled by Hsap\APP^{Aβ42.UAS.cUa}

(Cheng et al., 2021)

pico

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

pico^NIG.11940R

exacerbates C9orf72 frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

modeled by Zzzz\poly-PR^PO-36.UAS

(Park et al., 2021)

chic

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

chic^UAS.cJa

model of cardiomyopathy

CEA

(Kooij et al., 2016)

model of myopathy

CEA

(Kooij et al., 2016)

chic^NIG.9553R

DOES NOT model amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

CEA

(Matsukawa et al., 2016)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

chic²²¹

ameliorates hereditary systemic amyloidosis 1

modeled by Hsap\TTR^{V30M.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Oliveira da Silva et al., 2020)

chic^unspecified

exacerbates viral infectious disease

modeled by EBV\BRLF1^GMR.PA

(Adamson and Lajeunesse, 2012)

exacerbates infectious mononucleosis

modeled by EBV\BRLF1^GMR.PA

(Adamson and Lajeunesse, 2012)

exacerbates Epstein-Barr virus hepatitis

modeled by EBV\BRLF1^GMR.PA

(Adamson and Lajeunesse, 2012)

chic^NIG.9553R

DOES NOT exacerbate amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 10

modeled by Hsap\TARDBP^UAS.cIa

(Matsukawa et al., 2016)

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Genetic Tools, Stocks and Reagents

Sources of Stocks

Contact lab of origin for a reagent not available from a public stock center.

Bloomington Stock Center Disease Page

Related mammalian, viral, bacterial, or synthetic transgenes

Allele

Transgene

Publicly Available Stocks

Selected Drosophila transgenes

Allele

Transgene

Publicly Available Stocks

Ras85D^{G12V.UAS.Tag:FLAG,Tag:polyHis}

P{UAS-FH-Ras85D.G12V}

Ras85D^{Y4F.G12V.UAS.Tag:FLAG,Tag:polyHis}

P{UAS-FH-Ras85D.Y4F.G12V}

Ras85D^V12.QUAS.cHa

P{QUAS-Ras85D.V12.H}

Ras85D^V12.QUAS.cLa

PBac{QUAS-Ras85D.V12.L}

Ras85D^{G12D.UAS.p53sh}

P{UAS-Ras85D(G12D).UAS-p53(shRNA)}

Ras85D^V12.UAS

P{UAS-Ras85D.V12}

w¹¹¹⁸; P{UAS-Ras85D.V12}TL1

Ras85D^N17.UAS

P{UAS-Ras85D.N17}

P{UAS-Ras85D.N17}TL1, w¹¹¹⁸

P{UAS-Ras85D.V12.S35}

RNAi constructs available

Allele

Transgene

Publicly Available Stocks

chic^VSH330466

P{VSH330466}

P{VSH330466}attP40

chic^{RNAi.13xlexAop.cZa}

P{13xlexAop-chic.RNAi.Z}

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS00550}attP2

chic^NIG.9553R

P{NIG.9553R}

P{NIG.9553R}3

Ras85D^{TH201501177.S}

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD12553}v28129

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF02478}attP2

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS01294}attP2

Ras85D^GL00336

P{TRiP.GL00336}

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.GL00336}attP2/TM3, Sb¹

pico^GD7437

P{GD7437}

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD7437}v16369

Selected Drosophila classical alleles

Allele

Allele class

Mutagen

Publicly Available Stocks

chic^Δ29-33

amorphic allele - molecular evidence

CRISPR/Cas9

chic⁰¹³²⁰

loss of function allele

P-element activity

chic⁰¹³²⁰ cn¹/CyO; ry⁵⁰⁶

chic⁶⁴⁵⁸

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

w^*; P{GAL4-slbo.2.6}chic⁶⁴⁵⁸ P{UAS-GFP.S65T}Myo31DF^T2/CyO

chic²²¹

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

Delta2-3 transposase

chic²²¹ cn¹/CyO; ry⁵⁰⁶

chic²⁸¹

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

Delta2-3 transposase

chic^unspecified

Ras85D⁰⁶⁶⁷⁷

P-element activity

P{PZ}Ras85D⁰⁶⁶⁷⁷ ry⁵⁰⁶/TM3, ry^RK Sb¹ Ser¹

Ras85D^e2F

sev¹⁴; Ras85D^e2F/TM3, Sb¹

Ras85D^e1B

ethyl methanesulfonate

sev¹⁴; Ras85D^e1B/TM3, Sb¹

Ras85D^unspecified

Ras85D^ΔC40B

loss of function allele

Ras85D^x7b

loss of function allele

P-element activity

Ras85D^Δ17b

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

References (3)

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