FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\Dronc
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Dronc
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Death regulator Nedd2-like caspase
Annotation Symbol
CG8091
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0026404
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
30 publicly available
Enzyme Name (EC)
Gene Summary
Death regulator Nedd2-like caspase (Dronc) encodes an initiator caspase that is essential for caspase-dependent cell death. It is also implicated in the DNA damage response, sperm differentiation and cell specification. [Date last reviewed: 2018-10-18] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

Nc, Nedd2-like caspase, caspase-9

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
67D2-67D2
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-32
RefSeq locus
NT_037436 REGION:9968479..9971002
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (34 terms)
Molecular Function (5 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables cysteine-type endopeptidase activity
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Quinn et al., 2000)
inferred from direct assay
(Yuan et al., 2011, Yan et al., 2006, Kanuka et al., 2005, Yan et al., 2004, Meier et al., 2000, Dorstyn et al., 1999)
enables protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q24306
(Quinn et al., 2000)
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q7KLI1
(Quinn et al., 2000)
enables protein homodimerization activity
inferred from direct assay
(Yan et al., 2006)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables CARD domain binding
inferred from sequence model
(Yuan et al., 2011)
enables cysteine-type endopeptidase activity
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with WB:WBGene00000417
(Dorstyn et al., 1999)
enables cysteine-type peptidase activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR015917
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Biological Process (25 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (22 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in apoptotic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Yang et al., 2010, Xu et al., 2005, Chew et al., 2004, Meier et al., 2000, Dorstyn et al., 1999)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:egr; FB:FBgn0033483
(Li et al., 2019, Ma et al., 2012, Moreno et al., 2002)
inferred from expression pattern
(Dorstyn et al., 1999)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Diap1; FB:FBgn0260635
(Meier et al., 2000)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Diap1; FB:FBgn0260635
(Meier et al., 2000)
inferred from direct assay
(Quinn et al., 2000)
involved_in central nervous system development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chew et al., 2004)
involved_in chaeta development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kanuka et al., 2005)
involved_in compound eye development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chew et al., 2004)
involved_in compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Leulier et al., 2006)
involved_in dendrite morphogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Williams et al., 2006)
involved_in determination of adult lifespan
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Bauer et al., 2005)
involved_in ectopic germ cell programmed cell death
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Yacobi-Sharon et al., 2013)
involved_in execution phase of apoptosis
inferred from direct assay
(Yan et al., 2004)
involved_in head involution
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chew et al., 2004)
involved_in hemocyte development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chew et al., 2004)
involved_in melanization defense response
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Obata et al., 2014)
involved_in negative regulation of cell population proliferation
inferred from direct assay
(Verghese et al., 2012)
involved_in neuron remodeling
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kanamori et al., 2013, Schoenmann et al., 2010)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Ca-β; FB:FBgn0287724
(Kanamori et al., 2013)
involved_in nurse cell apoptotic process
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Strica; FB:FBgn0033051
(Baum et al., 2007)
involved_in programmed cell death involved in cell development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kondo et al., 2006)
involved_in programmed cell death
inferred from direct assay
(Lee et al., 2011)
involved_in programmed necrotic cell death
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Napoletano et al., 2017)
involved_in protein autoprocessing
inferred from direct assay
(Yan et al., 2006)
involved_in salivary gland histolysis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Leulier et al., 2006)
involved_in sperm individualization
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Arama et al., 2006, Huh et al., 2004)
involved_in zymogen activation
inferred from direct assay
(Yan et al., 2006)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Yan et al., 2006)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in metamorphosis
traceable author statement
(Kumar and Doumanis, 2000)
involved_in positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001030467
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in proteolysis
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Cellular Component (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of apoptosome
inferred from direct assay
(Yuan et al., 2011)
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Shukla and Tapadia, 2011, Dorstyn et al., 1999)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Shukla and Tapadia, 2011)
located_in plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Shukla and Tapadia, 2011)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in cytoplasm
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001030467
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the peptidase C14A family. (Q9XYF4)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Death regulator Nedd2-like caspase (Dronc) encodes an initiator caspase that is essential for caspase-dependent cell death. It is also implicated in the DNA damage response, sperm differentiation and cell specification. [Date last reviewed: 2018-10-18]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
APOPTOSOME -
The apoptosome is a ring-like multisubunit complex assembled upon receiving a pro-apoptotic signal. In Drosophila, Dark assembles into two stacked rings of eight subunits each. This scaffold binds ADP and an initiator caspase (Dronc in D.mel) which cleaves effector caspase(s). (Adapted from FBrf0212736).
CASPASES -
Caspases are a family of cysteine proteases that are particularly well known for their role in apoptosis. Caspases are translated as inactive zymogen precursor proteins. Initiator caspases have a large prodomain, and are cleaved to yield active enzyme in response to proapoptotic stimuli. Initiator caspases cleave and active effector (or executioner) caspases which cleave the substrates leading to programmed cell death. Caspases belong to MEROPS family C14. (Adapted from FBrf0215539).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution (PubMed:10200258, PubMed:10675329, PubMed:10984473). Effector of steroid-mediated apoptosis during insect metamorphosis (PubMed:10984473). Overexpression promotes programmed cell death (PubMed:10200258, PubMed:10675329, PubMed:10984473). Interaction with Diap1 is required to suppress Dronc-mediated cell death; via Diap1-mediated ubiquitination of Dronc (PubMed:10675329, PubMed:14517550). Rate-limiting caspase in rpr, grim and hid death pathway (PubMed:10984473, PubMed:14517550). Recruited to the Dark apoptosome, an adapter protein complex that mediates activation of the caspase cascade in programmed cell death initiated by the intrinsic apoptosis pathway (PubMed:21220123, PubMed:25644603). Association with the Dark apoptosome stimulates autocatalytic cleavage and activation of Dronc, promoting Dronc-mediated cleavage of downstream effector caspases such as Drice (PubMed:21220123, PubMed:25644603).
(UniProt, Q9XYF4)
Summary (Interactive Fly)

cysteine protease - a functional homolog of CED-3/caspase-9 - initiator caspase - involved in programmed cell death - activated by interaction with the Apaf-containing apoptosome

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Dronc for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9XYF4)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Dronc-RA
FBtr0076347
NM_079293
2015
450
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

2.2 (northern blot)

(Dorstyn et al., 1999)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Dronc-PA
FBpp0076076
51.1
450
7.07
Q9XYF4
NP_524017
AAF50180
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

450 (aa); 50 (kD observed)

(Dorstyn et al., 1999)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts (via residues 114-125) with Diap1 (via BIR 2 domain); binding blocks Dronc-mediated cell death (PubMed:10675329, PubMed:10984473, PubMed:14517550). Can form a stable complex with Drice (PubMed:10675329, PubMed:14517550). Rpr, hid and grim can out-compete Dronc for binding Diap1, therefore removing Diap1-mediated ubiquitination (PubMed:10675329, PubMed:14517550). Interacts (via CARD domain) with Dark (via Dark CARD and WD domains); the interaction stimulates Dark oligomerization to form the apoptosome and brings pairs of Dronc molecules together on the apoptosome to facilitate their dimerization and activation by autocatalytic cleavage (PubMed:21220123, PubMed:25644603, PubMed:38381783). Binding to Dark stimulates apoptosome assembly (PubMed:25644603, PubMed:38381783). After autocatalytic cleavage the Dronc caspase domain dissociates from the apoptosome but the CARD domain remains associated (PubMed:25644603).

(UniProt, Q9XYF4)
Post Translational Modification

Ubiquitinated by Diap1, leading to its subsequent degradation.

(UniProt, Q9XYF4)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Dronc using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.25

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
primordial germ cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
clypeo-labral primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
foregut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
embryonic foregut
(Fisher et al., 2012)
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage -- adult stage
(Dorstyn et al., 1999)
embryonic stage 3
organism | ubiquitous
(Dorstyn et al., 1999)
third instar larval stage
eye disc
(Dorstyn et al., 1999)
embryonic/larval salivary gland
(Dorstyn et al., 1999)
larval brain
(Dorstyn et al., 1999)
embryonic/larval midgut
(Dorstyn et al., 1999)
adult stage & oogenesis
egg chamber
(Dorstyn et al., 1999)
Additional Descriptive Data

Dronc transcripts are detected in all developmental stages on northern blots. Dronc transcripts are ubiquitously distributed in early embryos and are seen at reduced levels at later stages. High Dronc transcript levels are observed in salivary glands and midgut in late third instar larvae but not second instar larvae. Low levels of Dronc transcripts are observed throughout third instar eye discs and brain lobes. Dronc expression is also observed in egg chambers. Dronc expression is induced by ecdysone.

(Dorstyn et al., 1999)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
third instar larval stage
salivary gland
• cytoplasm
(Shukla and Tapadia, 2011)
Malpighian tubule
(Shukla and Tapadia, 2011)
prepupal stage P4(ii) -- pupal stage P5
salivary gland
• cytoplasm

Comment: reference states 12-14h APF

(Shukla and Tapadia, 2011)
Malpighian tubule

Comment: reference states 12-14h APF

(Shukla and Tapadia, 2011)
spermatogenesis & adult stage | male
spermatid cyst
• cytoplasm
(Arama et al., 2003)
spermatid cyst & cystic bulge
(Arama et al., 2003)
western blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
third instar larval stage
salivary gland
(Shukla and Tapadia, 2011)
Malpighian tubule
(Shukla and Tapadia, 2011)
prepupal stage P4(ii) -- pupal stage P5
salivary gland

Comment: reference states 12-14h APF

(Shukla and Tapadia, 2011)
Malpighian tubule

Comment: reference states 12-14h APF

(Shukla and Tapadia, 2011)
Additional Descriptive Data

Processing of the full-length Dronc precursor transcript (50 kDa) differs between pupal and larval salivary gland and Malpighian tubule tissue. Only the pupal salivary gland shows a band of activated Dronc at 19 kDa, and almost no full-length protein remaining.

(Shukla and Tapadia, 2011)

Expression of Dronc protein is observed in fully elongated spermatid cysts, and is depleted from individualized spermatozoa.

(Arama et al., 2003)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of apoptosome
inferred from direct assay
(Yuan et al., 2011)
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Shukla and Tapadia, 2011, Dorstyn et al., 1999)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Shukla and Tapadia, 2011)
located_in plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Shukla and Tapadia, 2011)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Dronc in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 43 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 51 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Dronc
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Dronc
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 6 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal, with Scer\GAL4Tub.PU
lethal, with Scer\GAL4Ubi.PU
lethal (with Df(3L)AC1)
lethal (with Dronc11)
lethal (with Dronc30)
lethal (with Dronc51)
lethal | embryonic stage | maternal effect | recessive
lethal | embryonic stage | recessive | rescuable maternal effect
lethal | embryonic stage | rescuable maternal effect
lethal | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Adh.PF
lethal | P-stage, with Scer\GAL4Adh.PF
lethal | pupal stage | recessive
lethal | recessive
lethal - all die before end of first instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4c42
lethal - all die before end of larval stage
lethal - all die before end of P-stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4Lsp2.PH
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with Df(3L)AC1)
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with DroncI29)
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with DroncKO)
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage | partially
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage | recessive
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage | temperature conditional, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
lethal - all die during embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
lethal - all die during embryonic stage | recessive | rescuable maternal effect
partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4c42
viable
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable (with DroncKO.Dronc.WT.SunTag(Unk),Tag:HA)
viable (with DroncKO.FRT.Dronc.WT.GFP.APEX2.FRT.QF)
viable (with DroncKO.FRT.Dronc.WT.GFP.APEX2.FRT.SunTag(Unk),Tag:HA,mCherry)
viable (with DroncKO)
viable | temperature conditional, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
Sterility
Allele
female sterile
fertile
fertile (with DroncKO.Dronc.WT.SunTag(Unk),Tag:HA)
fertile (with DroncKO)
male sterile
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal cell death
abnormal cell death, with Scer\GAL4Crz.504
abnormal cell death (with Dronc51)
abnormal cell death (with DroncI24)
abnormal cell death (with DroncI29)
abnormal cell death | somatic clone
abnormal cell size | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4byn-Gal4
abnormal developmental rate
abnormal developmental rate, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
abnormal developmental rate | larval stage
abnormal eye color
abnormal eye color, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
abnormal eye color, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PFa
abnormal eye color, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
abnormal neuroanatomy
abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4477
abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4ppk.1.9
abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage
abnormal neuroanatomy | P-stage, with Scer\GAL4ppk.PU
abnormal neuroanatomy | temperature conditional, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
abnormal size | larval stage
chemical resistant | recessive | wandering third instar larval stage
decreased cell death
decreased cell death (with DroncI24)
decreased cell death (with DroncI29)
decreased cell death (with DroncL32)
decreased cell death | adult stage
decreased cell death | embryonic stage 12 | rescuable maternal effect
decreased cell death | embryonic stage 15 | rescuable maternal effect
decreased cell death | larval stage
decreased cell death | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4fkh.PH
decreased cell death | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB
decreased cell death | recessive | wandering third instar larval stage
decreased cell death | rescuable maternal effect
decreased cell death | spermatogenesis (with DroncI29)
decreased cell death | spermatogenesis (with DroncL32)
decreased cell number, with Scer\GAL4c42
decreased cell number | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4byn-Gal4
hyperplasia | adult stage (with DroncI29)
hyperplasia | adult stage (with DroncL32)
hyperplasia | adult stage | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.FRT.Dronc.WT.GFP.APEX2.FRT.Dronc.CA.SunTag(Unk),Tag:HA,mCherry)
hyperplasia | adult stage | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.FRT.Dronc.WT.GFP.APEX2.FRT.Dronc.CAEA.SunTag(Unk),Tag:HA,mCherry)
hyperplasia | adult stage | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.FRT.Dronc.WT.GFP.APEX2.FRT.Dronc.deltaCAEA.SunTag(Unk),Tag:HA,mCherry)
hyperplasia | adult stage | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.-FRT.QF)
hyperplasia | adult stage | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.-FRT.SunTag(Unk),Tag:HA,mCherry)
hyperplasia | adult stage | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO)
increased cell death
increased cell death, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
increased cell death, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB
increased cell death | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
increased cell number | adult stage | somatic clone
increased cell number | somatic clone
increased cell size | adult stage | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.FRT.Dronc.WT.GFP.APEX2.FRT.Dronc.CA.SunTag(Unk),Tag:HA,mCherry)
increased cell size | adult stage | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.FRT.Dronc.WT.GFP.APEX2.FRT.Dronc.CAEA.SunTag(Unk),Tag:HA,mCherry)
increased cell size | adult stage | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.FRT.Dronc.WT.GFP.APEX2.FRT.Dronc.deltaCAEA.SunTag(Unk),Tag:HA,mCherry)
increased cell size | adult stage | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.-FRT.QF)
increased cell size | adult stage | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.-FRT.SunTag(Unk),Tag:HA,mCherry)
increased cell size | adult stage | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO)
increased occurrence of cell division | adult stage | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.-FRT.QF)
increased occurrence of cell division | adult stage | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO)
increased occurrence of cell division | larval stage | somatic clone
melanotic necrosis, with Scer\GAL4GMR11F02
short lived
short lived, with Scer\GAL4byn-Gal4
short lived, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
short lived | recessive
some die during embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
some die during embryonic stage | rescuable maternal effect
some die during first instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4c42
some die during larval stage
some die during pharate adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4Lsp2.PH
some die during pupal stage (with Df(3L)AC1)
some die during pupal stage | partially
some die during pupal stage | recessive
some die during pupal stage | temperature conditional, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
visible
visible, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
visible, with Scer\GAL4sca-P309
visible (with DroncI24)
visible (with DroncI29)
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4ap-md544
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PFa
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
visible | male (with DroncI24)
visible | male (with DroncI29)
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
adult anterior hindgut, with Scer\GAL4byn-Gal4
adult head, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
adult head | temperature conditional, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
adult posterior midgut | somatic clone
adult posterior midgut | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.FRT.Dronc.WT.GFP.APEX2.FRT.Dronc.CA.SunTag(Unk),Tag:HA,mCherry)
adult posterior midgut | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.FRT.Dronc.WT.GFP.APEX2.FRT.Dronc.CAEA.SunTag(Unk),Tag:HA,mCherry)
adult posterior midgut | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.FRT.Dronc.WT.GFP.APEX2.FRT.Dronc.deltaCAEA.SunTag(Unk),Tag:HA,mCherry)
adult posterior midgut | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.-FRT.QF)
adult posterior midgut | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.-FRT.SunTag(Unk),Tag:HA,mCherry)
adult posterior midgut | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO)
adult pylorus, with Scer\GAL4byn-Gal4
arista
Bolwig organ | embryonic stage 15 | rescuable maternal effect
chordotonal neuron | maternal effect | increased number
cystic bulge
cystic bulge (with DroncI29)
cystic bulge (with DroncL32)
dendrite
dendrite, with Scer\GAL4477
dendrite, with Scer\GAL4ppk.1.9
dendrite | P-stage, with Scer\GAL4ppk.PU
dorsal ridge primordium | rescuable maternal effect
egg chamber
egg chamber | germline clone
embryonic/larval fat body | wandering third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Adh.PF
embryonic/larval hemocyte | increased number
embryonic/larval Malpighian tubule, with Scer\GAL4c42
embryonic/larval midgut | late third instar larval stage
embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | temperature conditional, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
embryonic/larval salivary gland | P-stage, with Scer\GAL4fkh.PH
embryonic/larval salivary gland | P-stage, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB
embryonic head | rescuable maternal effect
enteroblast of posterior adult midgut epithelium | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.-FRT.SunTag(Unk),Tag:HA,mCherry)
enteroblast of posterior adult midgut epithelium | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO)
enterocyte of posterior adult midgut epithelium | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO.-FRT.SunTag(Unk),Tag:HA,mCherry)
enterocyte of posterior adult midgut epithelium | somatic clone - tissue specific (with DroncKO)
eo neuron | increased number, with Scer\GAL4sca-P309
eye
eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PFa
eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
eye | somatic clone
eye | temperature conditional, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
eye-antennal disc | somatic clone
eye disc, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
eye disc | posterior, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
eye disc | P-stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
eye disc | somatic clone
eye disc | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
eye disc posterior to the morphogenetic furrow | somatic clone
eye photoreceptor cell
eye photoreceptor cell, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
imaginal disc | wandering third instar larval stage
imaginal disc epithelial cell | somatic clone
interommatidial precursor cell | pharate adult stage P9 | increased number, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
larval brain | wandering third instar larval stage
larval digestive system (with Df(3L)AC1)
larval digestive system (with Dronc2)
larval digestive system (with Dronc51)
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaC
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaC, with Scer\GAL4477
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaC, with Scer\GAL4ppk.1.9
larval multidendritic class IV neuron | P-stage, with Scer\GAL4ppk.PU
larval ventral nerve cord | late embryonic stage | rescuable maternal effect
macrochaeta | increased number, with Scer\GAL4sca-P309
male genitalia (with DroncI24)
male genitalia (with DroncI29)
male germline cell (with DroncI24)
male germline cell (with DroncI29)
male germline cell (with DroncL32)
melanotic mass (with Df(3L)AC1)
melanotic mass (with Dronc2)
melanotic mass (with Dronc51)
midline glial cell | maternal effect | increased number
neuroblast & larval abdominal segment 3 | late third instar larval stage
neuroblast & larval abdominal segment 4 | late third instar larval stage
neuroblast & larval abdominal segment 5 | late third instar larval stage
neuroblast & larval abdominal segment 6 | late third instar larval stage
neuroblast & larval abdominal segment 7 | late third instar larval stage
neuron
neuron, with Scer\GAL4Crz.504
neuron (with Dronc51)
neuron (with DroncI24)
neuron (with DroncI29)
neuron & ventral nerve cord | ectopic (with Dronc51)
neuron & ventral nerve cord | ectopic (with DroncI24)
nucleus | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4byn-Gal4
ommatidial precursor cluster | somatic clone
ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
ommatidium | cell autonomous | somatic clone
ommatidium | somatic clone
peptidergic neuron | adult stage | ectopic
pigment cell
pigment cell, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
pigment cell, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
pigment cell | somatic clone
postalar bristle | increased number
presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system | maternal effect
retina
salivary gland | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL434B
sensory mother cell | increased number, with Scer\GAL4sca-P309
spermatid
spermatogonial cyst (with DroncI24)
spermatogonial cyst (with DroncI29)
spermatogonial cyst (with DroncL32)
spermatogonium (with DroncI29)
spermatogonium (with DroncL32)
testis | adult stage (with DroncI29)
testis | adult stage (with DroncL32)
thecogen cell | increased number, with Scer\GAL4sca-P309
ventral nerve cord primordium | embryonic stage 15 | rescuable maternal effect
ventral trunk epidermis primordium | embryonic stage 12 | rescuable maternal effect
waste bag
waste bag (with DroncI29)
waste bag (with DroncL32)
wing
wing, with Scer\GAL4ap-md544
wing, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
wing, with Scer\GAL4GMR11F02
wing (with DroncI24)
wing (with DroncI29)
wing | adult stage A3 | somatic clone
wing | somatic clone
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (18)
Hsap\CASP2
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\CASP9
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\CASP14
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Hsap\CASP6
4 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CASP1
3 of 14
No
Yes
1  
Hsap\CASP3
3 of 14
No
No
9  
Hsap\CASP4
3 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CASP5
3 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CASP7
3 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CASP8
3 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CFLAR
3 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CARD18
2 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CASP10
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CASP12
2 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CARD16
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PEA15
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PYCARD
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PYDC1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (14)
Rnor\Casp2
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Casp9
4 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Casp14
4 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Casp1
3 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Casp3
3 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Casp4
3 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Casp6
3 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Casp8
3 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Casp12
3 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Cflar
3 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Casp7
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Casp16
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pea15
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pycard
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (14)
Mmus\Casp2
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Casp14
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Casp6
4 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Casp9
4 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Casp1
3 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Casp3
3 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Casp4
3 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Casp7
3 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Casp8
3 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Casp12
3 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Cflar
3 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Casp16
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Pea15a
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Pycard
1 of 14
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (11)
Xtro\casp2
3 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\casp3.1
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\casp6
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\casp7
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\casp3.2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\casp8
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\casp9
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\coq4
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\fam135b
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\oit3
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\XB5812047
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (21)
Drer\casp2
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\casp9
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\casp6a
4 of 14
No
No
Drer\casp3a
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\casp3b
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\casp6b.1
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\casp6b.2
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\casp7
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\casp8
3 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\casp17
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\casp21
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\casp23
3 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\caspa
3 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\caspb
3 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\cflara
3 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\casp10
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\casp20
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\casp22
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\caspbl
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pea15
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\si:ch211-195h23.3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (5)
Cele\ced-3
4 of 14
Yes
No
1  
Cele\csp-1
4 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\csp-2
4 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\csp-3
3 of 14
No
No
Cele\ZK795.2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (17)
Agam\CASPL2
11 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\CASPS1
3 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS2
3 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS3
3 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS4
3 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS5
3 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS6
3 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS9
3 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS11
3 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS12
3 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS13
3 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012945
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPL1
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS7
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS8
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS14
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS10
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Dronc. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (6)
Dcp-1
4 of 13
Decay
4 of 13
Dredd
4 of 13
Drice
4 of 13
Strica
3 of 13
Damm
2 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
Allele
Disease
Evidence
References
DroncI29
model of  testicular cancer
CEA with DroncL32
(Napoletano et al., 2017)
DroncL32
model of  testicular cancer
CEA with DroncI29
(Napoletano et al., 2017)
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 4 )
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 9 )
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
CASP2; caspase 2
5 of 14
600639
    CASP9; caspase 9
    5 of 14
    602234
        CASP14; caspase 14
        5 of 14
        605848
           
          CASP6; caspase 6
          4 of 14
          601532
              CASP1; caspase 1
              3 of 14
              CASPASE 1, APOPTOSIS-RELATED CYSTEINE PROTEASE; CASP1
                   
                  CASP3; caspase 3
                  3 of 14
                  600636
                       
                      CASP4; caspase 4
                      3 of 14
                      602664
                          CASP5; caspase 5
                          3 of 14
                          602665
                              CASP7; caspase 7
                              3 of 14
                              601761
                                  CASP8; caspase 8
                                  3 of 14
                                  601763
                                  CFLAR; CASP8 and FADD like apoptosis regulator
                                  3 of 14
                                  603599
                                      Functional Complementation Data
                                      Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                                      Interactions
                                      Summary of Physical Interactions
                                      Interaction Browsers
                                      View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
                                      Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
                                      protein-protein
                                      Physical Interaction
                                      Assay
                                      References
                                      Dronc
                                      cosedimentation, molecular weight, enzymatic study, molecular weight estimation by staining, cleavage assay, western blot, molecular sieving
                                      (Dorstyn and Kumar, 2008, Snipas et al., 2008, Yan et al., 2006)
                                      Dronc - Amyrel
                                      experimental knowledge based
                                      (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                                      Dronc - CG11700
                                      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, western blot
                                      (Kamber Kaya et al., 2017)
                                      Dronc - CG7737
                                      experimental knowledge based
                                      (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                                      Dronc - Dark
                                      pull down, western blot, electron microscopy, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, molecular sieving, molecular weight estimation by staining
                                      (Tian et al., 2024, Kamber Kaya et al., 2017, Pang et al., 2015, Yang et al., 2010, Dorstyn and Kumar, 2008)
                                      Dronc - Df31
                                      experimental knowledge based
                                      (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                                      Dronc - Diap1
                                      enzymatic study, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down, cleavage assay, molecular weight estimation by staining
                                      (Liu et al., 2021, Huang et al., 2014, Rumpf et al., 2011, Ditzel et al., 2008, Dorstyn and Kumar, 2008, Means et al., 2006, Muro et al., 2005, Yan et al., 2004)
                                      Dronc - Drice
                                      enzymatic study, molecular weight estimation by staining, anti tag western blot, autoradiography, cleavage assay
                                      (Pang et al., 2015, D'Brot et al., 2013, Yang et al., 2010, Dorstyn and Kumar, 2008, Snipas et al., 2008)
                                      Dronc - Duba
                                      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
                                      (Koerver et al., 2016)
                                      Dronc - Fas3
                                      pull down, anti tag western blot
                                      (Muramoto et al., 2025)
                                      Dronc - Gs1
                                      experimental knowledge based
                                      (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                                      Dronc - HIP-R
                                      experimental knowledge based
                                      (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                                      Dronc - Myo31DF
                                      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, phenotype-based detection assay, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author
                                      (Amcheslavsky et al., 2018)
                                      Dronc - Synd
                                      experimental knowledge based
                                      (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                                      Dronc - Ubi-p5E
                                      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag western blot
                                      (Kamber Kaya et al., 2017)
                                      Dronc - Ubi-p63E
                                      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, western blot
                                      (Kamber Kaya et al., 2017)
                                      Dronc - Ubr3
                                      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
                                      (Huang et al., 2014)
                                      Dronc - ck
                                      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
                                      (Orme et al., 2016)
                                      Dronc - eIF3m
                                      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
                                      (D'Brot et al., 2013)
                                      Dronc - numb
                                      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
                                      (Ouyang et al., 2011)
                                      Summary of Genetic Interactions
                                      Interaction Browsers
                                      View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
                                      Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
                                      Starting gene(s)
                                      Interaction type
                                      Interacting gene(s)
                                      Reference
                                      Dronc
                                      enhanceable
                                      Atg1
                                      (Liu et al., 2013)
                                      Dronc
                                      enhanceable
                                      Dark
                                      (Domingues and Ryoo, 2012, Verghese et al., 2012)
                                      Dronc
                                      suppressible
                                      Dark
                                      (Sinenko, 2017, Quinn et al., 2000)
                                      hpo|Dronc
                                      enhanceable
                                      Dark
                                      (Verghese et al., 2012)
                                      Dronc
                                      enhanceable
                                      Dcp-1
                                      (Lee et al., 2011)
                                      Dronc
                                      suppressible
                                      Diap1
                                      (Sawyer et al., 2025, Sinenko, 2017, Hawkins et al., 2000, Meier et al., 2000, Quinn et al., 2000)
                                      Dronc
                                      enhanceable
                                      Diap1
                                      (Sinenko, 2017, Wilson et al., 2002, Hawkins et al., 2000, Quinn et al., 2000)
                                      Dronc
                                      suppressible
                                      Diap2
                                      (Quinn et al., 2000)
                                      Dronc
                                      suppressible
                                      Dredd
                                      (Lee et al., 2011)
                                      Dronc
                                      enhanceable
                                      eff
                                      (Ryoo et al., 2002)
                                      Dronc
                                      enhanceable
                                      Erasp
                                      (Park et al., 2023)
                                      Dronc
                                      suppressible
                                      Hsp60D
                                      (Arya and Lakhotia, 2008)
                                      Dronc
                                      suppressible
                                      lncRNA:Hsrω
                                      (Mallik and Lakhotia, 2009)
                                      Dronc
                                      enhanceable
                                      Men
                                      (Yang et al., 2010)
                                      Dronc
                                      suppressible
                                      mir-14
                                      (Xu et al., 2003)
                                      LIMK1|Dronc
                                      suppressible
                                      Myo31DF
                                      (Farrell et al., 2022)
                                      Dronc
                                      enhanceable
                                      scny
                                      (Sinenko, 2017)
                                      Dronc
                                      enhanceable
                                      sgg
                                      (Kanuka et al., 2005)
                                      Dronc
                                      suppressible
                                      spoon
                                      (Das et al., 2023)
                                      Dronc
                                      enhanceable
                                      Strica
                                      (Lee et al., 2011)
                                      Dronc
                                      enhanceable
                                      Usp1
                                      (Sinenko, 2017)
                                      Dronc
                                      enhanceable
                                      Usp2
                                      (Sinenko, 2017)
                                      Dronc
                                      enhanceable
                                      Usp7
                                      (Sinenko, 2017)
                                      Dronc
                                      enhanceable
                                      Usp8
                                      (Sinenko, 2017)
                                      Dronc
                                      suppressible
                                      Usp15-31
                                      (Sinenko, 2017)
                                      Dronc
                                      suppressible
                                      wg
                                      (Kanuka et al., 2005)
                                      Starting gene(s)
                                      Interaction type
                                      Interacting gene(s)
                                      Reference
                                      Atg1
                                      enhanceable
                                      Dronc
                                      (Liu et al., 2013)
                                      Awh
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Singh et al., 2025)
                                      Ca-β
                                      enhanceable
                                      Dronc
                                      (Kanamori et al., 2013)
                                      Dark
                                      enhanceable
                                      Dronc
                                      (Chew et al., 2004)
                                      DCAF12
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Hwangbo et al., 2016)
                                      Dcp-1
                                      enhanceable
                                      Dronc
                                      (Lee et al., 2011)
                                      Der-1
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Liang et al., 2014)
                                      Diap1
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Leulier et al., 2006, Xu et al., 2005)
                                      dome
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Recasens-Alvarez et al., 2017)
                                      Dyro
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Shima et al., 2025)
                                      egr
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Ma et al., 2012, Igaki et al., 2002, Moreno et al., 2002)
                                      elfless
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Caldwell et al., 2008)
                                      gig|Rbf
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Li et al., 2010)
                                      Gp93
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Xu et al., 2025)
                                      grim::rpr
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Wing et al., 2001)
                                      grim
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Yan et al., 2006, Waldhuber et al., 2005, Wing et al., 2001, Hawkins et al., 2000)
                                      hid
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Farrell et al., 2022, Neukomm et al., 2017, Rudrapatna et al., 2013, Kondo et al., 2006, Leulier et al., 2006, Yan et al., 2006, Xu et al., 2005, Ryoo et al., 2004, Hawkins et al., 2000)
                                      hid
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc|Decay
                                      (Leulier et al., 2006)
                                      hid
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc|Strica
                                      (Leulier et al., 2006)
                                      hpo
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Verghese et al., 2012)
                                      hpo
                                      enhanceable
                                      Dronc
                                      (Verghese et al., 2012)
                                      hpo
                                      enhanceable
                                      Dronc|Dark
                                      (Verghese et al., 2012)
                                      Idh
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Reitman et al., 2015)
                                      IKKε
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Kuranaga et al., 2006)
                                      IKKε
                                      enhanceable
                                      Dronc
                                      (Koto et al., 2009)
                                      Ipk2
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Seeds et al., 2015)
                                      Ire1
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Zheng et al., 2023)
                                      Ire1|scrib
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Zheng et al., 2023)
                                      Lrrk|foxo
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Kanao et al., 2010)
                                      mts|polo
                                      enhanceable
                                      Dronc
                                      (Ouyang et al., 2011)
                                      nanos
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Bhogal et al., 2016)
                                      ninaE
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Griciuc et al., 2014)
                                      norpA
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Hsu et al., 2004)
                                      numb
                                      enhanceable
                                      Dronc
                                      (Ouyang et al., 2011)
                                      numb
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Ouyang et al., 2011)
                                      p53
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Fan et al., 2010, Kondo et al., 2006)
                                      Pi3K92E
                                      enhanceable
                                      Dronc
                                      (Berry and Baehrecke, 2007)
                                      Rab5
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Ballesteros-Arias et al., 2014)
                                      Rac1
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Geisbrecht and Montell, 2004)
                                      Rala
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Balakireva et al., 2006)
                                      Ras85D
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Zhang et al., 2024)
                                      Rbf|gig
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Li et al., 2010)
                                      rno|Rbf
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Steele et al., 2009)
                                      rpr
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Sinenko, 2017, Kondo et al., 2006, Yan et al., 2006, Waldhuber et al., 2005, Xu et al., 2005, Igaki et al., 2002, Wing et al., 2001, Hawkins et al., 2000, Meier et al., 2000)
                                      rpr
                                      suppressible
                                      Usp15-31|Dronc
                                      (Sinenko, 2017)
                                      RpS3
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Kale et al., 2015)
                                      RpS3
                                      suppressible
                                      Strica|Dronc
                                      (Kale et al., 2015)
                                      RpS3|yki
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Wada et al., 2021)
                                      S2P
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Amarneh et al., 2009)
                                      scrib
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Zheng et al., 2023)
                                      Srrm1
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Fan et al., 2014)
                                      Strica
                                      enhanceable
                                      Dronc
                                      (Lee et al., 2011)
                                      syd
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Ahmad et al., 2021)
                                      Ubr3
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Huang et al., 2014)
                                      Vps4
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Legent et al., 2015)
                                      wg
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Wells et al., 2006)
                                      YME1L
                                      suppressible
                                      Dronc
                                      (Qi et al., 2016)
                                      External Data
                                      Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
                                      Interacts (via residues 114-125) with Diap1 (via BIR 2 domain); binding blocks Dronc-mediated cell death (PubMed:10675329, PubMed:10984473, PubMed:14517550). Can form a stable complex with Drice (PubMed:10675329, PubMed:14517550). Rpr, hid and grim can out-compete Dronc for binding Diap1, therefore removing Diap1-mediated ubiquitination (PubMed:10675329, PubMed:14517550). Interacts (via CARD domain) with Dark (via Dark CARD and WD domains); the interaction stimulates Dark oligomerization to form the apoptosome and brings pairs of Dronc molecules together on the apoptosome to facilitate their dimerization and activation by autocatalytic cleavage (PubMed:21220123, PubMed:25644603, PubMed:38381783). Binding to Dark stimulates apoptosome assembly (PubMed:25644603, PubMed:38381783). After autocatalytic cleavage the Dronc caspase domain dissociates from the apoptosome but the CARD domain remains associated (PubMed:25644603).
                                      (UniProt, Q9XYF4 )
                                      Linkouts
                                      BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                                      DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                                      MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                                      MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                                      Pathways
                                      Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
                                      Metabolic Pathways
                                      FlyBase
                                      External Links
                                      External Data
                                      Linkouts
                                      KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                                      Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                                      Class of Gene
                                      Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                                      Chromosome (arm)
                                      3L
                                      Recombination map
                                      3-32
                                      Cytogenetic map
                                      67D2-67D2
                                      Sequence location
                                      FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                                      Cytogenetic map
                                      Evidence for location
                                      67D2-67D2
                                      Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}fry02240 and P{lacW}l(3)L0539L0539&P{PZ}Dhh1rL562
                                      Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                                      Cytogenetic map
                                      Notes
                                      References
                                      Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                                      Location

                                      3-32

                                      (FlyBase, 2016)

                                      3-24.4

                                      (Comeron et al., 2012)
                                      Left of (cM)
                                      Right of (cM)
                                      Notes
                                      Stocks and Reagents
                                      Stocks (30)
                                      Genomic Clones (17)
                                       

                                      Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

                                      cDNA Clones (75)
                                       

                                      Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                                      cDNA clones, fully sequenced
                                      BDGP DGC clones
                                      Other clones
                                      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                                      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                                      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                                      BDGP DGC clones
                                      Other clones
                                      RNAi and Array Information
                                      Linkouts
                                      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                                      Antibody Information
                                      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                                       

                                      polyclonal

                                      (Li et al., 2019, Amcheslavsky et al., 2018, Yang et al., 2010, Koto et al., 2009, Settles and Friesen, 2008, Arama et al., 2003)
                                      Commercially Available Antibodies
                                       
                                      Cell Line Information
                                      Publicly Available Cell Lines
                                       
                                        Other Stable Cell Lines
                                         
                                          Other Comments

                                          Nc has a role in the coordination of tissue growth; when growth rate is reduced in a specific territory in the developing wing disc, Nc reduces cell proliferation rates in adjacent cell populations.

                                          (Mesquita et al., 2010)

                                          Nc activity has a negative effect on border follicle cell migration.

                                          (Geisbrecht and Montell, 2004)

                                          dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology.

                                          (Kiger et al., 2003)

                                          Area matching Drosophila EST AA540020.

                                          (Davies, 2001.3.15)

                                          Nc cleaves tetrapeptide and protein substrates carboxy-terminal to glutamate as well as aspartate residues.

                                          (Hawkins et al., 2000)

                                          th interacts with the pro-domain of Nc and appears to be a critical regulator of activation of Nc in vivo. Nc appears to act in the rpr and W pathway.

                                          (Meier et al., 2000)

                                          Loss of Nc function in early embryos results in a dramatic decrease in cell death in the embryos.

                                          (Quinn et al., 2000)
                                          Relationship to Other Genes
                                          Source for database merge of

                                          Source for merge of: Nc anon- EST:GressD6

                                          (FlyBase, 1996-)

                                          Source for merge of: Nc anon-WO0118547.313

                                          (FlyBase, 1996-)
                                          Additional comments

                                          Source for merge of Nc anon- EST:GressD6 was sequence comparison ( date:030707 ).

                                          (FlyBase, 1996-)

                                          Source for merge of Nc anon-WO0118547.313 was sequence comparison ( date:051113 ).

                                          (FlyBase, 1996-)
                                          Nomenclature History
                                          Source for database identify of

                                          Source for identity of: Nc CG8091

                                          (Zhang, 1999.11)

                                          Source for identity of: Dronc Nc

                                          (Steller et al., 2014.7.9)
                                          Nomenclature comments

                                          Changed from 'Nc' to 'Dronc' to reflect common usage in the literature.

                                          (Steller et al., 2014.7.9)
                                          Etymology
                                          Synonyms and Secondary IDs (18)
                                          Reported As
                                          Symbol Synonym
                                          CG8090
                                          (Yi et al., 2007)
                                          CG8091
                                          (Neuert et al., 2017, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Liu et al., 2009, Begun et al., 2007, Kanao and Miyachi, 2006, Lee et al., 2003)
                                          DRONC
                                          (Frigo et al., 2023, Akai et al., 2021, Wang et al., 2019, He et al., 2017, Ma et al., 2017, Orme et al., 2016, Zhang et al., 2015, Ziraldo and Ma, 2015, Fan et al., 2014, Tamori and Deng, 2014, Yeh and Bratton, 2013, Lee et al., 2011, Shukla and Tapadia, 2011, Bergmann, 2010, Gupta et al., 2010, Bedoukian et al., 2009, Ertürk-Hasdemir et al., 2009, Ditzel et al., 2008, Dorstyn and Kumar, 2008, Settles and Friesen, 2008, Snipas et al., 2008, Challa et al., 2007, Chandraratna et al., 2007, Lannan et al., 2007, Luo et al., 2007, Adrain, 2006, Balakireva et al., 2006, Kuranaga et al., 2006, Montell, 2006, Oshima, 2006, Oshima et al., 2006, Williams et al., 2006, Bauer et al., 2005, Kanuka et al., 2005, Muro et al., 2005, Waldhuber et al., 2005, Waldhuber et al., 2005, Cakouros et al., 2004, Dorstyn et al., 2004, Igaki and Miura, 2004, Renault et al., 2004, Varfolomeev and Ashkenazi, 2004, Wheeler et al., 2004, Ilangovan et al., 2003, Moreno and Basler, 2003, Morey et al., 2003, Morey et al., 2003, Igaki et al., 2002, Jabbour et al., 2002, Kanda et al., 2002, Martin, 2002, Moreno et al., 2002, Matova and Cooley, 2001, Yu et al., 2001, Hawkins et al., 2000, Hu and Yang, 2000, Igaki et al., 2000, Jones et al., 2000, Meier et al., 2000, Meier et al., 2000, Petritsch et al., 2000, Dorstyn et al., 1999, Kanuka et al., 1999, Quinn et al., 1999, Wang et al., 1999, Kumar, 1998.11.4)
                                          Dronc
                                          (Akai et al., 2025, He et al., 2025, Hounsell and Fan, 2025, Klemm et al., 2025, Muramoto et al., 2025, Scopelliti et al., 2025, Singh et al., 2025, Sproston et al., 2025, Xiao et al., 2025, Xiu et al., 2025, Yadav et al., 2025, Zheng et al., 2025, Gaur et al., 2024, Jang et al., 2024, Luo et al., 2024, Malin et al., 2024, Rui, 2024, Siddique et al., 2024, Tagorti et al., 2024, Tian et al., 2024, Abaquita et al., 2023, Barrio et al., 2023, Das et al., 2023, Heigwer et al., 2023, Huang et al., 2023, Kietz and Meinander, 2023, Lassetter et al., 2023, Muita and Baxter, 2023, Zheng et al., 2023, Baonza et al., 2022, Ciesielski et al., 2022, Colon-Plaza and Su, 2022, Dziedziech and Theopold, 2022, Feng et al., 2022, Ogunsuyi et al., 2022, Rai and Roy, 2022, Tarikere et al., 2022, Villars et al., 2022, Wendler et al., 2022, Xu et al., 2022, Bawa et al., 2021, Bejarano et al., 2021, Boumard and Bardin, 2021, Buhlman et al., 2021, DeAngelis et al., 2021, Furusawa and Emoto, 2021, Gogia et al., 2021, Hounsell and Fan, 2021, Liu et al., 2021, Millet-Boureima et al., 2021, Valon et al., 2021, Wada et al., 2021, Wu et al., 2021, Zhou et al., 2021, Amcheslavsky et al., 2020, Arthurton et al., 2020, Brown et al., 2020, Coelho, 2020, Fujisawa et al., 2020, Geigges et al., 2020, Kosakamoto et al., 2020, Krautz et al., 2020, Li et al., 2020, Morata and Calleja, 2020, Nakajima et al., 2020, Naz et al., 2020, Perez-Gomez et al., 2020, Rahul et al., 2020, Singh et al., 2020, Sun et al., 2020, Xu et al., 2020, Asri et al., 2019, Jiang et al., 2019, Katsube et al., 2019, Khan et al., 2019, Meltzer et al., 2019, Pinal et al., 2019, Sênos Demarco et al., 2019, Snigdha et al., 2019, Tang, 2019, Tettamanti and Casartelli, 2019, Wu et al., 2019, Wu et al., 2019, Yan et al., 2019, Yuan et al., 2019, Ahmed-de-Prado and Baonza, 2018, Ahmed-de-Prado et al., 2018, Akai et al., 2018, Baena-Lopez et al., 2018, Baillon et al., 2018, Chi et al., 2018, Diwanji and Bergmann, 2018, Dorstyn et al., 2018, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, Mlih et al., 2018, Mondal et al., 2018, Ren et al., 2018, Verghese and Su, 2018, Xu et al., 2018, Diwanji and Bergmann, 2017, Kamber Kaya et al., 2017, Khan et al., 2017, Kutscher and Shaham, 2017, Nainu et al., 2017, Nakajima and Kuranaga, 2017, Schott et al., 2017, Suisse et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Baker and Kale, 2016, Bhogal et al., 2016, Chen et al., 2016, Dabrowska et al., 2016, Eroglu and Derry, 2016, Kawamoto et al., 2016, Koerver et al., 2016, Lee et al., 2016, Melzer and Broemer, 2016, Padash Barmchi et al., 2016, Qi et al., 2016, Yaniv and Schuldiner, 2016, Zheng et al., 2016, Arya and White, 2015, Denton and Kumar, 2015, Di Cara et al., 2015, Dwivedi et al., 2015, Enomoto et al., 2015, Guntermann et al., 2015, Legent et al., 2015, Means et al., 2015, Reitman et al., 2015, Sakamaki et al., 2015, Su, 2015, Bertet et al., 2014, Griciuc et al., 2014, Huang et al., 2014, Liu et al., 2014, Nandi et al., 2014, Robbins et al., 2014, Steller et al., 2014.7.9, Yang et al., 2014, Christiansen et al., 2013, D'Brot et al., 2013, Denton et al., 2013, Dick and Megeney, 2013, Jenkins et al., 2013, Lee et al., 2013, Liu et al., 2013, Liu et al., 2013, Pérez-Garijo et al., 2013, Rallis et al., 2013, Sun and Irvine, 2013, Yuan and Akey, 2013, Zhang and Cohen, 2013, Chen et al., 2012, Darding and Meier, 2012, Domingues and Ryoo, 2012, Fabian and Brill, 2012, Filipiak et al., 2012, Kanao et al., 2012, Ma et al., 2012, Marchal et al., 2012, Miura, 2012, Pushpavalli et al., 2012, Vecchio et al., 2012, Verghese et al., 2012, Keller et al., 2011, Kuranaga, 2011, Li et al., 2011, Miura, 2011, Morata et al., 2011, Ouyang et al., 2011, Rumpf et al., 2011, Suissa et al., 2011, Tao and Rolls, 2011, Yuan et al., 2011, Bergantiños et al., 2010, Kanao et al., 2010, Kim et al., 2010, Mesquita et al., 2010, Paquette et al., 2010, Yang et al., 2010, Glavic et al., 2009, Koto et al., 2009, Liu et al., 2009, Ribaya et al., 2009, Cakouros et al., 2008, Caldwell et al., 2008, Domingues and Ryoo, 2008, Fan and Bergmann, 2008, Lee et al., 2008, Li and Cadigan, 2008, Pret et al., 2008, Tsujimura et al., 2008, Baum et al., 2007, Caldwell and Eberl, 2007, Chandraratna et al., 2007, Chew et al., 2007, Copeland et al., 2007, Fan and Bergmann, 2007, Herman-Bachinsky et al., 2007, Huh et al., 2007, Kim and Yoo, 2007, Kuranaga and Miura, 2007, Link et al., 2007, McCall et al., 2007, Primrose et al., 2007, Shin and Yoo, 2007, Takemoto et al., 2007, Tenev et al., 2007, Wu et al., 2007, Yi et al., 2007, Baehrecke, 2006, Bergman, 2006.7.7, Bergmann, 2006, Kuo et al., 2006, Mendes et al., 2006, Montell, 2006, Muro et al., 2006, Wells et al., 2006, Yan et al., 2006, Alvarez-Garcia and Miska, 2005, Baum et al., 2005, Csiszar et al., 2005, Juhasz and Sass, 2005, Kornbluth and White, 2005, Mazzalupo and Cooley, 2005, Perez-Garijo et al., 2005, Purves et al., 2005, Xu et al., 2005, Anonymous, 2004, Danial and Korsmeyer, 2004, Dotto and Silke, 2004, Geisbrecht and Montell, 2004, Hsu et al., 2004, Huh et al., 2004, Huh et al., 2004, Huh et al., 2004, Martin and Baehrecke, 2004, McCall, 2004, Muro et al., 2004, Ryoo et al., 2004, Shiozaki and Shi, 2004, Xu et al., 2004, Yan et al., 2004, Arama et al., 2003, Baehrecke, 2003, Baehrecke, 2003, Brachmann and Cagan, 2003, Cagan, 2003, Claveria and Torres, 2003, Ditzel et al., 2003, Lawen, 2003, Meier and Silke, 2003, Ou et al., 2003, Quinn et al., 2003, Xu et al., 2003, Zachariou et al., 2003, Adams and Cory, 2002, Ditzel and Meier, 2002, Li et al., 2002, Tenev et al., 2002, Wilson et al., 2002, Yoo et al., 2002, Yu et al., 2002, Adams and Cory, 2001, Bangs et al., 2001, Wing et al., 2001, Bangs et al., 2000, Chen and Abrams, 2000, Kumar, 2000, Petritsch et al., 2000, Rodriguez et al., 2000, Tittel and Steller, 2000, Vernooy et al., 2000, White, 2000, Abrams, 1999, White, 1999)
                                          Dronc/Casp9
                                          (Agnès et al., 2007)
                                          Nc
                                          (Neuert et al., 2017, Sarov et al., 2016, Dembeck et al., 2015, Van Bortle et al., 2015, Ihry and Bashirullah, 2014, Kim and Choe, 2014, Kim et al., 2014, Kuang et al., 2014, Sinenko and Kornbluth, 2014.5.14, Sinenko and Kornbluth, 2014.5.14, Zhang and Cohen, 2013, Ihry et al., 2012, Wang et al., 2010, Chittaranjan et al., 2009, Dworkin et al., 2009, Hou et al., 2008, Talamillo et al., 2008, Begun et al., 2007, Bergman, 2007.4.12, Haerty et al., 2007, Zeitouni et al., 2007, Bergman, 2006.7.7, Muro et al., 2006, Jordan et al., 2005, Kim et al., 2005, Kornbluth and White, 2005, Terashima and Bownes, 2005)
                                          Nc\Dronc
                                          (Martin et al., 2007)
                                          anon-EST:GreesD6
                                          anon-EST:GressD6
                                          anon-WO0118547.313
                                          caspase-9
                                          (Mendes et al., 2006)
                                          dronc
                                          (Braun et al., 2025, Hirooka et al., 2025, Sawyer et al., 2025, Matamoro-Vidal et al., 2024, Nair and Baker, 2024, Ahmad et al., 2021, Liu et al., 2021, Xie et al., 2021, Blanco et al., 2020, Ojha and Tapadia, 2020, Pop et al., 2020, Robin et al., 2019, Shinoda et al., 2019, Córdoba and Estella, 2018, Pinal et al., 2018, Kang et al., 2017, Lu et al., 2017, Martín et al., 2017, Mondal et al., 2017, Napoletano et al., 2017, Neukomm et al., 2017, Pérez et al., 2017, Recasens-Alvarez et al., 2017, Smart et al., 2017, Ding et al., 2016, Fogarty et al., 2016, Hwangbo et al., 2016, Kale et al., 2015, Means et al., 2015, Nicolson et al., 2015, Seeds et al., 2015, Wang and Baker, 2015, Zhang et al., 2015, Ballesteros-Arias et al., 2014, Fan et al., 2014, Fernández et al., 2014, Kuang et al., 2014, Liang et al., 2014, Obata et al., 2014, Obata et al., 2014, Denton et al., 2013, Dichtel-Danjoy et al., 2013, Gordon et al., 2013, Kanamori et al., 2013, Lee et al., 2013, Lee et al., 2013, Rudrapatna et al., 2013, Shklyar et al., 2013, Yacobi-Sharon et al., 2013, Florentin and Arama, 2012, Inamdar et al., 2012, Kango-Singh, 2012.10.31, Marchal et al., 2012, Shlevkov and Morata, 2012, Kanda et al., 2011, Khammari et al., 2011, Lee et al., 2011, Lee et al., 2011, Fan and Bergmann, 2010, Fan et al., 2010, Lennox and Stronach, 2010, Li et al., 2010, Lin et al., 2010, Malzer et al., 2010, Menéndez et al., 2010, Milet et al., 2010, Schoenmann et al., 2010, Truman et al., 2010, Wang et al., 2010, Amarneh et al., 2009, Chittaranjan et al., 2009, Creagh et al., 2009, Denton et al., 2009, Kondo et al., 2009, Mallik and Lakhotia, 2009, Martín et al., 2009, McNamee and Brodsky, 2009, Pérez-Garijo et al., 2009, Steele et al., 2009, Tanaka-Matakatsu et al., 2009, Xu et al., 2009, Arya and Lakhotia, 2008, Denton et al., 2008, Fan and Bergmann, 2008, Sato et al., 2008, Shapiro et al., 2008, Shlevkov and Morata, 2008, Xu and Bergmann, 2008, Akdemir et al., 2007, Berry and Baehrecke, 2007, Krieser et al., 2007, Krieser et al., 2007, Minakhina et al., 2007, Tanaka-Matakatsu et al., 2007, Thummel, 2007, Togane et al., 2007, Wells and Johnston, 2007, Yin et al., 2007, Zeitouni et al., 2007, Arama et al., 2006, Brun et al., 2006, Choi et al., 2006, Kanao and Miyachi, 2006, Kondo et al., 2006, Kuo et al., 2006, Leulier et al., 2006, Mazzalupo and Cooley, 2006, Means et al., 2006, Mendes et al., 2006, Minakhina and Steward, 2006, Moon et al., 2006, Williams et al., 2006, Xu et al., 2006, Xu et al., 2006, Akdemir et al., 2005, Kilpatrick et al., 2005, Kondo et al., 2005, Xu et al., 2005, Xu et al., 2005, Cakouros et al., 2004, Chew et al., 2004, Daish et al., 2004, Dorstyn et al., 2004, Kumar and Cakouros, 2004, Bergmann et al., 2003, Daish et al., 2003, Gorski et al., 2003, Jassim et al., 2003, Kumar et al., 2003, Li and White, 2003, Ohno et al., 2003, Cakouros et al., 2002, Dorstyn et al., 2002, Gorski and Marra, 2002, Igaki et al., 2002, Lee et al., 2002, Lee et al., 2002, Muro et al., 2002, Richardson and Kumar, 2002, Ryoo et al., 2002, Thummel and Chory, 2002, Doumanis et al., 2001, Harvey et al., 2001, Lee and Baehrecke, 2001, Lee et al., 2001, Lee et al., 2001, Simon et al., 2001, Thummel, 2001, Baehrecke, 2000, Buszczak and Cooley, 2000, Buszczak and Segraves, 2000, Kumar and Doumanis, 2000, Lee et al., 2000, Meier, 2000.4.5, Quinn et al., 2000, Vernooy et al., 2000)
                                          Name Synonyms
                                          Caspase-9-like
                                          (Fan and Bergmann, 2010)
                                          DRONC
                                          (Mills et al., 2006)
                                          Death regulator Nedd2-like caspase
                                          (Steller et al., 2014.7.9)
                                          Dronc
                                          (Umargamwala et al., 2024, Heron et al., 2023, Daneshvar et al., 2013, Du, 2010.4.23, Chew et al., 2009, Koto et al., 2009, Shapiro and Ryoo, 2008, Zhong and Belote, 2007, Juhasz and Sass, 2005)
                                          Drosophila Caspase-9 homologue
                                          (Verghese et al., 2012)
                                          Drosophila Nedd2-like caspase
                                          (Adrain, 2006)
                                          Nedd 2-like caspase
                                          (Terashima and Bownes, 2005)
                                          Nedd2-like caspase
                                          (Zhang and Cohen, 2013, Gonsalves et al., 2011, Truman et al., 2010, Martín et al., 2009, Snipas et al., 2008, Musters et al., 2006, Williams et al., 2006)
                                          caspase-9
                                          (Alimba et al., 2022, Zhang et al., 2015, Griciuc et al., 2014, Ahamed et al., 2010, Gupta et al., 2010)
                                          dronc
                                          (Neto-Silva et al., 2010, Babcock et al., 2009, Cakouros et al., 2008, Xu and Bergmann, 2007)
                                          Secondary FlyBase IDs
                                          • FBgn0025326
                                          • FBgn0062102
                                          Datasets (0)
                                          Study focus (0)
                                          Experimental Role
                                          Project
                                          Project Type
                                          Title
                                          Study result (0)
                                          Result
                                          Result Type
                                          Title
                                          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 62 )
                                          Sequence Crossreferences
                                          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                                          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                                          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                                          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                                          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                                          UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                                          Other crossreferences
                                          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                                          BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                                          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                                          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                                          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                                          FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                                          InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                                          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                                          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                                          PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
                                          Linkouts
                                          BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                                          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                                          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                                          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                                          FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                                          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                                          Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                                          Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                                          FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
                                          iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                                          Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
                                          KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                                          MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                                          MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                                          Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                                          References (638)